Textbook

Business
course
Pro
Boost your global business communication skills starting today!
Master everyday workplace conversations
by focusing on real-life situations and practical expressions.
Chapter I
Working on Projects
Unit 01
Announcing a New Project
Unit 02
Progress Update
Unit 03
Explaining Project Setbacks
Unit 04
Outsourcing
Unit 05
Reporting Success
Unit 06
Review – Working on Projects
Chapter I
Unit
01 Announcing
a New
Project
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to announce the start of
a new project and identify the objectives and timeline for the project using
new vocabulary and speech patterns.
큰일입니다. CEO님께서 신규 프로젝트를 하사하셨습니다. ‘헬스케어 산업에서의 거점 확보를

위해 새로운 스마트 의료장비를 개발하라!’ 30~40대를 주 고객층으로 한 이 의료장비는 사용자의
생체 정보를 모니터하고 데이터 통계를 의사와 공유할 수 있습니다. 기존 자사 보유 소프트웨어 및
기술 분석, 시장조사, 경쟁사 분석 등 빡빡한 일정이 예상되는 본 프로젝트를 3/4분기에 출시할 수
있도록 준비하라 하십니다. 큰 난항이 예상되는데요.
이 생생하고 짜릿한 감흥을 튜터와 함께 Dialogue에서 나누어 보겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
Check the definitions of today’s key terms and phrases
before practicing the dialogue.
medical device 의료 기기
get a foothold in ~에 거점을 확보하다
vital sign 맥박수, 혈압 등의 생체 징후
third quarter 3사분기
market demand 시장 수요
competitor product 경쟁업체의 상품
financial modeling 재무 모델링
prototype 견본
016 / Business course - Pro

Chapter I Working on Projects
Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T So, I hear you have a new project?
S Yes, we have a new smart medical device in the works. Our CEO would like us
to develop one to get a stronger foothold in the healthcare industry.
T What’s the scope of your project?
S We plan to design a product that monitors vital signs and other data in
a convenient way that can be shared with doctors. Our target is women and
men in their 30s and 40s.
T And what’s the timeframe for the project? Medical devices would be new for you,
right?
S Well, our CEO would like us to have the product ready for launch during the third
quarter, preferably August. It is a completely new business for us, so we have a lot of
groundwork to cover. First, we need to review our existing software and technology,
research market demands and competitor products and conduct some financial
modeling before developing our prototype.
T Sounds like a lot of work, but I have faith you’ll do a great job.
S Thanks. The schedule is a bit tight, but we might be able to do it if we work

around the clock.
Quiz
1. the desire for goods or services in an economy: ________ _________
2. sign of life; usually an indicator of a person’s general physical

condition: _______ _______
Answers │ market demand, vital sign
Unit 01 Announcing a New Project / 017

Before class 3
Key Expressions
Read aloud today’s key expressions and sentence examples.
1 We have a new smart medical device in the works.

in the works │ 진행 중인
- This time next year, hopefully we will have two or three new products in the works.
- I’ve been busy with so many projects that are currently in the works.
- I have a new book in the works; hopefully it will be published next year.
2 We have a lot of groundwork to cover.

groundwork to cover │ 기초 작업
- Before we start, we need to figure out the groundwork to cover.

- Our company will have a lot of groundwork to cover before we can launch this product.
- We have much groundwork to cover before we can test our prototype.
3 We might be able to do it if we work around the clock.

work around the clock│ 밤낮 없이 일하다
- We will have to work around the clock to meet tomorrow’s deadline.

- I’m so tired from working around the clock these past few days.
- Some professionals like emergency caretakers and lawyers work around the clock.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
Practice the dialogue with your tutor and answer the questions below.
T So, I hear you have a new project?
S Yes, we have a new smart medical device ___________(works). Our CEO would
like us to develop one to get a stronger foothold in the healthcare industry.
T What’s the scope of your project?
S We plan to design a product that monitors vital signs and other data in a
convenient way that can be shared with doctors. Our target is women and men in
their 30s and 40s.
T And what’s the timeframe for the project? Medical devices would be new for
you, right?
S Well, our CEO would like us to have the product ready for launch during the
third quarter, preferably August. It is a completely new business for us, so we
have a lot of _______________(groundwork). First, we need to review our
existing software and technology, research market demands and competitor
products and conduct some financial modeling before developing our prototype.
T Sounds like a lot of work, but I have faith you’ll do a great job.
S Thanks. The schedule is a bit tight, but we might be able to do it if we

__________________(clock).
Comprehension Check
1. What kind of new product are they planning to develop?
2. When will the product be ready for launch?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
Complete the following sentences by filling in the blanks
using the expressions in the hints.
1 Before we start, we need to figure out

the ____________________.
2 I’ve been busy with so many projects

that are currently _____________.
3 We will have to __________________ to

meet tomorrow’s deadline.
4 I’m so tired from __________________

these past few days.
5 I have a new book ____________; hopefully

it will be published next year..
6 We have much _________________ before

we can test our prototype.
HINTS
in the works, groundwork to cover, work around the clock

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Read the situation, answer the comprehension check questions,
and then complete the task. Try to use the key expressions in your response.
Situation Memo
You work at a cosmetics manufacturing - Scope : wrinkle reduction cream for women
company and just had a meeting with in their late 30s and over.
your boss. Your boss has asked you to - Timeline : by year-end
start a new project, which you now have - Initial action items : research competition and
to announce and explain to your team market conditions and prepare financial
members. models.
Step 1 Comprehension Check
1. What is the project?
2. When will the product be ready?
3. What do you need to work on first?
Step 2 Task
Describe to your team the scope of the new project, timeline and initial action items.
Sample Answer
We will have a new project in the works this quarter. We have to develop a wrinkle reduction
cream for women in their late 30s and over. Our goal is to finish by year-end, so we have a lot of
groundwork to cover and might need to work around the clock. First, we need to research competition
and market conditions and then prepare financial models for review.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
Discuss the following topics with the tutor.
Try to use the key expressions in your response.
1 What new project have you recently received?
2 What’s the scope of your project and timeline?
3 What types of tasks will you need to do to make

your project a success?

After class
Practice Sentences
Practice saying the following key sentences in English.
1. 현재 신규 스마트 의료 기기 개발이 진행 중입니다.
2. 준비작업으로 할 일이 많습니다.
3. 밤낮없이 일을 한다면 해낼 수 있을 것 같습니다.
Sample Answer
1. We have a new smart medical device in the works.
2. We have a lot of groundwork to cover.
3. We might be able to do it if we work around the clock.
Biz Plus - Terminology Biz Plus - Idioms

Business Meetings : by the book
set an agenda 안건을 정하다
정석대로
have a consensus 의견이 일치하다

Definition
convene a meeting to do something exactly as the rules tell
회의를 소집하다 you
adjourn a meeting
회의를 연기하다 Example
shelve a topic Companies today should do all business
주제에 대한 논의를 보류하다 by the book to avoid problems with
adopt resolutions 결의를 채택하다 regulatory agencies and audits.
have a quorum to vote

투표를 위한 정족수를 채우다

Chapter I
Unit
02 Progress
Update
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to provide a progress report
on works in progress using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
비즈니스 프로젝트가 계획대로 평탄하게 가는 경우는 없죠! 상대 회사에 적당한 계약 조건을 제시하고 답변을
기다리는 상황에서, 독점 공급권 부여와 같은 난항이 예상되는 남은 이슈와 더불어 다음 일정에 대해 CEO님
께 말씀 드립니다.
비장한 각오로 다음 주까지는 최종 합의안을 손에 들고 다시 보고를 올리겠다 약속 하는데요.

자세한 보고 상황을 튜터와 함께 Dialogue에서 살펴보도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
distribution rights 판매권
manufacturer 제조사
exclusive license 독점권
reach an agreement 합의에 이르다
term sheet 주요 거래조건 요약
final draft agreement 최종 합의서

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T So, what’s the status on negotiating distribution rights with PharmaCo?
S Well, we had a meeting this past Monday to discuss some outstanding issues on the
table. We proposed some terms that we think are reasonable and are now just waiting
for them to get back to us.
T What seems to be the issue?
S The manufacturer doesn’t want to give us an exclusive license in Korea. They’re

trying to play hardball, but our analysts have come up with pretty strong reasons why
it would be better to give us exclusive rights.
T When do you expect to hear back from them?
S We scheduled a meeting for next Monday, so hopefully we’ll square away any
remaining issues then.
T Perfect. Once you reach an agreement, I want a copy of the term sheet for
review before signing the contract.
S Of course. I’ll report back with the term sheet and the final draft agreement
as soon as both are ready. That should be sometime at the end of next week.
Quiz
1. a legal agreement that allows a person or company to sell another company’s products
or services in a particular area or country : __________ __________
2. a document outlining the material terms and conditions of a business

agreement : _______ _______
Answers │ distribution rights, term sheet
Unit 02 Progress Update / 025

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
We had a meeting this past Monday to discuss some
outstanding issues on the table.
outstanding issues on the table│ 두드러진 논점
- We have to settle all outstanding issues on the table before we can proceed with the project.
- We won’t be able to address all the outstanding issues on the table by the deadline.
- Are there any outstanding issues on the table?
2 They’re trying to play hardball.

play hardball│ 강경한 입장을 취하다, 목적을 위해 수단을 가리지 않고 적극적으로
행동하다
- If we want to get a good deal, we’ll have to play hardball.

- The other party is playing hardball, so negotiations have been difficult.
- In business, you have to play hardball to stay ahead of the game.
3 Hopefully we’ll square away any remaining issues then.

square away│ 없애다, 정리하다
- Did you square away all the remaining issues regarding the project launch?
- We need to square away this last item before we can start the next phase of the project.
- If this issue isn’t squared away, we will have a few problems meeting our deadline.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T So, what’s the status on negotiating distribution rights with PharmaCo?
S Well, we had a meeting this past Monday to discuss some

_____________________(outstanding, table). We proposed some terms that
we think are reasonable and are now just waiting for them to get back to us.
T What seems to be the issue?
S The manufacturer doesn’t want to give us an exclusive license in Korea. They’re

trying to _____________(play), but our analysts have come up with pretty
strong reasons why it would be better to give us exclusive rights.
T When do you expect to hear back from them?
S We scheduled a meeting for next Monday, so hopefully we’ll

______________(square) any remaining issues then.
T Perfect. Once you reach an agreement, I want a copy of the term sheet for review
before signing the contract.
S Of course. I’ll report back with the term sheet and the final draft agreement as
soon as both are ready. That should be sometime at the end of next week.
Comprehension Check
1. What was the purpose of the meeting?
2. What is the issue?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 If we want to get a good deal, we’ll have to

____________.
2 We won’t be able to address all the

_____________________ by the deadline.
3 Are there any _____________________?
4 Did you _____________ all the remaining issues

regarding the project launch?
5 In business, you have to _____________ to stay ahead

of the game.
6 If this issue isn’t ____________, we will have a few

problems meeting our deadline.
HINTS
outstanding issues on the table, play hardball, square away

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Completed tasks : analyzed market demand
You are reporting to your boss, giving
for hardware specifications; surveyed available
him a status update on the development technology; finalized product specifications.
of your company’s newest ultrabook.
- Remaining action items : currently negotiating
with suppliers for hardware components; price is
an issue; assemble prototype for testing and
launch.
- Expected completion date : third quarter this
year.
1. What tasks have been completed?
2. What actions need to be taken?
3. When will the product be ready for launch?
Step 2 Task
Give your boss a status update on the project. Explain which issues have been
resolved, what remains to be done, and when you expect to complete all of these
tasks.
Sample Answer
We finished analyzing market demands for hardware specifications and surveyed components we could
use for our new product. We finalized product specifications and are now in the process of negotiating
with suppliers for components. There are still some outstanding issues on the table to be negotiated. The
processor manufacturer is playing hardball, but we think we will get a good price. If all goes well, we can
expect to complete a prototype, test it and launch the final product before fall.
1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 What is the status of one of your current projects?
2 What is left to be done on your project, and what

resources will you need to perform these remaining
tasks?
3 By when do you expect to finish the project?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 지난 월요일에 몇 가지 두드러진 논점에 관해 논의하기 위하여 회의를 진행했습니다.
2. 그들은 강경한 입장을 취하고 있습니다.
3. 그때가 되면 남은 이슈들을 처리할 수 있을 것으로 기대합니다.
Sample Answer
1. We had a meeting this past Monday to discuss some outstanding issues on the table.
2. They’re trying to play hardball.
3. Hopefully we’ll square away any remaining issues then.
Biz Plus - Terminology Biz Plus - Grammar & Usage

Business-related acronyms in informal Answering negative questions and “do
electronic communications : you mind” questions
FYI - for your information
1. If someone asks a question in the negative,
참고로
and you agree with the negative statement, in
ASAP - as soon as possible English, we answer “No.”
가능한 한 빨리
2. Koreans tend to say “Yes,” because that is
YW - you're welcome
the normal response in Korean. However, that
천만에요 is confusing to native English speakers.
COB - close of business
사업의 종결 3. Similarly, with the question, “Do you mind if
X,” if you do not mind, the answer should be,
TBD - to be determined “No, I don’t mind,” or “No, go ahead.” If you
추후 결정 answer “Yes,” then you are actually saying
you do mind!
TBA - to be advised
추후 공고
e.g., Q: You didn’t eat breakfast?
RFP - request for proposal A : (if you didn’t eat breakfast) No, I didn’t.
제안 요청서 A2 : (if you did eat breakfast) Yes, I did.

Chapter I
Unit
03 Explaining
Project
Setbacks
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to discuss project setbacks and propose
solutions using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
CEO님이 제일 싫어하는 프로젝트 변수 1순위, Delay! 무조건 막아야 합니다. 도급 업체로부터

지난 몇 주간의 악천후로 인해 프로젝트 기한을 연장해 달라고 요청이 왔습니다. 주식 상장 평가를
앞두고 있는 상황에서 기한 연장은 용납되지 않죠. 추가 비용이 발생하더라도 연장 근무를 요청해서
이번 프로젝트를 반드시 마무리해야 한다고 설명해야 합니다.
이와 같은 상황에서 자신감을 잃지 않도록 핵심 표현들을 연습해 보세요.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
contractor 계약자 (계약대상, 계약업체)
IPO (Initial Public Offering) 기업공개
work overtime 추가 근무하다
expenditure 지출
have no choice 선택의 여지가 없다
at this point 현 시점에서는

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T What’s going on?
S Our original deadline for completing this project was at the end of the month, but it
seems like we’re going to have to push back the deadline.
T Why? What happened?
S Well, it seems that due to the horrible weather we’ve been having the past few weeks,
the contractors have had to delay their work. They won’t be able to finish by the end
of the month as originally planned.
T How much of a delay are we talking about?
S The problem is that we don’t have much wiggle room with the deadline. Our CEO
insists we complete the project by the end of the month or it might hurt our IPO
valuation.
T Hmm. That is a problem.
S I suppose we’ll need to ask the contractor to work overtime and pay the extra cost.
This will increase our expenditures by 3%, but we have no choice at this point. It’s
best to have this project finished on time, no matter the cost.
T I agree.
Quiz
1. a person or firm that contracts to supply materials or labor, especially for construction
work: ________
2. the first scale of stock by a company to the public: ______
Answers │ contractor, IPO (Initial Public Offering)
Unit 03 Explaining Project Setbacks / 033

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
It seems like we’re going to have to push back the deadline.
push back the deadline │ 마감일정을 미루다
- Our product development team asked to push back the deadline because of some technical difficulties.
- Because of these setbacks, we might need to push back the deadline.
- Our suppliers are having some problems at their factory, so we will have to push back the
deadline for building our prototype.
2
The problem is that we don’t have much wiggle room
with the deadline.
don’t have much wiggle room│ 선택의 여지가 없다
- Our manager wants to add more to the layout, but we don’t have much wiggle room to fit
everything neatly.
- We don’t have much wiggle room with the budget, but perhaps we can find some
substitutes to help lower costs.
- The hardware specifications of our new product give us little wiggle room to make too
many changes to the types of software we can use.
3 It’s best to have this project finished on time, no matter the

cost.
no matter the cost│ 비용이 얼마가 들더라도
- We’ll have to do whatever it takes, no matter the cost, to meet the deadline.
- Our boss was clear. No matter the cost, he wants our product to be number one in sales this year.
- Even though we have to pay the construction workers overtime, no matter the cost, we
must finish by the end of the month.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T What’s going on?
S Our original deadline for completing this project was at the end of the month, but
it seems like we’re going to have to _______________________(deadline).
T Why? What happened?
S Well, it seems that due to the horrible weather we’ve been having the past few
weeks, the contractors have had to delay their work. They won’t be able to finish
by the end of the month as originally planned.
T How much of a delay are we talking about?
S The problem is that we _______________________(wiggle) with the deadline.

Our CEO insists we complete the project by the end of the month or it might hurt
our IPO valuation.
T Hmm. That is a problem.
S I suppose we’ll need to ask the contractor to work overtime and pay the extra
cost. This will increase our expenditures by 3%, but we have no choice at this
point. It’s best to have this project finished on time, _________________(cost).
T I agree.
Comprehension Check
1. What is the cause of the delay?
2. What option do they have to avoid the delay in their project?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 We’ll have to do whatever it takes, ______________,

to meet the deadline.
2 Our product development team asked to

_____________ because of some technical difficulties.
3 Our manager wants to add more to the layout,

but we ________________ to fit everything neatly.
4 Our boss was clear. _________________, he wants

our product to be number one in sales this year.
5 We _____________ with the budget, but perhaps

we can find some substitutes to help lower costs.
6 Because of these setbacks, we might need to

__________________.
HINTS
push back the deadline, don’t have much wiggle room, no matter the cost

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Situation : The supplier cannot meet next
You are working on a project that is due
week’s deadline because of bad weather.
next Friday. Due to bad weather in your
- Option : Other suppliers can fill the order by
supplier’s country, the shipment of
your current deadline, but more expensive.
some equipment you need will be
- Solution : use substitute supplier.
delayed.
1. What is the problem?
2. What options are available?
3. What would be your solution?
Step 2 Task
Update your team manager on the problem, possible solutions, and what the new
deadline might look like.
Sample Answer
Our supplier just told us that there will be a delay in shipping our equipment by next week because of bad
weather in their country. Other suppliers can fill our order in time, but they are more expensive. Since we
don’t have much wiggle room to push back the deadline, we will need to use a substitute supplier, no
matter the cost.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Have you ever had a major project setback?

If so, what project were you working on, and
what was the setback?
2 How did you solve the problem?
3 Could the setback have been avoided?

If so, what would you do differently the next time
you have a similar project?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 마감일정을 늦춰야 할 것으로 보입니다.
2. 문제는 저희에게 마감일정에 대한 선택의 여지가 없다는 것입니다.
3. 비용이 얼마가 들더라도 프로젝트를 기한 내에 마치는 것이 가장 좋습니다.
Sample Answer
1. It seems like we’re going to have to push back the deadline.
2. The problem is that we don’t have much wiggle room with the deadline.
3. It’s best to have this project finished on time, no matter the cost.
Project management : back to the drawing board

statement of work 다시 원점으로 돌아가다
작업 명세서
scope creep Definition
범위 추가 (공식적인 계약 변경 없이 은근하게 업 back to the beginning because the
무에 추가하는 것) current attempt was unsuccessful
change request
변경 요청 Example
ad hoc 임시 Our CEO changed the scope of our
project yet again, so it’s back to the
deliverable 결과물
drawing board to come up with a new
float (slack) 여유 기간 strategy.
cost overrun 비용 초과

Chapter I
Unit
04 Outsourcing
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to discuss projects with
outsourced vendors and suppliers using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
타 부서도 아니고 다른 회사와 일해야 하는 대표적인 케이스인 Outsourcing! 서로 같은 상황을

공유하고 있는지 확인하려면 제안서, 작업기술서 등을 꼼꼼하게 체크하는 것이 기본입니다.
하지만, 이런 기본 사항들을 체크했어도 변수는 항상 발생하는 법.
프로젝트가 계획대로 진행되고 있는지, 변경 사항은 없는지 수시로 확인해야 안전합니다.
오늘은 어떻게 하면 영어로 이런 사항들을 명확하게 이야기할 수 있는지 확실히 익혀보도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
proposal 제안
scope of work 작업 범위
keep on track with 일정에 맞게 순조롭게 진행하다
go live 서비스를 시작하다
request for proposal (RFP) 제안 요청서
be in good hands 잘 처리해줄 수 있는 사람들에게 일이 맡겨지다

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S Thanks for taking the time to meet with us today. We really liked your proposal
and look forward to working with you.
T Thank you for giving us the opportunity to showcase our talents.
S Let’s review the statement of work to confirm points so that we’re all on the same
page. In particular, I’d like to focus on the scope of work.
T Sure.
S This project is urgent, so we need a quick turnaround on setting up our website. Will
you be able to keep on track with the timeline outlined in the SOW (scope of work),
or would you be able to finish ahead of schedule?
T The timeline looks reasonable. If there aren’t too many change requests, we might be
able to finish early.
S That would be wonderful. Our goal is to have the site go live as soon as possible.
As for the budget, your proposal is fine. Please alert us right away if you foresee any
significant changes.
T Of course. As mentioned in our response to your RFP (request for proposal), we have
a highly experienced and dedicated team for this project. You’re in good hands.
Quiz
1. the division of work to be performed under a contract or subcontract in the completion
of a project: _______ __ _____
2. a document that an organization posts to elicit bids from potential

vendors: ______ ___ _______
Answers │ scope of work, request for proposal
Unit 04 Outsourcing / 041

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
Let’s review the statement of work to confirm points so
that we’re all on the same page.
on the same page │ 같은 상황을 공유하다
- I want to make sure we’re all on the same page with all the conditions of the agreement.
- We need to be on the same page with cost expectations.
- Are we on the same page?
2 This project is urgent, so we need a quick turnaround on

setting up our website.
quick turnaround │ 빠른 처리
- Can we expect a quick turnaround on this project?

- We have a tight deadline; can you make a quick turnaround?
- Thanks for the quick turnaround on completing the coding for the software.
3 Would you be able to finish ahead of schedule?

ahead of schedule │ 예정보다 앞서서
- We worked overnight, so we should be done ahead of schedule.

- We will be ahead of schedule, so hopefully we can start the next phase soon.
- If we are ahead of schedule, then we can relax a bit before proceeding with the next
segment.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S Thanks for taking the time to meet with us today.

We really liked your proposal and look forward to working with you.
T Thank you for giving us the opportunity to showcase our talents.
S Let’s review the statement of work to confirm points so that we’re all
______________(page). In particular, I’d like to focus on the scope of work.
T Sure.
S This project is urgent, so we need a _________________(turnaround) on setting

up our website. Will you be able to keep on track with the timeline outlined in
the SOW (scope of work), or would you be able to finish
_______________(schedule)?
T The timeline looks reasonable. If there aren’t too many change requests, we
might be able to finish early.
S That would be wonderful. Our goal is to have the site go live as soon as possible.
As for the budget, your proposal is fine. Please alert us right away if you foresee
any significant changes.
T Of course. As mentioned in our response to your RFP (request for proposal), we

have a highly experienced and dedicated team for this project. You’re in good
hands.
Comprehension Check
1. What does the winning bidder have to work on?
2. What does the winning bidder say about the schedule?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 We need to be _______________ with

cost expectations.
2 We worked overnight, so we should be

done ____________.
3 Can we expect a ______________ on

this project?
4 We have a tight deadline; can you make

a ______________?
5 We will be ______________, so hopefully

we can start the next phase soon.
6 Are we ___________________?
HINTS
on the same page, quick turnaround, ahead of schedule

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Scope of work : SEO (search engine
You have a meeting with the winning
optimization) to increase online marketing;
bidder of your RFP (request for proposal) provide monthly reports.
for online marketing.
- Timeline : 6 months to complete.
- Budget : unless a significant change request is
made, budget is final and cannot be modified.
1. What is the winning bidder of your RFP required to do?
2. What is the timeline of the project?
3. What are the terms for the budget?
Step 2 Task
At the meeting, discuss the scope of work, timeline and budget with your
outsourcing provider.
Sample Answer
Thanks for meeting with us. We would like to review the SOW so that we’re all on the same page. Ideally,
we would like to have the SEO for our website completed within 6 months. Please provide us with
monthly reports to update us on the progress and let us know if there are any big changes that we need to
make to the SEO. Our budget is fixed, so if we need to modify things, we need to know in advance.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 What types of outsourcing does your company use?

Why?
2 Have you found their services useful?
3 Have you had any issues with your providers’ staying

on schedule?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 작업 명세서를 검토하여 저희가 이해하고 있는 것이 같은지 확인합시다.
2. 이 프로젝트는 빠른 시일 내에 완료되어야 하기 때문에 웹사이트 제작에 대한 빠른 처리가

필요합니다.
3. 마감일정 이전에 완료하실 수 있나요?
Sample Answer
1. Let’s review the statement of work to confirm points so that we’re all on the same page.
2. This project is urgent, so we need a quick turnaround on setting up our website.
3. Would you be able to finish ahead of schedule?

Contractual terms : Participle Adjectives
breach 위반 1. Many adjectives are formed using the –ed or –ing form
of verbs. These are participle adjectives. However, you
termination 만료
have to be careful which form you use when describing
default 불이행 yourself versus other nouns.
damages 손해배상금 2. Verb+ –ed is used to describe the noun that is

EXPERIENCING the emotion. For example, “I am bored,”
disclaimer
means I have nothing to do, and “I am interested,” means
권리포기각서, (책임, 연루 등에 대한) 부인 I want to know more about something.
liability 법적 책임
3. Verb + –ing is used to describe the CAUSE of the
indemnity (손해, 손실에 대한 법적) 보장, 배상 emotion. For example, “She is boring,” means that I don’t
find her fun, and “That is interesting,” means I want to
know more about it.
4. The problem comes when saying, “I am boring.” This

means that I think I am not a fun person. “I am interesting,”
means that I think other people would want to know more
about me or I think that I am very cool.

Chapter I
Unit
05 Reporting
Success
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to discuss preliminary research
results and advice for next steps using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
모바일 비즈니스 솔루션, 요즘 어디서나 다 만들지만, 모두 다 쓸만한 건 아니죠. 그런데 우리가 만든

솔루션의 베타테스트 결과 긍정적 피드백이 89%로 나왔습니다. 프로젝트가 거의 성공했다고 결과를
자신해도 될 것 같지만 남은 11%를 간과할 수 없습니다.
그럼 분기 말 솔루션 출시를 목표로 남은 이슈들을 해결하기 위해 힘을 합쳐 공을 굴려보도록 할까요?
Before class 1
Vocabulary
coding 코딩. 정보의 부호화
beta testing 출시를 앞둔 제품의 사용자 테스트
functionality 기능성
user-friendly 사용자 친화적인
integrated 통합된
intradepartmental 부서 내의

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S Good morning, everyone. Today, we’d like to update you on the mobile business
solutions software we’ve been developing.
T Where exactly are you in development?
S We’ve finished coding and actually concluded beta testing with 300 participants from
within our company and also some clients. So far, the feedback has been positive.
Eighty-nine percent of the testers reported being satisfied with the functionality of the
software.
T That’s wonderful. What did they say?
S Testers found the interface user-friendly, and they liked the fact that it is well
integrated with many other applications they use. However, there are a few issues we
need to iron out. Hopefully, with your cooperation, we will be able to finalize our
product for launch by the end of this quarter.
T Just let us know how we can help you get there.
S We’re currently finalizing the list of issues to resolve. Once we are done, we’ll contact
each of your departments to get the ball rolling on fixing these problems.
T Great.
Quiz
1. a pilot
-test of a new product before its commercial release, conducted by testers other
than its developers: ______ ________
2. easy to use or understand: _____

-_______
Answers │ beta testing, user-friendly
Unit 05 Reporting Success / 049

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 So far, the feedback has been positive.

feedback has been positive │ 평가가 긍정적이었다
- We’ve received a lot of positive feedback on the new items we’ve included on our menu.
- The feedback on the latest update to our software has been positive.
- The feedback has been overwhelmingly positive regarding the upgrade to our website
functionality.
2 There are a few things we need to iron out.

iron out │ 없애다, 해결하다
- The latest reports show that we have a few things we need to iron out with our software
before launch.
- We only have a few items to iron out, and then we should be done with the project.
- Make sure the compliance department irons out those problems before we move on with
the project.
3 We’ll contact each of your departments to

get the ball rolling on fixing these problems.
get the ball rolling on │ ~에 대한 일을 시작하다
- Let’s get the ball rolling on developing a new -friendly

user platform for our software.
- We need to get the ball rolling on this construction project.
- It’s time to get the ball rolling on all of our goals for this year.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S Good morning, everyone. Today, we’d like to update you on the mobile business
solutions software we’ve been developing.
T Where exactly are you in development?
S We’ve finished coding and actually concluded beta testing with 300 participants
from within our company and also some clients. So far, the
_______________(feedback). Eighty-nine percent of the testers reported being
satisfied with the functionality of the software.
T That’s wonderful. What did they say?
S Testers found the interface user-friendly, and they liked the fact that it is well
integrated with many other applications they use. However, there are a few
issues we need to _________(iron). Hopefully, with your cooperation, we will be
able to finalize our product for launch by the end of this quarter.
T Just let us know how we can help you get there.
S We’re currently finalizing the list of issues to resolve. Once we are done, we’ll
contact each of your departments to _______________(ball) fixing these
problems.
T Great.
Comprehension Check
1. What are they developing?
2. What were the results of the beta testing?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 The latest reports show that we have a few things

we need to ______ with our software before launch.
2 We need to _______________ this

construction project.
3 We only have a few items to _________, and then

we should be done with the project.
4 The _____________ overwhelmingly _______

regarding the upgrade to our website functionality.
5 It’s time to _______________ all of our goals

for this year.
6 The _______ on the latest update to

our software _____________.
HINTS
feedback has been positive, iron out, get the ball rolling on

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Scope of test : sampling in Sinchon using over
You are at an intradepartmental meeting
200 college students; surveys provided for them
to update everyone on the progress of to complete.
developing a new line of potato chips.
- Feedback from testers : generally positive;
the salty and sweet combination was popular.
- Issues to resolve : many complaints about
difficulty in opening the package.
1. Where and to whom did they conduct the sampling?
2. What were the results of the test?
3. What are the issues that need to be resolved?
Step 2 Task
Update the progress of the project at the meeting. Describe to them the recent
taste tests you conducted, and the feedback you received. Identify any issues
that need to be resolved and what needs to be done to fix those problems.
Sample Answer
Recently, we conducted some food tastings on our new line of chips in Sinchon and gave samples to over
200 college students. They completed surveys, and the feedback was generally positive. Most of them
like the salty and sweet combination of flavors. However, many complained about difficulty in opening
the package. We will need your help in redesigning the packaging.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 What type of results have you received on

a project on which you have been working?
2 What was most common feedback given

regarding these results?
3 Was there any negative feedback?

How do you plan to address those issues?
Will you need help from other departments?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 현재까지는 평가가 긍정적이었습니다.
2. 해결해야 할 이슈들이 몇 가지 있습니다.
3. 문제 해결을 위한 조치를 시작할 수 있도록 각 부서에 연락을 취하겠습니다.
Sample Answer
1. So far, the feedback has been positive.
2. There are a few things we need to iron out.
3. We’ll contact each of your departments to get the ball rolling on fixing these problems.

Financial performance : ahead of the curve
in the black (making profit) 시대에 앞서가는
흑자상태의
in the red (deficit)
Definition
적자상태의
at the forefront of recent developments,
bottom line (total on a balance sheet) trends, etc.
총결산
write off (cancel a debt on the records) Example
대손상각 Our company always monitors industry
break even (no profit or loss) 손익분기점 trends to stay ahead of the curve.
face value (the official value) 액면 가격
close the books

(end a bookkeeping period) 결산하다
budget crunch
(not enough money in budget) 예산 부족

Chapter I
Unit
Review
06 Working Goal
By the end of this lesson,
on students will be able to

discuss via telephone
various matters related
Projects to existing
or upcoming projects
using vocabulary
and speech patterns
studied during
this chapter.
Before class
Key Expressions
Read today’s key expressions and sentence examples.
1 We have a new smart medical device in the works.

in the works │ 진행 중인
- This time next year, hopefully we will have two or three new products in the works.
- I’ve been busy with so many projects that are currently in the works.
- I have a new book in the works; hopefully it will be published next year.
2 It seems like we’re going to have to push back the deadline.

push back the deadline │ 마감 일정을 미루다
- Our product development team asked to push back the deadline because of some technical
difficulties.
- Because of these setbacks, we might need to push back the deadline.
- Our suppliers are having some problems at their factory, so we will have to push back the
deadline for building our prototype.
3
This project is urgent, so we need a quick turnaround
on setting up our website.
quick turnaround│ 빠른 처리
- Can we expect a quick turnaround on this project?
- We have a tight deadline, can you make a quick turnaround?
- Thanks for the quick turnaround on completing the coding for the software.

1:1 Practice 1
Role Play
Read the situation and role play the following tasks with the tutor.
Situation Roles
You work in customer service at a credit card Student
company CashOnTheGo Ltd. Your boss has Name: Your name
asked you to prepare a report analyzing Company: CashOnTheGo Ltd.
(credit card company)
customer care performance this past quarter. Title: Manager of Customer Service
Before you update your boss, you need to Tutor
contact your company’s call center Name : Mr. Jones [Tasks 1 and 2];
outsourcing provider to ask for an update on Secretary [Task 3]
the call center’s data collection. You call Mr. Company : Customer Care OutsourcingCo
Jones to discuss this project.
Task 1
Task 1
- Call Mr. Jones.
- Greetings; small talk (weather).
- Ask for update on collecting call center data.
- Situation: unexpected delay in schedule.
- Emphasize that this is an urgent project.
Task 2 Task 2
- Call Mr. Jones.

- Situation: Mr. Jones picks up the phone but needs to step out
to a meeting.
- Quickly explain why you called (to discuss call center
data analysis).
- Ask when to call back.
Task 3 Task 3
- Call Mr. Jones.

- Situation: Mr. Jones is out of the office. Secretary answers.
- Ask when Mr. Jones will return and to leave Mr. Jones a
message.
Unit 06 Review – Working on Projects / 057

1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 Have you ever encountered any issues with

outsourcing? What types of issues did you have?
How have they been resolved?
2 Have you experienced any unexpected delays

with your projects? How have you handled them?
3 What types of updates do you generally have to give

regarding your projects? How often do you give them,
and what type of feedback do you usually receive?

After class
Biz Plus
Grammar & Usage
“Ask someone” / “talk to someone”
1. It is “ask someone to do something”

or “ask someone about something,” but
never “ask TO someone,” e.g., “I will
ask my boss if we can move the
meeting to tomorrow,” and not “I will
ask to my boss if we can move the
meeting to tomorrow.
2. The verb “talk” can take the “The best way to predict the future is to
prepositions “to” or “with.” Using “to” invent it." -Alan Kay
suggests a formal situation in which a
higher-ranking person may be
criticizing or giving instructions to a “Before you are a leader, success is all
junior person, e.g., “I will talk to my about growing yourself. When you
staff today.” “With” implies a become a leader, success is all about
discussion in a less formal situation,
growing others.” -Jack Welch
e.g., “I talked with Joe about his trip.”
“Don't be afraid to give up the good to

go for the great.” -John D. Rockefeller
"The key to successful leadership today

is influence, not authority."
-Ken Blanchard
“It is our choices that show what we

truly are, far more than our abilities.”
-J. K Rowling
Unit 06 Review – Working on Projects / 059

Business
course
Pro
Chapter II
Socializing
Unit 07
Meeting People for the First Time
Unit 08
Introducing Your Company
Unit 09
Catching up with Others
Unit 10
Making, Accepting and Declining
Unit 11
Telling a Story
Unit 12
Review – Socializing
Chapter II
Unit
07 Meeting
People for
the First Time
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to introduce themselves in
casual business and social settings using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
비즈니스 컨퍼런스 같은 곳에 가면 시제품, 프레젠테이션 등 흥미로운 것들이 한 두 가지가 아닙니다. 그래

도 가장 눈에 띄는 것은 바로 참석자들이죠. 우연히 만난 어떤 사람과의 대화에서 생각하지
못했던 비즈니스 기회가 만들어질 수도 있습니다. 어색한 건 누구나 마찬가지. 하지만 자신과 회사를 웃는
얼굴로 자신 있게 소개할 수 있도록 표현을 미리 연습해 둔다면 큰 도움이 되겠죠?
Before class 1
Vocabulary
be in for a treat 좋아할만한 것이 있다
Technology Advisor 기술 자문
in charge of ~를 담당하는
software development 소프트웨어 개발
based in ~에 본사를 둔

Before class
Chapter II Socializing
2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S What do you think of the conference so far?
T Oh, it’s wonderful. There are so many great new products to see.
S Yes, some of the prototypes are amazing, and the presentations have been interesting.
It’s even better than the past few years. Have you been to any of the past ones?
T No, this is my first time, actually.
S Well, you’re in for a treat. I’m sorry. Allow me to introduce myself. I’m Jay Kim.
I work at the Korean company FastTradingCo as a Technology Advisor.
T Pleased to meet you. I’m Mary Thompson. I’m in charge of software development at
BestMobileCo based in Los Angeles.
S Oh, welcome to Korea! Is this your first time here?
T Yes it is. I’ve heard so much about Seoul, and now, I finally get the chance to be here.
S If you have some time, definitely walk around the city. The city is filled with many
interesting sites, both traditional and modern.
T I definitely plan on it!
Quiz
1. who advises businesses on how best to use technology to meet their business
objectives: __________ _______
2. having the care or supervision of: ___ ________ ___
Answers │ Technology Advisor, in charge of
Unit 07 Meeting People for the First Time / 063

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I’m sorry. Allow me to introduce myself.

allow me to introduce myself │ 제 소개를 해드리겠습니다
- Please allow me to introduce myself. I’m Jane Cho.

- Allow me to introduce myself. I’m Mark Lee.
- Forgive me. Allow me to introduce myself. I’m Helen Park.
2 I work at the Korean company FastTradingCo

as a Technology Advisor.
I work at ~ as a ~ │ 저는 ~에서 ~로 일하고 있습니다
- I work at the Korean law firm BigLaw

LLP as a Commercial Litigator.
- I work atStarJets as a Pilot.
- I used to work at
CryoLabs as a Research Technician.
3 Pleased to meet you.

pleased to meet you │ 만나서 반갑습니다
- Pleased to meet you. I’m Sarah Johnson.

- Hi Sue. Pleased to meet you.
- Thomas, pleased to meet you. I’m Alan Lee.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S What do you think of the conference so far?
T Oh, it’s wonderful. There are so many great new products to see.
S Yes, some of the prototypes are amazing, and the presentations have been
interesting. It’s even better than the past few years. Have you been to any of
the past ones?
T No, this is my first time, actually.
S Well, you’re in for a treat. I’m sorry. __________________(introduce). I’m Jay

Kim. __________(work) the Korean company FastTradingCo ______
Technology Advisor.
T ________________(pleased). I’m Mary Thompson. I’m in charge of software

development at BestMobileCo based in Los Angeles.
S Oh, welcome to Korea! Is this your first time here?
T Yes it is. I’ve heard so much about Seoul, and now, I finally get the chance
to be here.
S If you have some time, definitely walk around the city. The city is filled with
many interesting sites, both traditional and modern.
T I definitely plan on it!
Comprehension Check
1. Where are they?
2. Where do Jay and Mary work at?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 I _________ StarJets ____ Pilot.
2 Hi Sue. __________ meet you.
3 Please __________ introduce myself.

I’m Jane Cho.
4 ______________ introduce myself.

I’m Mark Lee.
5 _____________ meet you.

I’m Sarah Johnson.
6 I used to _______ CryoLabs ______

Research Technician.
HINTS
allow me to, work at ~ as a, pleased to

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You are attending an international - Ask the foreigner about the conference :
business conference in Seoul and are previous visits; opinion.
waiting for the next presentation to begin. - Your opinion of conference : long waits
You are seated next to a foreigner and between presentations; topics are interesting.
want to start up a conversation while - Introduction : name; job; title.
waiting. - Recommendations for sightseeing : Insa-dong,
Gyeongbokgung, Bukchon.
1. Where are you?
2. What do you think about the conference?
3. What are some good places you recommend for sightseeing?
Step 2 Task
Introduce yourself and talk about the conference and sightseeing around Seoul.
Sample Answer
That last presentation was interesting, but the wait between meetings is a bit long, don’t you think?
Have you been to conferences before? Sorry. Let me introduce myself. I’m Joseph Park. I work at the
Korean luxury goods company LuxRUs as a Strategic Buyer. If you have some spare time before you
leave, make sure to visit Insa-dong, Gyeongbokgung and Bukchon.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Have you attended any business conferences lately?

What do you typically do there?
2 What did you think of the last conference you

attended? Why?
3 What places would you recommend to a foreigner

visiting Seoul for business?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 죄송합니다, 제 소개를 해드려야겠군요.
2. 저는 FastTradingCo라는 한국 회사에서 기술자문으로 일하고 있습니다.
3. 만나서 반갑습니다.
Sample Answer
1. I’m sorry, allow me to introduce myself.
2. I work at the Korean company FastTradingCo as a Technology Advisor.
3. Pleased to meet you.
Reading financial statements: from the ground up

tangible and intangible assets 처음(시작)부터
유형 및 무형 자산
cash and cash equivalents Definition
현금 및 현금등가물 from the very beginning
accounts receivable and inventory
매출채권 및 재고(자산) Example
liabilities 부채 The founder of our company is truly
remarkable because he built this
P&L statement (profit and loss statement)
business from the ground up.
손익계산서
debt-to-equity ratio 부채비율
working capital 유동자산

income and cash flow statement
손익계산서 및 현금흐름표
balance sheet 대차대조표

Chapter II
Unit
08 Introducing
Your
Company
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to describe their companies’ lines
of business using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
비즈니스 미팅에서 빠질 수 없는 회사 소개! 미리 준비하지 않으면 서로 의미 없는 미소만 나누며

비싼 한정식만 먹고 끝나기 마련입니다. 주요 사업 분야, 시장 인지도, R&D 규모 및 포부 등을
구체적으로 설명할 수 있다면 어떤 미팅에서든 성공할 수 있겠죠?
그럼 튜터와의 실전 연습을 통해 언제 어디서든 자신 있게 회사 소개를 할 수 있도록 연습해 봅시다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
pharmaceutical drug 의약품
domestic market 국내 시장
expand overseas 해외로 진출하다
potential growth 잠재 성장력
R&D (Research and Development) 연구 개발
total revenue 총 수익
final phase 최종 단계
highly competitive 경쟁력 높은

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S Shall I give you a quick tour of our offices before we sit down to our meeting?
T That would be great.
S As you may already know, our core business focuses on the development, production
and marketing of a broad range of pharmaceutical drugs.
T Yes, our company is very much interested in distributing your products.
S Currently, we’re a major player in the domestic market, with limited presence in the
global market. We have several franchises located in Korea and a few in the U.S. We
are looking to expand overseas, particularly in Europe, where we see potential growth.
T I see. What percentage of your business would you say is devoted to R&D?
S We spend about 17% of our total revenue on R&D, which is average for a company our
size.
T As you expand, how competitive do you think your products will be abroad?
S We have a few drugs in the pipeline that are in the final phases of development.
We believe they will be highly competitive in the global market and expect to launch
them within the next year or two.
T That’s wonderful. We certainly look forward to being a part of that future.
Quiz
1. a market within a country’s own boarders: _________ _______
2. the overall measure of all sources of a company’s income, including its sales, for a given
period of time: ______ ________
Answers │ domestic market, total revenue
Unit 08 Introducing Your Company / 071

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
Our core business focuses on the development, production
Our core business focuses on │ 저희의 핵심 비즈니스는 ~입니다
- Our core business focuses on the sales, distribution and servicing of IT hardware.
- Our core business focuses on the sales and servicing of oil refinery machinery.
- Our core business focuses on consulting with health care professionals.
2
We’re a major player in the domestic market,
with limited presence in the global market.
We’re a major player in ~, with limited presence in ~ │ 저희는 ~의 주요 기업
이며, ~에서는 영향력이 미비한 상황입니다
- We’re a major player in the domestic telecommunications industry, with limited presence in
Europe.
- We’re a major player in the global automotive parts industry, with limited presence in the US
and Asia.
- We’re a major player in Korea, with limited presence in Europe, the Middle East and Africa.
3
We have a few drugs in the pipeline that are in the final
phases of development.
in the pipeline │ 진행 중인, 구체화 단계에 있는
- We have a few products in the pipeline that we believe will be highly competitive.
- We have a few innovative business solutions in the pipeline that we expect to launch next year.
- Our latest project in the pipeline will definitely help us increase market share worldwide.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S Shall I give you a quick tour of our offices before we sit down to our meeting?
T That would be great.
S As you may already know, __________________(focus) the development,

production and marketing of a broad range of pharmaceutical drugs.
T Yes, our company is very much interested in distributing your products.
S Currently, ________________(player) the domestic market,

_______________(presence) the global market. We have several franchises
located in Korea and a few in the U.S. We are looking to expand overseas,
particularly in Europe, where we see potential growth.
T I see. What percentage of your business would you say is devoted to R&D?
S We spend about 17% of our total revenue on R&D, which is average for a
company our size.
T As you expand, how competitive do you think your products will be abroad?
S We have a few drugs __________(pipeline) that are in the final phases of

development. We believe they will be highly competitive in the global market
and expect to launch them within the next year or two.
T That’s wonderful. We certainly look forward to being a part of that future.
Comprehension Check
1. What does the core business of S’s company focus on?
2. Are they currently a major player in the global market? What do they plan to do?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 Our _____________________ the sales and

servicing of oil refinery machinery.
2 We’re a ____________ in the global automotive

parts industry, with __________ in the US and Asia.
3 We have a few products __________ that we believe

will be highly competitive.
4 We’re a __________ in Korea, with ___________ in

Europe, the Middle East and Africa.
5 We have a few innovative business solutions

__________ that we expect to launch next year.
6 Our _____________________ consulting with

health care professionals.
HINTS
core business focuses on, major player ~ limited presence, in the pipeline

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You have a meeting with potential - Core business : development, marketing and
clients. Before the meeting, you give sales of mid- to high-end resorts.
them a tour and introduce your leisure - Vision : to introduce luxury at affordable prices
and hospitality company. They ask you and become a brand leader.
to describe your business model. - Market share : significant in Korea; strong
presence in the South Pacific.
- Properties and offices :
currently in Korea and the South Pacific; new resorts
in the Caribbean and Europe to open next year.
1. What does your core business focus on?
2. What is your company’s vision?
3. Where are your properties and offices, and how competitive are you?
Step 2 Task
Describe your business model to your potential clients. Mention your main
products and services, vision, operational structure, and competitiveness.
Sample Answer
As you may already know, our core business focuses on the development, marketing and sales of mid- to
high-end resorts. Our vision is to introduce luxury at affordable prices and become a brand leader in the
industry. Right now, we are a major player in the domestic market, with a strong presence in the South
Pacific. We currently have properties and offices located in Korea and in the South Pacific. But, we have
a couple projects in the pipeline, including new resorts in the Caribbean and Europe.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 What is your company’s core business?
2 How strong is its presence in the domestic and

international markets?
3 How competitive do you think it will be ten years

from now?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 저희의 핵심 비즈니스는 다양한 의약품의 개발, 생산 및 마케팅입니다.
2. 저희는 국내 시장의 주요 기업이며, 세계 시장에서는 영향력이 미비한 상황입니다.
3. 개발 진행 중인 몇몇 약품들은 개발 최종 단계에 접어들었습니다.
Sample Answer
1. Our core business focuses on the development, production and marketing of a broad range of
pharmaceutical drugs.
2. We’re a major player in the domestic market, with limited presence in the global market.
3. We have a few drugs in the pipeline that are in the final phases of development.
Casual descriptions When to use “say” and “speak”

of business people : 1. Say is used to mean speaking, but
never takes a person as its object. It is
higher-up 상사
always “say something” or “say to
micromanager someone.” For example,
세세한 사항까지 관리하여 “I said to John that we should cancel the
부하 직원에게 재량을 주지 않는 상사
meeting,” and
middleman 중재자 “He says that we will need to push back
rainmaker 큰 수익을 창출하는 사람 the deadline.
baron/magnate/tycoon
2. Speak tends to be more formal when
(재계의) 거물
one person is doing most of the talking.
dealer 판매업자
For example,
dealmaker 거래자 “I spoke at the convention,” and
“I spoke to John about always being late
to meetings.”

Chapter II
Unit
09 Catching up
with
Others
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to engage in conversation
with old friends and acquaintances and inquire about recent developments
in these people’s lives using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
아, 깜짝이야! 생각지도 못하게 회사 로비에서 오랜 친구를 만났습니다. 한참 회사 생활에 적응하느라 정신

없다는 입사 3개월 차 친구. 미팅 준비 때문에 길게 이야기를 나누지는 못했지만 나중에 자리를 마련해 회사
사람들을 소개해 주겠다고 약속합니다. 저녁이나 함께 하면서 말이죠.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
hectic 몹시 바쁜
product design team 제품 디자인 팀
work hour 근무 시간
extension 내선 번호
show someone around 안내해주다
housewarming party 집들이

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S Tom, is that you? It’s been a long while. How have you been?
T Joanne, how nice to see you again. I’ve been doing quite well, thanks, and you?
S Oh, the same old thing, really. What are you doing here? Do you work here?
T Yes, I just joined the sales team about three months ago. It’s been a bit hectic getting
used to everything, but I think I’m enjoying working here. I didn’t know you worked
here.
S Yea, I’ve been here for about three years, going on four this July. I work on the
product design team. Work hours are long, but it’s really a great company. Also, our
sales team is one of the best departments. The manager of the group is really a great
boss. Welcome aboard.
T Thanks. I’m excited to be here.
S I have to run to a meeting, but if you have any questions, feel free to call me. I’m at
extension 2345. I’ll be happy to show you around and introduce you to a few folks.
T Thanks, I will. Oh, by the way, I’ll be having a housewarming party soon. Hopefully
you can make some time to come by. My wife and children would love to see you
again.
S That would be great. Take care, and see you again soon. If not at the party,
let’s grab dinner sometime and catch up properly.
Quiz
1. any of the hours of a day during which work is done: _____ ______
2. a subsidiary telephone in a large

buliding, on the same line as the main one that has its
own additional number : _________
Answers │ work hour, extension
Unit 09 Catching up with Others / 079

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I’ve been here for about three years, going on four this July.
~ for A, going on B this - │ A 동안 ~해왔으며, 이번 -이면 B째가 됩니다
- John’s been working at

PharmaCo for about five months, going on six this August.
- She’s been trying to write that book for the past two years, going on three this May.
- I’ve been going to Sydney every
Chuseok for the past eight years, going on nine this fall.
2 Welcome aboard.
Welcome aboard │ (입사를) 환영합니다
- You’re the new hire, right? Welcome aboard.

- Our team is excited to have you join us; welcome aboard.
- I hear you are joining our sales team; welcome aboard.
3 Let’s grab dinner sometime and catch up properly.

grab ~ sometime and catch up │ 언제 한번 ~를 먹으면서 이야기 나눕시다
- If you have time next week, let’s grab lunch sometime and catch up.
- It would be great to grab some coffee sometime and catch up.
- Do you have time to grab a snack sometime next week and catch up?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S Tom, is that you? It’s been a long while. How have you been?
T Joanne, how nice to see you again. I’ve been doing quite well, thanks, and you?
S Oh, the same old thing, really. What are you doing here? Do you work here?
T Yes, I just joined the sales team about three months ago. It’s been a bit hectic
getting used to everything, but I think I’m enjoying working here. I didn’t know
you worked here.
S Yea, I’ve been here ____ about three years, ________(go) four this July. I work
on the product design team. Work hours are long, but it’s really a great company.
Also, our sales team is one of the best departments. The manager of the group is
really a great boss. _____________(welcome).
T Thanks. I’m excited to be here.
S I have to run to a meeting, but if you have any questions, feel free to call me. I’m
at extension 2345. I’ll be happy to show you around and introduce you to a few
folks.
T Thanks, I will. Oh, by the way, I’ll be having a housewarming party soon.
Hopefully you can make some time to come by. My wife and children would
love to see you again.
S That would be great. Take care, and see you again soon. If not at the party,
let’s _____ dinner ________________(catch) properly.
Comprehension Check
1. Which departments do Tom and Joanne work in?
2. Where does Tom invite Joanne to?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 You’re the new hire, right? _______________.
2 John’s been working at PharmaCo for about

five months, _________ six this August.
3 It would be great to _____ some coffee sometime

and ________.
4 She’s been trying to write that book for

the past two years, ________ three this May.
5 I hear you are joining our

sales team; ____________.
6 If you have time next week, let’s _____ lunch

sometime and ________.
HINTS
going on, welcome aboard, grab ~ catch up

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You are running to a meeting and see an - Wellbeing : how has Mary been; why is she in
old college friend in the lobby of your the building.
offices. Mary just joined the company - Your opinion of the company : worked at
as the new manager of compliance. You company for three years; summer will make four
years; boss is demanding; little vacation time;
have a short conversation with her.
friendly coworkers.
- Next meeting : coffee next week.
1. Who is Mary?
2. Why is Mary in your office?
3. What is your opinion of the company?
Step 2 Task
Ask Mary some questions to do some catching up. Ask how she is and how she
feels about her new job. Tell her your opinion of the company and suggest
meeting again later to catch up in detail.
Sample Answer
Hi, Mary, how have you been? What are you doing here? I’ve been working here for the past three years,
going on four this summer. My boss is a bit demanding, and I get so little vacation time these days.
But, the company is great, and my coworkers are nice. If you are available, let’s grab coffee sometime
next week and catch up properly. Welcome aboard!

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Have you recently run into an old friend or

acquaintance that later joined your company?
How have they been doing?
2 What tips would you give to them about company life?
3 If you were a new hire at a company and ran into

an old friend who also works there, what type of
questions would you ask?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 여기 온지는 3년 정도 되었고, 이번 7월이면 4년째가 됩니다.
2. (입사를) 환영합니다.
3. 제대로 이야기 나눌 수 있도록 언제 한번 저녁 식사 같이 하시죠.
Sample Answer
1. I’ve been here for about three years, going on four this July.
2. Welcome aboard.
3. Let’s grab dinner sometime and catch up properly.

Sales organization - get back into the swing of things
management structure : 일상으로 돌아오다
Definition
become accustomed to (or return to) an
activity or routine
Example
I’ve been on sabbatical for the past year;
it will take some time to get back into
the swing of things at work.

Chapter II
Unit
10 Making, Accepting
and
Declining
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to make, accept and
decline invitations and offers using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
미팅 약속을 잡을 때면 딱히 바빠 보이지 않던 사람들도 다들 바쁘다고 합니다. 무리하게 약속을

잡기보다는 참석자들의 일정을 먼저 확인하고 미팅을 진행할지 미룰지 상황판단을 해야 합니다.
정 상황이 허락하지 않는다면 전화 미팅이라도 해야겠죠?
이런저런 상황에 대한 적합한 표현을 튜터와 함께 연습해 보세요.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
go over 검토하다
last minute 마지막 순간의, 막바지의
worst-case scenario 최악의 상황
over the phone 전화로

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T Paul, if you have some time, let’s grab lunch next week and go over the details of
this new contract.
S Thanks, Jane, but I’m afraid that I won’t be able to next week. I am booked solid
with meetings and presentations for the next week or so. Would you be free the week
of the 12th? I should have some time then.
T The week of the 12th? I think that might work. Let me check my calendar.
S If that week doesn’t work, then how about the following week?
T Ah, the week of the 12th, I’ve got a business trip, and the week after, I’m on vacation.
S In that case, why don’t we play it by ear? It’s possible I might have a last minute
cancellation and can meet you next week. Is that okay with you?
T Sure, let’s do that.
S In the worst-case scenario, I’ll just give you a call next week sometime, and
we can discuss the issues over the phone.
T That sounds great. Take care.
S Great. Have a good day.
Quiz
1. to check something carefully: ___ ______
2. worst possible environment or outcome out of the several possibilities in

planning or simulation: _____
-_____ _______
Answers │ go over, worst-case scenario
Unit 10 Making, Accepting and Declining / 087

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I’m afraid that I won’t be able to next week.

I’m afraid that I won’t be able to │ 죄송하지만 ~하지 못할 것 같습니다
- Joe, I’m afraid that I won’t be able to make the meeting this afternoon.
- Sorry, Tom, but I’m afraid that I won’t be able to join you for dinner tomorrow evening.
- Mary, I’m truly sorry, but I’m afraid that I won’t be able to attend your wedding next month.
2
I am booked solid with meetings and presentations for
the next week or so.
be booked solid for the │ ~에 일정이 다 차다
- Mr. Johnson is booked solid with appointments for the next month.
- Carrie is booked solid with engagements for the next few days.
- We should hurry to book our tickets, or the show may be booked solid for
the next several weeks.
3 In that case, why don’t we play it by ear?

play it by ear │ 임기응변으로 조치를 취하다, 상황에 맡기다
- Since we’re not sure what will happen next, let’s play it by ear.
- I know you’re busy next week, so why don’t we play it by ear?
- Things will be a bit crazy the next few days, so let’s just play it by ear.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T Paul, if you have some time, let’s grab lunch next week and go over the details of
this new contract.
S Thanks, Jane, but _________________(afraid) next week. I __________(solid)

with meetings and presentations _______ next week or so. Would you be free the
week of the 12th? I should have some time then.
T The week of the 12th? I think that might work. Let me check my calendar.
S If that week doesn’t work, then how about the following week?
T Ah, the week of the 12th, I’ve got a business trip, and the week after, I’m on
vacation.
S In that case, why don’t we _____________(ear)? It’s possible I might have a last
minute cancellation and can meet you next week. Is that okay with you?
T Sure, let’s do that.
S In the worst-case scenario, I’ll just give you a call next week sometime, and we
can discuss the issues over the phone.
T That sounds great. Take care.
S Great. Have a good day.
Comprehension Check
1. What does Jane hope to talk about with Paul during lunch?
2. If they don’t get a chance to meet, what does Paul suggest they do?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 Joe, _________________ make the meeting

this afternoon.
2 Mr. Johnson is ___________ with appointments

______ next month.
3 Since we’re not sure what will happen next,

let’s ___________.
4 Carrie is _________ with engagements ______

next few days.
5 Sorry, Tom, but ___________________ join you

for dinner tomorrow evening.
6 I know you’re busy next week,

so why don’t we _____________?
HINTS
I’m afraid I won’t be able to, booked solid ~ for the, play it by ear

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
Your colleague in the sales department - Availability : not next Monday, because of
needs to speak with you about the details of conference.
an upcoming project. He proposes meeting - First proposal : next Wednesday, but if
next Monday, but you are attending a colleague is unavailable, the week after.
conference that day. You suggest another - Second proposal : if none of those are good
day that week, but if he’s busy then, the options, then whenever convenient.
week after is okay.
1. What is the purpose of the meeting?
2. Why are you not available next Monday?
3. If your colleague is busy this week, when would you suggest meeting?
Step 2 Task
Make an appointment with your colleague.
Sample Answer
I’m afraid that I won’t be able to meet next Monday. I have an all-day conference then.
How about next Wednesday? Would that work for you? If not, the week after would be okay, or
we could just play it by ear.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Have you ever had issues with trying to meet with

someone because of scheduling conflicts?
How did you resolve those situations?
2 What type of software do you use to keep track

of your meetings? Why?
3 If an urgent issue came up and you had to reschedule

a meeting, how would you handle the problem?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 다음주에는 시간이 안될 것 같습니다.
2. 다음주 정도까지는 미팅과 프레젠테이션 때문에 시간이 전혀 없습니다.
3. 그렇다면 그때 가서 정하는 게 어떨까요?
Sample Answer
1. I’m afraid that I won’t be able to next week.
2. I am booked solid with meetings and presentations for the next week or so.
3. In that case, why don’t we play it by ear?
Accounting dates / reporting : Until v. By
Year-end (YE) 연말 “Until” is used when describing an action or situation that
continues and then stops at a certain time at which that

Year-to-date (YTD)
올해 초부터 현재까지 situation or action changes, i.e., “up to time X.” It does
not suggest that the action will have been completed at

Quarter-to-date (QTD)
that specified time. For example, “I will work on this
현 분기 초부터 현재까지
project until 3:00 p.m. Friday,” means that from now to
Year-over-year (YoY) 전년대비
3:00 p.m., I will work on the project, even if I have not
Month-over-month (MoM) finished it. Another example is, “the exhibition will last
전월대비 until next February,” which means that the exhibition is
Quarter-over-quarter (QoQ) going on and will stop next February.
지난 분기 대비
“By” is used to describe an action that will have happened
Previous year (PY) 전년도
before a certain time. “By” is usually used for deadlines.
Think of “by” as meaning “before a time X.” For example,
“I have to do this by 3:00 p.m.,” means I must finish the
task before 3:00 p.m.

Chapter II
Unit
11 Telling
a Story
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to share stories about
their experiences in a casual setting using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
비록 업무상 방문이라도 설레기 마련인 첫 뉴욕 여행. 동료들에게 들려주고 싶은 많은 이야기들이

있지만 “여행 어땠어?”라는 질문에 아슬아슬했던 에피소드를 먼저 꺼냅니다. 서울보다 심각한 뉴욕의
교통지옥을 상상도 못했던 나. 결국, 오후 2시 기차를 놓치지 않기 위해 중간에 택시에서 내려 10블록이나 떨어진
거리를 뛰어야 했습니다. 어쩌면 나의 뉴욕 출장에서도 겪게 될지 모르는 일, 튜터와 함께 생생한
이야기를 나눠 보는 건 어떨까요?
Before class 1
Vocabulary
underestimate 과소평가하다, 얕잡아보다
get stuck in traffic 교통체증으로 꼼짝 못하다
cab 택시
avenue 가(街), 남북으로 뻗은 도로
make it 성공하다, 도착하다

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T Welcome back from New York!
S Thanks. I’m happy to be back home.
T So, tell me all about your trip. How was it? Did you have a good time?
S It was tiring, but good. It was my first time going to New York. Too bad it was for a
business trip.
T Did anything exciting happen during your trip, or was it all work?
S Well, I wouldn’t necessarily say it was exciting, but I didn’t realize how bad the
traffic was there. It’s worse than in Seoul, if you can believe it.
T Oh? What happened?
S I had to catch a 2:00 p.m. train and underestimated how long it would take. I took a
gamble thinking that if I took a taxi, I could make it to Grand Central on time. Of
course, we got stuck in traffic. I looked at my watch and realized I’d miss the train if I
waited in the cab. So, I got out of the cab and ran the last 10 blocks to get to the train
station. I didn’t know how long ten avenue blocks could be!
T So, did you make it?
S Yes, I did. But next time, I think I’d better take the subway.
Quiz
1. to consider someone or something less capable or effective than is actually the case:
_________
2. a wide street or thoroughfare: _______
Answers │ underestimate, avenue
Unit 11 Telling a Story / 095

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 Too bad it was for a business trip.

too bad │ ~해서 안됐군요
- It’s too bad we didn’t have time to visit the Statue of Liberty.
- Too bad we can’t meet for dinner tomorrow.
- Too bad the play is sold out; I really wanted to go.
2 I took a gamble thinking that if I took a taxi, I could

make it to Grand Central on time.
take a gamble │ 모험을 하다
- He took a gamble when he decided to quit his job without any backup plans.
- I won’t take a gamble on losing this deal, so make sure everything goes well.
- We took a gamble when we ordered Korean food at a Mexican place, but it turned
out delicious!
3 I think I’d better take the subway.

I think I’d better │ ~해야겠어요
- I think I’d better go to bed early if I want to feel rested tomorrow.

- I think I’d better call the restaurant in advance and make a reservation.
- I think I’d better keep the receipt for this computer in case I have to return it.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T Welcome back from New York!
S Thanks. I’m happy to be back home.
T So, tell me all about your trip. How was it? Did you have a good time?
S It was tiring, but good. It was my first time going to New York. _______(bad) it was
for a business trip.
T Did anything exciting happen during your trip, or was it all work?
S Well, I wouldn’t necessarily say it was exciting, but I didn’t realize how bad the
traffic was there. It’s worse than in Seoul, if you can believe it.
T Oh? What happened?
S I had to catch a 2:00 p.m. train and underestimated how long it would take. I
__________(gamble) thinking that if I took a taxi, I could make it to Grand Central on
time. Of course, we got stuck in traffic. I looked at my watch and realized I’d miss the
train if I waited in the cab. So, I got out of the cab and ran the last 10 blocks to get to
the train station. I didn’t know how long ten avenue blocks could be!
T So, did you make it?
S Yes, I did. But next time, ____________(better) take the subway.
Comprehension Check
1. Why was it a bad idea to take a taxi?
2. What did he do to get to the train station on time?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 ________ we can’t meet for dinner tomorrow.
2 He __________ when he decided to quit his job

without any backup plans.
3 ____________ go to bed early if I want to

feel rested tomorrow.
4 I won’t ____________ on losing this deal,

so make sure everything goes well.
5 _______________ call the restaurant in advance

and make a reservation.
6 _________ the play is sold out; I really

wanted to go.
HINTS
too bad, take a gamble, I think I’d better

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Opinion of Los Angeles : beautiful weather;
You are having lunch with colleagues
spacious city.
while on a business trip in Los Angeles.
- Situation : at 3:00 p.m., asked hotel to reserve
They ask you if you are enjoying your
taxi until 5:00 p.m.; you meant “by 5:00 p.m.”
trip. You reply and also tell them a
- Resolution : taxi company charged for two
frustrating situation that occurred.
hours; you paid it.
1. What do you think of Los Angeles?
2. What mistake did you make?
3. What did you have to do?
Step 2 Task
Small talk with your colleagues about your stay in Los Angeles and tell them
about the frustrating situation you experienced.
Sample Answer
Los Angeles is a wonderful city with great weather. It’s also very spacious. My trip is going well, but I do
have an embarrassing story to tell you. Yesterday at 3:00 p.m., I asked the hotel to reserve a taxi for me
until 5:00 p.m. I looked at my bill and was charged for two hours. I got mad, but then realized I had made
a mistake. I meant to say “by 5:00 p.m.” I had to pay the whole amount. It was frustrating.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 What is the funniest story you have ever heard from a

colleague? What was it about?
2 Have you had any interesting situations that occurred

while traveling for business? What happened?
3 At lunch, what do you discuss with your coworkers?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 출장 때문이어서 안됐군요.
2. 저는 모험을 감행하고 택시를 타면 제시간에 그랜드 센트럴 기차역까지 갈 수 있을 거라

고 생각했어요.
3. 지하철을 타는 것이 좋겠어요.
Sample Answer
1. Too bad it was for a business trip.
2. I took a gamble thinking that if I took a taxi, I could make it to Grand Central on time.
3. I think I’d better take the subway.
Corporate structure – to keep track of

Core departments : 끊임없이 ~의 정보를 얻어내다
Marketing 마케팅 부서
Definition
Client Service 고객서비스 부서 to continue to be informed or know
Product Development 제품 개발부서 about someone or something
Accounting / Finance 회계/재무부서

Example
Information Technology (IT) Please keep track of the latest
IT부서 developments on the project and let us
Compliance 감사부서 know if there are any issues.
Legal 법무부서
Human Resources 인사부서

Chapter II
Unit
Review
12 Socializing Goal
students will be able to
engage in various light
conversations via telephone
using vocabulary and
speech patterns studied
during this chapter.
Before class
Key Expressions
1 Our core business focuses on the development, production

Our core business focuses on│ 저희의 핵심 비즈니스는 ~입니다
- Our core business focuses on the sales, distribution and servicing of IT hardware.
- Our core business focuses on the sales and servicing of oil refinery machinery.
- Our core business focuses on consulting with health care professionals.
2 Let’s grab dinner sometime and catch up properly.

grab ~ sometime and catch up│ 언제 한번 ~를 먹으면서 이야기 나눕시다
- If you have time next week, let’s grab lunch sometime and catch up.
- It would be great to grab some coffee sometime and catch up.
- Do you have time to grab a snack sometime next week and catch up?
3 I’m afraid that I won’t be able to next week.

I’m afraid that I won’t be able to│ 죄송하지만 ~하지 못할 것 같습니다
- Joe, I’m afraid that I won’t be able to make the meeting this afternoon.
- Sorry, Tom, but I’m afraid that I won’t be able to join you for dinner tomorrow evening.
- Mary, I’m truly sorry, but I’m afraid that I won’t be able to attend your wedding next month.

1:1 Practice 1
Role Play
Situation Roles
You work in marketing at a fitness products Student
manufacturer FitLife. You went to a Name: Your name
conference and saw a former colleague, but Company: FitLife
did not have a chance to talk to him. You call (fitness products manufacturer)
Title: Manager of Marketing
him to catch up.
Tutor
Name: Jason Carmichael [Tasks 1 and 2];
Secretary [Task 3]
Company: HomeGym Plus (home gym
equipment distributor)
Task 1
Task 1
- Call Jason.
- Greetings, small talk (weather).
- Ask his opinion of the conference and share your
opinion.
- Ask about his current job and tell him about yours.
- Situation: Jason will be in Seoul for the next two
weeks. Suggest meeting for lunch next week and
agree on a convenient time.
Task 2 Task 2
- Call Jason.
- Situation: Jason has to run to a meeting.
- Quickly ask him if he is available for dinner this week to
catch up in person.
- Situation: You are not free this Thursday or Saturday. Jason
is only free on Thursday this week.
Task 3 Task 3
- Call Jason.
- Situation: Jason is out of the office. Secretary answers.
- Ask when Jason will return and leave him a message
mentioning you saw him at the conference and would like to
catch up in person
Unit 12 Review – Socializing / 103

1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 Have you attended any high school or college

reunions? How was the experience?
What did you discuss with your former classmates?
Did you share any fun stories or hear of any?
2 Do you keep in touch with former colleagues?

How often do you meet them?
What do you talk about?
3 What was the last conference or business-networking

event that you attended? Did you meet any foreigners?
If so, what did you discuss?

After class
Biz Plus
Grammar & Usage
Come v. Go
“Come” is used when describing

movement toward the current location
where the speaker is.
“Go” is used when describing "The most effective way to do it is to do

movement toward a location away from it." -Amelia Earhart
the speaker.
For both “come” and “go,” do not use "No man will make a great leader who
“to” with “home,” i.e., “Go home” and wants to do it all himself, or to get all
“Come home.” But, for other places, the credit for doing it."
use “to” with “go,” e.g., “Go to work”
-Andrew Carnegie
and “Go to the store.”
“If you can't fly then run, if you can't

run then walk, if you can't walk then
crawl, but whatever you do, you have to
keep moving forward.”
-Martin Luther King, Jr.
"Done is better than perfect."

-Sheryl Sandberg
"My job is not to be easy on people. My

job is to take these great people we
have and to push them and make them
even better." -Steve Jobs
Unit 12 Review – Socializing / 105

Business
course
Pro
Chapter III
Business Meetings I
Unit 13
Running a Meeting
Unit 14
Making Suggestions
Unit 15
Agreeing and Disagreeing
Unit 16
Structuring a Discussion
Unit 17
Wrapping up a Meeting
Unit 18
Review – Business Meetings I
Chapter III
Unit
13 Running
a Meeting
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to conduct a meeting
using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
문제 해결 방안을 논의하기 위해 마련된 회의 자리. 웹 서비스 프로세스 중 가장 중요한 구매 기능이 자꾸

에러가 난다는 보고가 들어왔습니다. 결제 처리가 잘 진행되지 않고 웹 사이트가 지연되다 멈춰 버린다고
하는군요.
매출에 직접 영향을 주는 일이니 시급히 해결해야 합니다. 하지만 어떤 이슈든 혼자서 해결할 수는 없겠죠?
시급한 이슈에 대해 유관부서와 어떻게 공유하고 처리해야 하는지 이야기 해 봅시다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
agenda 의제
payment 지불
be processed 처리되다
hang 작동하지 않다
time out 일시적으로 중단되다
error log 오류 경과 기록
touch base (긴급 용건으로) 협의하다

Before class
Chapter III Business Meetings I

2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S Thanks for joining us today. We have a few items on the agenda this morning.
Why don’t we start with discussing the problem with our website and then we can
figure out what we can do to fix the issue.
T Sure. That sounds good.
S We understand that some of our clients have had repeated issues with using the
website. They told us they keep receiving a system error when they try to purchase
products on our website.
T Oh? What type of system error is it?
S It seems that the payments aren’t being processed properly and the website hangs
then times out. That is the reason why I called this meeting. We need to pinpoint the
problem.
T We will need to look at the error logs more closely.
S Here are the error logs.
T Ah, I think I know what the problem is. This shouldn’t take more than a day to fix.
S Okay. Then let’s schedule another meeting for tomorrow to touch base.
T Sure.
Quiz
1. an occasion when a process or program is automatically stopped after a certain
amount of time because it has not worked successfully: ______ _____
2. to talk briefly to someone in order to find out what they think about something:
_____ ______
Answers │ time out, touch base
Unit 13 Running a Meeting / 109

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 Then we can figure out what we can do to fix the issue.

figure out │ 생각해내다, 해결하다
- Let’s work together to figure out what we need to do.

- How can we figure out the answer to this question without any help?
- Will he be able to figure out the reason behind the delay?
2 That is the reason why I called this meeting.

call this meeting │ 본 회의를 소집하다
- I called this meeting to discuss a number of issues.

- He called this meeting to talk about the new project.
- We called this meeting to get a status update on the new construction project.
3 We need to pinpoint the problem.

pinpoint the problem │ 문제점을 정확히 파악하다
- Let’s do some research to pinpoint the problem causing this delay.

- Can you pinpoint the problem?
- We will need to hire experts to pinpoint the problem and solve it.

1:1 Practice

1
Dialogue
S Thanks for joining us today. We have a few items on the agenda this morning.
Why don’t we start with discussing the problem with our website and then we can
________(figure) what we can do to fix the issue.
T Sure. That sounds good.
S We understand that some of our clients have had repeated issues with using the website.
They told us they keep receiving a system error when they try to purchase products on
our website.
T Oh? What type of system error is it?
S It seems that the payments aren’t being processed properly and the website hangs then
times out. That is the reason why I ____________(call). We need to
_____________(pinpoint).
T We will need to look at the error logs more closely.
S Here are the error logs.
T Ah, I think I know what the problem is. This shouldn’t take more than a day to fix.
S Okay. Then let’s schedule another meeting for tomorrow to touch base.
T Sure.
Comprehension Check
1. What was the first agenda of the meeting?
2. What kind of issue did the clients experience?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 Can you _____________________________?
2 I _______________________ to discuss a number

of issues.
3 Let’s work together to ________ what we need to do.
4 We will need to hire experts to _______________

and solve it.
5 Will he be able to _________ the reason behind

the delay?
6 He ___________ to talk about the new project.
HINTS
figure out, call this meeting, pinpoint the problem
/ Business course - Pro

1:1 Practice

3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Situation: defective reclining chair injuring
You are holding a team meeting to
customers.
discuss the problem of a faulty design in
- Product design team: find the problem.
your company’s reclining chair that has
injured a few customers. - Customer service representatives: contact
customers to give refunds and discount coupons
to purchase other products.
- Next meeting: Friday at 2:00 p.m. for status
update.
2. What are the product design team and customer service representatives
assigned to do?
3. When is the next meeting?
Step 2 Task
Set the agenda to discuss solving the problem and propose meeting again to get an
update on fixing the problem.
Sample Answer
I called this meeting because customers have been complaining that our reclining chair is causing injuries.
The product design team needs to pinpoint the problem. In the meanwhile, customer service
representatives, please contact customers and tell them we are figuring out the issue, will refund the
purchase of the chairs, and give a discount coupon for the purchase of another product. Let’s meet again
Friday at 2:00 p.m. to get a status update.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 How often do you have team meetings?

What types of issues are usually discussed at those
meetings?
2 Have you had meetings with foreigners? If so, what

types of issues have you had communicating?
3 How do you like to run your meetings?

Formally? Informally? Who sets the agenda and
how strictly do you stick to it?

After class

Practice Sentences
1. 그런 다음 이슈를 해결하기 위해 무엇을 할 수 있을지 알 수 있을 것입니다.
2. 그러한 이유로 본 회의를 소집하였습니다.
3. 우리는 문제점을 정확히 파악해야 합니다.
Sample Answer
1. Then we can figure out what we can do to fix the issue.
2. That is the reason why I called this meeting.
3. We need to pinpoint the problem.
Research & Development (R&D): bring something to the table

case study 사례 연구
이익이 될만한 무언가를 제공하다
clinical trial 임상 실험
Definition
bell curve
to provide something that will be a
종형 곡선 (통계: 확률 분포곡선의 모양)
benefit
causality / link 인과 관계, 연결성
control group 통제 집단 Example

deviation 편차 The best part about working on a team
is that each person can bring something
variables 변수
to the table to make the project run
random sampling 무작위 추출법 smoothly.

Chapter III
Unit
14 Making
Suggestions
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to make suggestions and
present new ideas at a meeting using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
갑자기 떠오른 번뜩이는 아이디어! 특정 최상위 소비자를 대상으로 특별한 혜택을 제공하여
일반 고객과는 다른 서비스를 받는다는 느낌을 받도록 하면 실적 개선에 큰 도움이 될 것이란
생각이 들었습니다. 그렇다고 설레는 마음에 급하게 보고하면 안 되겠죠?
오늘은 논리적이고 설득력 있게 보고 준비를 하는 방법을 연습해 보도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
membership rewards program 회원 보상 프로그램
target group 목표 고객층
benefits program 혜택 프로그램
take a survey 설문조사를 실시하다
high-end consumer 최상위 소비자

Before class

2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T So, you said you had a new idea you’d like to discuss?
S Yes, I was looking into ways to improve our membership rewards program
and would like to make a few suggestions.
T Okay, please tell us.
S Well, while the initial idea to let everyone receive the same benefits is a good one,
I think that it might be better to focus on one specific target group.
T Why is that? Wouldn’t that decrease membership?
S Not exactly. The people who would most likely subscribe to our program are wealthy.
But if these people don’t feel that they are getting special benefits and are being
treated like everyone else, they will most likely not use our card.
T Good point. So, how do you think we should change our benefits program?
S Why don’t we first take a survey of our competitors’ high-end consumer rewards
programs? Once we have the data, we can see what works for our company and what
we can offer that would be better than our competitors.
T That sounds like a good plan.
Quiz
1. the particular group of people that an advertisement is intended to reach: ______ ______
2. of the greatest power or sophistication : _____

-____
Answers │ target group, high-end
Unit 14 Making Suggestions / 117

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I was looking into ways to improve our membership card.

look into│ 조사하다, 들여다보다
- Our team looked into ways to increase sales.

- Please look into ways to improve our software’s -interface.
user
- Take a look into this problem and let me know what you think.
2
While the initial idea to let everyone receive the same
benefits is a good one, I think that it might be better to
focus on one specific target group.
While ~, I think that it might be better │ ~이지만, ~하는 것이 좋을 것으로
생각됩니다
- While your reasoning is understandable, I think that it might be better to look at the
problem in another way.
- While I know that you don’t want to do this, I think that it might be better if you did.
- While it’s good to worry about your friends, I think that it might be better to focus more on
your own work right now.
3
Why don’t we first take a survey of our competitors’ high-
end consumer rewards programs?
Why don’t we ~? │ ~하는 것이 어떨까요?
- Why don’t we start with the smaller tasks first?

- Why don’t we take a taxi to the convention?
- Why don’t we contact the LA office tomorrow morning and ask them what happened?

1:1 Practice

1
Dialogue
T So, you said you had a new idea you’d like to discuss?
S Yes, I was __________(look) ways to improve our membership rewards program and
would like to make a few suggestions.
T Okay, please tell us.
S Well, ____ the initial idea to let everyone receive the same benefits is a good one, I
think that _____________(better) to focus on one specific target group.
T Why is that? Wouldn’t that decrease membership?
S Not exactly. The people who would most likely subscribe to our program are wealthy.
But if these people don’t feel that they are getting special benefits and are being
treated like everyone else, they will most likely not use our card.
T Good point. So, how do you think we should change our benefits program?
S _________(why) first take a survey of our competitors’ high-end consumer rewards

programs? Once we have the data, we can see what works for our company and what
we can offer that would be better than our competitors.
T That sounds like a good plan.
Comprehension Check
1. What was the meeting for?
2. What new strategy does S suggest?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 Our team ________ ways to increase sales.
2 ______ I know that you don’t want to do this,

I think that _____________________ if you did.
3 ___________ start with the smaller tasks first?
4 Take a _________ this problem and

let me know what you think.
5 __________ take a taxi to the convention?
6 _____ your reasoning is understandable,

I think that _________________ to look at the
problem in another way.
HINTS
look into, while ~ it might be better, why don’t we

1:1 Practice

3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Suggestion : referral program that gives
You are at a team meeting to discuss
discounts to people who refer new clients.
strategies on increasing insurance sales.
- Reason 1 : recommendations influence choice of
You make a suggestion to the team and
insurance carrier.
explain to them your reasoning.
- Reason 2 : better than just giving temporary
discount; free advertising and long-term loyalty.
1. What is being discussed in the meeting?
2. What is your suggestion?
3. What are your reasons for the suggestion?
Step 2 Task
Make a suggestion to your team at the meeting. Explain your reasoning in detail.
Sample Answer
I was looking into ways to increase insurance sales and have a suggestion. Why don’t we try a referral
program? People choose insurance companies based on recommendations from friends and family. While
giving a temporary discount is a good idea, I think that it would be better to give discounts for referrals.
This will build long-term loyalty and encourage people to promote our products more.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 At team meetings, do you consider yourself shy or

do you speak up and make suggestions about ways
to improve projects?
2 What types of suggestions would you make to the

way in which your team operates?
3 What would you improve about employee benefits

at your company?

After class

Practice Sentences
1. 저희 멤버십 카드를 개선하기 위한 방안에 대해 고민하고 있었습니다.
2. 모두에게 동일한 혜택을 제공하자는 기존 방안도 좋지만, 특정 고객군을 타깃으로 하는

것이 더 나을 것 같습니다.
3. 저희 경쟁업체들의 최상위 고객 보상 프로그램에 대한 설문조사를 먼저 실시하는 것이

어떨까요?
Sample Answer
1. I was looking into ways to improve our membership card.
2. While the initial idea to let everyone receive the same benefits is a good one,
I think that it might be better to focus on one specific target group.
3. Why don’t we first take a survey of our competitors’ high-end consumer rewards programs?
Procurement : Another v. Other

invite tenders 입찰 모집
“Another” and “other” are adjectives that describe
PQQ (pre-qualification questionnaire)
nouns, so they should come before a nouns or the
사전자격심사질의
pronoun “one,” e.g., “another cup of tea,” “another
contract award
meeting,” “other people” “the other people” “another
제출한 입찰을 수용하겠다는 발주자의 통지
one” or “the other one.” “Another” is mostly used to
requisition / order 구매요청/주문 talk about one specific other thing. “Other” is more
TQM (total quality management) general, meaning “any.”
전사적 품질 관리
“The other,” “the others” and “others” can also be used
MRO (maintenance, repair and
as pronouns, e.g., “the other is nicer than this one,” “I
operations)
기업소모성자재 will take the other,” and “Others will think the boy is
weird.” Because these are pronouns, no noun goes after

PMI (purchasing managers index)
them. As pronouns, these words are used to talk about
구매 관리자 지수 (cf. post-merger integration
인수합병 후 통합) some specific noun or group of nouns.

Chapter III
Unit
15 Agreeing
and Disagreeing
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to express agreement or
disagreement with other ideas using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
제한된 예산으로 여러 마케팅 채널에 광고를 집행하는 것에는 언제나 취사선택이 필요합니다.
취사 선택의 과정에서 내가 확신이 섰다면 다른 의견을 가진 상대방을 설득해서 합의를 이끌어
내야 할 수도 있습니다.
오늘은 효과적으로 자신의 의견을 상대방에게 전달하여 가장 합리적인 방향을 도출해 나가는
대화 방법을 연습해 보도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
cut the budget 예산을 삭감하다
social media ads 소셜 미디어 광고
demographic 인구통계적집단
make up ~을 구성하다
customer base 고객 기반

Before class

2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S So, in light of our current budget issues, we need to think about our options. For
example, there are certain places where we can cut the budget.
T That’s true. I can name a few areas where we can.
S Like what?
T Well, newspaper and TV advertisements are unnecessary these days. It’s better to
invest in social media ads.
S I like your idea of investing in social media advertisement, but I’m not sure I agree
with decreasing our newspaper and TV ad costs. Can you explain your reasoning?
T Think about it. Fewer and fewer people subscribe to print newspapers or watch TV,
so it makes sense to spend less there.
S It’s true that social media is a highly effective way to market, but don’t you think
that we have to think about the older demographic as well.
T Perhaps, but the elderly only make up a small percent of our customer base. If we are
trying to cut costs, it makes sense to cut there.
S I guess you’re right. Let me think about this more.
Quiz
1. a section of the population sharing common characteristics: __________
2. the clients to whom a business sells products and services: ________ _____
Answers │ demographic, customer base
Unit 15 Agreeing and Disagreeing / 125

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 In light of our current budget issues, we need to think

about our options.
in light of │ ~을 고려하여
- In light of the market downturn, we should try to save money right now.
- In light of the war going on in Central Asia, we shouldn’t travel there anytime soon.
- In light of how much our boss liked your idea, we should go celebrate.
2 I like your idea of investing in social media advertisement,

but I’m not sure I agree with decreasing our newspaper and
TV ad costs.
I like your idea, but I’m not sure I agree with ~│ 좋은 의견이지만, ~에 대해서
는 동의하지 않습니다
- I like your idea, but I’m not sure I agree with closing the factory this soon.
- I like your idea of going to the movies on Friday,
but I’m not sure I agree with skipping work to do tha
- I like your idea of opening a new branch office, but I’m not sure I agree with opening it in
Cancun.
3
It’s true that social media is a highly effective way to
market, but don’t you think that we have to think about the
older demographic as well?
It’s true that ~, but don’t you think that ~? │ ~는 사실이지만, ~라고 생각하지 않나요?
- It’s true that we should expand into another market, but don’t you think that we should do
more research first?
- It’s true that we need to upgrade our servers, but don’t you think that the cost of new server
hardware will be costly?
- It’s true that we should create a new customer rewards system, but don’t you think that
customers would prefer a discount to a useless gift?

1:1 Practice

1
Dialogue
S So, _______(light) our current budget issues, we need to think about our options. For
example, there are certain places where we can cut the budget.
T That’s true. I can name a few areas where we can.
S Like what?
T Well, newspaper and TV advertisements are unnecessary these days. It’s better to
invest in social media ads.
S I __________(like) of investing in social media advertisement, _________(not sure)

decreasing our newspaper and TV ad costs. Can you explain your reasoning?
T Think about it. Fewer and fewer people subscribe to print newspapers or watch TV, so
it makes sense to spend less there.
S It’s __________(true) social media is a highly effective way to market, but

___________(don’t) we have to think about the older demographic as well.
T Perhaps, but the elderly only make up a small percent of our customer base. If we are
trying to cut costs, it makes sense to cut there.
S I guess you’re right. Let me think about this more.
Comprehension Check
1. How does T suggest they cut the budget?
2. What does S worry about focusing on social media?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 __________ the market downturn, we should

try to save money right now.
2 It’s ______ we should expand into another market, but

_________________ we should do more research first?
3 I __________, but ____________________ closing the

factory this soon.
4 ___________ how much our boss liked your idea,

we should go celebrate.
5 It’s _______ we need to upgrade our servers,

but _____________________ the cost of new server
hardware will be costly?
6 I ________ of opening a new branch office, but

_________________________ opening it in Cancun.
HINTS
in light of, like your idea ~ I’m not sure I agree with, true that ~
don’t you think that

1:1 Practice

3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Situation : many clients in China; opening Beijing
You work at a manufacturing company.
branch.
You are at a team meeting to discuss
- Coworker’s suggestion : partner with local
whether to open a branch office in
company.
Beijing. Your coworker suggests
- Your opinion : disagree with getting a local
partnering up with a local company.
partner.
- Reason : have enough presence in China; many
fluent Chinese speakers at your company.
1. What is the agenda?
2. What do your coworkers suggest?
3. What is your opinion on the issue? Why?
Step 2 Task
Express your opinion to your coworkers. Say you disagree and explain why.
Sample Answer
In light of our increased business in China, I like your idea of opening an office in Beijing, but I’m not
sure I agree with partnering with a local company. Don’t you think we have a strong presence in China
already? Also, we have many fluent Chinese speakers at our company. There’s no need to work with a
partner when we will be successful on our own.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Have you ever disagreed with your company’s

business strategy? If so, in what ways, and why?
2 Have you ever had a disagreement with a client?

If so, why and how was it resolved?
3 Do you feel comfortable raising disagreements at

meetings? Why or why not?

After class

Practice Sentences
1. 현 예산 문제를 고려했을 때, 저희에게 어떤 선택권이 있는지 생각해보아야 합니다.
2. 제안하신 소셜 미디어 광고 투자에 대한 의견은 좋다고 생각하지만, 신문과 TV 광고비 감축

에 대해서는 동의하기 어렵습니다.
3. 소셜 미디어가 매우 효과적인 마케팅 수단이라는 점은 사실이지만, 고령층도 고려해야

한다고 생각하지 않으시나요?
Sample Answer
1. In light of our current budget issues, we need to think about our options.
2. I like your idea of investing in social media advertisement, but I’m not sure I agree with decreasing our
newspaper and TV ad costs.
3. It’s true that social media is a highly effective way to market, but don’t you think that we have to think
about the older demographic as well?
Stocks : put your cards on the table

stock prices rose / dropped X% 생각을 솔직하게 밝히다
주가가 X% 상승/하락했다
dip in trading 주가의 일시적 하락 Definition
stock prices soar / plummet to truthfully explain what you know or
주가가 급상승하다/곤두박질치다 think
bear market 내림 시세
Example
bull market 상승 시세 We really can’t lose this deal, so let’s just
The stock market is volatile put our cards on the table and see what
주식시장이 불안정하다 happens.
The stock market rallied after…
주식시장이 …이후로 회복했다
The stock closed at a…
주식시장이 …로 마감했다

Chapter III
Unit
16 Structuring
a Discussion
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to set an agenda and structure
a discussion using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
드디어 중국 진출! 하지만 정말 많은 논의를 하고 의사 결정을 해야 합니다. 의사 결정의 여러 과정 중

스왓(SWOT)분석은 기본 중의 기본. 분석 보고서를 통해 시장성과 경쟁사 동향 등을 파악하고 앞으로
진행할 방향을 결정합니다.
하지만 당장 결론이 어렵다면 논의를 미루고 다른 것을 검토하자고 제안할 수도 있겠죠?

오늘은 복잡한 논의를 구조적으로 진행해 나가기 위한 여러 표현들을 익혀 보도록 합시다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
look to ~를 바라다, 기대하다
expand the business into ~로 사업을 확장하다
SWOT analysis 효과적인 기업 전략을 수립하기 위한 분석
product line 제품 라인
investment opportunity 투자 기회

Before class

2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S Let’s get started. As you all know, we’re looking to expand our business into China.
The first item on the agenda is to discuss this SWOT (strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, threats) analysis prepared by our analysts. Have you all had a chance
to read the report?
T Yes, we have.
S Good. Let’s start there and then we can discuss product lines we’d like to introduce in
China and finally end with discussing locations for our Chinese office.
So, do you have any thoughts on the information presented in the report?
T Well, it seems that there is good demand for our products, but the problem is that there
are quite a few competitors with similar and cheaper versions of our products.
S That is true. What do you propose we do?
T Perhaps we should focus on introducing only the products with less competition.
S I understand your point, but we should carefully consider all our options.
This is an important investment opportunity for us. Let’s set aside the issue of
choosing products for now and think about this a bit more before we make a final
decision.
Quiz
1. a structured planning method used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats involved in a project or in a business venture: ______ _______
2. a series of different products which form a group, all made

by the same company: ______ ______
Answers │ SWOT analysis, product line
Unit 16 Structuring a Discussion / 133

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
The first item on the agenda is to discuss this SWOT
analysis prepared by our analysts.
The first item on the agenda │ 첫 번째 의제
- The first item on the agenda is the audit letter we received from the tax authorities.
- The first item on the agenda will be the conference we are hosting next week.
- The first item on the agenda is the construction project we are starting next month.
2
Do you have any thoughts on the information presented in
the report?
Do you have any thoughts on ~? │ ~에 대한 의견 있으신가요?
- Do you have any thoughts on the matter?

- Do you have any thoughts on what we should do?
- Do you have any thoughts on why that is?
3
Let’s set aside this topic for now and think about this a bit
more before we make a final decision.
Let’s set aside │ ~에 대한 문제는 잠시 제쳐둡시다
- Let’s set aside this issue for now.

- Let’s set aside this point for now and come back to it.
- Let’s set aside this matter and discuss it again at next week’s meeting.

1:1 Practice

1
Dialogue
S Let’s get started. As you all know, we’re looking to expand our business into China.
________________(first) is to discuss this SWOT (strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, threats) analysis prepared by our analysts. Have you all had a chance to
read the report?
T Yes, we have.
S Good. Let’s start there and then we can discuss product lines we’d like to introduce in
China and finally end with discussing locations for our Chinese office. So,
_______________(any thoughts) the information presented in the report?
T Well, it seems that there is good demand for our products, but the problem is that there
are quite a few competitors with similar and cheaper versions of our products.
S That is true. What do you propose we do?
T Perhaps we should focus on introducing only the products with less competition.
S I understand your point, but we should carefully consider all our options. This is an
important investment opportunity for us. ____________(aside) the issue of choosing
products for now and think about this a bit more before we make a final decision.
Comprehension Check
1. What is the first thing they discuss about?
2. What problem does T mention?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 The ______________ is the audit letter

we received from the tax authorities.
2 Do you ____________ the matter?
3 Let’s ________ this issue for now.
4 The _________________ will be the

conference we are hosting next week.
5 Let’s _______ this point for now

and come back to it.
6 Do you _____________ why that is?
HINTS
first item on the agenda, have any thoughts on, set aside

1:1 Practice

3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Meeting purpose : increase sales of
You are having a meeting with your sales
smartphones in the U.S.
team to discuss increasing sales of your
- Option 1 : review pricing policies.
smartphone devices in the United States.
There are several opportunities you want - Option 2 : switch or expand distribution
channels.
to consider.
- Option 3 : increase marketing.
1. What is the purpose of the meeting?
2. What options do you have?
Step 2 Task
Outline the topics for discussion at the meeting and ask for input on your company’s
pricing strategy.
Sample Answer
As you know, we’re here to discuss our options for increasing sales of our smartphones in the United
States. First on the agenda is reviewing our pricing policies, followed by discussing switching or
expanding our distribution channels, and ending with ways to increase marketing efforts. So, do you
have any thoughts on our pricing strategy?

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 When you hold meetings, which types of items

do you generally like to discuss first? Why?
2 Which items do you generally postpone for

discussion later?
3 In negotiations, there are pros and cons to being first

in proposing items for discussion. What do you think
these pros and cons are? Why?

After class

Practice Sentences
1. 첫 번째 의제는 저희 분석가들이 준비한 SWOT 분석에 대한 논의입니다.
2. 보고서에 제시된 정보에 대한 의견 있으신가요?
3. 이 주제는 잠시 제쳐두고 최종 결정을 내리기 전에 좀 더 생각해보도록 합시다.
Sample Answer
1. The first item on the agenda is to discuss this SWOT analysis prepared by our analysts.
2. Do you have any thoughts on the information presented in the report?
3. Let’s set aside this topic for now and think about this a bit more before we make a final decision.
Retail : Geographic locations “In”

flagship store 본점, 주력상점
When talking about geographic locations,
markdown 가격 인하 cities, states and countries always are
product lifecycle 제품 수명 주기 paired with the preposition “in,” for
example, “in New York,” “in Seoul,” “in
integrated supply chain 통합 유통망
California” and “in Korea.”
pop-up store 일시적으로 운영되는 상점
niche retailing 틈새 소매
mystery shopping
미스터리 쇼핑 (고객으로 가장한 조사원이 매장의
전반적인 서비스 수준을 평가하는 것)
e-tailing (electronic retailing) 전자 소매

Chapter III
Unit
17 Wrapping up
a Meeting
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to conclude discussions and
summarize key points using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
비용 절감을 위해 물류 흐름을 원활하게 할 방법을 논의한 결과 추가 분석이 필요하다는 결론을

내렸습니다. 누구와 함께 추가 분석을 할 것인지 또 결과는 언제 나오는지 확인하고 마지막으로
다음 미팅 일정을 확인합니다. 그런데 종종 사오정 같은 상황이 발생합니다. 우리는 서로 같은
내용을 말하고 있었던 것일까요?
자, 오늘은 튜터와 함께 완벽한 미팅 마무리를 위해 결과를 확인하는 연습을 해 보겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
out of time 시간이 다되다
logistics 물류
follow-up analysis 추가 분석
viable 실행 가능한
outsourcing provider 아웃소싱 공급 업체

Before class

2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S We’re almost out of time, and I know you have other things to do. But before we
conclude this meeting, let me recap what we discussed and what we should do next.
T Sounds good.
S So, first, we discussed the issue of streaming our logistics operations to reduce costs.
Joe suggested a few possible solutions, but we need a few follow-up analyses to see
which options are viable. Are you with me so far?
T Yes. That’s right.
S Also, we agreed that Mary would coordinate with analysts to run some models for the
options we’re considering. She’ll update us on the results later this week.
T Yes, and she said she’d also have someone research potential logistics outsourcing
providers. She’ll have that list for us by the end of the week as well.
S Ah yes, that’s right. Thanks. And finally, we scheduled to meet again this Friday at
2:00 p.m. to review all the reports. Am I missing anything?
T No, I think that’s everything.
S Great. In that case, see you on Friday. Feel free to call me if you have any questions in
the meantime.
Quiz
1. the management of materials flow through an organization, from raw materials
through to finished goods: _________
2. capable of success or continuing effectiveness; practicable: ________
Answers │ logistics, viable
Unit 17 Wrapping up a Meeting / 141

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 Let me recap what we discussed and what we should do next.

Let me recap │ ~를 다시 한번 말씀 드리겠습니다
- Let me recap the events of the day.

- Let me recap what happened on the TV show last night.
- Let me recap how our trip went last week.
2 Are you with me so far?

Are you with me so far? │ 지금까지 제 얘기를 잘 이해하셨나요?
- So that’s all the information I have. Are you with me so far?

- Are you with me so far? If so, I’ll continue.
- Was that confusing or are you with me so far?
3 Am I missing anything?
Am I missing anything? │ 제가 빠뜨린 내용이 있나요?
- I think that’s all we discussed. Am I missing anything?

- Here’s a list of action items for us to complete. Am I missing anything?
- I prepared the minutes from yesterday’s meeting. Am I missing anything?

1:1 Practice

1
Dialogue
S We’re almost out of time, and I know you have other things to do. But before we
conclude this meeting, ________(recap) what we discussed and what we should do
next.
T Sounds good.
S So, first, we discussed the issue of streaming our logistics operations to reduce costs.
Joe suggested a few possible solutions, but we need a few follow-up analyses to see
which options are viable. Are ____________(with)?
T Yes. That’s right.
S Also, we agreed that Mary would coordinate with analysts to run some models for the
options we’re considering. She’ll update us on the results later this week.
T Yes, and she said she’d also have someone research potential logistics outsourcing
providers. She’ll have that list for us by the end of the week as well.
S Ah yes, that’s right. Thanks. And finally, we scheduled to meet again this Friday at
2:00 p.m. to review all the reports. Am _________(miss)?
T No, I think that’s everything.
S Great. In that case, see you on Friday. Feel free to call me if you have any questions in
the meantime.
Comprehension Check
1. What was the first thing they discussed about?
2. What will Mary do?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 I think that’s all we discussed.

Am ____________________?
2 Are ____________________? If so, I’ll continue.
3 __________ the events of the day.
4 Here’s a list of action items for us

to complete. Am ____________________?
5 Was that confusing or are ____________?
6 __________ how our trip went last week.
HINTS
let me recap, you with me so far, I missing anything

1:1 Practice

3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Items discussed : whether to upgrade IT
You are wrapping up a meeting at
infrastructure and cost.
which you and your team discussed
- Follow-up item 1 : John to research potential
upgrading your IT infrastructure.
suppliers and report back.
- Follow-up item 2 : Lisa to run financial models
and report back.
- Next meeting : next Tuesday 8:00 a.m.
1. What has been discussed in the meeting?
2. What will John and Lisa do to follow-up?
3. When is the next meeting?
Step 2 Task
Wrap up the meeting by recapping what you discussed.
Sample Answer
Let me quickly recap what we discussed today. We need to decide on how we want to upgrade our IT
infrastructure and estimate the cost. John will research potential suppliers and report back to us next week.
Are you with me so far? Also, Lisa will run financial models and prepare a report for us as well. Am I
missing anything? If not, let’s meet again next Tuesday at 8:00 a.m.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 How do you usually like to end team meetings?

Do you prepare a list of action items and review
them before closing meetings?
2 After a meeting with a client, do you generally

follow-up with them? If so, how do you do so?
Via phone? In person? By e-mail?
3 Do you usually stay on schedule during meetings,

or do you end up running out of time? How do you
handle ending a meeting in that situation?

After class

Practice Sentences
1. 저희가 논의한 내용과 추후 진행할 업무에 관하여 다시 말씀 드리겠습니다.
2. 지금까지 제 얘기를 잘 이해하셨나요?
3. 제가 빠뜨린 내용이 있나요?
Sample Answer
1. Let me recap what we discussed and what we should do next.
2. Are you with me so far?
3. Am I missing anything?
Types of financing : read between the lines

secured/unsecured working capital loans
숨은 뜻을 읽다
담보/무담보 운전자금대출
lines of credit 대출 한도 Definition
equipment financing 설비 금융 to perceive or deduce a meaning that is
hidden or implied rather than being
equipment sales and leaseback
openly stated
설비 판매 후 리스
construction financing Example
건설 금융 The representative from the other
commercial real estate loans company didn’t say so, but I could read
상업용 부동산 담보대출 between the lines. If we don’t lower the
sales price, they’ll walk away from this
deal.

Chapter III
Unit
Review
18 Business Goal
Meetings I conduct a conference call
via telephone using
vocabulary and speech
patterns studied during
this chapter.
Before class
Key Expressions
1
The first item on the agenda is to discuss this SWOT
analysis prepared by our analysts.
The first item on the agenda│ 첫 번째 의제
- The first item on the agenda is the audit letter we received from the tax authorities.
- The first item on the agenda will be the conference we are hosting next week.
- The first item on the agenda is the construction project we are starting next month.
2
Why don’t we first take a survey of our competitors’ high-
end consumer rewards programs?
Why don’t we ~?│ ~하는 것이 어떨까요?
- Why don’t we start with the smaller tasks first?
- Why don’t we take a taxi to the convention?
- Why don’t we contact the LA office tomorrow morning and ask them what happened?
3 Let me recap what we discussed and what we should do next.

Let me recap│ ~에 대해 다시 말씀 드리겠습니다
- Let me recap the events of the day.
- Let me recap what happened on the TV show last night.
- Let me recap how our trip went last week.

1:1 Practice

1
Role Play
Situation Roles
You work in the finance department of Student
HomeFurnishings Ltd. You scheduled a quick Name: Your name
conference call to discuss preparing budget (finance department manager)
reports for the current quarter. Company : HomeFurnishings Ltd.
(high-end furniture manufacturer)
Title : Manager of Finance
Task 1 Tutor
Name : Carol (finance department analyst)
- Dial-in call for quick team meeting. [Tasks 1 and 2]; Secretary [Task 3]
- Greetings; small talk Company : HomeFurnishings Ltd.
(talk about last week’s team dinner).
- Quickly go through agenda
(discuss action items and schedule follow-up meeting).
Task 1
- Action items: Carol to prepare income statement and
balance sheet; Mark to prepare cash flow statements.
- Situation: Mark is absent. Ask Carol to remind Mark about
his task.
- Schedule a follow-up call for next Thursday at 4:00 p.m.
Task 2
- Call Carol. Task 2
- Situation: Carol says CEO just called to speak to her, so call
needs to be quick.
- Quickly explain why you called (to go over action items for
quarterly budget report and schedule follow-up meeting).
- Ask her to call back after her meeting.
- Say you will e-mail Mark a reminder.
Task 3 Task 3
- Call Carol.
- Situation: Carol is on the other line. Secretary answers.
- Secretary asks if you want to wait on the line or leave a
message. Leave a message.
- Explain the reason for your call (to remind Carol about
deadline for budget report).
- Ask that Carol return your call anytime after 4:00 p.m. today.
Unit 18 Review – Business Meetings I / 149
1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 Have you had days when you had several meetings

one after the other? How do you prepare for days like
these?
2 How soon do you follow-up with potential clients

who have asked about your company’s products
or services? What additional information and materials
do you usually provide them in your follow-up?
3 How often do you make client presentations?

Have you had to prepare any in English? What do
you find is the most difficult part of the process?

After class

Biz Plus
Grammar & Usage
Should Have v. Had To
“Should have” is used when guessing or

talking about past events that did not
happen or showing regret about a past
action, e.g., “I should have gone to my
office first to check my messages, but I
forgot,” “The delivery should have been
"What you do has far greater impact
made last night, so I expect Mark will
call us soon,” and “I should not have than what you say." -Steven Covey
eaten so much pizza last night because
my stomach hurts.” "Forget about the fast lane. If you really
want to fly, just harness your power to
“Had to” is used when talking about a
past action that was required, e.g., “I your passion." -Oprah Winfrey
had to finish the report last night” and
“We had to finish the project by last
"Efficiency is doing the thing right.
week, but we got an extension.”
Effectiveness is doing the right thing."
-Peter Drucker
“The question isn’t who’s going to let

me; it’s who is going to stop me."
-Ayn Rand
"Outstanding leaders go out of their

way to boost the self-esteem of their
personnel. If people believe in
themselves, it’s amazing what they can
accomplish." -Sam Walton
Unit 18 Review – Business Meetings I / 151

Business
course
Pro
Chapter IV
Business Meetings II
Unit 19
Presenting a New Product
Unit 20
Asking for Clarification
Unit 21
Clarifying a Statement
Unit 22
Giving Feedback
Unit 23
Forward-looking Statements
Unit 24
Review – Business Meetings II
Chapter Ⅳ
Unit
19 Presenting
a New Product
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to describe a new product
and its features using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
그 동안 개발해 온 심장 박동수와 수면 패턴을 모니터 하는 시계의 시제품을 발표하는 순간입니다.

멋진 디자인, 수집한 데이터를 다른 디바이스로 전달하는 내장형 와이파이, 음성인식, 방수 기능 등
엄청난 제품의 특징을 설명했습니다. 하지만 가격 경쟁력이 없다면 아무 소용 없겠죠?
새로 개발한 시계는 기존 제품보다 무게도 가볍고 시장 가격 또한 무려 20%나 저렴하다고 마무리합니다. 쏟아지
는 박수!!
오늘은 프로젝트 결과를 발표할 때, 작은 경쟁력까지 놓치지 않고 표현하는 방법을 연습해 보세요!
Before class 1
Vocabulary
be equipped with ~를 갖춘
built-in Wi-Fi 내장형 와이파이
sync 동기화하다
on the market 시판중인
voice activation feature 음성 구동 기능
waterproof 방수의
lightweight 가벼운, 경량의
market price 시장 가격, 실거래가

Chapter Ⅳ Business Meetings II
Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S We’re in the final phases of development, but I’d like to introduce you to our latest
product.
T That would be great. Tell us what you’ve been working on.
S This here is our latest project. As you can see it is a fitness tracker. This watch is used
to monitor a user’s heart rate and sleeping patterns.
T It has a nice slim design.
S Yes, our goal was to create a fashionable item that also has great functionality. This
particular model features a personal alarm that vibrates to wake people up and also is
equipped with built-in Wi-Fi to sync data collected to a mobile device or a PC.
T How does this differ from products already on the market?
S Our product has a voice activation feature and is waterproof. Additionally, we are using a
new material that makes the watch even more lightweight. What’s even better is the price.
T Oh?
S We were able to reduce the unit cost for this watch, so we intend to price this at 20%
below current market prices and still make a good profit.
T That’s fantastic.
Quiz
1. available for purchase : ____ ________ _________
2. the prevailing price, as determined by supply and demand, at which goods,

services, etc may be bought or sold : _______ _______
Answers │ on the market, market price
Unit 19 Presenting a New Product / 155

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
This watch is used to monitor a user’s heart rate and
sleeping patterns.
This ~ is used to - │ 이 ~는 -하기 위한 용도로 사용됩니다
- This device is used to record white noise levels from the surrounding environment.
- This new product is used to create 3D drawings without the use of a computer.
- This coating is used to protect metals from rusting.
2
This model features a personal alarm that vibrates
to wake people up.
This ~ features - │ 이 ~는 -한 기능을 갖추고 있습니다
- This screen protector features anti

-glare and privacy filters.
- This suitcase features small waterproof compartments.
- This television features voice activation.
3 We intend to price this at 20% below current market prices.

price ~ at -│ ~의 가격을 -로 책정하다
- We will price this toaster at $10.

- Our competitor will price their new car at 10% below our average sales price.
- We will price the leftover inventory at a discount for the next week.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S We’re in the final phases of development, but I’d like to introduce you to our
latest product.
T That would be great. Tell us what you’ve been working on.
S This here is our latest project. As you can see it is a fitness tracker. ____ watch
________(use) monitor a user’s heart rate and sleeping patterns.
T It has a nice slim design.
S Yes, our goal was to create a fashionable item that also has great functionality.
____ particular model ______ a personal alarm that vibrates to wake people up and
also is equipped with built-in Wi-Fi to sync data collected to a mobile device or a PC.
T How does this differ from products already on the market?
S Our product has a voice activation feature and is waterproof. Additionally, we

are using a new material that makes the watch even more lightweight. What’s
even better is the price.
T Oh?
S We were able to reduce the unit cost for this watch, so we intend to _____ this
___ 20% below current market prices and still make a good profit.
T That’s fantastic.
Comprehension Check
1. What is the function of the fitness tracker?
2. How does the fitness tracker differ from other products on the market?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 This new product _______ create 3D drawings

without the use of a computer.
2 This suitcase _______ small waterproof

compartments.
3 We will ______ this toaster __ $10.
4 This television ______ voice activation.
5 This coating _______ protect metals from rusting.
6 We will _____ the leftover inventory __ a discount

for the next week.
HINTS
is used to, features, price ~ at

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You have finished developing a new - Product : business organizer software.

business organizer software and are - Features : calendar that integrates with email
presenting it to other departments at and various social media applications.
your company. - Difference with competitor goods : easy to use;
perfect for social media dependent industries.
- Price : $79 per license.
1. What product have you developed?
2. What are the product’s features?
3. Why would this product be successful?
Step 2 Task
Present your new product by mentioning its features and difference with competitor
goods.
Sample Answer
I would like to introduce you to our new business organizer software. This software is used to streamline
calendars for professionals. It features a calendar that integrates with email and various social media
applications. This product will be successful because it is easy to use and perfect for companies that use
social media. We intend to price it at $79 per license.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Can you describe a recent product your company

has developed? What are its features?
2 What makes your products unique? What would

you change to make them more distinct?
3 How competitive is the pricing of your product?

Would you suggest adjusting the price to make it
more competitive?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 이 시계는 사용자의 심박수와 수면 패턴을 확인하기 위하여 사용됩니다.
2. 이 모델은 진동을 통해 잠을 깨워주는 개인용 알람 기능을 갖추고 있습니다.
3. 저희는 이 제품의 가격을 현재 시장 가격보다 20% 낮은 금액으로 책정하고자 합니다.
Sample Answer
1. This watch is used to monitor a user’s heart rate and sleeping patterns.
2. This model features a personal alarm that vibrates to wake people up.
3. We intend to price this at 20% below current market prices.
Manufacturing Industry: cut corners

inventory 재고 절약하다, 생략하다
productivity 생산성
Definition
capacity utilization 설비 가동률
to do something more easily; to take
bottleneck 병목 현상 shortcuts
just in time (JIT) 적기 납입 방식
Example
automation 자동화
If you want to design a solid product,
the 5 S’s (sort, straighten, sweep, you cannot cut corners and must do
standardize, sustain) 5S (정리, 정돈, 청소, 청 each step properly.
결, 생활화)

Chapter Ⅳ
Unit
20 Asking for
Clarification
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to ask for clarification from
others using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
상대방의 의중을 알 수 없다면 다시 확인해야겠죠? 팀의 생산성을 좀 높였으면 한다는 팀장님의

말씀이 어떤 의미인지 다시 물어보니 효율성을 높이기 위해 필요하다면 부서 재정비도 필요하다고
합니다. 그런데 단순히 생각을 말한 것일까요? 나에게 재정비 안을 만들라고 업무를 주신 것일까요?
오늘은 상대방의 의중을 다시 확인하는 방법들을 튜터와 함께 익히도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
meet the deadline 마감 기한을 맞추다
reorganize the department 부서를 개편하다
reassign 재 배정하다
overworked 과로한
streamline 합리화(간소화) 하다
workflow 업무 흐름
workload 작업량, 작업 부하

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T I’d like for us to increase the productivity of our team.
S I’m sorry, what did you mean by that? Can you please explain more clearly?
T It seems we keep having delays in meeting deadlines. I’d like us to be more efficient in
completing our work.
S What do you think we should do?
T I want to reorganize the department and reassign tasks but need your assistance.
S If I understand you correctly, you’d like me to find ways to reorganize our

department to make us more efficient?
T Yes, that’s correct.
S So, you think that reorganizing the department will improve productivity? Perhaps
what we might need is a larger team? We are overworked.
T Before I think about hiring, I want to see if we can’t streamline our workflow first.
S Got it. I think it will be best to start with examining our team members and their roles.
We should make a list of their skills and make sure the work they are assigned
matches their skills. If the issue is that we have too much workload, then we should
consider hiring additional employees.
Quiz
1. to improve the efficiency of, often by, simplification : ________
2. the amount of work assigned to or expected from a worker in a

specific time period : __________
Answers │ streamline, workload
Unit 20 Asking for Clarification / 163

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I’m sorry, what did you mean by that?

What did you mean by that? │ 어떤 의미로 하신 말씀이시죠?
- I didn’t understand. What did you mean by that?

- Sorry, I think I didn’t quite hear correctly. What did you mean by that?
- I didn’t follow. What did you mean by that?
2
If I understand you correctly, you’d like me to reorganize
our marketing department?
If I understand you correctly, ~? │ 제가 맞게 이해했다면 ~라는 말씀이시죠?
- If I understand you correctly, you think the problem is with the assembly line layout?
- If I understand you correctly, you think we might not make the deadline?
- If I understand you correctly, we should expect the report this Friday?
3
So, you think that reorganizing the department will
improve productivity?
So, you think that ~?│ 그러니까 ~라는 생각이시죠?
- So, you think that increasing our advertising budget will help sales?
- So, you think that hiring a new assistant will make a difference?
- So, you think that by increasing our hours, we will get more work done?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T I’d like for us to increase the productivity of our team.
S I’m sorry, ________________(mean)? Can you please explain more clearly?
T It seems we keep having delays in meeting deadlines. I’d like us to be more

efficient in completing our work.
S What do you think we should do?
T I want to reorganize the department and reassign tasks but need your assistance.
S ______________(understand), you’d like me to find ways to reorganize our

department to make us more efficient?
T Yes, that’s correct.
S ___________(think) reorganizing the department will improve productivity?

Perhaps what we might need is a larger team? We are overworked.
T Before I think about hiring, I want to see if we can’t streamline our workflow first.
S Got it. I think it will be best to start with examining our team members and their
roles. We should make a list of their skills and make sure the work they are
assigned matches their skills. If the issue is that we have too much workload,
then we should consider hiring additional employees.
Comprehension Check
1. What is T’s suggestion to increasing the productivity of the team?
2. What will they do first?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 ____________ increasing our advertising budget

will help sales?
2 I didn’t follow. _____________?
3 ___________, you think we might not make

the deadline?
4 ____________ hiring a new assistant will

make a difference?
5 I didn’t understand. ____________?
6 _____________, we should expect the report

this Friday?
HINTS
what do you mean by that, if I understand you correctly, so you think that

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You work at a network services - Question : ask to clarify manufacturer’s

provider in Wyoming and are in a statement.
meeting with a fiber-optic cable - Feature 1 : cleaner signals.
manufacturer. You want to upgrade - Feature 2 : faster transmission speed.
your network infrastructure to fiber- - Manufacturer’s recommendation : expensive,
optic cables. The manufacturer explains but worth investment.
the features of fiber-optic cables.
1. Who are you having a meeting with?
2. What are the features of the fiber-optic cables?
3. What does the manufacturer recommend?
Step 2 Task
Ask for clarification to the manufacturer and confirm the information they told you.
Sample Answer
I’m sorry, what did you mean by that? If I understand you correctly, the fiber-optic cables would be great
because we will have cleaner signals and faster transmission speeds. If that’s the case, then you think that
even though the cables are expensive it is worth our investment, right?

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 When you are in a meeting and are not certain you

understood correctly, do you usually ask for
clarification? If not, in what type of situations might
you not interrupt to ask?
2 Sometimes people say that there is no such thing

as a dumb question and that people should always
ask questions to clarify instructions. Do you agree?
Why or why not?
3 Have there been times when you failed to ask for

clarification and as a result a problem arose that
could have been avoided? If so, what would you do
differently if you could revisit that situation?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 죄송합니다만, 어떤 의미로 하신 말씀이시죠?
2. 제가 맞게 이해했다면, 저희 마케팅부서를 개편하기를 원하시는 건가요?
3. 그러니까 부서를 개편하는 것이 생산성을 높이게 될 거라는 생각이신 거죠?
Sample Answer
1. I’m sorry, what did you mean by that?
2. If I understand you correctly, you’d like me to reorganize our marketing department?
3. So, you think that reorganizing the department will improve productivity?

Shipping Industry: “In the United States” v. “In Korea”
carrier 운수 회사 “In the” is used with geographic
cost and freight (C&F) 운임 포함 가격 locations that are plural or is a group of
kingdoms or has an additional title in the
free on board (FOB) 본선 인도
name like a republic. “In” is used with
cargo (dry, liquid, loose, bulk, non- geographical locations that are singular.
containerized (NCC), palletized, refrigerated) For example, “We live in the United
화물 (건화물, 액화화물, 비(非)단위화물, 산적화물, States,” “We will have to send these
비(非)컨테이너화물, 팔레트화물, 냉동화물) reports to the United Kingdom,” “We
live in Korea,” and “We will leave the
bill of lading 선하 증권
inventory in France.”
charter 전세 (ex. charter flight 전세기)
shipper 선적인
certificate of insurance 보험증명서

Chapter Ⅳ
Unit
21 Clarifying
a Statement
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to further explain their own
statements using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
작년 회계연도 분석 보고서를 보니 고객센터 평균 민원처리 시간이 전년 대비 50%나 증가했습니다.

원인이 무엇인지 빨리 확인하고 싶습니다, 하지만 이럴수록 원하는 사항들을 정확하고 간결하게
질문할 수 있어야 하죠.
고객이 좀 더 까다로워졌는지, 제품에 문제가 있는지 그리고 직원 교육이 필요한 것인지 등의 정보를
정확하고 간결하게 물어볼 수 있는 방법들을 오늘 튜터와 함께 알아보도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
customer service analysis report 고객서비스 분석 보고서
fiscal year 회계 연도
resolution time 해결 소요 시간
handling time 처리 시간
staff training 직원 교육

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S I called this meeting because I just finished reviewing our customer service
analysis report from the last fiscal year. It seems like we’ve had over a 50%
increase in average resolution time last year as compared to the year before.
T Really? That is quite an increase.
S Indeed. We need to figure out the reason for this and resolve the issue as soon as
possible. So, what happened last year?
T Pardon? What do you mean?
S What I mean is, why the increased handling time? Have the issues clients called
about become more complicated or are we just lacking in know-how?
T Well, I don’t think there are any serious problems with our product. I’m not sure what
you mean by lacking in know-how.
S Let me put it differently. Do you think we need to increase staff training?
T That might be necessary, but what type of training do you mean?
S Let me give you an example. Perhaps we can let agents listen to samples of low handling
time calls and record calls to monitor people’s performance and give feedback.
T That sounds like a great idea.
Quiz
1. a 12-
month period used by a government, business, or organization to calculate
how much money is being earned, spent, etc : ________ _________
2. training to improve the performance or knowledge of the employees

or workforce or a company : _______ _______
Answers │ fiscal year, staff training
Unit 21 Clarifying a Statement / 171

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 What I mean is, why the increased handling time?

What I mean is ~ │ 제 얘기는 ~
- What I mean is, why is there so much backlog on the paperwork we need to file this week?
- What I mean is, will you be able to finish this by tomorrow?
- What I mean is, we have too much work to get done by this evening.
2 Let me put it differently.

Let me put it differently │ 다르게 설명 드리겠습니다
- Let me put it differently. We will need to work more efficiently to finish this project.
- Let me put it differently. This negotiation will be sensitive, so be careful not to be too aggressive.
- Let me put it differently. We should expect a 20% increase in workflow next week.
3 Let me give you an example.

Let me give you an example │ 예를 들어서 설명 드리겠습니다
- Let me give you an example. We can reduce costs by eliminating unnecessary expenses.
- Let me give you an example. We can modify the desktop layout to make it more
-friendly.
user
- Let me give you an example. We should increase the carrying capacity of our transportation
so that we can deliver more goods at one time.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S I called this meeting because I just finished reviewing our customer service
analysis report from the last fiscal year. It seems like we’ve had over a 50%
increase in average resolution time last year as compared to the year before.
T Really? That is quite an increase.
S Indeed. We need to figure out the reason for this and resolve the issue as soon as
possible. So, what happened last year?
T Pardon? What do you mean?
S _________(mean), why the increased handling time? Have the issues clients
called about become more complicated or are we just lacking in know-how?
T Well, I don’t think there are any serious problems with our product. I’m not sure
what you mean by lacking in know-how.
S _________(put, differently). Do you think we need to increase staff training?
T That might be necessary, but what type of training do you mean?
S _________(example). Perhaps we can let agents listen to samples of low handling

time calls and record calls to monitor people’s performance and give feedback.
T That sounds like a great idea.
Comprehension Check
1. What issue did they find from the customer service analysis report?
2. What will they do to solve the problem?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 What ___________, will you be able to finish

this by tomorrow?
2 ___________ differently. We will need to work

more efficiently to finish this project.
3 ___________ an example. We can reduce costs by

eliminating unnecessary expenses.
4 What ___________, we have too much work to

get done by this evening.
5 ___________ differently. We should expect a

20% increase in workflow next week.
6 ___________ an example. We can modify the

desktop layout to make it more user-friendly.
HINTS
I mean is, let me put it, let me give you

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You work as a program coordinator at a - Suggestion 1 : change advertisements for show.

TV broadcasting company. Your boss - Suggestion 2 : change time slot.
asks you for suggestions on increasing - Example 1 : use social media for advertisement.
ratings for the new talk show. You
- Example 2 : move show to a less competitive
suggest changing the way the show is
time like 8:00 p.m. on Tuesdays.
advertised and also the time slot. He is
uncertain about what you mean.
1. What is the agenda?
2. What are your suggestions?
3. What are some examples for your suggestions?
Step 2 Task
Clarify what you mean to your boss.
Sample Answer
What I mean is, to increase our TV ratings for the show, I think we should change our advertising
strategy for the show and the time slot. Let me put it differently. We need to reconsider what media we
use to advertise and think about less competitive time slots. Let me give you an example. We might want
to use social media for advertisements because our target audience heavily consumes social media. Also,
having a time slot like 8:00 p.m. on Tuesdays might get higher ratings.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 When you conduct meetings, how do you make

sure that everyone understands what next steps
they are supposed to do?
2 Have you ever had a situation where clients or your

boss misunderstood what you said and as a result
they had completely different expectations than
what you had? How do you resolve these types of
situations?
3 When you travel abroad, do you sometimes get

nervous about being misunderstood? If so, what do
you do to make sure people understand you correctly?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 제 얘기는 처리 시간이 왜 늘어났느냐 하는 것입니다.
2. 다르게 설명 드리겠습니다.
3. 예를 들어서 설명 드리겠습니다.
Sample Answer
1. What I mean is, why the increased handling time?
2. Let me put it differently.
3. Let me give you an example.
Software & Tech Industry: state of the art

SAAS – software as a service 최신의, 최첨단 기술의
사용자가 필요로 하는 서비스만 이용 가능하도록
한 소프트웨어 (ex. 아마존 클라우드) Definition
EMM – enterprise mobility management the latest and most sophisticated or
기업이동성관리. 임직원이 모바일 기기를 업무용 advanced stage of a technology, art, or
으로 안전하게 사용할 수 있도록 하는 모든 방법 science
을 일컬음
Example
ASP – application service provider
Our research facilities are state of the art
어플리케이션 서비스 제공자가 소프트웨어를 패
and come equipped with the latest
키지 형태로 판매하지 않고 일정 요금을 받고 인
technology to streamline our research
터넷을 통해 임대해주는 서비스 (웹 어플리케이션
projects.
호스팅 서비스)
API – application program interface
소프트웨어 컴포넌트 간의 커뮤니케이션 인터페
이스로 사용되기 위한 규약기반 소스코드 (ex. 구
글맵: 웹 서비스 형태로 제공되는 대표적 사례)

Chapter Ⅳ
Unit
22 Giving Feedback
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to give positive and
negative feedback using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
협상을 잘 마무리했다는 소식에 결과를 자세히 들어보고자 해당 팀원을 불렀습니다. 짧은 기간 안에

협상에 이뤄낸 것이 자랑스럽네요. 그래도 조금은 아쉬운 부분이 남는 법. 어떤 부분이 아쉬웠는지
궁금해 하는 팀원에게 아쉬웠던 점을 자세하고 친절하게 설명해 주고 격려하는 마음을 담아 워크숍에서 협상
기술을 좀 더 배워보라고 권합니다.
자, 오늘은 여러분이 팀장이 되어 따뜻한 격려를 해 봅시다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
supply contract 공급 계약
terms of agreement 계약 조건
with that said 그런 맥락에서
unit price 단가
settle with ~에 만족하다

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S So, I asked to meet with you to talk about the new supply contract agreement you
negotiated. Please have a seat.
T Okay.
S I looked over the terms of the agreement. Overall, you’ve done a great job.
T Thank you.
S I really like the way you were able to successfully reach an agreement in the short
time we gave you. This is a big deal for us. With that said, I’ve noticed that there
were some terms that perhaps you could have been more firm on.
T Could you please explain?
S Well, for example, I’m certain if you pushed a little harder, we might have gotten a
better unit price for the goods. This supplier has very few options for customers, and
we are one of the largest consumers of their goods in the market. They would have
settled with a lower price.
T I see. To be honest, this was the first major negotiation where I was in charge.
S Yes, I realize that. To prepare for future negotiations, why don’t you take some
negotiations workshops to help improve your skills?
Quiz
1. types of contracts that establish the terms of a working relationship between a vendor
and a customer : ________ _________
2. a price for a commodity that includes all extra costs incidental to the item : ____ ______
Answers │ supply contract, unit price
Unit 22 Giving Feedback / 179

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
I really like the way you were able to successfully reach
an agreement in the short time we gave you.
I really like the way │ ~한 점은 높이 평가합니다
- I really like the way your team handled the issue with our client.
- I really like the way you remained professional even in difficult situations.
- I really like the way the product is designed to be-friendly.
user
2
I’ve noticed that there were some terms that perhaps
you could have been more firm on.
I’ve noticed that ~ │ (부정적인 사안에 대해 언급할 때) ~라는 점을 알게 되었습니다
- I’ve noticed that there seems to be some issues with the integration software.
- I’ve noticed that you’ve fallen behind on your work.
- I’ve noticed that you seem really stressed lately.
3
Why don’t you take some negotiations workshops to help
improve your skills?
Why don’t you ~? │ ~하시는 게 어떨까요?
- Why don’t you take some courses to improve your familiarity with using this software suite?
- Why don’t you take some time to reconsider whether this is really the right type of project
for you?
- Why don’t you talk with your project manager and let him know how you feel about your workload?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S So, I asked to meet with you to talk about the new supply contract agreement you
negotiated. Please have a seat.
T Okay.
S I looked over the terms of the agreement. Overall, you’ve done a great job.
T Thank you.
S _____________(like, way) you were able to successfully reach an agreement in

the short time we gave you. This is a big deal for us. With that said,
_________(notice) there were some terms that perhaps you could have been
more firm on.
T Could you please explain?
S Well, for example, I’m certain if you pushed a little harder, we might have gotten
a better unit price for the goods. This supplier has very few options for customers,
and we are one of the largest consumers of their goods in the market. They
would have settled with a lower price.
T I see. To be honest, this was the first major negotiation where I was in charge.
S Yes, I realize that. To prepare for future negotiations, ________(why) take some
negotiations workshops to help improve your skills?
Comprehension Check
1. What problem does S point out?
2. What does S suggest in terms of improving T’s negotiation skills?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 ________________ your team handled the issue

with our client.
2 ___________ you’ve fallen behind on your work.
3 ___________ take some courses to improve

your familiarity with using this software suite?
4 ___________ you seem really stressed lately.
5 _____________________ the product is designed

to be user-friendly.
6 ___________ talk with your project manager and

let him know how you feel about your workload?
HINTS
I really like the way, I’ve noticed that, why don’t you

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You work in compliance at your - Situation : air released from printing may cause
company, and there seems to be a health problems.
problem with the design of your - Positive feedback : attractive appearance;
company’s latest 3D printer. You fastest printer on the market.
discuss the issues with the head of the - Negative feedback : releases too many air
product design team. particles.
- Suggestion : find alternative materials or include
scrub unit to filter particles when printing.
1. What are some good points about the printer?
3. What suggestions can you make?
Step 2 Task
Briefly explain about the situation to the head of the product design team, and
give your opinion about the printer.
Sample Answer
I asked to speak with you today about the new 3D printer your team created. I really like the way the
printer looks and the fact that it will be the fastest printer on the market. However, I’ve noticed that the
printer releases too many air particles. This can cause many health problems. Why don’t you try to find
alternative materials for printing or perhaps include a scrub unit to filter particles?

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Have you ever had to give negative feedback to an

employee? If so, how did you handle it?
2 What types of feedback do you get in your annual

reviews at work? What do you think you can do to
address any negative feedback?
3 When you receive positive feedback, how do you

generally respond? Feel proud? Embarrassed?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 우리가 제시한 짧은 기간 내에 성공적으로 합의를 이끈 점은 높이 평가합니다.
2. 몇몇 조건들은 좀 더 강하게 밀어붙였을 수도 있었을 것 같습니다.
3. 협상 능력을 향상시킬 수 있도록 워크샵에 참여해보는 것이 어떤가요?
Sample Answer
1. I really like the way you were able to successfully reach an agreement in the short time we gave you.
2. I’ve noticed that there were some terms that perhaps you could have been more firm on.
3. Why don’t you take some negotiations workshops to help improve your skills?

Energy Industry : Fun v. Funny
public utilities 공공 시설
“Fun” means enjoyable. “Funny” means
baseload / load 기초 하중 / 하중 comical, e.g., “We had fun at the team
capacity / reserve capacity dinner last night,” and “He is so funny
when he mimics the voice of our team
예비 용량
manager.”
peak / off peak
최대로 사용되는 시기 / 한산한 시기
blackout / brownout 정전 / 절전
electrical grid 전력망
forced outage 고장 정지
requirements contract
의무수량 계약(공공기관의 계약 종류 중 하나)

Chapter IV
Unit
23 Forward-looking
Statements
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to express expectations using
new vocabulary and speech patterns.
캄보디아 생태 관광 호텔 건설에 관한 제안서를 보내놓고 협력사의 응답을 기다리고 있는 상황.

첨부한 자료를 검토했는지 묻는 질문에 협력사 직원은 캄보디아 정부의 승인 여부, 향후 건설 일정 및 기
타 프로그램에 관한 시장성 유무 여부를 확인하는 질문을 합니다. 진행 상황을 묻는 질문에는 장황한 설명
보다 핵심을 전달하는 간결하고 정확한 대답이 어울리겠죠?
그럼 오늘은 튜터와 함께 간결하고 정확하게 답변을 주기 위한 연습을 해 보도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
approval 승인
ecotourism hotel 생태 관광 호텔
government officials 정부 관계자
construction 공사
just in time for ~할 시기에 맞춰
lined up 준비된

Before class

2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S I believe you’ve looked over the materials we sent you a few weeks ago.
Is that correct?
T Yes, we’ve looked over them.
S Do you have any questions for us?
T Yes, we do. When will you receive the approvals to build your ecotourism
hotel in the national park?
S We’ve been working closely with government officials in Cambodia for the past
several months. We expect to receive final approval for the project within the next
month.
T I see, and when do you plan to start and finish construction?
S If all goes as planned, construction will begin midsummer and finish late next year,
just in time for winter travel season. We already have a construction contractor lined
up.
T And you mentioned in your proposal that you will also provide various workshops
focusing on the local ecosystem? Is there really a market for this?
S Yes. According to our projections, we will receive a steady stream of profits from
this service and hope to expand this service to other locations as well.
Quiz
1. formal agreement: _________
2. people elected or appointed to administer a government: _________ ________
Answers │ approval, government officials
Unit 23 Forward-looking Statements / 187

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
We expect to receive final approval for the project
within the next month.
We expect to │ ~할 것으로 기대합니다
- We expect to submit our final proposal by the end of the week.

- We expect to see an increase in share price this quarter.
- We expect to start this project next year.
2
If all goes as planned, construction will begin
midsummer and finish late next year.
If all goes as planned │ 모든 것이 차질 없이 진행된다면
- If all goes as planned, we will launch our new product next summer.
- If all goes as planned, I should be able to go on vacation as scheduled at the end of the week.
- If all goes as planned, this project will stay on budget.
3
According to our projections, we will receive a steady
stream of profits from this service.
According to our projections │ 저희의 예측에 따르면
- According to our projections, we might run short on our budget.

- According to our projections, sales should increase over the holidays.
- According to our projections, we should expect to see an increase in website traffic
after our big marketing campaign.

1:1 Practice

1
Dialogue
S I believe you’ve looked over the materials we sent you a few weeks ago.
Is that correct?
T Yes, we’ve looked over them.
S Do you have any questions for us?
T Yes, we do. When will you receive the approvals to build your ecotourism hotel
in the national park?
S We’ve been working closely with government officials in Cambodia for the past
several months. __________(expect) receive final approval for the project within
the next month.
T I see, and when do you plan to start and finish construction?
S ____________(planned), construction will begin midsummer and finish late next

year, just in time for winter travel season. We already have a construction
contractor lined up.
T And you mentioned in your proposal that you will also provide various
workshops focusing on the local ecosystem? Is there really a market for this?
S Yes. ____________(projections), we will receive a steady stream of profits

from this service and hope to expand this service to other locations as well.
Comprehension Check
1. What are they planning to build in Cambodia?
2. When will they receive the approvals to build the hotel?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 __________________ see an increase in share

price this quarter.
2 __________________, we will launch our new

product next summer.
3 __________________, we might run short on

our budget.
4 __________________ start this project next year.
5 __________________, this project will stay

on budget.
6 __________________, sales should increase

over the holidays.
HINTS
we expect to, if all goes as planned, according to our projections

1:1 Practice
Chapter ⅣBusiness Meetings II

3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Situation : economic downturn.
You work in logistics for a construction
materials provider. The supply chain - Expectation 1 : rising fuel prices.
executive at your company wants an - Expectation 2 : capacity shortage due to

update on budgeting for the year. trucking companies decreasing fleet size.
- Solution : re-evaluate truck routes and streamline
to save money and avoid capacity shortage.
1. What is the report about?
2. What do you expect for the year?
3. What are some possible solutions?
Step 2 Task
Give the supply chain executive a report.
Sample Answer
Due to the recent economic downturn, we expect to see rising fuel prices. We also expect that there might
be a capacity shortage due to trucking companies decreasing their fleet sizes. According to our
projections, if we can re-evaluate truck routes and make them more efficient, we might be able to avoid
capacity problems. If all goes as planned, this would mean we can stay within our initial budget.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 When asked about your expectations on meeting

deadlines or staying on budget, are you generally
conservative in your response? Why or why not?
2 How comfortable are you with estimating how long a

task might take to complete?
3 How do you manage people’s unrealistic

expectations?

After class

Practice Sentences
1. 저희는 다음 달 안에 프로젝트에 대한 최종 승인을 받을 것으로 예상합니다.
2. 모든 것이 차질 없이 진행된다면, 여름 중반에 공사를 시작해서 내년 연말에 마치게

됩니다.
3. 저희의 예측에 따르면 저희는 이 서비스에 대한 안정적인 수익을 얻게 될 것입니다.
Sample Answer
1. We expect to receive final approval for the project within the next month.
2. If all goes as planned, construction will begin midsummer and finish late next year.
3. According to our projections, we will receive a steady stream of profits from this service.
Telecommunications Industry : nine-to-five

bandwidth 대역폭 평일 9시~5시의 일상적인 근무
VoIP (voice over IP) 인터넷전화
Definition
multi-carrier 다중 반송파
the normal work schedule for most jobs.
personal digital assistant (PDA)
개인 휴대정보 단말기 Example
phishing 피싱 Most workers in the United States work
triple play service nine-to-five, but in Korea, people work
단일 회선을 통해 영상, 음성, 인터넷 서비스를 동 longer hours.
시에 제공하는 융합형 서비스
digital signal processing (DSP)
디지털 신호 처리
enterprise-mobile integration
기업의 통신, 네트워크, 데이터베이스를 모바일로
통합하는 프로세스

Chapter IV
Unit
Review
24 Business Goal
Meetings II discuss various meeting
issues via telephone using
this chapter.
Before class
Key Expressions
1
This model features a personal alarm that vibrates to
wake people up.
This ~ features - │ ~는 -한 기능을 갖추고 있습니다
- This screen protector features anti
-glare and privacy filters.
- This suitcase features small waterproof compartments.
- This television features voice activation.
2 Let me give you an example.

Let me give you an example │ 예를 들어서 설명 드리겠습니다
- Let me give you an example. We can reduce costs by eliminating unnecessary expenses.
- Let me give you an example. We can modify the desktop layout to make it more
-friendly.
user
- Let me give you an example. We should increase the carrying capacity of our transportation so
that we can deliver more goods at one time.
3
If all goes as planned, construction will begin midsummer
and finish late next year.
If all goes as planned│ 모든 것이 차질 없이 진행된다면
- If all goes as planned, we will launch our new product next summer.
- If all goes as planned, I should be able to go on vacation as scheduled at the end of the week.
- If all goes as planned, this project will stay on budget.

1:1 Practice
Chapter IV Business Meetings II

1
Role Play
Situation Roles
You work in a branch office in product Student
development for a kitchenware manufacturer Name : Your name
SimpleBake Company. Your boss at your Company : SimpleBake Company
company’s headquarters called and left a (kitchenware manufacturer)
Title : Assistant Manager of Product Design
message asking you to call back with an
update on your latest line of oven bakeware. Tutor
You call your boss to discuss this project. Name : Ms. Lewis [Tasks 1 and 2];
Secretary [Task 3]
Title : Manager of Product Design
Task 1
- Call Ms. Lewis.
Task 1
- Greetings; small talk (last weekend’s activities).
- Give an update on status of project
(designing new bakeware line)
- Situation: project going smoothly.
- Design feature: increased stain resistance,
cool touch exterior after baking.
- Expectation: prototypes ready for testing next week.
Task 2 Task 2
- Call Ms. Lewis.

- Situation: Ms. Lewis picks up the phone, but needs to
step out to a meeting.
- Quickly explain why you called
(to discuss update on project development)
Task 3 Task 3
- Call Ms. Lewis.

- Situation: Ms. Lewis left the office due to a family
emergency. Secretary answers.
- Ask when Ms. Lewis will return.
- Leave a message.
Unit 24 Review – Business Meetings II / 195

1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 Have you received negative feedback from a client?

What did you do to resolve the issue?
2 Have you ever misunderstood feedback you

received from someone? If so, what happened,
and how was it resolved?
3 When giving presentations about a new product,

have you ever had miscommunications about its
features or functionality? If so, what happened,
and how did you clarify that situation?

After class
Chapter IV Business Meetings II

Biz Plus
Grammar & Usage
The week after next / The week before last

(week/month/year)
In English, we say the “X after next” or

the “X before last,” e.g., “the week after
next” or “the month before last.” We do
not say the "next next week" or the "last
last month." In the case of "day," however, “You must expect great things of
we say the "day after tomorrow" and the yourself before you can do them.”
"day before yesterday."
-Michael Jordan
"The first responsibility of a leader is to

define reality. The last is to say thank
you. In between, the leader is a
servant." -Max DePree
"To handle yourself, use your head; to

handle others, use your heart."
-Eleanor Roosevelt
"Leadership is the capacity to translate

vision into reality." -Warren Bennis
“Learn from yesterday, live for today,

hope for tomorrow. The important thing
is not to stop questioning.”
-Albert Einstein
Unit 24 Review – Business Meetings II / 197

Business
course
Pro
Chapter V
Specific Communication
Unit 25
Making a Request
Unit 26
Interviewing a Candidate
Unit 27
Dealing with Complaints from Customers
Unit 28
Delegating
Unit 29
Compromising
Unit 30
Review – Specific Communication
Chapter V
Unit
25 Making
a Request
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to ask for assistance
and information from others using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
정말 난처합니다. 주말에 휴가를 계획했지만 아직 검토하지 못한 서류들이 산더미처럼 쌓여 있습니다.

그래도 오랜만의 휴가를 포기할 수는 없기에 친한 동료에게 조심스럽게 도움을 요청합니다.
기꺼이 도움의 손길을 내밀어준 동료에게 예산안을 분석한 문서를 검토해줄 것과 더불어 어떤 부분을
조정해야 할 지에 대한 의견도 함께 구해봅니다. Thank God! 드디어 휴가를 갈 수 있습니다!
오늘은 동료에게 정중하게, 하지만 큰 부담을 느끼지 않도록 도움을 요청하는 표현법을 함께 학습해
보도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
paperwork 문서작업
draft budget 예산안
I owe you one 제가 신세를 졌네요
I’ll see what I can do 제가 한번 확인해볼게요,
wholesale 도매
inventory management 재고 관리
inventory turnover ratio 재고 자산 회전율

Chapter V Specific Communication
Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S I’m wondering if you would mind doing me a favor.
T Not at all. What can I do for you?
S I’m going on vacation at the end of the week, and I have so much paperwork to review.
I’m not sure I’ll finish all of this before I go.
T Do you have to finish it all before you leave?
S Unfortunately, yes.
T Is there anything I can do?
S Well, if it isn’t too much trouble, could you help me with reviewing some of these
documents?
T Sure. I’ll have some time this evening and tomorrow morning.
S These are comments from our analysts to our draft budget report. If you could go
through these and figure out what adjustments we need to make to the budget, I’d
greatly appreciate it.
T No problem. I’ll see what I can do.
S Thanks. I owe you one.
Quiz
1. work involving the handling of reports, letters, and forms: __________
2. an estimate of the budget: _____ _______
Answers │ paperwork, draft budget
Unit 25 Making a Request / 201

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I’m wondering if you would mind doing me a favor.

I’m wondering if you would mind ~ │ ~해주시겠어요?
- I’m wondering if you would mind watching my dog for a few days.
- I’m wondering if you would mind doing some research for me.
- I’m wondering if you would mind taking these documents to the manager, please.
2 If it isn’t too much trouble, could you help me?

If it isn’t too much trouble, could you ~? │ 크게 실례가 되지 않는다면 ~해
주시겠어요?
- If it isn’t too much trouble, could you read through this report and summarize it for me?
- If it isn’t too much trouble, could you calculate the total cost for this part of the project?
- If it isn’t too much trouble, could you pick up lunch for me on your way back to the office?
3 If you could go through these, I’d greatly appreciate it.

If you could ~, I’d greatly appreciate it │ ~해주신다면 정말 감사하겠습니다
- If you could watch my daughter for me for a couple hours, I’d greatly appreciate it.
- If you could help me with this project, I’d greatly appreciate it.
- If you could take notes for me during the meeting, I’d greatly appreciate it.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S _________________________(mind) doing me a favor.
T Not at all. What can I do for you?
S I’m going on vacation at the end of the week, and I have so much paperwork to
review. I’m not sure I’ll finish all of this before I go.
T Do you have to finish it all before you leave?
S Unfortunately, yes.
T Is there anything I can do?
S Well, __________________________(trouble) help me with reviewing some of

these documents?
T Sure. I’ll have some time this evening and tomorrow morning.
S These are comments from our analysts to our draft budget report.
____________ go through these and figure out what adjustments we need to
make to the budget, ________________________(appreciate).
T No problem. I’ll see what I can do.
S Thanks. I owe you one.
Comprehension Check
2. What does S ask T as a favor?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 _____________ help me with this project,

__________________________.
2 ___________________________, _________ read

through this report and summarize it for me?
3 ___________________________________ watching
my dog for a few days.
4 _____________ take notes for me during the meeting,

________________________.
5 ___________________________, _________ calculate

the total cost for this part of the project?
6 __________________________________ doing
some research for me.
HINTS
I’m wondering if you would mind, if you could ~ I’d greatly appreciate it,
if it isn’t too much trouble ~ could you

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You work for a wholesale beverage - Task : compare inventory management

distributor, and your boss asked you to performance across industry.
compare your company’s inventory - Situation : deadline moved up.
management performance with that of - Request : research and calculate inventory
turnover ratio for competitors.
your competitors. It is Monday, and the
deadline for the project was moved up - Urgent (due tomorrow).
from Friday to Tuesday.
1. What has your boss asked you to do?
3. What is your request to your colleague?
Step 2 Task
Ask for help from a colleague with the task.
Sample Answer
If it isn’t too much trouble, could you do me a favor? I have to compare our company’s inventory
management performance with that of its competitors, but I don’t have much time. The deadline was
moved up to tomorrow. If you could research and calculate inventory turnover ratio for competitors,
I’d greatly appreciate it.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 In Korea, do people often feel nervous about

asking for favors? Why?
2 How do Koreans ask for favors? Is it different from

English expressions you learned today?
3 Do you feel burdened when people ask favors from

you? Why or why not?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 부탁을 들어주시겠어요?
2. 크게 실례가 되지 않는다면 좀 도와주시겠어요?
3. 이것들을 검토해주신다면 정말 감사하겠습니다.
Sample Answer
1. I’m wondering if you would mind doing me a favor.
2. If it isn’t too much trouble, could you help me?
3. If you could go through these, I’d greatly appreciate it.

Mining : start off on the right foot
calorific value (e.g., BTUs) 발열량
첫발을 잘 내딛다
extraction / ore reserve 추출/매장량

Definition
base metals v. precious metals to begin doing something in a way that
비금속(일반금속)/귀금속 is likely to succeed
assay 시금 (금속의 순도 분석)
claim (광산 등의) 불하(拂下) 신청지 Example

Let’s make sure everything is planned
cut off 더 이상 경제적 가치를 갖지 않는
properly so that we start off on the right
폐기 등급의 광석
foot with this project.
grade 등급
ore body quality 광체(광석 덩어리)의 품질

Chapter V
Unit
26 Interviewing
a Candidate
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to interview candidates for
hire using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
글로벌 비즈니스 시대에는 글로벌 인재가 필수적입니다. 오늘은 회사와 함께할 글로벌 인재를 뽑는 날. 먼저
한국에 오게 된 이유와 지원 동기 그리고 포부를 묻는 것을 시작으로 한국어 구사는 가능한지 등 여러 질문
을 해야 합니다.
마음에 드는 인재가 보인다면 회사의 지원 프로그램들도 설명해 주어 회사에 대한 좋은 이미지를 심어주면

좋겠죠? 오늘은 여러분이 직접 글로벌 인재를 면접해 보세요.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
East Asian studies 동아시아학과
be fascinated by ~에 흥미를 갖게 되다
firsthand 직접적으로
position 업무, 직(職)
hotline 직통 전화

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S So, I understand that you recently moved to Korea. Is that correct?
T Yes, that’s right.
S Could you please briefly explain why you moved here and what you are hoping to
achieve in Korea?
T Well, I was an East Asian studies major and was always fascinated by Korea. By
spending time in Korea, I hope to learn more about its culture firsthand.
S So, I assume that you plan to be here for a few years, then?
T Yes, that’s the plan.
S Great. It says here on your resume that you speak several languages including
Korean?
T Yes, that is correct.
S That’s very impressive. As you know, for this position speaking Korean is preferred
but not required. We do offer opportunities for you to take some additional language
classes if you are interested.
T That would be great, thank you.
Quiz
1. from the original source; directly: __________
2. a post of employment; a job: _________
Answers │ firsthand, position
Unit 26 Interviewing a Candidate / 209

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
I understand that you recently moved to Korea. Is that
correct?
I understand that you ~. Is that correct? │ ~하신 것으로 알고 있습니다.
맞습니까?
- I understand that you worked HotTech

at Co. for the past five years. Is that correct?
- I understand that you studied for a year in China. Is that correct?
- I understand that you spent many years working in sales. Is that correct?
2
Could you please briefly explain why you moved here
and what you are hoping to achieve in Korea?
Could you please briefly explain ~? │ ~에 관하여 간략히 설명해주시겠습니까?
- Could you please briefly explain why you studied in Morocco for the past few years?
- Could you please briefly explain why you left your previous job?
- Could you please briefly explain why you want to switch industries?
3
It says here on your resume that you speak several
languages including Korean?
It says here on your resume that ~ │ 이력서에 의하면 ~
- It says here on your resume that you spent a few years in Switzerland?
- It says here on your resume that you worked in R&D (research and development) for ten years?
- It says here on your resume that you volunteered for a charitable organization for three years?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S So, ______________________(understand) recently moved to Korea.

_______________(correct)?
S ______________________________(explain) why you moved here and what

you are hoping to achieve in Korea?
T Well, I was an East Asian studies major and was always fascinated by Korea. By
spending time in Korea, I hope to learn more about its culture firsthand.
S So, I assume that you plan to be here for a few years, then?
T Yes, that’s the plan.
S Great. _____________________________(say, resume) you speak several

languages including Korean?
T Yes, that is correct.
S That’s very impressive. As you know, for this position speaking Korean is
preferred but not required. We do offer opportunities for you to take some
additional language classes if you are interested.
T That would be great, thank you.
Comprehension Check
1. Why did the candidate come to Korea?
2. What is the candidate’s strength?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 ______________________ studied for a year in China.

Is that correct?
2 __________________________________ why you left

your previous job?
3 __________________________________ you spent

a few years in Switzerland?
4 ______________________ spent many years working

in sales. Is that correct?
5 __________________________________ why you

want to switch industries?
6 __________________________________ you
volunteered for a charitable organization for three
years?
HINTS
I understand that you, could you please briefly explain, it says here on your
resume that

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Situation : foreign student from the United
You are interviewing a foreign student
Kingdom seeking summer internship.
for a summer internship position at your
- Question 1 : Ask why Korea.
company. Ask the student why she is
interested in your company, and why - Question 2 : Ask why interested in your company.
Korea. - Foreign employee support program :

language classes; hotline for help with
government communications.
1. Who are you interviewing and for what position?
2. What questions would you ask the candidate?
3. What kind of foreign employee support programs do you provide?
Step 2 Task
Interview the student. Ask why she came to Korea and also mention about your foreign
employee support program.
Sample Answer
So, I understand that you are studying in the UK. Is that correct? Can you please briefly explain why
you are interested in our company, and why Korea? We do have a series of support programs for our
foreign employees to help them adjust to life in Korea. This includes language courses and a hotline
to answer questions when dealing with government authorities.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Do you interview candidates as part of your job? If

so, how often? What type of questions do you ask?
2 What was the weirdest interview question you have

ever asked or been asked? What was the response?
3 How do you prepare for interviews? Do you get

nervous?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 한국에 오신지 얼마 되지 않은 것으로 알고 있습니다. 맞습니까?
2. 이곳에 온 이유와 한국에서 무엇을 성취하고자 하는지에 대해 간략히 설명해주시겠습니까?
3. 이력서에 의하면 한국어를 포함한 몇 개 국어를 구사하신다고요?
Sample Answer
1. I understand that you recently moved to Korea. Is that correct?
2. Could you please briefly explain why you moved here and what you are hoping to achieve in Korea?
3. It says here on your resume that you speak several languages including Korean?

Commercial real estate : For v. Since (Timing)
lease 임대 “For” refers to a length of time or
(*임대 종류별 상세 설명은 모바일/웹 복습 참조) duration while “since” is used to talk
· based on change of rent: fixed, step-up, index about the starting point of a particular
· based on range of payment: net, gross time period. For example, “I have been a
· based on accounting rules: capital, operating
manager for two years” means I have
lessor / landlord; lessee / tenant worked as a manager for two years and
임대인; 임차인 “I have been a manager since 2013”
sublease 전대 means I became a manager in 2013 and
mortgage / refinancing am still a manager.

주택담보대출/재금융
real estate investment trust (REIT)
부동산 투자신탁
base rate / rent 기준율/기준임대료
depreciation 감가상각

Chapter V
Unit
27 Dealing with
Complaints from
Customers
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to address complaints from
customers using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
사업에 있어 고객의 소리에 귀를 기울이는 것은 그 무엇보다도 중요합니다. 애프터 서비스 요청이라면

더욱 중요하겠죠? 청소기에서 타는 냄새가 나면서 작동을 멈췄다고 말하는 고객에게 청소기 작동 환경은
어땠는지 혹시, 머리카락과 같은 다른 이물질이 청소기 내부에 끼여 있던 것은 아닌지 친절하고 상냥한
자세로 질문하고 고장 원인을 파악해 봅니다. 만일 제품에 결함이 발견됐다면 눈물을 머금고 당연히 교체
또는 수리해 주어야 합니다.
여러분들이 고객을 직접 응대한다면 어떻게 하실 건가요? 관련 표현을 튜터와 함께 생생하게 연습해보세요.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
malfunction 기능 장애, 기능 불량
unit 기계, 장치
warranty (품질 등의) 보증
defect 결함
invoice 송장, 청구서

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S If I understand correctly, you purchased a vacuum from our store, but it seems to
be malfunctioning?
S Can you explain to me exactly what happened before the problem showed up and
describe as accurately as you can what exactly didn’t work?
T Well, it was working fine until the other day. It started to release smoke, and there
was an odd burning smell.
S Can you recall what you were vacuuming at the time? Was it on a hardwood floor
or on carpet? Did you open the unit to see if perhaps some hair got caught in the
machine or if there was some other object inside?
T I was vacuuming my rug. I didn’t notice any hairs or other objects inside.
S We do have a one-year warranty on parts for the vacuum. I will need to collect some
information from you and then we can arrange to pick up your product for servicing.
If there’s a defect, we will gladly replace the parts needed.
T Thank you.
S My pleasure. Please give me a few minutes to enter this data.
Quiz
1. to fail to function properly: ____________
2. a written assurance that some product or service will be provided or will meet certain
specifications: __________
Answers │ malfunction, warranty
Unit 27 Dealing with Complaints from Customers / 217

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
If I understand correctly, you purchased a vacuum from
our store?
If I understand correctly, ~ │ 제가 제대로 이해했다면 ~
- If I understand correctly, your new computer won’t boot?

- If I understand correctly, the dress you received is the wrong size?
- If I understand correctly, you wanted the special edition of the software right?
2 Can you recall what you were vacuuming at the time?

Can you recall ~? │ ~인지 생각나시나요?
- Can you recall what you were doing at the time you received the error message?
- Can you recall the last time the machine worked properly?
- Can you recall when you first noticed the problem?
3 If there’s a defect, we will gladly replace the parts needed.

We will gladly ~ │ 흔쾌히 ~해드리겠습니다
- We will gladly arrange for a free exchange of your product.

- We will gladly assist with recycling your old computer.
- We will gladly assist with transferring files from your old system to your new one.

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S ____________________(correctly), you purchased a vacuum from our store, but

it seems to be malfunctioning?
S Can you explain to me exactly what happened before the problem showed up and
describe as accurately as you can what exactly didn’t work?
T Well, it was working fine until the other day. It started to release smoke, and
there was an odd burning smell.
S ________________(recall) what you were vacuuming at the time? Was it on a

hardwood floor or on carpet? Did you open the unit to see if perhaps some hair
got caught in the machine or if there was some other object inside?
T I was vacuuming my rug. I didn’t notice any hairs or other objects inside.
S We do have a one-year warranty on parts for the vacuum. I will need to collect
some information from you and then we can arrange to pick up your product for
servicing. If there’s a defect, _______________(gladly) replace the parts needed.
T Thank you.
S My pleasure. Please give me a few minutes to enter this data.
Comprehension Check
1. What is the customer’s complaint about?
2. How is the problem dealt with?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 ________________ the last time the machine

worked properly?
2 _________________________, your new computer

won’t boot?
3 _______________ arrange for a free exchange of

your product.
4 _________________________, the dress you

received is the wrong size?
5 _______________ assist with recycling your old

computer.
6 ________________ when you first noticed

the problem?
HINTS
if I understand correctly, can you recall, we will gladly

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You work in finance at an office supply - Situation : Customer invoice has extra charges.
company. A customer called you to inquire - Confirm nature of customer’s problem.
about extra charges on their invoice. - Ask customer about last purchased items.
- Tell customer you will refund extra charges, and as
courtesy, will also give coupon for next purchase.
1. What is the customer’s complaint about?
2. How will you deal with the issue?
Step 2 Task
Collect information from the customer and tell the customer you will investigate further.
Sample Answer
If I understand correctly, you are calling because there are extra charges on your invoice you’d like us
to review? If that’s the case, let me pull up your invoice. Can you recall the last items you purchased?
If there are extra charges, we will gladly refund them right away, and as a courtesy, we will also
provide you with a coupon for your next purchase.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Have you had to deal with customer complaints

before? If so, which was the worst one, and why?
How did you handle it?
2 What do you think is the main reason why

customers file complaints about your company’s
products or services? How do you think your
company can prevent these types of issues?
3 What is the general process for escalating

a customer complaint at your company?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 제가 제대로 이해했다면, 저희 가게에서 청소기를 구매하셨다는 말씀이시군요?
2. 당시에 무엇을 청소하고 계셨는지 생각나시나요?
3. 결함이 있다면 필요한 부품을 흔쾌히 교체해드리겠습니다.
Sample Answer
1. If I understand correctly, you purchased a vacuum from our store?
2. Can you recall what you were vacuuming at the time?
3. If there’s a defect, we will gladly replace the parts needed.

Customer service : have/get a foot in the door
front-line service provider
기회를 얻다
최전방의 서비스 공급자
escalation 단계적 확대 Definition
to have an opportunity
integrated ITSM solutions
통합된 IT 서비스 관리 솔루션
Example
knowledge management system (KMS) The key to successful job hunting is
지식 관리 시스템 getting a foot in the door; everything is
workaround 차선책 easy once they give you a chance to talk
total quality management (TQM) to them.
종합 품질 관리
resolution data
이슈 처리에 대한 데이터
multi-level model 다층 모형

Chapter V
Unit
28 Delegating
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to delegate tasks to team
members using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
다음 주로 다가온 엑스포 준비에 정신 없는 나날을 보내고 있습니다. 다행히도 한 동료가 도와주겠다고

나섭니다. 하나부터 열까지 모든 일을 혼자 해야 마음이 놓이는 성격 탓에 내키진 않지만 자의 반 타의 반 일부
업무를 위임합니다. 포스터와 브로슈어 디자인을 포함한 마케팅 관련 일을 부탁하고 원활한 업무
진행을 위해 관련 담당자가 누군지도 알려줍니다.
그리고 하나 더! 진행 상황에 대한 중간보고 요청도 잊지 않습니다. 오늘은 동료에게 업무 위임을

해보겠습니다. 업무 위임관 관련된 표현에는 어떤 것들이 있을까요?
Before class 1
Vocabulary
delegate (권한, 의무 등을) 위임하다
control freak 만사를 자기 뜻대로 하고 싶어하는 사람
micromanage 지나치게 세세한 부분까지 관리하다
specific requirement 상세 요구사항
close of business 영업 종료

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T So, how’s preparing for the expo next week coming along?
S I’ve been so busy, I feel like I’m going crazy.
T Oh? Do you need some help?
S Well, I appreciate the offer, but sometimes delegating work can be difficult. I’m a bit of
a control freak and like to micromanage people when they work on a task I give them.
T Why’s that?
S Well, from past experiences, when I ask someone to do something for me, I end up
having to redo a lot of the work. It’s more efficient if I just do it myself.
T That does happen sometimes, but still, if you need help, I am free.
S The deadline is coming up soon, and since I don’t have much time on my hands,
could you please work on organizing the marketing materials for me, including
designing the poster and brochure layouts?
T Of course, I can. Are there any specific requirements for the layouts?
S Please work with Mary. She has prepared expo posters for this product line in the past.
She’ll have some examples for you to follow. Could you please report back to me on
the status of the layouts by the close of business on Thursday?
Quiz
1. to manage or control with excessive attention to minor details: ___________
2. the end of the business day: ______ ___ __________
Answers │ micromanage, close of business
Unit 28 Delegating / 225

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1
Since I don’t have much time on my hands, could you
please work on organizing the marketing materials for me?
Since I don’t have much time on my hands, could you please ~ for me?│
제가 시간이 많지 않아서 그런데, 저 대신 ~ 해주시겠어요?
- Since I don’t have much time on my hands, could you please take over this project for me?
- Since I don’t have much time on my hands, could you please organize these files for me?
- Since I don’t have much time on my hands, could you please finish checking the inventory
for me?
2
Please work with Mary. She has prepared expo posters for
this product line in the past.
Please work with ~ │ ~와 함께 진행해주세요
- Please work with Sally to finalize all the materials.

- Please work with Marcus to complete these diagrams.
- Please work with James to review these reports.
3 Could you please report back to me on the status of the

layouts by the close of business on Thursday?
Could you please report back to me ~? │ ~에 대해 저에게 다시 보고해주시겠어요?
- Could you please report back to me by the end of the week?

- Could you please report back to me with an update early next week?
- Could you please report back to me daily on how the project is coming along?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T So, how’s preparing for the expo next week coming along?
S I’ve been so busy, I feel like I’m going crazy.
T Oh? Do you need some help?
S Well, I appreciate the offer, but sometimes delegating work can be difficult. I’m a bit
of a control freak and like to micromanage people when they work on a task I give
them.
T Why’s that?
S Well, from past experiences, when I ask someone to do something for me, I end up
having to redo a lot of the work. It’s more efficient if I just do it myself.
T That does happen sometimes, but still, if you need help, I am free.
S The deadline is coming up soon, and _________________________(time, hands),

___________(please) work on organizing the marketing materials _______, including
designing the poster and brochure layouts?
T Of course, I can. Are there any specific requirements for the layouts?
S __________________(with) Mary. She has prepared expo posters for this product line
in the past. She’ll have some examples for you to follow.
____________________________(report) on the status of the layouts by the close of
business on Thursday?
Comprehension Check
1. Why does S have trouble delegating work?
2. What work does S delegate to T?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 Since I don’t ___________________________,

________________ take over this project for me?
2 _________________ Sally to finalize all

the materials.
3 Could you please ___________________ by

the end of the week?
4 Since I don’t ___________________________,

________________ organize these files for me?
5 _________________ James to review

these reports.
6 Could you please ___________________ with

an update early next week?
HINTS
have much time on my hands ~ could you please, please work with,
report back to me

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Situation : assembly line problem at the bottling
You have a busy schedule, but it seems a
plant.
problem arose at your company’s bottling
- Reason for delegating : have meetings all day.
plant. You do not have time to go, so you
ask a team member to visit the plant and - Delegated Task 1 : visit plant today and assess
the exact problem.
provide an accurate report of the situation.
- Delegated Task 2 : report back by end of day.
2. What do you ask your team member to do?
Step 2 Task
Delegate the task to a team member. Explain what he has to do in detail.
Sample Answer
There seems to be a problem with the assembly line at the bottling plant, but I have a lot of meetings
today and won’t be able to go myself. Since I don’t have much time, could you please visit the plant
for me this afternoon and assess the problem? Once you visit, please report back to me by the end of
the day with details on what the exact problem is.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 How often do you delegate tasks to others? If you

do delegate, what type of work do you generally
delegate and how?
2 Do you consider yourself a micromanager or

do you let people handle delegated tasks with
little supervision?
3 Do you think delegating work when you are busy is

a timesaver or do you feel it better to do the work
yourself?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 제가 시간이 많지 않아서 그런데, 저 대신 마케팅 자료 구성 작업을 해주시겠어요?
2. 메리와 함께 진행해주세요. 그녀는 이 제품 라인에 대한 엑스포 포스터를 제작해본

경험이 있습니다.
3. 목요일 퇴근 전까지 레이아웃 현황에 관하여 저에게 다시 보고해주시겠어요?
Sample Answer
1. Since I don’t have much time on my hands, could you please work on organizing the marketing
materials for me?
2. Please work with Mary. She has prepared expo posters for this product line in the past.
3. Could you please report back to me on the status of the layouts by the close of business on Thursday?

Payments : “Even if” v. “Even though”
electronic funds transfer (EFT) “Even if” suggests a possibility while
온라인 자금 이체 “even though” is used in reference to a
card verification value (CVV) fact, e.g., “Even if it might snow, we’ll
카드 인증값 continue with the show” and “even
automated clearing house (ACH) though it is snowing, the show will
자동결제 continue.”
payment card industry (PCI)

지불 카드 산업
data security standard (DSS)
데이터 보안 표준
settlement 결산, 지불
terminal 단말기
point of sale (POS) 매장

Chapter V
Unit
29 Compromising
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to negotiate compromises
공급사가 난데없이 단가를 다시 협상해 줄 것을 요청합니다. 원자재 및 가스 가격 상승분을 반영해

10% 인상을 요구하는데요. 원자재 가격이야 다시 하락할 수 있기에 10% 인상은 받아들일 수 없습니다.
대신 3개월 마다 점진적으로 5%씩 인상할 것을 대안으로 제시합니다. 이렇듯 비즈니스에서는 밀고
당겨야 하는 상황이 종종 발생하죠?
오늘은 앞으로 발생할지 모르는 절충 상황을 미리 학습하여 대비해 보도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
renegotiate 재교섭하다, 재조정하다
price terms 가격 조건
gas price 석유값
doable 이행 가능한
gradual increase 점진적인 증가

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S If I understand you correctly, you want to renegotiate the price terms in our contract.
Is that correct?
T Yes, that’s right. We’d like a 10% increase.
S A 10% increase is significant. Could you please explain why the large increase?
T Well, cost for materials and gas prices have increased. We will lose money with our
current price.
S I see your point, but I also have to consider what is best for our company. A sudden
10% increase in the contract price might not be doable. Also, materials and gas prices
vary a lot. They may decrease again. Then we’re at a loss. However, we do want to
continue working with you.
T As do we.
S How do you feel about a gradual increase in price terms with some conditions?
T Can you please explain further?
S If I agree to an increase in the price by 5% for the next three months and then another
5% after that, then would you be willing to give us the option to buy additional
products at a discounted rate?
Quiz
1. to negotiate again in order to alter or change previously agreed terms: __________
2. a statement of the agreed price in a sales agreement or contract: _______ _______
Answers │ renegotiate, price terms
Unit 29 Compromising / 233

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I see your point, but I also have to consider what is best for
our company.
I see your point, but ~ │ 말씀하시는 요지는 알겠습니다만 ~
- I see your point, but we have to think about other factors.

- I see your point, but that would strain our own budget.
- I see your point, but that would require many adjustments on our end.
2 How do you feel about a gradual increase in price terms

with some conditions?
How do you feel about ~? │ ~에 대해 어떻게 생각하시나요?
- How do you feel about reducing the unit price for these items?
- How do you feel about increasing our advertising budget?
- How do you feel about moving up the due date?
3 If I agree to an increase in the price, then would you be

willing to give us the option to buy additional products at
a discounted rate?
If I agree to ~, then would you be willing to ~? │ 제가 ~하는 것에 동의한다면,
~하실 의향이 있으신가요?
- If I agree to lower the unit price, then would you be willing to purchase more products?
- If I agree to waive this penalty fee, then would you be willing to accept a slight increase in
interest rate?
- If I agree to change the specifications on this product, then would you be willing to
guarantee a larger purchase volume?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S If I understand you correctly, you want to renegotiate the price terms in our
contract. Is that correct?
T Yes, that’s right. We’d like a 10% increase.
S A 10% increase is significant. Could you please explain why the large increase?
T Well, cost for materials and gas prices have increased. We will lose money with
our current price.
S ___________________(point) I also have to consider what is best for our

company. A sudden 10% increase in the contract price might not be doable. Also,
materials and gas prices vary a lot. They may decrease again. Then we’re at a
loss. However, we do want to continue working with you.
T As do we.
S ______________________(feel) a gradual increase in price terms with some

conditions?
T Can you please explain further?
S ______________(agree) an increase in the price by 5% for the next three months

and then another 5% after that, ________________________(willing) give us the
option to buy additional products at a discounted rate?
Comprehension Check
2. What is S’s alternative proposal?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 _________________________ increasing
our advertising budget?
2 _____________________ we have to think about

other factors.
3 ____________ lower the unit price,

_____________________________ purchase more
products?
4 _____________________ that would strain our

own budget.
5 _________________________ moving up
the due date?
6 ____________ waive this penalty fee,

_____________________________ accept a slight
increase in interest rate?
HINTS
I see your point but, how do you feel about, if I agree to ~ then would you be
willing to

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Situation : deadline is Friday, but you leave for
You are trying to meet an internal deadline
vacation then.
for a report before you go on vacation.
- Suggestion : push back deadline to next Monday.
Unfortunately, it looks like you will not be
able to finish in time. You suggest a - Condition 1 : willing to work remotely during your
vacation to finish project.
compromise with your boss so that you do
not have to cancel your vacation. - Condition 2 : willing to take on another project as
soon as you return from vacation.
2. What is your suggestion?
3. In what conditions do you make your suggestion?
Step 2 Task
Compromise the deadline for the report with your boss.
Sample Answer
I realize the deadline is Friday, but I don’t think I’ll make it since I leave for vacation then. How do
you feel about pushing the deadline back to next Monday? If you agree to that, then I am willing to
work remotely during vacation to finish the project and also take on another project as soon as I
return from vacation.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Do you generally make compromises in negotiations

or tend to not budge?
2 When making compromises, do you feel that you

often give in too much?
3 What do you think are good strategies for making

successful compromises?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 말씀하시는 요지는 알겠습니다만, 저희 회사에게 있어서 무엇이 최선인지도 고려해야

합니다.
2. 몇 가지 조건 하에 가격 조건을 점진적으로 높이는 것에 대해서는 어떻게 생각하시나요?
3. 가격을 높이는 데에 제가 동의한다면, 상품을 할인된 가격에 추가 구매할 수 있는 선택권을

주실 의향이 있으신가요?
Sample Answer
1. I see your point, but I also have to consider what is best for our company.
2. How do you feel about a gradual increase in price terms with some conditions?
3. If I agree to an increase in the price, then would you be willing to give us the option to buy
additional products at a discounted rate?

Insurance : red tape
annuity 연금
형식주의적인 절차
insurer / insured 보험회사/피보험자

Definition
policy (policy owner, policy period, policy
a series of actions or complicated tasks
loan)
보험증권 (보험가입자, 보험기간, 증권담보융자) that seem unnecessary but that an
organization requires you to do in order
copayment / premium 공동부담/보험료
to get or do something
underwriting 보증
disbursement 지급금 Example

There’s a lot of red tape when trying to
loss (보험금 지급 대상이 되는) 사망, 손해, 사고
process insurance claims to receive
disbursements.

Chapter V
Unit
Review
30 Specific Goal
Communication conduct a conference call
via telephone using
this chapter.
Before class
Key Expressions
1 If I understand correctly, you purchased a vacuum from

our store?
If I understand correctly, ~ │ 제가 제대로 이해했다면 ~
- If I understand correctly, your new computer won’t boot?
- If I understand correctly, the dress you received is the wrong size?
- If I understand correctly, you wanted the special edition of the software right?
2 Could you please briefly explain why you moved here and
what you are hoping to achieve in Korea.
Could you please briefly explain ~?│ ~에 관하여 간략히 설명해주시겠어요?
- Could you please briefly explain why you studied in Morocco for the past few years?
- Could you please briefly explain why you left your previous job?
- Could you please briefly explain why you want to switch industries?
3
If I agree to an increase in the price, then would you be
willing to give us the option to buy additional products at
a discounted rate?
If I agree to ~, then would you be willing to ~?│ 제가 ~하는 것에 동의한다면,
~하실 의향이 있으신가요?
- If I agree to lower the unit price, then would you be willing to purchase more products?
- If I agree to waive this penalty fee, then would you be willing to accept a slight increase in
interest rate?
- If I agree to change the specifications on this product, then would you be willing to guarantee
a larger purchase volume?

1:1 Practice 1
Role Play
Situation Roles
You work at a large real estate development Student
company Shoparama Ltd. Your job is to Name: Your name
negotiate obtaining a road access point for a Company: Shoparama Ltd. (real estate
development company)
new shopping mall development. Without
Title: Property Development Manager
this access point, customers would not be
Tutor
able to drive to your new mall. You call the
owner of the adjacent property to discuss Name : Ms. Carlyle [Tasks 1 and 2];
obtaining permission to build a road through Secretary [Task 3]
Company : Meditative Retreats Inc.
her property.
Task 1
Task 1
- Call Ms. Carlyle.
- Greetings; small talk (winter storm last week).
- Ask to discuss obtaining permission to build
road through her property.
- Situation: Ms. Carlyle is concerned about
pollution and traffic on her property.
- Offer to pay a nice fee for use and to work
together to minimize traffic and pollution in area.
Task 2
Task 2
- Call Ms. Carlyle.
- Situation: Ms. Carlyle picks up the phone but needs to step
out to a meeting.
- Quickly explain why you called (to discuss road access
through her property).
Task 3
Task 3
- Call Ms. Carlyle.
- Situation: Ms. Carlyle is out of the office. Secretary answers.
- Ask when Ms. Carlyle will return and to leave a message with
the secretary for Ms. Carlyle.
Unit 30 Review – Specific Communication / 241

1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 If you have a tight deadline, do you sometimes ask

favors from your colleagues to help? If so, what kind
of favors do you ask?
2 Do you find some types of issues difficult to

compromise? If so, what kinds and why?
3 What is your company’s policy on offering

compromises in situations of customer complaints?

After class
Biz Plus
Grammar & Usage
People
“People” is always plural (e.g., “People

are happy today”). “Person” is singular
(e.g., “One person did all the work.”).
While “peoples” and "persons" are used
in very limited contexts, they should “Do what you feel in your heart to be
generally be avoided.
right – for you’ll be criticized anyway.”
-Eleanor Roosevelt
“The biggest risk is not taking any risk...

In a world that's changing really quickly,
the only strategy that is guaranteed to fail
is not taking risks.”
-Mark Zuckerberg
“It takes 20 years to build a reputation

and five minutes to ruin it. If you think
about that, you'll do things differently.”
-Warren Buffett
“The art of leadership is saying no, not

saying yes. It is very easy to say yes.”
-Tony Blair
“Whatever you are, be a good one.”

-Abraham Lincoln
Unit 30 Review – Specific Communication / 243

Business
course
Pro
Chapter VI
Business Trips
Unit 31
Checking In and Out
Unit 32
Asking for Directions
Unit 33
Adjusting Transportation
Unit 34
Dining Out
Unit 35
Reporting Back After a Business Trip
Unit 36
Review – Business Trips
Chapter Ⅵ
Unit
31 Checking In
and Out
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to check in and out of
accommodations using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
바우처를 미리 챙겼더니 호텔 체크인이 한결 수월합니다. 그럼 내친 김에 업그레이드도 요구해

봐야겠습니다. 오늘은 운도 따라주는지 무료 업그레이드 서비스도 받았습니다. 마지막으로 혹시
생길지 모르는 미팅 상황에 대비해 회의실 및 팩스 그리고 프린터기의 사용 가능 여부도 확인합니다.
모든 시설들이 완벽하게 구비되어 있네요.
자, 해외 출장길에 빠지지 않는 관문인 호텔 체크인을 튜터와 함께 연습해 보도록 하겠습니다.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
voucher 영수증, 상품 교환권, 증거 서류
deluxe room 디럭스 룸 (스탠더드 룸보다 높은 등급의 호텔 객실 종류)
amenity 편의시설
business center 컴퓨터, 프린터 등이 갖춰진 호텔 부대시설
complimentary continental breakfast

간단히 커피와 빵이 제공되는 무료 아침식사
dining facility 식당 시설

Chapter Ⅵ Business Trips
Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T Good morning. How can I help you?
S Good morning. I have a reservation here and would like to check in.
T What’s your name?
S My name and reservation number are here on this voucher.
T Thank you. One moment, please. It says here you have a deluxe room, right?
S Yes, that’s right. Is it possible to upgrade my room? Also, can you please make sure
it is a nonsmoking room?
T All rooms at our hotel are nonsmoking. We have a special promotion for a free
upgrade. Here’s your key card for room 1122. Please return this at check out.
S Thank you. Also, what amenities do you offer? Do you have a business center?
T Yes, we do. You can fax and print in our main floor conference center. Here’s a
brochure listing all our amenities. Also, we have complimentary continental breakfast
at our dining facilities on the main floor. We also have a selection of newspapers to be
delivered in the mornings. Which would you prefer?
S Any will do. Thank you.
Quiz
1. a document serving as evidence for some claimed transaction, as the receipt or
expenditure of money: _________
2. a useful or pleasant facility or service: _________
Answers │ voucher, amenity
Unit 31 Checking In and Out / 247

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I have a reservation here and would like to check in.

I have a reservation │ ~에 예약하였습니다
- I have a reservation under the name Thomas Lee.

- I have a reservation for a table at 7:00 p.m.
- I have a reservation for two this evening.
2 Is it possible to upgrade my room?

Is it possible to upgrade ~? │ ~를 업그레이드 하는 것이 가능할까요?
- Is it possible to upgrade to a seaside room?

- Is it possible to upgrade my service plan for my cellular phone?
- Is it possible to upgrade my membership status?
3 Can you please make sure it is a nonsmoking room?

Can you please make sure ~? │ ~를 확인해주시겠습니까?
- Can you please make sure to give me a wake-

up call at 6:00 a.m.?
- Can you please make sure that I’m not disturbed for the next few hours?
- Can you please make sure to have my suit pressed by this afternoon?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T Good morning. How can I help you?
S Good morning. _________________(reservation) here and would like to check in.
T What’s your name?
S My name and reservation number are here on this voucher.
T Thank you. One moment, please. It says here you have a deluxe room, right?
S Yes, that’s right. __________________(upgrade) my room? Also,

____________________(make sure) it is a nonsmoking room?
T All rooms at our hotel are nonsmoking. We have a special promotion for a free
upgrade. Here’s your key card for room 1122. Please return this at check out.
S Thank you. Also, what amenities do you offer? Do you have a business center?
T Yes, we do. You can fax and print in our main floor conference center. Here’s a
brochure listing all our amenities. Also, we have complimentary continental
breakfast at our dining facilities on the main floor. We also have a selection of
newspapers to be delivered in the mornings. Which would you prefer?
S Any will do. Thank you.
Comprehension Check
1. What is the guest’s request regarding the room?
2. What kind of amenities does the hotel offer?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 _________________________ to a seaside room?
2 ___________________________ to give me
a wake-up call at 6:00 a.m.?
3 _____________________ for a table at 7:00 p.m.
4 _________________________ my membership
status?
5 ___________________________ to have my suit

pressed by this afternoon?
6 _____________________ for two this evening.
HINTS
I have a reservation, is it possible to upgrade, can you please make sure

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You are on a business trip in Chicago. You - Check in under your name.
need to check into your hotel but wanted to - Ask for a wakeup call at 7:00 a.m.
ask for a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m. and ask - You need to fax documents sometime
about certain services and amenities. today and expect a response by fax.
- Ask for shuttle service to the airport
on Friday at 1:00 p.m.
1. What do you ask the hotel to do in the morning?
2. Do you need to use the business center? Why?
3. How will you get to the airport on Friday?
Step 2 Task
Check in to your hotel and ask about the services and amenities you need.
Sample Answer
Good morning. I have a reservation under Jamie Kim for a double room and would like to check in.
Could I also receive a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m. tomorrow morning? Sometime today, I have a few
documents to fax and am expecting a fax in return. Do you have a business center I can use? Finally,
could you please arrange for shuttle service to the airport on Friday at 1:00 p.m.? Thank you.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 What types of amenities do you prefer at a hotel

while on business trips?
2 What were the best and worst hotels you have

visited? Why?
3 On business trips, some people prefer to have

a hotel close to the airport, while others prefer a hotel
downtown. Which do you prefer, and why?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 방을 예약하였으며, 체크인하고 싶습니다.
2. 방을 업그레이드 하는 것이 가능할까요?
3. 금연 객실이 맞는지 확인해주시겠어요
Sample Answer
1. I have a reservation here and would like to check in.
2. Is it possible to upgrade my room?
3. Can you please make sure it is a nonsmoking room?

Hospitality : see eye to eye
food and beverage (F&B) 식료품업
견해가 일치하다
full-service hotel 모닝콜, 룸 서비스, 무료 셔틀

Definition
등 각종 서비스를 제공하는 호텔
to be able to come to an agreement
limited service hotel
제한적인 서비스를 제공하는 호텔
occupancy (호텔 객실의) 사용 Example
average daily rate (ADR) 일 평균 객실요금 Even though people may not see eye to
eye, people can still reach a compromise.
property improvement plan (PIP)
호텔이 특정 브랜드의 프랜차이즈로 인정받기 위해
시설 개선 혹은 교체해야 할 사항들이 상세 기록된 문
서
segmentation (by source of business and by
revenue source) 시장세분화
lose-it rate 투숙객을 받는 것이 방을 비워두는
것보다 오히려 더 손해가 되는 금액
stay-pattern management 숙박 패턴 관리

Chapter Ⅵ
Unit
32 Asking
for
Directions
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to ask and confirm
directions to various locations using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
처음 방문한 해외 출장지에서 목적지를 찾아가기란 쉽지 않습니다. 택시를 이용하는 것이 가장 쉬운

방법이겠지만 무작정 탈 수도 없는 법. 호텔 프런트에서 목적지인 엑스포 센터까지 어떻게 가는지 먼저 물어
봅니다. 위치, 거리, 예상 소요시간 및 요금을 미리 확인하고 출발한다면 낯선 환경이 주는 불안감도 줄어들겠
죠? 참, 택시 기사에게 팁을 줘야 하는지도 미리 확인해두세요. 나라마다 문화가 다르니까요.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
porter 투숙객의 짐을 운반해주는 호텔 직원
taxi stand 택시 정류장
customary 관례로 되어있는
concierge desk 안내 데스크

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T Can I help you?
S Yes, please. I need to go to the Expo Center but am not sure about how to get there.
What’s the best way to get to this location? Here’s the address.
T It’s on the other side of town. It would be best to take a taxi.
S I see. I’m not familiar with the taxi system here. Approximately how long would it
take by taxi, and what should be the average cost?
T It should take maybe 20 minutes, depending on traffic, and cost about $15.
S Okay, great. Thank you. I need to arrive at the Expo Center by 2:00 p.m. If I leave
around 1:30, will that be enough time?
T Around 1:30, we do have a bit of traffic. You might want to leave at 1:00.
S Thank you. And can I just grab a taxi right outside of the hotel? And what about
returning back to the hotel?
T We have plenty of cabs that stop by at the hotel. You can simply ask the porter for
assistance. For your return trip, there are many blue taxi stands near the center.
S Also, to confirm, do I need to tip the taxi driver? If so, how much is customary?
T Ah, yes. We usually tip drivers. $1-2 should be plenty.
Quiz
1. a person employed to carry luggage at a hotel: _______
2. in accordance with custom or habitual practice: ___________
Answers │ porter, customary
Unit 32 Asking for Directions / 255

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 What’s the best way to get to this location?

What’s the best way to ~? │ ~하는 가장 좋은 방법이 무엇인가요?
- What’s the best way to get to the train station?

- What’s the best way to get to the airport from here?
- What’s the best way to get to this convention center?
2
Approximately how long would it take by taxi, and what
should be the average cost?
Approximately how long would it take by ~? │ ~를 이용하면 시간이 대략
어느 정도 걸릴까요?
- Approximately how long would it take by subway to this location?

- Approximately how long would it take by foot to get to this restaurant?
- Approximately how long would it take to drive from here to Dallas?
3 To confirm, do I need to tip the taxi driver?

To confirm, do I need to ~? │ 확인 차 여쭤보자면, ~를 해야 하나요?
- To confirm, do I need to carry any special identification with me to this place?

- To confirm, do I need to call and reserve a table in advance?
- To confirm, do I need to book a ticket in advance?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T Can I help you?
S Yes, please. I need to go to the Expo Center but am not sure about how to get there.
_____________________(best way) get to this location? Here’s the address.
T It’s on the other side of town. It would be best to take a taxi.
S I see. I’m not familiar with the taxi system here.

_____________________________(long) taxi, and what should be the average cost?
T It should take maybe 20 minutes, depending on traffic, and cost about $15.
S Okay, great. Thank you. I need to arrive at the Expo Center by 2:00 p.m. If I leave
around 1:30, will that be enough time?
T Around 1:30, we do have a bit of traffic. You might want to leave at 1:00.
S Thank you. And can I just grab a taxi right outside of the hotel? And what about
returning back to the hotel?
T We have plenty of cabs that stop by at the hotel. You can simply ask the porter for
assistance. For your return trip, there are many blue taxi stands near the center.
S Also, _______________________(confirm) tip the taxi driver? If so, how much is

customary?
T Ah, yes. We usually tip drivers. $1-2 should be plenty.
Comprehension Check
1. At what time should S leave and why?
2. What should S do in terms of tipping?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 ________________________ get to the train station?
2 ____________________________________________
subway to this location?
3 ___________, _____________ call and reserve

a table in advance?
4 ________________________ get to the airport

from here?
5 ___________, _____________ book

a ticket in advance?
6 ____________________________________________
foot to get to this restaurant?
HINTS
what’s the best way to, approximately how long would it take by,
to confirm ~ do I need to

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
- Situation : Meeting with client at a restaurant
You are in New York City on a business
downtown tomorrow at 7:00 p.m.
trip. You ask the concierge desk at your - Question 1 : Best transportation method.
hotel for directions to a restaurant - Question 2 : Time and cost for transportation.
downtown where you will be meeting a - Question 3 : Whether reservation required
client. for a table.
1. Where are you going and why?
2. What do you ask about the transportation?
3. What do you ask about the restaurant?
Step 2 Task
Ask the concierge desk about the directions to the restaurant downtown.
Sample Answer
Excuse me. Could you help me, please? I am meeting my client at a restaurant downtown tomorrow at
7:00 p.m. and had a few questions. What’s the best way to get to this restaurant? Also, approximately
how long would it take, and how much would it cost? Finally, to confirm, do I need to reserve a table?
If so, could you please help me with this? Thank you.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Are you the type of person who likes to ask directions

ahead of time or just venture out on your own? Why?
2 Have you had an experience where you got lost

while traveling? What happened, and how did you
find your way to your destination?
3 Foreigners are often worried about whether someone

will help them with directions. Have you ever had
difficulties getting directions? What types of people
have helped you? Hotel staff? A random person on
the street? A police officer?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 이곳까지 가는 가장 좋은 방법은 무엇인가요?
2. 택시로는 대략 시간이 어느 정도 걸리고, 평균 요금은 얼마인가요?
3. 확인 차 여쭤보자면, 택시 기사에게 팁을 지불해야 하나요?
Sample Answer
1. What’s the best way to get to this location?
2. Approximately how long would it take by taxi, and what should be the average cost?
3. To confirm, do I need to tip the taxi driver?

Construction : “All” & “All the” v. “All of the”
scheme/schematic 설계/설계도 In truth, the English language changes a lot.
“All + noun” is used to talk generally about a
bid bond 입찰보증
group of things as a whole. “All the + noun” is
contract bond 계약 이행 보증 used to talk about a specific group of things.
surety 보증, 담보, 보증인 The use of “of” is actually optional. In spoken
language, people use it frequently; however,
furniture, fixtures and equipment (FF&E)
in writing, it is best to delete “of” to be more
사업체 매매에 포함되는 가구, 시설 및 장비
(설비 공사) concise because the preposition is
unnecessary.
improvement 개량 공사
hard costs and soft costs 설비비 및 부대비용 E.g., “All New Yorkers are kind” and “All the
slack time 여분의 작업 시간 students loved the ice cream party” are both
acceptable. Alternatively, “All of the students
loved the ice cream party.” But do not say,
“All of the New Yorkers are kind.” Why? “New
Yorkers” is a proper noun and not a general
noun, so “the” should not be used.

Chapter Ⅵ
Unit
33 Adjusting
Transportation
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to discuss transportation
arrangements using new vocabulary and speech patterns.
모든 출장 일정이 계획대로 진행되면 좋겠지만 그렇지 못한 경우도 다반사! 갑작스러운 일정 변경이 발생한
다면 예약해 놓은 항공권도 변경해야 합니다. 추가 요금 발생 여부를 물으니 200달러나 더 내라네요. 하지만
기왕 이렇게 됐으니 좌석이라도 업그레이드해야겠습니다. 비즈니스까지는 못하더라도 이코노미 컴포트
(Economy Comfort)까지는 괜찮을 것 같습니다.
여러분의 상황이라 생각하고 항공권 예약을 변경해 보도록 할까요?
Before class 1
Vocabulary
change fee 변경 비용
on record 기록된, 기록이 남아 있는
economy comfort 이코노미 컴포트 (이코노미보다 높고 비즈니스보다 낮은 좌석 등급)
aisle seat 통로 쪽 좌석
window seat 창가 쪽 좌석

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T Hello, how may I help you?
S Hello. I need some help changing my reservation. I was originally scheduled to fly
out tomorrow at 9:00 a.m., but I need to change it to around the same time, the day
after tomorrow.
T Sure, I can help you with that.
S Will there be any additional charges for the change?
T Yes, let me look that up for you. There’s a $200 change fee plus the difference in
ticket price, if there is any.
S Okay. My company booked this ticket on their account. Could these fees be charged to
that account?
T Since we have the information on record at our travel agency, yes we can.
S Great, thank you. Also, would it be possible to upgrade from economy to economy
comfort?
T Sure. Would you like an aisle seat or window seat?
S Window would be perfect, thank you.
Quiz
1. charge levied on making a material change in a concluded
arrangement: ________ _____
2. a seat in a train, plane, etc, next to an aisle: _____ ______
Answers │ change fee, aisle seat
Unit 33 Adjusting Transportation / 263

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I was originally scheduled to fly out tomorrow at 9:00 a.m.

be originally scheduled to │ ~하기로 원래 일정이 잡혀있다
- She was originally scheduled to drive out on Monday morning.

- Joe was originally scheduled to take the train at 2:40 p.m.
- They were originally scheduled to arrive at 6:25 a.m. this morning.
2 Will there be any additional charges for the change?

Will there be any additional charges ~? │ 추가 요금을 내야 하나요?
- Will there be any additional charges for the upgrade?

- Will there be any additional charges for the cancellation?
- Will there be any additional charges for extending our stay at the hotel?
3 Would it be possible to upgrade from economy to

economy comfort?
Would it be possible to ~? │ ~하는 것이 가능할까요?
- Would it be possible to change my hotel room?

- Would it be possible to check in oversized baggage?
- Would it be possible to order an additional drink with this set menu?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T Hello, how may I help you?
S Hello. I need some help changing my reservation. I

________________________(schedule) fly out tomorrow at 9:00 a.m., but I
need to change it to around the same time, the day after tomorrow.
T Sure, I can help you with that.
S _________________________(charges) for the change?
T Yes, let me look that up for you. There’s a $200 change fee plus the difference in
ticket price, if there is any.
S Okay. My company booked this ticket on their account. Could these fees be
charged to that account?
T Since we have the information on record at our travel agency, yes we can.
S Great, thank you. Also, _____________________(possible) upgrade from

economy to economy comfort?
T Sure. Would you like an aisle seat or window seat?
S Window would be perfect, thank you.
Comprehension Check
1. What changes does S want to make to his/her flight schedule?
2. Are there additional charges for the change of schedule?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 She was _____________________ drive out

on Monday morning.
2 _____________________________________ for the

upgrade?
3 _________________________ change
my hotel room?
4 Joe was _____________________ take the train

at 2:40 p.m.
5 _____________________________________ for the

cancellation?
6 _________________________ check in oversized

baggage?
HINTS
originally scheduled to, will there be any additional charges, would it be
possible to

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You are on a business trip in Miami and - Situation : Extend your trip by four days.
decide you would like to extend your stay - Request 1 : Add three nights to hotel room.
for a few days for vacation before - Request 2 : Change room to seaside view.
returning back home.
- Request 3 : Change flight to Monday afternoon.
1. What is the purpose of the call?
2. Which view do you want to change the room to?
3. When would you like to change the flight schedule to?
Step 2 Task
Contact the travel agency to adjust your accommodations and transportation.
Sample Answer
I was originally scheduled to check out of the hotel tomorrow, but would it be possible to extend for
three more nights? If so, could I also have my room changed? Will there be any additional charges
for a seaside view? Also, could you please adjust my flight to next Monday afternoon? Thank you.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 Have you ever had to adjust transportation and

accommodations while on a business trip? What
was the reason for the adjustment? Work-related?
Personal?
2 Have you ever had a travel agent make a mistake

when booking your reservation? If so, what happened,
and how was it resolved?
3 If you could improve your company’s travel

arrangement policies for business trips, how would
you change them, and why?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 저는 내일 오전 9시에 출발하는 것으로 원래 일정이 잡혀있었습니다.
2. 변동사항에 대한 추가 요금을 지불해야 하나요?
3. 이코노미에서 이코노미 컴포트 좌석으로 업그레이드 하는 것이 가능할까요?
Sample Answer
1. I was originally scheduled to fly out tomorrow at 9:00 a.m.
2. Will there be any additional charges for the change?
3. Would it be possible to upgrade from economy to economy comfort?

Currency trading : grey area
currency pair 외환거래에서 기준통화와
이도 저도 아닌 애매한 중간 영역
상대통화가 함께 표시된 이종통화
base currency 기준통화 Definition
a topic that is clearly not one thing or
quote currency 상대통화
the other
bid 매입
ask 매도 Example
There’s a lot of grey area on this issue,
spread 매입 가격과 매도 가격의 차이
so there’s no clear right or wrong
fractional pip/pipette method to handle this problem.
외환거래 가격이 소수점 이하 5자리 혹은 3자리까지
표시되는 경우 끝자리 단위를 fractional pip이라 부
르며, 끝자리 움직임을 pipette이라 부름 (pip = price
interest point)
position (opening, closing, entry, exit)
외환 거래 참여자의 거래 상황
(*포지션 종류별 상세 설명은 모바일/췝 복습 참조)

Chapter Ⅵ
Unit
34 Dining Out
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to discuss menus and cuisines
한국 출장이 처음인 바이어와의 저녁 식사. 당연히 한국의 전통과 음식문화를 소개할 수 있는 한식당으로 초
대했습니다. 하지만 좋은 음식과 분위기는 바이어도 어느 정도 예상했을 터. 음식의 맛과 분위기를 한층 더 살
려줄 세심한 배려가 필요합니다. 좋아하는 음식이나 가리는 음식이 있는지 또는 특정 음식에 알레르기가 있는
지 등을 주문 전에 미리 확인한다면 감동 받은 바이어는 마음의 문을 활짝 열어줄 것입니다.
오늘은 여러분이 고객을 직접 바이어를 접대하는 상황이라 생각하고 관련 표현을 튜터와 함께 생생하게 연습
하도록 해 보세요.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
dietary restriction 식이 제한
be allergic to ~에 알레르기가 있는
hot spice 매운 양념
marinated (고기, 생선 등에) 양념이 스미도록 재운

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
S Is this your first time visiting Seoul?
T Yes, it is.
S It’s a great city with so many restaurants and activities to do. I particularly love this
restaurant and wanted to bring you here because it has a great selection of traditional
Korean dishes to choose from.
T I’m quite excited. Thanks for inviting me.
S My pleasure. Do you have any dietary restrictions? Are you allergic to any foods? Can
you handle hot spices?
T Oh, I like just about everything and will try anything once. I don’t have any food
allergies.
S Perfect. In that case, why don’t we order some pajeon, which are Korean pancakes,
bulgogi, a marinated beef dish, and some spicy tofu stew? Would that be okay? Is
there anything else on the menu that catches your eye?
T I trust your judgment. It all sounds great.
S Okay. Korean meals are served with many side dishes, so I suggest we start with these
and then we can order something else later if we’re still hungry.
Quiz
1. limitation of nutrient intake, food intake or food choices: _______ __________
2. to be soaked in a liquid mixture of vinegar or wine with various herbs and spices:
__________
Answers │ dietary restriction, marinated
Unit 34 Dining Out / 271

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 It has a great selection of traditional Korean dishes to

choose from.
have a great selection of ~ │ 여러 가지 다양한 ~가 있다
- The café has a great selection of teas.

- This supermarket has a great selection of vegetables and fruit.
- This restaurant has a great selection of fish.
2 Can you handle hot spices?

Can you handle ~? │ ~는 괜찮으신가요?
- Can you handle these types of curries?

- Can you handle eating raw fish?
- Can you handle the taste of strong cheeses?
3 Is there anything else on the menu that catches your eye?

catch one’s eye │ 눈길을 끌다
- Is there a particular drink on the menu that catches your eye?

- Take a look around and let me know if there’s something here that catches your eye.
- Is there anything here that catches your eye?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
S Is this your first time visiting Seoul?
T Yes, it is.
S It’s a great city with so many restaurants and activities to do. I particularly love
this restaurant and wanted to bring you here because it
______________________(selection) traditional Korean dishes to choose from.
T I’m quite excited. Thanks for inviting me.
S My pleasure. Do you have any dietary restrictions? Are you allergic to any foods?
______________(handle) hot spices?
T Oh, I like just about everything and will try anything once. I don’t have any food
allergies.
S Perfect. In that case, why don’t we order some pajeon, which are Korean
pancakes, bulgogi, a marinated beef dish, and some spicy tofu stew? Would that
be okay? Is there anything else on the menu that ____________________(eye)?
T I trust your judgment. It all sounds great.
S Okay. Korean meals are served with many side dishes, so I suggest we start with
these and then we can order something else later if we’re still hungry.
Comprehension Check
1. What does S particularly like about the restaurant?
2. What kind of food do they choose to order?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 The café ______________________ teas.
2 ________________ these types of curries?
3 Is there a particular drink on the menu that

___________________?
4 This restaurant ________________________ fish.
5 ________________ eating raw fish?
6 Is there anything here that __________________?
HINTS
have a great selection of, can you handle, catch your eye

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You are on a business trip in New York, and - Situation : Dining at an Italian restaurant
your colleague from the New York office of recommended to you.
your company invites you to dinner and - Reason 1 : Many kinds of pasta dishes.
asks if you have any preferences. You want - Reason 2 : Lobster pasta dish looks appetizing.
to try a local Italian restaurant that a friend - Condition : Will try anything, but do not like too
recommended to you. much cream.
1. Where do you want to go for dinner?
2. Why are you interested in that restaurant?
3. Are you willing to try anything there?
Step 2 Task
Tell your colleague about the restaurant and explain why you would like to go there.
Sample Answer
I heard about this Italian restaurant nearby that I would like to try. I heard it has a great selection of
pastas, and from the website, the thing that really catches my eye is the lobster pasta dish. To be
honest, I’ll try anything there, but I just can’t handle too much cream.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 What is your favorite restaurant, and why?
2 If you would recommend a restaurant to a foreigner

visiting Korea, which would it be, and why?
3 When traveling abroad, how do you decide what

types of restaurants to visit?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 그곳에는 여러 가지 다양한 전통 한국 음식이 있습니다.
2. 매운 양념이 들어간 음식도 괜찮으신가요?
3. 메뉴 중에 눈길을 끄는 다른 음식은 없나요?
Sample Answer
1. It has a great selection of traditional Korean dishes to choose from.
2. Can you handle hot spices?
3. Is there anything else on the menu that catches your eye?

International trade : The order of adjectives
The order of adjectives is sometimes difficult to
ad valorem
figure out. Most native speakers follow by ear, but
종가세 (물품 가격을 기준으로 산출되는 관세)
here’s the official rule :
bill of exchange 환어음
• Determiners — articles (a, an, the) or possessive words
consignment 탁송 (your, my, their, etc.)
• Observation — opinion words (beautiful, silly, etc.)
force majeure 불가항력
• Size and Shape (large, round, small, etc.)
air waybill 항공화물 운송장 • Age (old, new, ancient, etc.)
delivered duty paid (DDP) • Color (red, blue, light, pale, etc.)
관세지급필인도 (목적지 관세 지급 인도) • Origin (American, Korean, British, etc.)
• Material (wooden, metallic, plastic, etc.)

consular invoice 영사 송장
• Qualifier (often part of the noun, e.g., lunch box,
confirmed letter of credit 확인 신용장 work phone, etc.)
Example
• A silly fat old black cat.
• My American wooden rocking chair.
• The worn old plastic bag.

Chapter Ⅵ
Unit
35 Reporting Back
After
a Business Trip
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to discuss the details
their of
business trips
이번 출장은 매우 의미 있었습니다. 공급사와 여려 이슈를 해결하고 가격 협상도 더 좋은 조건으로

마무리 지었습니다. 심지어 출장 마지막 날에는 잠재 고객과 미팅도 가졌습니다. 정식으로 서면 보고를 드리
기 전에 이와 같은 성과를 간략하게 말씀 드리면서 애매한 비용 지출에 대한 계정도 어떻게
처리할지 명확하게 확인해 봅니다.
그럼 오늘은 여러분이 직접 보고를 드린다고 생각하고 자신 있게 보고를 드릴 수 있도록 튜터와 함께

연습해 보세요.
Before class 1
Vocabulary
supplier 부품 제조업자
sort out 해결하다
potential client 잠재 고객
written report 서면 보고서
business development 사업 개발
reimbursement 환급, 상환

Before class 2
Dialogue
Read the dialogue.
T Welcome back. How was your trip?
S It was tiring, but went well. Thank you.
T How was the meeting with the supplier?
S It was quite productive. We had a chance to sort out several issues, and I was able to
negotiate a better price. I also got to meet with a potential client on my last day before
returning home. I’ll provide you with a full written report this week.
T That sounds great. I look forward to reading it. Also, don’t forget it’s almost the end of
the month. Make sure to do your expense reports.
S Yes, I will make sure to submit my expense report this week. I did have a question
about it, though.
T Sure, what’s up?
S To which account should I bill this particular dinner? It was with a potential client
and not our supplier. Should I bill this to business development?
S Great, thank you.
Quiz
1. a person or agencies whom you expect to become your clients in the near future:
_______ ________
2. a written document describing the findings of some individual or group:

________ ________
Answers │ potential client, written report
Unit 35 Reporting Back After a Business Trip / 279

Before class 3
Key Expressions
1 I’ll provide you with a full written report this week.

provide someone with ~ │ -에게 ~를 보내다, 제공하다
- I’ll provide you with the details of the trip tomorrow morning.
- Joe will provide you with the coordinates in his next
-mail.e
- She will provide you with the information you requested.
2 I will make sure to submit my expense report this week.

submit one’s expense report │ 지출 결의서(보고서)를 제출하다
- I need to submit my expense report by the end of the month.

- Do we need to submit our expense reports tomorrow?
- If I forget to submit my expense report for this month, can I still turn it in for payment next
month?
3 To which account should I bill this particular dinner?

To which account should I bill ~? │ ~를 어느 계정으로 청구해야 하나요?
- To which account should I bill my trip to Tokyo?

- To which account should I bill today’s lunch?
- To which account should I bill these holiday cards?

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
T Welcome back. How was your trip?
S It was tiring, but went well. Thank you.
T How was the meeting with the supplier?
S It was quite productive. We had a chance to sort out several issues, and I was able
to negotiate a better price. I also got to meet with a potential client on my last day
before returning home. I’ll ___________________(provide) a full written report
this week.
T That sounds great. I look forward to reading it. Also, don’t forget it’s almost the
end of the month. Make sure to do your expense reports.
S Yes, I will make sure to ________________________(expense) this week. I did

have a question about it, though.
T Sure, what’s up?
S _______________________(account) this particular dinner? It was with a

potential client and not our supplier. Should I bill this to business development?
S Great, thank you.
Comprehension Check
1. Was the meeting with the supplier productive? Why?
2. What does S have to do before the end of the month?

1:1 Practice 2
Practice
1 Joe will _________________ the coordinates in

his next e-mail.
2 I need to ________________________ by
the end of the month.
3 _______________________________ my trip
to Tokyo?
4 She will _________________ the information

you requested.
5 Do we need to ___________________________
tomorrow?
6 _______________________________
today’s lunch?
HINTS
provide you with, submit my expense report, to which account should I bill

1:1 Practice 3
Mission
Situation Memo
You work in the financial department of - Situation : Expense reports due Wednesday
your company and process expense reports before noon.
for employees. An employee recently went - Issue 1 : Billing code for taxi fare has changed.
on a business trip. Remind the employee - Issue 2 : Expenses for dinner cannot exceed
about your company’s reimbursement $25 per person.
policies. - Issue 3 : Flight upgrades are personal expenses,
so will be charged to personal accounts.
1. What is the issue with the taxi fare?
2. What is the issue with the expenses for dinner?
3. What is the issue with the flight upgrade?
Step 2 Task
Tell the employee about the issues in the expense report that need to be adjusted.
Sample Answer
Welcome back from your trip. Please make sure to submit your expense report by Wednesday at
12:00 p.m. for processing this week. Note that the billing code for taxi fares has changed. Here’s the
new code. Also, dinner expenses cannot exceed $25 per person. Finally, if you have any flight
upgrades, that will be a personal expense, so we will charge that to your personal account.

1:1 Practice 4
Further Discussion
1 What type of expense reimbursement policy does

your company have? Do you like it? Why or why not?
2 In the United States, many companies are

restricting expense reimbursements. What do
you think are reasonable policies?
3 What is your company’s protocol for preparing

status updates regarding your business trips?

After class
Practice Sentences
1. 금주에 최종 보고서를 올리겠습니다.
2. 금주에 지출 결의서를 꼭 제출하도록 하겠습니다.
3. 이 식사 비용은 어느 계정으로 청구해야 하나요?
Sample Answer
1. I’ll provide you with a full written report this week.
2. I will make sure to submit my expense report this week.
3. To which account should I bill this particular dinner?

Printing : no strings attached
아무런 조건 없이
dots per inch (DPI) 인치 도트 수. 인쇄와
디스플레이 해상도의 측정 단위
Definition
raster image processor (RIP) 색상조정 등
without conditions or restrictions
을 기본으로 수행하는 이미지 출력 프로그램
bleed v. printable area 인쇄 범위에서 제외 Example
되는 여분의 영역 / 인쇄 가능 영역
As part of our advertising campaign, we
pantone / mono / duotone 표준 색상 / will give our clients a free product, no
단색 / 흑백 이미지에 특정 색상이 추가된 것 strings attached.
ink type (solid, pigment, dye)
잉크의 종류 (고체, 안료, 염료)
paper type (coated, uncoated, matte,
glossy) 인쇄용지의 종류 (도공용지, 비도공용지, 무
광택용지, 광택용지)
CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black –
four-color (or plate) process printing)
4색 인쇄체계로 각각 청록색, 밝은 자주색, 노
란색, 검정색을 나타냄
overprint 인쇄 영역 위에 겹쳐서 인쇄하거나
과도하게 진하게 인쇄하다
Review
Chapter Ⅵ
Unit
36 Business Goal
Trips students will be able to

discuss via telephone
various matters related
to taking business trips
using vocabulary and
speech patterns studied
during this chapter.
Before class
Key Expressions
1 I have a reservation here and would like to check in.

I have a reservation│ ~에 예약하였습니다
- I have a reservation under the name Thomas Lee.

- I have a reservation for a table at 7:00 p.m.
- I have a reservation for two this evening.
2 Would it be possible to upgrade from economy to

economy comfort?
Would it be possible to ~?│ ~하는 것이 가능할까요?
- Would it be possible to change my hotel room?
- Would it be possible to check in oversized baggage?
- Would it be possible to order an additional drink with this set menu?
3
It has a great selection of traditional Korean dishes to
choose from.
have a great selection of ~│ 여러 가지 다양한 ~가 있다
- The café has a great selection of teas.

- This supermarket has a great selection of vegetables and fruit.
- This restaurant has a great selection of fish.

1:1 Practice 1
Role Play
Situation Roles
You work at a specialty paper distribution Student
company. You went on a business trip to Name: Your name
Washington State to work on negotiations Company: Specialty Papers Ltd. (paper
distribution company)
with a paper manufacturer. Before you
Title: Senior VP, Distribution
update your boss on your business trip,
Tutor
you want to contact the suppliers to thank
them for their hospitality and confirm the Name : Ms. Carmichael [Tasks 1 and 2];
terms of the negotiation. Secretary [Task 3]
Company : Senior VP, Sales – PulpMaker Co.
(paper manufacturing company)
Task 1
Task 1
- Call Ms. Carmichael.
- Greetings; small talk (flight home was long, but pleasant).
- Thank her for her hospitality (dinner at Italian restaurant).
- Ask her to confirm that the term sheet reflects terms agreed
upon.
- Ms. Carmichael tells you one typo on term sheet. You will
correct and resend.
Task 2 Task 2

- Situation: Ms. Carmichael picks up the phone but needs to
step out to a meeting.
- Quickly explain why you called (to discuss finalizing term
sheet and signature).
Task 3
Task 3
- Situation: Ms. Carmichael is out of the office. Secretary
answers.
- Ask when Ms. Carmichael will return and leave
her a message.
Unit 36 Review – Business Trips / 287

1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 Does your company plan training sessions

outside of the office? If so, what types of social
activities does your company provide? How are
the lodgings and meals?
2 Sometimes employees are required to go on

business trips for weeks or even months at a time.
How long was your longest business trip? If you
had to take a trip for a couple of weeks or even
months, how would you feel about it? How would
you prepare for such trips?
3 Do you think that foreigners have an easy time

navigating the streets of Seoul and finding
landmarks? What do you think the city could do to
make traveling to Seoul easier for foreigners?

After class
Biz Plus
Grammar & Usage
“Try to”
Using “try to” suggests an idea of

having attempted to do something, but
having failed. Thus, when discussing a
completed task, instead of using “I tried
to do X,” it is better to say “I did X,” or
“I decided to do X” to avoid confusion. “A dream doesn't become reality through
magic; it takes sweat, determination and
hard work.”
-Colin Powell
“Keep your fears to yourself, but share

your courage with others."
-Robert Louis Stevenson
“In matters of style, swim with the current;

in matters of principle, stand like a rock.”
-Thomas Jefferson
“Leadership and learning are

indispensable to each other.”
-John F. Kennedy
“There are two ways of spreading light:

to be the candle or the mirror that reflects
it." -Edith Wharton
Unit 36 Review – Business Trips / 289

Business
course
Pro
Chapter VII
Business Culture & Etiquette
Unit 37
Starting a Business Conversation
Unit 38
Avoiding Faux Pas
Unit 39
Handling Embarrassing Situations
Unit 40
Vague Versus Direct Speech
Chapter Ⅶ
Unit
37 Starting
a Business
Conversation
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to better understand the general
etiquette used when starting a business conversation with English speakers.
Before class
Most business relationships are based sports to travel. When meeting someone
on an element of trust and a sense of for the first time, do some research
comfort with the counterparty. Thus it is beforehand and find out what school they
important for business professionals to might have attended or where their
understand the culture and customs of the hometown is. Light conversation about
people with whom they conduct business. those topics shows your interest in the
To develop a strong business relationship, person and also the fact that you did
invest time in establishing a personal some research.
bond before diving into business. In short, There are, however, some topics to avoid
small talk goes a long way. in business conversations. In particular,
Most people start business meetings with controversial subjects like religion,
casual conversation, whether in person or marital status, salary and politics should
on the phone. Appropriate topics can always be avoided.
range from discussing the weather and
Etiquette Tips
Check the following tips before discussing the dialogues.
Examples of faux pas to avoid in the United States :

1. I believe you are from Kansas, right? I have never been there. What’s it like?
2. How’s the weather in Detroit?
3. Did you watch the World Cup match last night?
4. I heard you went to UCLA, right?
5. This winter has been very cold in Korea, how about in the United States?
6. I visited Los Angeles once last year. I had such a good time.
292 / Business Pro

Chapter ⅦBusiness Culture & Etiquette
1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
The two dialogues below describe inappropriate behavior in terms of
global business manners. Read the dialogues and suggest ways to
improve the situations.
Dialogue_1
S I heard that America is thinking to start a new war. That could potentially create a
mess. What do you think?
T Well, I served in the military for a short while and support our troops, so….
S Ah, I see.... Shall we turn to discussing the pricing terms of this contract? Have you
had time to review them?
T Yes, I took a quick look at your proposal, but I’m not sure I agree with your valuation
method.
S Oh? Could you please explain what concerns you?
Questions
1. What do you think went wrong with the conversation above? Why?
2. What would you change about it? With your suggested changes, how do you think
the conversation might have continued afterwards?
Dialogue_2
S Yes, I just came back from a wonderful vacation in San Diego with my spouse and
children. The kids really enjoyed visiting the zoo in particular. Are you married?
T No, not exactly. It’s a long story.
S Oh? If you’re not married, you should get married soon. Children are so great to have
around, even though they can be a handful.
T Well, I’m not particularly fond of children.
Questions
Unit 37 Starting a Business Conversation / 293

1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 Have you ever had any awkward conversations

where a controversial topic was raised?
How did you try to ease the tension? Did it work?
Why or why not?
2 Sometimes stereotypes can have negative effects

on business relationships. As seen in the examples
from the dialogue, assuming that someone has a
certain perspective or preferences can lead to
uncomfortable situations. What types of
stereotypes of foreigners do you think Koreans
should avoid assuming? What about assumptions
foreigners make of Koreans in business transactions?
3 Being aware of cultural differences is important for

understanding how to carry on a conversation. In
particular, what might be rude in one country might
not be the case in another. What types of subjects
are generally rude to discuss in Korea? What about
in the United States?
294 / Business Pro

After class
Biz Plus - Idioms
rock the boat

불화를 야기시키다
Definition
to cause trouble where none is welcome
Example
Let’s not make matters worse and rock the boat
by talking about this controversial topic.
Culture Tips
Topic : Meeting and Greeting
Country/Region Culture Tip
• Greetings tend to be quite informal.

• Light handshakes are not preferred. Use a firm grip.
United States • Eye contact is important when shaking hands.
• People often address business partners by first name, but do not
call a person by first name unless invited to do so.
• Handshakes are generally light, not firm.

United Kingdom • Many British people say “cheers” very often. It means “thank you”
and can be used in many situations.
• The oldest person is always the first to be introduced.

• Guests are introduced with their full titles and place of
China
employment.
• Handshakes are gentle.
• A handshake, hug, or kiss on the cheek is a common way of

South America
greeting.
• An individual is addressed by his or her first name and any title

Middle East he or she possesses.
• Avoid asking personal questions about spouses and family.
Unit 37 Starting a Business Conversation / 295

Chapter Ⅶ
Unit
38 Avoiding
Faux Pas
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to better avoid making
faux pas when conducting business with English speakers.
Before class
In addition to exercising care with handshakes or a bow, can be of utmost
asking questions or raising controversial importance. In the United States, for
topics, body language and other actions example, it is important to shake hands
play a major role in determining the firmly, giving two pumps, but not too
outlook of a business relationship. What strongly or too weakly. People often
might seem like customary practices in judge a person’s character by the way a
one country might be unacceptable in person shakes hands with others.
another. For example, in some countries, Ultimately, be prepared and read up on
gifting items might seem customary and the business etiquette of other countries.
a goodwill gesture, but in other countries, It may make the difference between
gifts can be viewed as bribes, leading to opening the door to more opportunities or
serious consequences. having the door slammed shut.
Additionally, greetings, whether they are
Etiquette Tips
Examples of faux pas to avoid in the United States :

1. Do not avoid eye contact when talking with people. You should establish
direct eye contact (but not staring) when speaking with others.
2. When dining out and acting as host for the dinner, do not let your guest pay.
3. At restaurants, do not tip cheaply – 15%-20% is acceptable, and if service was
exceptional, 20%. People judge character by how much someone tips.
4. Introduce colleagues to your clients and someone more junior to a person of
more senior ranking in a corporate organization. Never the other way around.
5. Do not put someone else on hold when you initiated the call.
6. Do not ask for favors without first offering to do something for someone else.
296 / Business Pro

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
Dialogue_1
S Hi, George. How are you doing? I just wanted to touch base on the terms we
negotiated in our contract.
T Hi. Sure thing.
S Let’s read through the term sheet together if that’s okay. Let’s start from the
beginning. Sorry, can you hold on for a second? I have a call on the other line.
T Oh, okay.
Questions
Dialogue_2
S It was really nice to meet you the other day.
T Likewise. Did you enjoy your stay here in San Francisco?
S Yes, I did. Thank you. Actually, I was wondering if I might ask you for a favor. I was
hoping to have the chance to meet with your general manager but wasn’t able to at
the meeting. Would you mind setting up a call with her for me?
T Oh, I suppose I could. I’ll have to check and get back to you.
Questions
Unit 38 Avoiding Faux Pas / 297

1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 Have you ever interacted with a foreigner visiting

Korea who failed to notice local customs and did
something you felt was rude? What happened,
and how did you handle the situation?
2 Have you ever traveled abroad and felt like you

committed a faux pas? What happened, and
did you realize at the time what you did was
wrong? If so, what did you do to try to fix the
situation?
3 What types of faux pas do you think are most

unacceptable in the United States? How about in
Korea? Why, and what do you think happens in
situations when these faux pas are committed
during a business meeting?
298 / Business Pro

After class
Biz Plus - Idioms
Wish v. Hope
“Wish” is used when expressing a desire for something that is most likely impossible,
while “hope” is used to describe possible outcomes, e.g., “I wish this project could end
tomorrow,” “I wish I could turn back time,” “I hope you get better soon” or “I hope you
finish the project quickly.”
There are a few exceptions, however. People do say, “I wish you a Merry Christmas” and
“I wish you good luck.”
Culture Tips
Topic : Body Language
• Americans need a certain amount of personal space. Keep your

distance.
United States
• Americans smile a lot, even at strangers. Smile back.
• Avoid pointing with your middle finger. It is offensive.
• Making a V sign with your palm facing yourself is considered to

United Kingdom
be an offensive gesture.
• Except for shaking hands, avoid any body contact.

China
• It is considered rude to point with your index finger.
• South Americans stand very close when speaking.

South America
• You shouldn’t use the "okay" sign or thumbs up gesture.
• People in the Middle East also tend to stand closer to one

Middle East another when engaged in conversations.
• Crossing your legs is considered rude.
Unit 38 Avoiding Faux Pas / 299

Chapter Ⅶ
Unit
39 Handling
Embarrassing
Situations
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to better handle embarrassing
situations when conducting business with English speakers.
Before class
Sometimes it is unavoidable. You are often bruises feelings. For example, if
meeting with potential clients, and you forget someone’s name, state a fact
someone forgets another person’s name. you recall about the person and then
Or perhaps, you are at dinner, and your simply mention that the person’s name
client has food stuck in his or her teeth. has temporarily slipped your mind. If
Admittedly, these are embarrassing someone else has forgotten your name,
scenarios, but they happen. What is the speak up and mention your name and
best way to handle these types of then quickly switch topics to save the
situations? Be brief and discreet. The last person from further embarrassment. In
thing anyone wants is to call more short, rules on courtesy and respect for
attention to the situation, which might other people’s feelings are universal,
cause further embarrassment. regardless of cultural barriers.
In these cases, avoid being blunt as it
Etiquette Tips
Example phrases for addressing embarrassing situations :

1. I’m sorry. Could you excuse me for a moment please? (It is generally obvious why you are
being excused, so no need to draw more attention to it.)
2. (Leaning over to whisper) Joe, I believe you have something stuck in your teeth.
3. Please, don’t worry about it. I’ll call the waiter. (In a situation where food or drink is spilled.)
4. It’s okay. This is an old bag anyway. (Downplay how bad a situation is if someone
accidentally damages your belongings.)
5. I’m sorry. I remember that we met last week at the conference and discussed your latest
software X, but your name seems to have temporarily slipped my mind.
300 / Business Pro

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
Dialogue_1
T Hi, Thomas. It’s good to see you again.
S Hi…umm. How have you been?
T Great, thanks. How’d the rest of your business trip go?
S It was quite productive. We landed a new client, so I can’t complain. Hey, I’m sorry.
I’ve completely forgotten your name.
T Oh. It’s John.
Questions
Dialogue_2
S I’m sorry Mr. Thompson, but your credit card has been declined.
T Really? Why? That can’t be possible.
S I can try again, but it still might not go through. You should call your financial
institution.
T I know I have enough money in this account. Please give me a minute. Let me call
my bank.
Questions
Unit 39 Handling Embarrassing Situations / 301

1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 Have you ever been in an embarrassing situation

at a business meeting? What happened, and how
did you handle the situation?
2 Being sensitive to other people’s disabilities or

inability to do some particular action is rather tricky
to navigate. Someone might be injured or have a
disability that prevents them from doing certain
activities. In these situations, you assist them without
embarrassing the other person. What would you do
if someone seems to be struggling with using
chopsticks at a business lunch?
3 It is not only important to be gracious to your

business partner, but also to anyone around while
you are with your business partner because he or
she will be observing your personality. If you are at
a restaurant, and a server spills wine all over your
clothes, how should you handle the situation?
302 / Business Pro

After class
Biz Plus - Idioms
in a nutshell
한 마디로, 간단히 말하자면
Definition
in a few words; concisely
Example
In a nutshell, it looks like we negotiated very favorable terms for this contract.
Culture Tips
Topic : Corporate Culture & Dress
• Silence is generally avoided during business meetings.

United States • Americans are comfortable with discussing issues over the phone.
• Casual Friday is common in many companies.
• Meetings should be scheduled well in advance.

United Kingdom • During business meetings, the British tend to get right down to
business after a brief amount of time for small talk.
• Meetings can be lengthy.

• Phone calls on cell phones should not be received during
China
business meetings.
• Business attire is generally conservative.
• Develop personal relationships before dealing with business.

• During business meetings, small talk is minimal, but the meeting
South America may proceed slowly.
• South Americans are quite fashion conscious. Dress smartly and
conservatively.
• It is unlikely for negotiations to be finalized without face-to-face

meetings.
Middle East
• Meetings are conducted at a leisurely pace.
• Avoid wearing visible gold chains.
Unit 39 Handling Embarrassing Situations / 303

Chapter Ⅶ
Unit
40 Vague Versus
Direct
Speech
Goal
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to better understand when it is
better to use vague speech versus direct speech when conducting business with
English speakers.
Before class
Generally speaking, people prefer as people are more likely to agree to
directness and honesty. However, there proposals if they feel that they have a
are situations in which people must be choice and are also gaining from the
aware of handling a matter delicately. In bargain. However, a balance must be
some cases, when a person speaks too maintained to ensure you are protecting
directly, other people can be offended. your interests in the discussion. The best
Likewise, in other cases, when a person way to achieve this equilibrium is
is not clear about what the person wants, through practice using phrases containing
the other person can be confused or left words like “would,” “could” or “might”
feeling frustrated. rather than blunt phrases that include
Knowing when to soften the tone of strong negative phrases of rejection or
speech is most important in negotiations, unwillingness to be flexible.
Etiquette Tips
Examples of phrases with softer tone :

1. If we were to consider your proposal, would you consider...?
2. Your suggestions are great; however, we would like to….
3. That would create some difficulties for us. Why don’t we…?
4. It might be difficult for us to accommodate your request. Would it be
possible to…?
5. We would appreciate it if you could….
6. I’m afraid that our current situation will not give us enough wiggle room to….
304 / Business Pro

1:1 Practice 1
Dialogue
Dialogue_1
S If I understand correctly, you would like us to purchase your products at a higher
price and in larger volumes to keep our sole distribution right?
T Yes, that is what we would like.
S That’s not possible.

T Well, can you tell me your reasoning?
Questions
Dialogue_2
S I reviewed the report you sent me yesterday.
T Did you find everything satisfactory?
S Your description of our business is completely wrong. That section will need to be
completely rewritten.
T I see. Can you please clarify?
Questions
Unit 40 Vague Versus Direct Speech / 305

1:1 Practice 2
Further Discussion
1 Sometimes it is necessary to be blunt in

conversation. In what situations do you think this is
appropriate? Why?
2 What might seem too direct and forward in one

culture might not be in another culture. In a
situation where you are critiquing someone else’s
work, how direct would you be, and why?
3 Have you ever been the recipient of blunt remarks?

If so, how did you feel and how did you handle the
situation so that the conversation can continue
more smoothly? Do you feel sometimes it may be
necessary to let the other party know that they are
being too blunt, particularly if they are foreigners
who might not understand Korean customs?
306 / Business Pro

After class
Biz Plus - Grammar & Usage
“Me, too” v. “Me, neither”
When agreeing with a positive statement, “me, too” is appropriate,

while “me, neither” is to show agreement with a negative statement.
For example :
A: I like coffee.
B: Me, too. (You like chocolate)
A: I don’t like chocolate.
B: Me, neither. (You don’t like chocolate.)
Culture Tips
Topic : Dining & Entertainment
• Business can be conducted over breakfast, lunch or dinner.

• Avoid discussing business during meals. Casual conversation
United States during actual mealtime is preferred.
• Tip generously for service in an American restaurant. Do not let
your guests pay.
• During a meal in formal restaurants, you shouldn’t put your

United Kingdom
elbows on the table.
• It is rare for guests to be invited to a Chinese home. When invited,

bring a small gift for the hostess.
China
• Business is usually not discussed during meals.
• People usually leave the last piece of food on the serving tray.
• Meals are for socializing. Business should not be discussed.

South America • Guests usually tend to arrive a few minutes later than the stated
time for social events.
• Avoid putting your left hand on the table.

Middle East
• You shouldn’t ask for alcoholic beverages.
Unit 40 Vague Versus Direct Speech / 307

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Business

큰일입니다. CEO님께서 신규 프로젝트를 하사하셨습니다. ‘헬스케어 산업에서의 거점 확보를

이 생생하고 짜릿한 감흥을 튜터와 함께 Dialogue에서 나누어 보겠습니다.

get a foothold in ~에 거점을 확보하다

vital sign 맥박수, 혈압 등의 생체 징후

third quarter 3사분기

competitor product 경쟁업체의 상품

financial modeling 재무 모델링

016 / Business course - Pro

T So, I hear you have a new project?

T What’s the scope of your project?

S Thanks. The schedule is a bit tight, but we might be able to do it if we work

2. sign of life; usually an indicator of a person’s general physical

Answers │ market demand, vital sign

Unit 01 Announcing a New Project / 017

1 We have a new smart medical device in the works.

2 We have a lot of groundwork to cover.

- Before we start, we need to figure out the groundwork to cover.

3 We might be able to do it if we work around the clock.

- We will have to work around the clock to meet tomorrow’s deadline.

018 / Business course - Pro

T So, I hear you have a new project?

T What’s the scope of your project?

S Thanks. The schedule is a bit tight, but we might be able to do it if we

2. When will the product be ready for launch?

Unit 01 Announcing a New Project / 019

1 Before we start, we need to figure out

2 I’ve been busy with so many projects

3 We will have to __________________ to

4 I’m so tired from __________________

5 I have a new book ____________; hopefully

6 We have much _________________ before

020 / Business course - Pro

Step 1 Comprehension Check

1. What is the project?

2. When will the product be ready?

3. What do you need to work on first?

Unit 01 Announcing a New Project / 021

1 What new project have you recently received?

2 What’s the scope of your project and timeline?

3 What types of tasks will you need to do to make

022 / Business course - Pro

1. 현재 신규 스마트 의료 기기 개발이 진행 중입니다.

3. 밤낮없이 일을 한다면 해낼 수 있을 것 같습니다.

Biz Plus - Terminology Biz Plus - Idioms

have a consensus 의견이 일치하다

have a quorum to vote

Unit 01 Announcing a New Project / 023

비장한 각오로 다음 주까지는 최종 합의안을 손에 들고 다시 보고를 올리겠다 약속 하는데요.

distribution rights 판매권

exclusive license 독점권

reach an agreement 합의에 이르다

term sheet 주요 거래조건 요약

final draft agreement 최종 합의서

024 / Business course - Pro

T So, what’s the status on negotiating distribution rights with PharmaCo?

T What seems to be the issue?

S The manufacturer doesn’t want to give us an exclusive license in Korea. They’re

T When do you expect to hear back from them?

2. a document outlining the material terms and conditions of a business

Answers │ distribution rights, term sheet

Unit 02 Progress Update / 025

2 They’re trying to play hardball.