OPHTHALMOLOGY QUESTION BANK

SUB TOPIC Question

Optics and Refraction, Retina
1. 5 Anatomy Describe briefly the anatomy of Retina
2. 5 Physiology Describe the visual cycle
3. 5 Physiology Discuss theories of colour vision
4. 5 Refractive errors What is Sturm's conoid? Describe it with a neat diagram.
5. Define & classify Hypermetropia. Describe the clinical features and
10 Refractive errors
treatment of Hypermetropia. (4+3+3)
6. Define & classify Myopia. Describe the clinical features and treatment of
10 Refractive errors
Myopia. (4+3+3)
7. Classify Myopia. What are the various treatment modalities for Myopia?
5 Refractive errors
(3+2)
8. 5 Contact lens List the indications, advantages and complications of contact lenses
9. 5 Refractive errors Describe the types of Hypermetropia.
10. 5 Refractive errors Illustrate the retinal findings in Pathological Myopia.
11. Define & classify Astigmatism. Describe the treatment of regular
5 Refractive errors
Astigmatism? (4+1)
12. Define Aphakia? Mention the clinical signs and treatment options for the
5 Refractive errors
same (1+2+2)
13. 5 Refractive errors Define and classify Astigmatism with examples.
14. Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of Presbyopia.
5 Accommodation
(1+2+2)
15. 5 Refractive errors Describe the treatment options of astigmatism
16. 5 Refractive errors Describe the various types of myopia
17. 5 Refractive errors Explain the disadvantages of spectacle correction in Aphakia.
18. 5 Refractive errors illustrate the fundus changes in pathological Myopia. (4+1)
19. 5 Anatomy Sketch and explain the visual pathway
20. 5 Refractive errors Discuss the treatment options for myopia
21. 5 Refractive errors Discuss the treatment options for Hypermetropia
22. Refractive Explain the Indications and principles of the various refractive surgeries for
5
surgeries Myopia
23. Refractive Explain the indications and principles of refractive surgeries for
5
surgeries Hypermetropia
24. Refractive Explain the indications and principles of refractive surgeries for
5
surgeries Astigmatism
25. 5 Refractive errors Define & classify the types of Amblyopia
26. 5 Strabismus Describe briefly the mechanism of strabismic amblyopia
Retina
27. 5 Anatomy Describe the anatomy of retina with a labelled diagram.
28. Classify Retinoblastoma & describe its clinical features and management.
10 Tumors
(2+3+5)
29. Retinal Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of Exudative
5
detachment retinal detachment (2+2+1)
30. Retinal Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of
5
detachment Tractional retinal detachment (2+2+1)
31. List the differential diagnosis of Leucocoria and discuss briefly about any
5 Tumors
one of them
32. 5 Anatomy Illustrate the features of normal fundus as seen Ophthalmoscopically.
33. Illustrate the clinical features of Retinitis pigmentosa and the resultant
5 Retinal dystrophy
type of Optic atrophy (4+1)
34. What are the causes of Cherry-red spot at the macula? Describe the clinical
5 Tumors
features & treatment of one of the causes (2+2+1)
35. Describe the various clinical stages of Retinoblastoma, what is trilateral
5 Tumors
retinoblastoma? (4+1)
36. Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of Retinitis
10 Retinal dystrophy
pigmentosa (3+4+3)
37. 5 Tumors Explain the indications, contraindications and steps of Enucleation (1+1+3)
38. Describe the types, histopathology, stages of clinical manifestations and
10 Tumors
management of Retinoblastoma. (1+2+4+3)
39. 5 Tumors Outline the investigations and treatment of Retinoblastoma.
40. 5 Tumors Explain the different stages of Retinoblastoma.
41. 5 Tumors Discuss briefly the management of Retinoblastoma.
42. 5 Tumors Illustrate the types and histopathology of Retinoblastoma (2+3)
43. Discuss the inheritance pattern and Illustrate the types of growth
5 Tumors
in retinoblastoma (3+2)
44. Vascular Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of Cystoid
5
disorders macular edema. (2+2+1)
Vitreous
45. 5 Anatomy Describe the attachments of vitreous, name 2 vitreous substitutes (4+1)
46. Vitreous Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of vitreous
5
hemorrhage hemorrhage
lids and adnexa
47. 5 Discuss briefly about Vitreous degenerations
48. 10 Define and classify Ptosis. Discuss the evaluation and management of ptosis
49. 10 Classify Ptosis. Discuss the management of different types of ptosis.
50. 10 Outline the evaluation of a case of ptosis. Describe treatment of ptosis in detail.
51. 10 Classify Ptosis. Discuss the clinical features and management of congenital ptosis.
52. 10 Define Ptosis. Describe classification, clinical features and treatment of ptosis.
53. 10 Classify Ptosis. Discuss the management of severe ptosis.
54. Define and classify Blepharitis. Discuss the clinical features and management of
10
different types of blepharitis.
55. Classify Blepharitis. Differentiate between anterior and posterior blepharitis. Describe
10
the complications and management of Ulcerative blepharitis
56. Enumerate the differential diagnosis for the swellings of the eyelids. Mention the
10
clinical features and outline the management.
57. 5 Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of Anterior blepharitis
58. Discuss the clinical features and complications of ulcerative Blepharitis. Add a note on
5
its Management.
59. Classify Blepharitis. Describe the Clinical features and management of posterior
5
blepharitis.
60. 5 Discuss signs, symptoms and management of External hordeolum.
61. 5 Discuss signs, symptoms and management of Internal hordeolum.
62. 5 Define Chalazion, clinical features and management of Chalazion.
63. 5 Classify Entropion. Describe the clinical features and Management of Entropion
64. 5 Define Ectropion. Classify and mention the clinical features, management of ectropion
65. 5 Mention the causes of Ptosis and outline the management of ptosis.
66. 5 Illustrate the evaluation of a case of ptosis
67. Mention the causes of Lagophthalmos. Describe the clinical features, grading and
5
Management of the same.
68. 5 Enumerate causes for Trichiasis. Describe the clinical features and treatment.
69. Outline the management of a case of acute onset of lid swelling in an elderly patient.
5
Discuss the DDs
70. Describe the clinical manifestations of Squamous cell carcinoma of eyelids. Add a note
5
on its management.
71. Elaborate on the clinical presentation of Basal cell carcinoma of the lids and its
5
management.
72. 5 Describe the management of Sebaceous gland carcinoma of eyelid.
73. Describe the etiopathogenesis, stages, clinical features and management of Acute
10
Dacryocystitis.
74. Describe the etiopathogenesis, stages, clinical features and management of chronic
10
Dacrocytes.
75. Define Epiphora. Enumerate the causes and tests done to evaluate a case of epiphora.
10
Add a note on management
76. Discuss the etiology, clinical presentation and management of congenital NLD
5
obstruction.
77. Classify the inflammatory conditions of lacrimal gland. Enumerate the causes and
5
management.
78. Enumerate the common lacrimal gland tumors and describe clinical features of each
5
type.
79. 5 Illustrate the management of a case of lacrimal gland tumor.
80. Describe the Clinical features and management of Pleomorphic adenoma of lacrimal
5
gland.
81. 5 Elaborate on tests done to investigate epiphora
82. 5 Elaborate on investigations of chronic Dacryocystitis
83. 5 Discuss the Management of chronic Dacryocystitis
84. 5 Differentiate between DCR and DCT.
85. 5 Explain the procedure of DCR and mention its complications.
Orbit
86. Define proptosis. Mention the causes for proptosis. Outline the management of a
10
case of proptosis.
87. Discuss the evaluation of a case of bilateral Proptosis. Describe the complications
10
and management of Thyroid Orbitopathy.
88. Define and classify proptosis. Describe the clinical features and management of
10
Thyroid orbitopathy.
89. Mention the causes for Unilateral acute proptosis. Describe the management of
5
Unilateral Proptosis.
90. Describe etiology, clinical symptoms, signs and management of Cavernous sinus
5
syndrome.
91. 5 Describe etiology, clinical symptoms, signs and management of orbital cellulitis
92. 5 Differentiate between Orbital cellulitis and Pre-septal cellulitis.
93. 5 Describe the clinical features and complications of thyroid ophthalmopathy
94. Classify the various types of orbital tumors. Differentiate the symptoms and signs
10
of the presentation of various types of ocular tumors
95. Enumerate and elaborate on investigations for diagnosis of orbital tumors. Outline
10
the management.
96. Enumerate the Neural tumors of the orbit. Describe the clinical features and
10
management of neural tumors of the orbit.
97. Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of cystic tumors of the
5
orbit
98. Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of vascular tumors of the
5
orbit
99. Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of Childhood tumors of
5
the orbit.
Conjunctiva
100. Bacterial Describe the etiology, clinical features, treatment and complications of
10
conjunctivitis Acute Mucopurulent Conjunctivitis. (2+3+3+2)
101. Describe the etiology, clinical features, treatment and complications of
10 Trachoma
Trachoma. (2+3+2+3)
102. What is WHO classification of Trachoma? Enumerate the sequelae &
5 Trachoma
complications of Trachoma? (2+3)
103. 5 Trachoma Describe the treatment of Trachoma. What is SAFE strategy? (3+2)
104. Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of Acute
10 Conjunctivitis
Membranous conjunctivitis. (1+2+2)
105. Describe the corneal manifestations and treatment of vernal catarrah.
5 Allergic Conjunctivitis
(3+2)
106. Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of Vernal
5 Allergic Conjunctivitis
keratoconjunctivitis. (2+4+4)
107. Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of Angular
5 Conjunctivitis
conjunctivitis. (1+2+2)
108. Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of Acute
5 Viral conjunctivitis
Follicular conjunctivitis. (1+2+2)
109. Describe the WHO classification of trachoma, add a note on its
5 Trachoma
management (2+3)
110. 5 Trachoma Mention the sequelae of Trachoma.
111. Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of Phylectenular
5 Conjunctivitis
Keratoconjunctivitis. (1+2+2)
112. 5 Conjunctivitis Define chemosis and ecchymosis.
113. Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of
10 Conjunctivitis
Ophthalmia neonatorum. Add a note on prophylaxis. (2+3+4+1)
114. 5 Conjunctival degen. Write the differences between Pterygium and Pseudopterygium.
115. 5 Red eye Mention the causes for subconjunctival hemorrhage.
116. Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of Pterygium.
10 Conjunctival degen.
(2+4+4)
117. 5 Red eye Mention the differences between conjunctival and ciliary congestion
118. Define symblepharon. Describe the etiology, types, complications and
10 Symblepharon
management of symblepharon. (1+2+1+3+3)
119. 5 Symblepharon Describe the complications and management of symblepharon. (3+2)
Cornea
120. Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of Bacterial
10 Corneal Ulcer
corneal ulcer.
121. Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of Fungal
10 Corneal Ulcer
Keratitis.
122. 5 Viral Keratitis Describe the clinical features and treatment of zoster ophthalmicus?
123. 5 Viral Keratitis Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of Moorens ulcer
124. 5 Viral Keratitis Describe the clinical features and treatment of zoster ophthalmicus?
125. 5 Viral Keratitis Describe the clinical features and treatment of dendritic ulcer.
126. 5 Viral Keratitis Describe the clinical features and treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis
127. Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of herpes simplex
5 Viral Keratitis
keratitis.
128. What are the causes of Exposure keratitis? Describe the clinical features
5 Corneal Ulcer
and treatment.
129. 5 Corneal Ulcer Mention complications of corneal ulcer.
130. What is descematocoele? What are the sequelae of perforated corneal
5 Corneal Ulcer
ulcer?
131. 5 Viral Keratitis Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of Disciform keratitis
132. What is neurotrophic keratopathy. Describe the clinical features and
5 Viral Keratitis
treatment.
133. 5 Viral Keratitis What are the causes of non-healing corneal ulcer?
134. 10 Dry eye Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of Dry eye.
135. 5 Corneal blindness Describe the causes of corneal blindness.
136. 5 Corneal Edema Describe the causes of corneal edema.
137. 5 Keratoplasty Discuss the indications and types of Keratoplasty.
138. 5 Tarsorrhaphy Discuss the types, procedure and complications of Tarsorrhaphy.
139. 5 Eye banking Discuss Eye donation and eye banking.
Sclera
140. Describe the aetiology, associated systemic conditions, clinical features and
5 Sclera
management of episcleritis
141. Describe the aetiology, associated systemic conditions, clinical features and
5 Sclera
management of Scleritis
142. 5 Sclera Mention the differences between Scleritis and Episcleritis
Iris
143. Classify uveitis and describe the clinical features and management of anterior
10
uveitis?
144. 10 Describe the clinical features, complications & treatment of acute iridocyclitis.
145. 10 Discuss clinical features and complications of chronic iridocyclitis?
146. 5 What are Keratic precipitates? Describe the different types.
147. 5 Enumerate the investigations for a case of uveitis?
148. 5 Write the differences between granulomatous and non-granulomatous uveitis
149. 5 Define occlusio pupillae and seclusio pupillae.
150. 5 What is rubeosis iridis? Mention its causes and complications?
151. 10 Discuss the systemic conditions associated with uveitis
152. 5 Anterior chamber Discuss the angle of anterior chamber
153. 5 Glaucoma What are the causes of secondary glaucoma in uvietis.
Lens
154. 10 Describe the anatomy and physiological aspect of lens?
155. Describe the etiology, types, clinical features and treatment of congenital
10
cataract?
156. 10 Describe the etiology, clinical features and treatment of senile cataract?
157. Enumerate the types of cataract surgery. Describe the post-operative
10
complications
158. 10 Describe the etiology, Clinical features & treatment of developmental cataract.
159. Enumerate the types of cataract surgery. Describe the steps of manual small
10
incision cataract surgery.
160. 10 What is after cataract? What are the types? Describe the treatment.
161. 10 What is Complicated cataract? What are the causes & clinical features?
162. What are the stages of senile cataract? Mention 4 differences between senile
5
mature & immature cataract.
163. 5 What is after cataract? Describe the types and treatment.
164. 5 Describe causes of subluxation of lens. What is the treatment?
165. 5 Briefly describe IOL?
166. 5 What are the differential diagnosis of leucocoria?
167. 5 Briefly describe the types of lens induced glaucoma.
168. 5 What are the early postoperative complications of cataract surgery?
169. 5 What are the late postoperative complications of cataract surgery
170. 5 What is aphakia? What are the symptoms and signs of aphakia?
171. 5 How do you manage aphakia?
172. 5 What is ectopia lentis? What are the causes of ectopia lentis?
173. 5 What are the differential diagnosis of dislocation of lens
Retina
174. Discuss the etiology, clinical features and treatment of Central Retinal
5 Vascular disorders
Vein Occlusion. (1+3+1)
175. Classify Retinal vein occlusion. Describe the fundus changes,
10 Vascular disorders
investigations and treatment of Central Retinal vein occlusion (2+4+2+2)
176. Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and management of
10 Vascular disorders
central retinal artery occlusions (3+2+2+3)
177. 5 Vascular disorders What is 100 day Glaucoma? Write the clinical features. (2+3)
178. 5 Vascular disorders Differentiate between ischemic and non-ischemic vein occlusion.
179. Describe the clinical features & management of Branch Retinal Vein
5 Vascular disorders
Occlusion. (2+3)
180. 5 Retinal detachment Differentiate between Rhegmatogenous and Exudative detachment.
181. 5 Retinal detachment Differentiate between Exudative and Tractional detachment.
182. Vitreous Explain the etiology, types, clinical features and management of
5
Detachment Posterior Vitreous Detachment (1+1+2+1)
183. 5 Vascular disorders Illustrate the stages of Diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy
184. Classify Diabetic Retinopathy and discuss the of management of the
10 Vascular disorders
same. (4+6)
185. Illustrate the fundus changes in Diabetic Retinopathy & discuss the
10 Vascular disorders
management of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. (6+4)
186. Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical features and principles
10 Vascular disorders
of treatment of Diabetic retinopathy. (2+5+3)
187. 5 Vascular disorders Illustrate Keith Wagner's classification of hypertensive retinopathy
188. Classify Retinal detachment. Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical
10 Vascular disorders features & management of Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
(1+2+4+3)
189. 5 Vascular disorders Discuss the etiopathogenesis and stages of Retinopathy of prematurity
190. Describe ETDRS classification of Diabetic retinopathy, Name any
5 Vascular disorders
one cause of sudden, painless loss in vision in a diabetic. (4+1)
191. 5 Vascular disorders Discuss Diabetic maculopathy and its treatment. (4+1)
192. 5 Vascular disorders Explain briefly about Clinically significant macular edema.
193. 5 Vascular disorders Outline the management of Diabetic retinopathy.
194. Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of
10 Vascular disorders
Hypertensive retinopathy (3+5+2)
195. 5 Vascular disorders Write the pathogenesis of Diabetic retinopathy.
196. Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of Central
10 Vascular disorders
serous retinopathy. (3+4+3)
197. What is age related macular degeneration? Describe the clinical features
5 Macula
and management (1+2+2)
198. Classify Retinal detachment and describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical
5 Retinal detachment
features & management of Serous retinal detachment. (1+2+4+3)
199. Classify Retinal detachment and describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical
5 Retinal detachment
features & management of tractional retinal detachment. (1+2+4+3)
200. 5 Vascular disorders Discuss briefly about Clinically Significant Macular Edema
201. 5 Vitreous Discuss the causes of vitreous haemorrhage and its complications. (2+3)
Community Ophthalmology
202. 5 Define and classify Blindness according to WHO
203. 5 Write a note on the national programmes to control Blindness.
204. 5 What is social blindness? Elaborate the causes of preventable blindness.
205. 5 Write a note on the diseases covered under VISION 2020.
206. What are the contraindications of Eye Donation? Write a note on the storage media
5
for the donated eye.
Ocular motility and Strabismus
207. 5 What are the tests used to evaluate squint?
208. 5 Mention the Extraocular muscles & their nerve supply.
209. 5 Write the differences between Paralytic & concomitant squint.
210. Mention three causes for Uniocular Diplopia & Mention three cases for Binocular
5
Diplopia.
Neuro-ophthalmology
211. 5 Describe visual field defects seen in Pituitary adenoma/tumor.
212. 5 Name the ocular signs of third cranial nerve palsy
213. 5 Mention the types of Optic atrophy with examples
214. 5 What is papilloedema? Write the stages of Papilloedema.
215. What is Optic Neuritis? Describe the clinical features and treatment of Optic
5
neuritis.
Ocular Injuries
216. 5 Mention the effects of chemical injuries to the eye. Write the complications.
217. 5 Write a note on the manifestations of blunt injury to the eye.
218. Describe the etiology, clinical features and management of sympathetic
5
ophthalmitis