GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC

BRAMHAPURI, DIST- CHANDRAPUR

Certificate
We are the students of third year Department of Electrical Engineering, Humbly
completed this micro project work for the time to time as describe in this report
by our own skill and study between the period from 2023- 2024. As per
instruction and guidance by Mr. T. H. Meshram and the student were
associate with us from this work however quantum of contribution has been
approved by the guide.

SUBMITTED BY :-
1. Vijay Sonoba Chahande ( 01 )
2. Rahul Gurudas Meshram ( 11 )
3. Krunal Manoj Walke ( 45 )

Date: /03 / 2024. Place: BRAMHAPURI

 PART A
Title of the micro project :
Prepare a report on implementation of SCADA system.

Aim Of The Micro Project :

To Prepare a report on implementation of SCADA system.

Course Outcome :
 Suggest the relevant IOT technologies for electrical systems.

Proposal Methodology :

1. We will discuss about project in classroom as well as on calls.

2. We will get more information from respective subject teacher, how to prepare project or
how to make its presentation with technical accuracy.
3. We will collect information about project from Google, Wikipedia. Discuss about
collected Information to make presentation.
4. We will collect money to perform further activities of project.
5. We will edit collected information on computer to prepare annexure-1A of the project.
6. We will show 1st edits information to respective subject teacher either is suitable for the
project 2nd annexure of the project.
7. We will make PDF of collect information about project.
8. We gathered at group members house for type and edit information.
9. We will print the edited information in suitable font, type, size and respective page no.
Action plan :-

Sr. Details of activity Plan start Plan finished Name of

No. date date responsible Team
members
1. Discuss about
topic with Everyone
group members

2. Collecting of
information by Rahul Meshram
reference books

3. Collection of more
information by Krunal Walke
using internet

4. Check the collect the

information from Everyone
subject
teacher

5. PDF the edited Vijay Chahande

information in
suitable
font size and
respective page
no.
Resources required :-
Sr. Name of resource Specification Quantity Remark
/ material
No.
1. Internet Gives As per Collecting
information required image

2. Laptop To edit Report

information of - making
this project

Name of the group members with roll no. :-

Sr. Name of students Roll no

No.
1. Vijay Sonoba Chahande 01

2. Rahul Gurudas Meshram 11

3. Krunal Manoj Walke 45

 PART B

Rational :-.
SCADA is a graphics and supervising the overall system in
substation and save the data. SCADA system continuously monitors the status of
various equipment’s in substation and accordingly sends control signals to the remote
control equipment’s. Also, it collects the historical data of the substation and generates
the alarms in the event of electrical accidents or faults.
SCADA is one of the major application areas of IOT. SCADA allows the centralized
monitoring And control of remote located generation and transmission systems. It
consists of sensors, Actuators, controllers and communication devices at the remote
field place, and central master Unit with communication systems at the controlling
side. It collects the data from sensors in the Field and provides a user interface in HMI
at central station. Also, it stores the time-stamped data For later analysis.

Aim of Micro Project :-

 To Prepare a report on implementation of SCADA system.

Course Outcome :-

 Suggest the relevant IOT technologies for electrical systems.

Literature review :-

The knowledge about the topic was collected by different sources such as different
reference books, YouTube videos, and also by different sites as well as different using
web links. Also we meet the subject teacher related with this topic and the
corresponding subject in our college, we got good information from our teacher. Also,
in class lecture our subject teacher T. H. Meshram Sir gives us information about
Prepare a report on implementation of SCADA system.
 Actual Methodology Followed :-
1. We will discuss about project in classroom as well as on calls.
2. We will get more information from respective subject teacher, how to prepare
project or how to make its presentation with technical accuracy.
3. we will collect information about project from Google, Wikipedia. Discuss about
collected Information to make presentation.
4. We will collect money to perform further activities of project.
5. We will edit collected information on computer to prepare annexure-1A of the
project.
6. we will show 1st edits information to respective subject teacher either is suitable for
the project 2nd annexure of the project.

7. we will make PDF of collect information about project.

8. We gathered at group members house for type and edit information.
9. We will print the edited information in suitable font, type, size and respective page
no

Required Resources :-

Sr. Names of Specification Quantity Remark

no resources
1 Text book SCADA control system security 1 Collecting
Author :- Robert Radvanovsky Information

2 Internet Network 1 Collecting

Information
4 Laptop Windows 10 HP laptop Ryzen 3 , 1 Editing
Ram -8 , Rom 1TB

What is SCADA
SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) is a category of software applications
for controlling industrial processes, which is the gathering of data in real time from
remote locations in order to control equipment and conditions.
 SCADA provides organizations with the tools needed to make and deploy data-driven
decisions regarding their industrial processes.
One of the most commonly used types of industrial control system, SCADA can be used
to manage almost any type of industrial process.
SCADA systems include hardware and software components. The hardware gathers and
feeds data into field controller systems, which forward the data to other systems that
process and present it to a human-machine interface (HMI) in a timely manner. SCADA
systems also record and log all events for reporting process status and issues. SCADA
applications warn when conditions become hazardous by sounding alarms.

Components of a SCADA system Sensors and

Actuators :-
A sensor is a feature of a device or system that detects inputs from industrial processes.
An actuator is a feature of the device or system that controls the mechanism of the
process. In simple terms, a sensor functions like a gauge or meter, which displays the
status of a machine; an actuator acts like a switch, dial or control valve that can be
used to control a device. Both sensors and actuators are controlled and monitored by
SCADA field controllers.
SCADA field controllers. :-
These interface directly with sensors and actuators. There are two categories of field
controllers:
• Remote telemetry units, also called remote terminal units (RTUs), interface with
sensors to collect telemetry data and forward it to a primary system for further
action.
• Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) interface with actuators to control
industrial processes, usually based on current telemetry collected by RTUs and
the standards set for the processes.

SCADA supervisory computers

These control all SCADA processes and are used to gather data from field devices and
to send commands to those devices to control industrial processes.

HMI software.
This provides a system that consolidates and presents data from SCADA field devices
and enables operators to understand and, if needed, modify the status of SCADA-
controlled processes.

Communication infrastructure.
This enables SCADA supervisory systems to communicate with field devices and
field controllers. This infrastructure enables SCADA systems to collect data from field
devices and to control those devices

Features of SCADA systems

Although SCADA systems may include special features for specific industries or
applications, most systems support the following features:-

Data acquisition is a foundation of SCADA systems; sensors collect data and deliver
it to field controllers, which, in turn, feed data to the SCADA computers.

Remote control is achieved through the control of field actuators, based on the data
acquired from field sensors.

Networked data communication enables all SCADA functions. Data collected from
sensors must be transmitted to SCADA field controllers, which, in turn, communicate
with the SCADA supervisory computers; remote control commands are transmitted
back to actuators from the SCADA supervisory computers.

Data presentation is achieved through HMIs, which represent current and historical
data to the operators running the SCADA system.

Real-time and historical data are both important parts of the SCADA system, as they
enable users to track current performance against historical trends.

Alarms alert SCADA operators to potentially significant conditions in the system.

Alerts can be configured to notify operators when processes are blocked, when
systems are failing, or when other aspects of SCADA processes need to be stopped,
started or adjusted.

Reporting on SCADA system operations can include reports on system status, process
performance and reports customized to specific uses

How does a SCADA system work?

The SCADA software receives the data collected from machinery, equipment and
devices and processes it. The data is then displayed on screens and dashboards often in
animated graphs, diagrams and images, so that operators know in real time what is
happening on the floor or in the field.

The operator can analyze this data to determine whether operations are running
optimally, or whether they need adjustment or urgent intervention. For example,
operators can use the SCADA system to change rates and settings, recalibrate
equipment or shut down a process altogether if necessary.
How many types of SCADA are there?
It is generally accepted there are four different types of SCADA or, in other words,
four generations of systems. These are:-

 Early or Monolithic SCADA systems (first generation) were independent, and not
connected to other systems. This limited their scope to tasks like monitoring
sensors and flagging emergencies.
 Distributed SCADA Systems (second generation) could control several systems.
 Networked SCADA systems (third generation) communicated through phone or
data lines, with fibre optics or internet used to transmit data
 Internet of Things SCADA systems (fourth generation)

Substation Control using SCADA

In substation automation system, SCADA performs the operations like bus voltage
control, bus load balancing, circulating current control, overload control, transformer
fault protection, bus fault protection, etc.
SCADA system continuously monitors the status of various equipment’s in substation
and accordingly sends control signals to the remote control equipment’s. Also, it
collects the historical data of the substation and generates the alarms in the event of
electrical accidents or faults.

The above figure shows the typical SCADA based substation control system. Various
input/output (I/O) modules connected to the substation equipment gathers the field
parameters data, including status of switches, circuit breakers, transformers, capacitors
and batteries, voltage and current magnitudes, etc. RTUs collect I/O data and transfers
to remote master unit via network interface modules.

The central control or master unit receives and logs the information, displays on HMI
and generate the control actions based on received data. This central controller also
responsible for generating trend analysis, centralized alarming, and reporting.

The data historian, workstations, master terminal unit and communications servers are
connected by LAN at the control center. A Wide Area Network (WAN) connection
with standard protocol communication is used to transfer the information between field
sites and central controller.

Thus, by implementing SCADA for substation control eventually improves the

reliability of the network and minimizes the downtime with high speed transfer of
measurements and control commands.
Industries using SCADA Systems
1. Manufacturing Plant
2. Water Systems
3. Power Distribution
4. Oil and Gas Systems
5. Food Production Systems
6. Renewable Energy

Benefits of the SCADA

Automation Manufacturing companies can use SCADA systems to:

1. Prevent Troubleshoot problems

2. Control equipment from anywhere
3. Reduce downtime
4. Reduce energy costs
5. Communications with valves, motors, and sensors through HMI software
6. Drive process improvements

7. Control factory processes locally or remotely

8. Shorten response times
9. Real-Time Data
10. Collect, monitor and analyse data

Drawbacks or disadvantages of SCADA

Following are the disadvantages of SCADA:
 PLC based SCADA system is complex in terms of hardware units and dependent
modules.
 As the system is complex, it requires skilled operators, analysts and programmers
to maintain SCADA system.
 Installation costs are higher.
 The system increases unemployment rates.
 The system supports use of restricted software and hardware equipments.
SCADA systems are used to control and monitor physical processes, examples of
which are transmission of electricity, transportation of gas and oil in pipelines, water
distribution, traffic lights, and other systems used as the basis of modern society.

Skill Developed :-

 It developed our self-management skills

 It developed our report writing skills
 It developed our special knowledge

Thank You