PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
ED PROPONENTS
IMPORTANT NOTES
• BEHAVIORISM – change
• ESSENTIALISM – basic
• EXISTENTIALISM – choice
• HUMANISM – build
• IDEALISM – enough in mind
• PERRENIALISM – constant
• PRAGMATISM - practice (T&E)
• PROGRESSIVISM – improve
• REALISM – enough to see
• UTILITARIANISM – best
• SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIVISM – benefit of all
• AIMS OF ERAS
• PRE-SPANISH – survival and conformity
• SPANISH – Christianity
• AMERICAN – democratic ideals and way of life
• COMMONWEALTH – moral character, efficiency
• JAPANESE – progress
PROF.
• B.F. SKINNER – Operant Conditioning
• BANDURA – Modeling
• BANDURA & WALLACE – Social Learning
• CARL JUNG – Psychological
• CONFICIUS – Education for all, Golden Rule
• EDWARD THORNDIKE – Connectionism
• ERICK ERIKSON – Psychosocial
• IVAN PAVLOV – Classical Conditioning
• JEAN PIAGET – Cognitive
• FROEBEL - Father of Kndrgrtn
• PEZTALLOZI – realia, Froebel’s protégé
• JEROME BRUNER – Instrumental Conceptualism
• JOHN DEWEY – learning by doing
• JOHN LOCKE – Tabula Rasa (blank sheet)
• KOHLERS – Insight Learning
• LAURENCE KOHLBERG – Moral Development
• LEV VGOTSKY – Social Cognitivist, Scaffolding
• SIGMUND FREUD – Psychosexual
• WILLIAM SHELDON – Physiological
 PRINCIPLES OF EDUCATION TAXONOMY OF OBJECTIVES
• HEDONISM – pleasure principle COGNITIVE:
• DOUBLE EFFECT – sacrifice for the good or bad
• BLOOM (LOTS) ANDERSON (HOTS)
• FORMAL COOPERATION – cooperation with will
✓ Knowledge
• LESSER EVIL – choice of the less one from two bad things
✓ Comprehension
• MATERIAL COOPERATION – cooperation without will ✓ Application
✓ Analysis
• FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL / PSYCHOANALYTICAL THEORY ✓ Synthesis
1. ORAL (0-1 yrs. old) – Infant ✓ Evaluation o Remembering
2. ANAL (1-3 yrs. old) – Toddler ✓ Understanding
3. PHALLIC – Preschool ✓ Applying
4. LATENCY – School Age ✓ Analyzing
5. GENITAL – Adolescence ✓ Evaluating
✓ Creating
• OEDIPUS – son to mom
• ELECTRA – daughter to dad • AFFECTIVE:
✓ Receiving
• BRUNER’S THREE MODES OF REPRESENTATION ✓ Responding
1. ENACTIVE (0-1 yrs. old) – action-based information ✓ Valuing
2. ICONIC (1-6 yrs. old) – image-based information ✓ Organizing
3. SYMBOLIC (7+) – code/symbols such as language ✓ Characterization

• PSYCHOMOTOR: SIMPSON HARROW

✓ Perception
✓ Set
✓ Guided Response
✓ Mechanism
✓ Complex Overt Response
✓ Adaptation
✓ Origination o Reflex movement
 ✓ Fundamental Movement • PIAGET’S COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY
✓ Physical Movement ✓ SENSORY – senses
✓ Perceptual Abilities ✓ PRE-OPERATIONAL – imagination
✓ Skilled Movements ✓ CONCRETE
✓ non-discursive communication ✓ FORMAL

• DALES CONE OF EXPERIENCE

• GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
✓ Read
✓ VACUUM TUBES (1940-1956)
✓ Hear
✓ TRANSISTORS (1956-1963)
✓ Picture
✓ INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (1964-1971)
✓ Video
✓ MICROPROCESSORS (1971-present)
✓ Exhibit
✓ ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (present-future)
✓ Demonstration
✓ Collaborative Work
✓ Simulation • MISTAKEN GOALS
✓ Real thing ✓ ATTENTION SEEKER – “teacher, notice me”
✓ REVENGE – “teacher, I am hurt”
• ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL TASKS ✓ POWER-SEEKING – “teacher, may I help?”
✓ TRUST VS. MISTRUST (0-12 months) ✓ INADEQUACY – “teacher, don’t give up on me”
✓ AUTONOMY VS. SHAME/DOUBT (1-3 years old) ✓ WITHDRAWAL – “teacher, please help me”
✓ INITIATIVE VS. GUILT (3-6 years old)
✓ INDUSTRY VS. INFERIORITY (6-12 years old)
✓ INDENTITY VS. ROLE CONFUSION (12-18 years old)
✓ INTIMACY VS. ISOLATION (early 20s-early 40s
✓ GENERATIVITY VS. STAGNATION (40s-mid 60s)
✓ INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR (mid 60s-death)
• KOHLBERG’S THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT • HORN/HALO EFFECT
✓ LEVEL 1: PRE-CONVENTIONAL MORALITY - overcoming another trait, either bad/good
➢ Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation
➢ Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange
✓ LEVEL 2: CONVENTIONAL MORALITY
➢ Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationships
➢ Stage 4: Maintaining the Social Order
✓ LEVEL 3: POST-CONVENTIONAL MORALITY
➢ Stage 5: Social Contract and Individual Rights
➢ Stage 6: Universal Principles

• CENTRAL TENDENCY -Central (middle location) Tendency

• MEAN – Average MODE – most occurring
• RANGE – highest score minus lowest score
• LOW SD–Homogenous, scores near to mean (almost same)
• HIGH SD – Heterogenous, scores far to mean (scattered)
• DECILE – 10 grps (D1…D10) QUARTILE – 4 grps (Q1…Q4)
• SUSPENSION – time REVOKATION – condition

• DIFFICULTY INDEX
✓ 0-0.20 VERY DIFFICULT
✓ 0.21-0.40 DIFFICULT
✓ 0.41-0.60 MODERATELY DIFFICULT
✓ 0.61-0.80 EASY
✓ 0.81-1.00 VERY EASY

• POSITIVELY SKEWED (LEFT FOOT)

- low scores, mean greater than mode

• NEGATIVELY SKEWED (RIGHT FOOT)

- high scores, mean is lower than mode