TRAINING

MOORING

OPERATIONS

Point of
restraint
Point of
break

Snap Back Snap back Mooring rope

Mooring Zone danger zone
rope

Point of
break
WHY CADET’S ????

 INEXPERIENCED
 MOORING TEAM
 SAFERY CULTURE - AWARENESS
 WEAK LINKS
 BOOST SELF CONFIDENCE
 IDENTIFY HAZARDS
 MAINTENANCE
 GOOD OFFICER
SCOPE
 RISKY OPERATION
 HAZARDS

 MOORING LINE
 IMPROPER WORK PROCESS
 CREW COMPETENCE
 CREW CONCENTRATION
 WEATHER
 NEW JOINER
 MOORING EQUIPMENT
 COMMUNICATION
INCIDENCES
 SLIP TRIP FALLS
 PARTING OF ROPES
 OIL LEAKS
 PARTING OF ROPE OR STOPPERS
 FAILURE OF MACHINERY
 NEAR MISSES
CONSEQUENCES
WHAT DOES MOORING SYSTEM DO?

 ASSISTIN HEAVING SHIP ALONGSIDE.

 PREVENTS DRITING AWAY ALONGSIDE
 WORKS AGAINST FORCES –
 WIND
 CURRENT,
 TIDES,
 SURGES DUE TO PASSING SHIP
 CHANGE OF DRAFT
HOW BIG ARE FORCES???
 FORCES ON SHIP (T) = SQUARE OF WIND
 FORCES ON SHIP (T)= SQUARE OF
CURRENT
 GREATER FREEBOARD * GREATER FORCE
DUE TO WIND
 LESSER UKC GREATER EFFECT OF
CURRENT
EFFECT OF CURRENT
 BEAM CURRENT FORCE INCREASES
AS THE DEPTH/DRAFT RATIO
REDUCES
EFFECT OF UKC ON CURRENT FORCE
50 T 150 T 200T
90 T

0.5 Df 0.2 Df
CURRENT IKT
5 Df 2 Df
MOORING LINES- CONTROLS FORCES

1 6
2 3 5
4
1.HEAD LINE- BACKWARD FORCE (-Y)
2.BREAST LINE-TRANSVERSE FORCE (-X)
3. FWD SPRINGLINE – FWD FORCE (+Y)
4.AFT SPRING LINE – AFT FORCE (-Y)
5. AFT BREAST LINE – TRANSVERSE FORCE(-X)
6.STERN LINE – FWD FORCE (+Y)
EFFECTIVENESS OF LINES
 NO SHORT LINES
 DIP TO BE LESS THAN 30 DEGREE
(EFFECTIVENESS COSINE OF ANGLE)
 SAME DIRECTION
 SAME LENGTH
 SAME MATERIAL
 CARE AND MAINTENANCE
SNAP BACK
 Line handlers must operate clear of the potential
snap – back path
 Sudden release of stored static energy in the
stretched synthetic line when it breaks.
 General rule,10 deg cone around line from point
of break to beyond point of secure to a distance
almost its own length.
SNAP BACK ZONE
Method Of Using - Bollards &
Rope stoppers

 Two round turn (but not more) around leading

post of the bitts before figure of eighting -
(Distributes the load on bollard evenly )
 Gypsy heads(mooring drums) should not be used
to belay the mooring line.
 Rope stopper should be of low stretch material.
 Material – Synthetic Fiber Rope
 Double Stopper is better than Single Stopper.
MOORING WINCH
 RENDER FORCE-Force required to turn winch in
opposite direction when set to heave with the driving
force applied . (EXTERNAL force causing drum to
turn to slack rope)
 HEAVING FORCE < RENDER FORCE
 BREAK HOLDING POWER REDUCES WITH NO.
OF LAYERS ON DRUM.
 Support at lower part of the brake band to be adjusted.
(5mm – 8mm)
 WRONG REELING DIRECTION REDUCES BHC
POWER BY 50%.
 OIL, MOISTURE,RUST REDUCES BHC BY 75%
SPECIFICATIONS
 BRAKE HOLDING CAPACITY-
1. Hawser Strength > BHC (Brake Slips
Before Hawser Brakes)
2. BHC = 60% MBL(Minimum Breaking
Load ) of hawser.
3. BHC > Heaving Capacity.(When brake
slips it is impossible to heave , till force
causing the slip is reduced)
4. RF>BHC>HC ( FOR SAFETY )
BHC & Layers on Winch Drum Specs

1. NO OF LAYERS BHC
1ST 100%
2ND 88%
3RD 80%
4TH 73%
5TH 67%
SPLIT DRUM WINCHES
 SAFETY GUIDELINE:
 SHIFTING LINE FROM TENSION DRUM TO
STORAGE DRUM
 TO TENSION DRUM REQUIRES CARE AND
SUFFICIENT PERSONNEL
 NO MORE THAN ONE TURN TO ME
MAINTAINED ON TENSION DRUM.
MAINTENANCE – FREE LINKS,PINS
 SAFETY CULTURE- BEHAVIOUR

 UNDERSTANDS SNAP BACK ZONE

 LEARNS MOORING WINCH OPERATION
 COMMUNICATION –VERBAL / NON VERBAL
 COMMUNICATION- INTERNAL/EXTERNAL
 PREPERATION FOR STATION
 FOLLOW PROCEDURES
 SWL ON MOORING ITEMS
 MOORING PLAN & UNDERSTAND TASK
 VIGILENT,IDENTIFYS HAZARDS
QUESTIONS

???