ENGLISH 8

Module 6
PROCESSING QUESTIONS
4. What factors did you consider in identifying
the odd one out?

5. What skills did you use to deduce the

correct answer?

6. How would you describe the odd one in the

group other than being the flaw?
 ERROR
RECOGNITION
 Module 6

PARALLEL
STRUCTURES
Observing parallelism rules to write
sentences correctly
 OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, 95% of the students will be able to:

describe the concept of faulty parallelism;

explain how sentences can be structured without errors;
cite the importance of writing parallel sentences;
rewrite sentences with faulty parallelism; and
demonstrate the values of attentiveness and teamwork in
the tasks.
 Module 6

PARALLEL
STRUCTURES
Observing parallelism rules to write
sentences correctly
WHAT IS PARALLEL STRUCTURE?

Parallel Structure, also known

as Parallelism, is a balance
within one or more sentences
of similar phrases or clauses
that have the same
grammatical structure, like
things in a list.
The use of parallel structure is essential for
good writing, helping to add clarity and
strength to your writing.
 EXAMPLE

I am lying in my bed, reading newsfeeds, and staring at my dog.

The highlighted words are all VERB phrases and the

underlined words are verbs in similar structure (in –ing form).
This sentence follows PARALLEL STRUCTURE or
PARALLELISM.
RULE OF THUMB

Remember:

1. Make sure that items in the list

should be the same in grammatical
form or structure — Nouns with
nouns, adjectives with adjectives,
adverbs with adverbs, gerund with
gerunds, infinitives with infinitives.
RULE OF THUMB

Remember:

2. Be careful while using

coordinating conjunctions.
RULE OF THUMB

Remember:

3. Observe parallel structure when

elements are in a list or in a series.
PARALLEL STRUCTURE

Parallelism with Nouns

Parallelism with Verbs

Parallelism with Adjectives

Parallelism with Adverbs

Parallelism with Gerunds & Infinitives

PARALLELISM NOUNS - NOUNS

WITH
NOUNS
Let’s compare
Which one’s faulty & which one’s parallel?

Driving a car requires coordination, patience, and to have good eyesight.

Driving a car requires coordination, patience, and good eyesight.

Let’s compare
FAULTY

Driving a car requires coordination, patience, and to have good eyesight.

PARALLEL

Driving a car requires coordination, patience, and good eyesight.

PARALLELISM VERBS - VERBS

WITH
VERBS
Let’s compare
Which one’s faulty & which one’s parallel?

Dennis did not turn off the lights, closed the window and lock the door.

Dennis did not turn off the lights, close the window and lock the door.
Let’s compare
PARALLEL

Dennis did not turn off the lights, close the window and lock the door.

FAULTY

Dennis did not turn off the lights, closed the window and lock the door.
 ADJECTIVES -
PARALLELISM ADJECTIVES

WITH
ADJECTIVES
Let’s compare
Which one’s faulty & which one’s parallel?

John was healthy, wealthy, and an athlete.

John was healthy, wealthy, and athletic.

Let’s compare
FAULTY

John was healthy, wealthy, and an athlete.

PARALLEL

John was healthy, wealthy, and athletic.

 ADVERBS -
PARALLELISM ADVERBS

WITH
ADVERBS
Let’s compare
Which one’s faulty & which one’s parallel?

He put the model together neatly, accurately, and with a great skill.

He put the model together neatly, accurately and skillfully.

Let’s compare
FAULTY

He put the model together neatly, accurately, and with a great skill.

PARALLEL

He put the model together neatly, accurately and skillfully.

PARALLELISM GERUND -
GERUND

WITH INFINITIVE -
INFINITIVE

GERUNDS &
INFINITIVES
Let’s compare
Which one’s faulty & which one’s parallel?

I like hiking, dancing and to swim on weekends

I like hiking, to dance and to swim on weekends

Let’s compare
FAULTY

I like hiking, dancing and to swim on weekends

FAULTY

I like hiking, to dance and to swim on weekends

Let’s compare
PARALLEL

I like hiking, dancing and swimming on weekends

PARALLEL

I like to hike, to dance and to swim on weekends

 ACTIVITY 3:
FAULTY SPEAKING
 FAULTY SPEAKING

Directions: Altogether, the class will read the

dialogue. The boys will act as Ben and the
girls will act as Sarah.
 1

Ben: (In a video call)

Hello, Sarah! How are you
these days?
 2

Sarah: Hello Ben! Not so great. I

am just lying in my bed,
reading news feeds, and to
stare at my dog all day!
 3

Ben: Do you mean,

_________________?
PROCESSING QUESTIONS

1. If you were Ben, how would you make

Sarah’s sentence parallel?

2. Again, is parallelism really important?

Why?