Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Attention notice taken of someone or something; the regarding of someone or something as interesting or important., the
action of dealing with or taking special care of someone or something.
Pay full attention to your studies
Intention a thing intended; an aim or plan.
I have no intention to go there
Aural relating to the ear or the sense of hearing.
Aural aids are used in education now a days
Oral spoken rather than written; verbal., relating to the mouth.
He appeared in the oral test
Ancient belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence.
I like to read ancient history
Old having lived for a long time; no longer young., belonging to the past; former.
Old people cannot be so active as young people
Avocation a hobby or minor occupation.
He is a soldier and painting is his avocation
Vocation a strong feeling of suitability for a particular career or occupation., a trade or profession.
His vocation is teaching
Vacation a time when someone does not go to work or school but is free to do what they want, such as travel or relax:
They went to Europe on vacation.
Angels Angels are spiritual beings that some people believe are God's servants in heaven.
Allah sent His message through angels
Angles the space (usually measured in degrees) between two intersecting lines or surfaces at or close to the point where they meet.
A triangle has three angles
Conscientiousness: putting a lot of effort into your work/ controlled by or done according to conscience
She has always been a very conscientious worker.
Casual: describes clothes that are not formal or not suitable for special occasions
I dress casual as I am in a casual setting.
Causal: a relationship, link, etc. between two things in which one causes the other
Is there a causal relationship between violence on television and violent behavior?
Cession: a ceding or giving up (of rights, property, territory, etc.) to another
The Sino-Japanese War (1894-95) led to further cessions of territory by China.
Session: a formal meeting or series of meetings of an organization such as a parliament or a law court
The parliamentary session is due to end on May 27th.
Cast: to choose actors to play particular parts in a play, film or show
He was often cast as the villain.
Caste: a system of dividing Hindu society into classes, or any of these classes
The Indian government banned caste discrimination at independence from Britain in 1947.
Continual: happening repeatedly, usually in an annoying or not convenient way
I've had continual problems with this car ever since I bought it.
Continuous: without a pause or interruption
My computer makes a continuous low buzzing noise.
Conquer: to take control or possession of foreign land, or a group of people, by force
The Spanish conquered the New World in the 16th century.
Concur: to agree with someone or have the same opinion as someone else
The new report concurs with previous findings.
Contemptible: deserving contempt
Her behavior was contemptible.
Contemptuous: expressing contempt
He was very contemptuous of 'popular' writers, whom he described as having no talent
Cease: to stop something
The Company has decided to cease all UK operations after this year.
Seize: to take something quickly and keep or hold it
I seized his arm and made him turn to look at me.
Career: a profession or occupation which one trains for and pursues as a lifework
Graduates may pursue careers in the public or private sector.
Carrier a person or thing that carries something
The parcels carriers used by most online retailers tend to be less flexible.
Custom: a way of behaving or a belief which has been established for a long time
An ancient custom was for the oldest son to have a double portion of the inheritance.
Habit: something which you do often and regularly, sometimes without knowing that you are doing it
I always buy the same brand of toothpaste just out of habit.
Choice: an act or the possibility of choosing
If the product doesn't work, you are given the choice of a refund or a replacement.
Preference: when you like something or someone more than another person or thing
Her preference is for comfortable rather than stylish clothes.
Conduct: to behave in a particular way, especially in a public or a formal situation, or to organize the way in which you
live in a particular way
How should I conduct myself at these dinners? I know nothing about etiquette.
Character: the particular combination of qualities in a person or place that makes them different from others
Politeness is traditionally part of the British character.
Conscious: to notice that a particular thing or person exists or is present
I think she's very conscious of being the only person in the office who didn't have a university education.
Conscientious: putting a lot of effort into your work/ controlled by or done according to conscience
She has always been a very conscientious worker.
Corps: a military unit trained to perform particular duties
The EU could set up the "external action service,” a kind of EU diplomatic corps.
Corpse: a dead body, usually of a person
In the morning they found his corpse on the ground.
Crevice A narrow opening or fissure, especially in a rock or wall
The vacuum cleaner attachment is the perfect tool for cleaning the crevice between the front car seats
Crevasse A deep open crack, especially one in a glacier
Once more an Alaskan snow machine rider has plummeted into a glacier crevasse
Kerb: The edge of a raised path nearest the road
She tripped over the kerb.
Curb: To control or to limit.
We must curb our spending next month.
Callous Emotionally hardened, showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others.
His callous comments about the murder made me shiver
Callus a thickened and hardened part of the skin or soft tissue, especially in an area that has been subjected to friction.
The exposed surface will quickly form healing callus
Crib cot, cribbage, pony, trot.
I'm not at my crib, I'm at Jed's house.
Crypt a cellar or vault or underground burial chamber (especially beneath a church).
The crypt antedates the rest of the building by several centuries.
Cell a small room in which a prisoner is locked up or in which a monk or nun sleeps.
The prisoner was brought out of the cell
Sell give or hand over (something) in exchange for money.
They sell school books
Cloth woven or felted fabric made from wool, cotton, or a similar fibre.
She bought some cloth from the market
Clothe put clothes on (oneself or someone); dress.
She is wearing colorful clothes
Cool of or at a fairly low temperature.
Cool breeze is blowing
Cold of or at a low or relatively low temperature, especially when compared with the human body.
It is cold outside
Difference: the way in which two or more things which you are comparing are not the same
What's the difference between an ape and a monkey?
Disclosure: the act of making something known or the fact that is made known
Any public disclosure of this information would be very damaging to the company.
Exposure: when something bad that someone has done is made public
The exposure of the minister's love affair forced him to resign.
Deface: to damage and spoil the appearance of something by writing or drawing on it
He was fined for defacing library books.
Efface: to remove something intentionally
The whole country had tried to efface the memory of the old dictatorship.
Due: expected to happen, arrive, etc. at a particular time
The next meeting is due to be held in three months' time.
Dew: drops of water that form on the ground and other surfaces outside during the night
There was moderate dew on the grass.
Diary: a book with a separate space or page for each day, in which you write down your future arrangements, meetings, etc.,
or one used to record your thoughts and feelings or what has happened on that day
Don't forget to write the date of the meeting in your diary.
Dairy: A commercial establishment for processing or selling milk and milk products.
Dairy farm may be supplied by water from a nearby spring.
Dinghy A small inflatable rubber boat
Take a dinghy with you on the beach.
Dingy: Gloomy and drab
A dark, dingy little shop that always smelt faintly of cigarettes.
Droop bend or hang downwards limply.
Branches of the plants droop in summer
Drop a small round or pear-shaped portion of liquid that hangs or falls or adheres to a surface .
Give me a drop of water
Dose a quantity of a medicine or drug taken or recommended to be taken at a particular time.
Have you taken one dose of medicine?
Doze sleep lightly.
Girl is dozing in the class
Die (of a person, animal, or plant) stop living.
Heroes never die
Dye a natural or synthetic substance used to add a colour to or change the colour of something .
Please dye my shirt
Denied state that one refuses to admit the truth or existence of.
He denied having told a lie
Refused to express oneself as unwilling to accept
She refused to help her in the hour of need
Device a thing made or adapted for a particular purpose, especially a piece of mechanical or electronic
equipment.
Zakat is a good device to help the poor
Devise plan or invent (a complex procedure, system, or mechanism) by careful thought.
We must devise ways and means to help the needy
Epic An epic is a story or long poem telling the tale of a fictional or historical hero.
Epic tale that favors the bizarre.
Epoch a period of time considered in terms of noteworthy and characteristic events, developments, persons, etc
Epoch of the final decline of democracy
Eminent distinguished, respected, well-known, noble, prestigious, star, renowned
As one of the most eminent physicists of the twentieth century, albert Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921
Prominent noteworthy, famous, eye-catching, marked, brilliant, and important
There is a six month waiting list to see the most prominent psychiatrist in the city.
Emigrate: to leave a country permanently and go to live in another one
Millions of Germans emigrated from Europe to America in the nineteenth century.
Immigrate: to come to live in a different country
He immigrated with his parents in 1895, and grew up in London.
Envy: to wish that you had something that another person has
I envy her ability to talk to people she's never met before.
Jealousy: a feeling of unhappiness and anger because someone has something that you want
The team has performed very badly this season due to petty jealousies among the players.
Euphemistic: a word or phrase used to avoid saying an unpleasant or offensive word
'Senior citizen' is a euphemism for 'old person'.
Euphuistic: Affected elegance of language.
Euphuistic style has been used in many of his writings.
Excite: to make someone have strong feelings of happiness and enthusiasm
Nothing about my life excites me at present.
Incite: to encourage someone to do or feel something unpleasant or violent
She was expelled for inciting her classmates to rebel against their teachers.
Exceptional: much greater than usual, especially in skill, intelligence, quality, etc
The Company has shown exceptional growth over the past two years.
Exceptionable: offensive or upsetting
This action is normally only taken in exceptionable circumstances.
Envelop: to cover or surround something completely
The graveyard looked ghostly, enveloped in mist.
Envelope: a flat, usually square or rectangular, paper container for a letter
A stamped, addressed envelope should be enclosed for reply.
Expedient: helpful or useful in a particular situation, but sometimes not morally acceptable
It might be expedient not to pay him until the work is finished.
Expeditious: quick
The bank was expeditious in replying to my letter.Meaning: a ceding or giving up (of rights, property, territory, etc.) to another
The Sino-Japanese War (1894-95) led to further cessions of territory by China.
Eligible: having the necessary qualities or satisfying the necessary conditions
Only people over 18 are eligible to vote.
Illegible: impossible or almost impossible to read because of being very untidy or not clear
His writing is almost illegible.
Enviable: good enough to be envied or desired
She's in the enviable position of being able to choose who she works for.
Envious: wishing you had what another person has
I'm very envious of your new coat - it's lovely.
Euphemistic: a word or phrase used to avoid saying an unpleasant or offensive word
'Senior citizen' is a euphemism for 'old person'.
Euphuistic: Affected elegance of language.
Euphuistic style has been used in many of his writings.
Epigram a brief and witty saying or poem
At his daughter’s wedding, Jason shared a heartwarming epigram he had written.
Epigraph 1. a quotation at the beginning of some piece of writing 2. an engraved inscription.
Emerson's words might also serve as an epigraph for the pages that follow.
Expect regard (something) as likely to happen.
I expect to get good marks in the coming examination
Hope a feeling of expectation and desire for a particular thing to happen.
We should never lose hope
Elder of one or more out of a group of associated people) of a greater age.
He is my elder brother
Older having lived for a long time; no longer young.
Lahore is an older city than Islamabad
Libel Law a published false statement that is damaging to a person’s reputation; a written defamation.
He was found guilty of a libel on a Liverpool inspector of taxes.
Liable legally bound or obligated, as to make good any loss or damage that occurs in a transaction; responsible.
Chief Officer should be vicariously liable for the actions of their officers.
Loath: to be unwilling to do something
: I'm loath to spend it all at once.
Loathe: to hate someone or something
From an early age the brothers have loathed each other.
Luxuriant: growing thickly, strongly and well
This stretch of land was once covered with luxuriant forest, but is now bare.
Luxurious: very comfortable and expensive
They have a very luxurious house.
Liable Being likely to do or experience something or to having legal responsibility for something.
Chief Officers should be vicariously liable for the actions of their officers.
Libel A written and published false statement about someone that damages their reputation.
he following year his attacks on the governor of new york led to him being arrested for seditious libel.
Loose: not firmly fixed in place
There were some loose wires hanging out of the wall.
Lose: to no longer have something because you do not know where it is, or because it has been taken away
from you
I've lost my ticket.
Ladylike : graceful, controlled and behaving in a way that is socially acceptable for a woman
Laura is very ladylike and elegant.
Ladyship: a respectful way of referring to or talking to a woman or girl who has the rank of a peer or knight without using
her title
We are honored to welcome your ladyship here tonight.
Layout: the way that something is arranged
I like the layout of the house.
Outlay: an amount of money spent for a particular purpose, especially as a first investment in something
For an initial outlay of £2000 to buy the equipment, you should be earning up to £500 a month if the product sells well.
Least: less than anything or anyone else; the smallest amount or number
This group is the least likely of the four to win.
Less: a smaller amount (of); not so much, or to a smaller degree
We must try to spend less money.
Lest: in order to prevent any possibility that something will happen
They were afraid to complain about the noise lest they annoyed the neighbors.
Lovely very beautiful or attractive.
Rose is a lovely flower
Loveable inspiring or deserving love or affection.
She is nice and lovable
Liar a person who tells lies.
Akbar is a liar. He always tells lies
Lawyer a person who practises or studies law, especially (in the UK) a solicitor or a barrister or (in the US) an attorney.
I want to become a lawyer
Letter a written, typed, or printed communication, sent in an envelope by post or messenger .
I have written a letter to my friend
Latter occurring or situated nearer to the end of something than to the beginning.
Of wealth and health, the latter is more important
Lesson a period of learning or teaching.
The first lesson of our book is easy
Lessen make or become less; diminish.
Please lessen the speed of the car
Restive feeling bored or impatient while waiting for something to happen or change
After just a week of summer vacation, the kids were bored and restive, demanding new things to do.
Restless uneasy, agitated, impatient
The flu and constant worry caused her to have anxious days and many restless nights.
Respectfully in a way that shows you want to be polite or honor someone
As the body was carried through the crowd, people drew back respectfully.
Respectively relating or belonging to each of the separate people or things you have just mentioned
In the 200 meters, Lizzy and Sarah came first and third respectively.
Restive: unwilling to be controlled or be patient
The audience was becoming restive as they waited for the performance to begin.
Restless: unwilling or unable to stay still or to be quiet and calm, because you are worried or bored
He's a restless type - he never stays in one country for long.
Revel: to separate the parts, esp. threads
The road raveled rapidly and became merely a pile of loose stones.
Reveal: to make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously secret
He was jailed for revealing secrets to the Russians.
Raze: to completely destroy a city, building, etc
The town was razed to the ground in the bombing raid - not a building was left standing.
Raise: to lift something to a higher position
Would all those in favor please raise their hands?
Right: correct
You got three answers right and two wrong.
Rite: a set of fixed words and actions
You have to go through an initiation rite before you become a full member.
Rightful: A rightful position or claim is one which is morally or legally correct
Don't forget that I am the rightful owner of this house.
Righteous: morally correct
He was regarded as a righteous and holy man
Rigorous: very strict or harsh
We shall now proceed by making the discussion more rigorous.
Vigorous very forceful or energetic
There has been vigorous opposition to the proposals for a new road.
Raise: to lift something to a higher position
Would all those in favor please raise their hands?
Rise: to move upwards
New buildings are rising throughout the city.
Raze: to completely destroy a city, building, etc
The town was razed to the ground in the bombing raid - not a building was left standing.
Resources: a useful or valuable possession or quality of a country, organization or person
The country's greatest resource is the dedication of its workers.
Recourse: using something or someone as a way of getting help, especially in a difficult or dangerous situation
It is hoped that the dispute will be settled without recourse to litigation.
Route: a particular way or direction between places
The route we had planned took us right across Greece.
Rout: to defeat an enemy completely and force them to run away
The Russian chess team has routed all the rest.
Resister One who resist some change
Gandhi was a great resister of British imperialism.
Resistor a device having resistance to the passage of an electric current
Resistor are used to control the flow of the current.
Yew: an evergreen tree with flat leaves like needles and small red cones, or the wood from this tree
There is little sound except for the breeze stirring in the churchyard yew trees.
The leaves of yew trees are poisonous to cattle
Eue: Unable to find this word in dictionaries
An eue passed in his life which made him dull for a year
Yoke: a wooden bar which is fastened over the necks of two animals, especially cattle, and connected to the vehicle or
load that they are pulling, an oppressive power
In just a few weeks another 10 nations, many freed from the yoke of Communist oppression
People are still suffering under the yoke of slavery.
Yolk: the yellow, middle part of an egg
I like eggs lightly cooked so that the yolk is still runny.