AR 333: HISTORY OF

ARCHITECTURE 3
ARCH. OFELIA M. BAWAN PH. D
ARCH. ARMIE LORAINE G. CORPUZ

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
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Buddhist Prayer Wheels

Rows of colorful prayer wheels line the outer walls of a Buddhist temple
in Gangtok, India. Each wheel bears the text of a mantra, or sacred
prayer. Buddhists believe that the simple act of spinning a prayer wheel
releases the benevolent forces of the mantra. Gangtok, the capital of the
Indian state of Sikkim, has a large Buddhist population.

Mathura Buddha - figure carved out of sandstone from

Mathura, a city in northern India that was at the center
of Buddhist sculptural activity from the 2nd century BC
to the 6th century AD.

Jain Image of Mahavira

A priest attends an image of Mahavira in a Jain temple in the
southern India. Jains revere Mahavira, who lived in the 6th century
bc, as a great teacher or tirthankara (founder of the path).

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The Ten Incarnations of Vishnu (painting created about

1890 in Jaipur)

The Hindu god Vishnu appears on Earth in ten

incarnations, called avatars, to destroy injustice and save
humankind. Sacred Hindu writings called the Puranas
describe these incarnations. Vishnu is always depicted in
dark blue or black and usually with four arms, though his
avatars may take other forms, such as the golden fish,
man lion and white horse

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Wheel of Life
The Wheel of Life, also known as the Wheel of Law, depicts the cyclical
nature of life according to Buddhism. In this wall painting, the artist
shows the animal which represents death holding the wheel. The three
cardinal sins, depicted in symbolic form, make up the center of the
wheel. The cock symbolizes passion, the pig stupidity, and the snake
hatred. Surrounding the sins are those who fall prey to bad karma on
the right, and those with good karma on the left. The six spheres of
existence make up the next circle. The Wheel, like the Buddha’s search
for truth, culminates in the outermost circle, which depicts the 12 links in
the chain of causation.

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Stupa, Sanchi
The dome-shaped mound known as a stupa is
the principal form of early Buddhist
monuments. The stupa, which is an object of
veneration, is based on the eight mounds
under which the body of Buddha was buried.
The finest surviving example is the Great Stupa
at Sanchi in the Indian state of Madhya
Pradesh. It was built between the 3rd century
bc and the 1st century BC.

Carvings on the Great Stupa

Four gateways were built as entrances to the Great

Stupa at Sanchi, India, during the 1st century BC.
This detail of one of the gateways shows the intricate
relief carvings of elephants, horses, camels, and
human figures that decorate the gateways.

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JOKHANG TEMPLE-For most Tibetans it is

the most sacred and important temple in Tibet.

RAMOCHE TEMPLE- is
a Buddhist monastery is considered the most
important temple in Lhasa.

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DREPUNG MONASTERY-is the largest of all

Tibetan monasteries and is located on the Gambo Utse mountain.

YUMBULAGANG PALACE- According to

legend it was the first building in Tibet and the palace of the
first Tibetan king, Nyatri Tsenpo.

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