Miya khan Units .Compachion amd fat Slats\lizaHon of soil Deline Compachon. CW 08, W-05, 5-16) | Ans-r|| Inctea> as the dene ily At Seil_by applica oN of mechanical enetgy js cabled compaction Compaction aloo define] as the proc SS_wheee the clensily hi. inceeased by eedu- cing ait voids stale Me necessily ol Compaction a Sail | C W-1, 9-17, S-16,W-Il,W-1o, S-10, 3-04 w-08, 5-08 ) Compaction of soil is undestaken foe a no ae) [7a sane qomd thetehy eneae s st [ene ed EE >a ft _sibpeemtgladlie zn prove. © nicl paige of iL, this is” @| Se ° ze es alllee, Consteuction ©\-t eeduce clanget of ay this i's attic Fo \ _ @ll Te iniceeidce, est om tnwards . e€oSjon. £ Soil by éain and othee causey (w-10, $-\0, S-03) g - | Stale on. Ans || © avallable __geealee _chpth. @ when the soi] ij totally cohesionless tu'ke ley : @ hen - fe Soll_ts_delally cohesfontuss Lite cley” er ae fen highly pervious anes used Eeialting “olesVidyalelhandld at Gn economical foundation design pete tunnels, toads ec. ete as al soil Jy pes . U any siluaHon wheee pee foe mmane Soe ate do be imp de eg M 618, Wy, W-13 [Explain ine De 2 Luise ot slonda fan ject + deteemine =| pec/patation of epecicncn. "i a | Take. 1615 of ale cleicd Sarrple_{ Passin Hngoug Aomm FS sieve al ‘Bee soatee to béing walet ae 4to_about £0 / @| S| Bo 8 @Vidyalekat et wisaleiae a a @ wage the mould volin Me coll to nearest a . Exteact the. soil ftosn she smowd caith noncansiimsi ke tg ig steaigut edge . —@ Ga the ooil “Sample in the middle om dae epeesen taki ve Semple inom ate uk Combalner. Feom middie of the cub cweface a hd ED eee RE PT = ee i tw @. Seas piepsak to_ll asking Q te ay moee @ ho te maxi- Sample mum point of de Cueve ond Coxe eypon cn y mpisiue Content. er deuce © Undeauk dey density Cereespancling Jo. the. maximum patriot Ahe cuxve crad Tore es po — nding v9 UTE. ~ =| TW Si 1s kmwWN as may - mum dey elrisily cra 1D) and tre. (ortes-_ ee ee, omtere\6_ EERE et Sig un \ ducee content COM C)Vidyalekhan ll A a 4 > 7 r=“Te _abtal n omc. MDD Adu «sid Senph and MbD of a Given sail elk Mat gl esse . eileen bela coh_lesiaenaig el 2 Content fe 4a coil sample ¢ achieve Conteotted Compaction of coil in_ pif Ua 3 Sub io d fee wit | / Oeline omc How @ se mito | Ans) omc —~ imum _mnoi'sfree. Content i's olefined 7 a 5 ei woade. be 01 be Compatted to moa eetce ee _ 1 t) This moiclure Content tmnoon a “optimum. So) | iS py at MDD a eee AC La keEO abe vods- = i 2 ! ye f Saturation UHe 5 SOAs 1 t x | ome S44 ‘ ante —r_7- moisture aero of ome oF ONC Ligi-Creaph foe. proce test-_ | Vidyalekhandad ma Define Ao p. How They Ge ANS MDD -> Lohen Compaction achieved for a 1 given ePforb i's maximum _al a_ophi Mum _ mal. nature Content the Core exponeli' Pais a hes RS hd ute mes. a of maximum de sily ot mop. For _ Ol the Ceest of He Compaction. Cutpe, gives, The. ® cli f few enh Ppp wiu differ a MOD fot ty cenpackto on aloo im iife¢s. Thi_ded i wS a fate Voleq ee hol the. a ate with fh cary tea aie le deawn on X- ans feom MOD A pao | ae ot oc. C.WA3 , w-te) nl g | Ig ‘9 e¥0 -ai Io eng Ams wae the Soll % assumed to be Jeo) Sab d_and different dey -clensifies cree Caliy— nde for loos. Sadeceton then the tesurk n m4 Lune on the Com lon curve 1S oolted fe looy Saluectton ests dhe Fe€o abe - volde Line - a (S32) Qt pean oo | ompatHon CUtve. OR. eae @ |Oeaw Campathion curve I shoo yar jar | peapesn! es of soll on It ; Aas+| 7Bis a «BOF [007 Sees of E Uneot | \ \ Sous "sional ‘phinnamns \ A — Pe et Pon ws La = ei coh ie CAN z aby a (rout Pyed 16 F me ae Peocoe fF eedaed — $e) SE proctor. Sa \ ot sg ttl wakes confent W fe ' Comnpactto ACHES, je Oa rm ] “aie Joy ees are mode }n which i ed In a Ite eof) te 210 myn 2 2 oC ™m OC = | 1120 dest as o. =+te gt veN below, A Compae:'se son_of stanelcvec| and_cnodi fied es a SERS Oi Slandard | Modified LO Fees 1 ee iveectee ‘le Peo coe” | ae ‘ Peep | fet ee 4. Welgut of hammet | £6 ke 4:94 kee 2. 9 im oehestice. S vo 6 eee inl In Me ails mowd are Sy 3 |Veetical J ° ef 3l™™n ASOMY 4 1° ( ng ne ad 4 So) | A i (3155-04) 2s “The. Stow ing obsexvaltons Uscee Oblained a standaed peocto n a sof} sermp- _ Soi. fae Lees [ive [as fous] -2o [ite 7 & tontent( 7/20] 24/26 | 21/34 hi geoph deleemine maximum, alt clams ity Ron ieee Corrie Ana Maximum butk clensity yea on US. gmlec 5; Hence, maximum cley clemsity Yd A= Beings zie [+o +026But _clemsi ty 18 Sis us fry 40 26 3 lef 34 | [26 T L I Cherie, fj. tr eee on, 18 20 92 94 26 28 60 32 34 36 3g % voutee Content —r 6x (the fotteoing axe the resus of clandard Com packion dest pecfored 01) _a_ Samm ple oF so!) lwwalee Content Cv) = Te ]Is [ro PS 2 an ee 111} 1-96 216 — 2}. Sy" Wea nerd SL onigis + 218 = iw 4018 1Bne Bee eee ae — 5 Menlrmum oly dareity CHD) 7" aay oe —————— optimum Tolstise [, cone (ome b Ss lo iS, fe oe Be , wales Corlent C4)? a fac ‘ecting Comp acHan = | of Sel) CW-0g, 2-1, Weil wW-B>~ a a o. ge) HL Soll e the same Compachye effort, a well geod ie 5 Co aese. geained sell can _loe_Compacted _4o_Wigher— MDD Han cl oF = R Si [otis Aaa geoin_sine decre > the OMC Values go@s on- IN.cee ori m4 ermd_ the MDD staid goes on clecte= osing In MOD i not Lincoe voli ¢ ah & ae a ane eanetlonl pric. kee maeeme pul tee tm cesae Inctcose jm ene-—Vidyalekhardat a ~ Pa lwalet Canton}: - — " 2 As_'s_evident, $f watee tonmlent aes an Aaeeda oln, Maximum density | of Comnpachke od sof). goes on Hckeasing pio a Cettain watee coned [SE woatee tandenl ine ecared jhe clensitky goes Adas Lelugess : ki dies: ‘ loeinus adrnixdrees the Sime Cole term Chloride, jgkegates in Vartous Peopottions ete age csedf a 4o piban in zoel aera of soil ;——bme—camn_inceease “the dey sity lof alo ouk ; ‘ g Stale _vavious ict (ompacton melinds fins |O Roping © Rammingoe Tam ping @_Vibrabion | ko => {nm this metnod, Eotlers of differnt Geese the soll amd duc do thete heavy wigub the. Cormpactfon takes place @l2@ ‘ 7 @_-his method {s_weey slow Gn dis meted tampets Of eammmers ate wed to f VibeaHon ~> TY>_Vibeation, the soil Parhicles axe Ak EaNged -cmd mote dense. Pactyng 1S possible. “This Mnceeagcs the MDD of Soil. _fe Hing 2 Slabe lout _Compach Wn hej sullabo hig! C208, Wt O Smeth wheeled otters ulpm “ok alo-nq S12, 9-13, S17 3595 © fheumalte Jeubbet lyred eolless Shee fal enees ied Rammees abd 45 @ Vibrator a) @ Smooth wheeled collees “These have duo teak Wheels and one tar bk. “The weagur fs lo do le tens _ team in fron 4 and they dee Suitable fee Coarse =geained Colaes tomes sare) aA se he @ Pheum Hc | fubbet styted Kollees axles _'n theSe have 4 to ll Hees on boo Sta qqered fashfon, Mese are suilable f, “both Cohesive and nom- Cohestue soll @) Sheep foot Eollees a ese 0-9 4.8m. This cltum has pes ection -of ‘i eG 23 Cm _ kngth, 7 Q fac Oot Sheep Feet “the : ts 95 ‘to Jo Cm? The utigur 16 bekwoeen 2 to r 27 en 15 ton. : fe nla ine= @ en @ hese ate sulla et ree 3 ad lotve soils. Rest Sul} am @aehn damVidyalekharet 740 ae | For zamming powet formes cee used, “Mese. {ove _Sultable. Voheee access is cu fficct for toll- ees. | Vibeatton €gubpment Consiols of vibeadoey plates Tak 0-5 to 1S m Coverage ornd So kg ule ute Vilbeadting at_1éoo Cy cist ee mi nue. vibtatot Plales_are Sullable ee Coatse gtacned ails ____lusitn less Cohesion ——_— @) Rammeres : 1d © Rammers of tampers are manly te dy pes, hand -opeeated and _m sane hand operated tammet Consists of a lbloch of Seon oe Stone about sto S tg in mass, attached to -a wooden Xod ye (@, ae tampee. is Lifted fox albouk 0:2 m F rapped _ox_dne coil to_be_compacted A_mec- hamical mee_is_apetated bj Comptessed i" E~am ale z ote gaentine§ pause e WW C+ ts viet ey - Rammi [ oe e bern ~ San q joutton Combustion + eummobic ‘ Rammres ct Jampers a used to @ompact the Sol) Sul. abiwiy: Suitable toe a Ly pes of sol} Vi be ato-e “mounted on aceeeck, al € © Deoppi ng wsdlgut ype ond. -Sj en Ate dag atv ct. ond. cetnipeiaian fa Jonihs foueth tows i a+ nial feast sulla ae uch ng_4é ay ee lat Sells, with No tines in = 4 m_dhickness. ae 2 - (lian z shine 7 Dean cor rest Jap s- Sey - te Pra 23 eG oe & C508 5-10, W=14,5-15, W-16, S18) Aner CBR = = { en Es Bx, Corecpeesponaling peneteation ina re er eee | a mm _Ttne ake of iin [entree ar eequtee uo () The alte. Bu TO _peepatalian of Jest specimen 1©) Enel ation “Test usualy claleemninecl fox peneteatton cf 2 rn_and Smm. @ “The test is pecior med In 3 Steps. = T Peeparer 4 —a Zapeetemnbelivesemnpie ——Vidyalekhanet a — —— —S[— —a = _feoving elng — | art ola} gauge — dial gauge Be peck) Xt ___ fet toad measee Peneteaton hose eT Se am “PRaSMte AOE i —ptamaew eee ty ved rst oes | Rluny ee - E : ie Suecharg ¢ = : YA. ni arp eal Gg Shale sianif} 70 CBR CS8-08, $10, W-16)_ Explain Sram fh ore Ane=| O “he Cee jest Can be used Por the an- alysis Of enisting pavemems , layers 4 in eespect of thee Sleematn and Load J Carrying Capacity 4 O@cer F in-¢ i i LOUS Ee, jlute of toad - @ The cae vVolue ave c ‘a ve pamety affon of 9.5 mam of aot L OGrenetay the caer values al 46mm ' RE oa ™ teation omd In euch case the former | ts tobe “dale as the CBR valun for cleign ———- Prt nses ’ _—“_Ll eset © TF the cor values Coreesponding to gq eteleattonof Smm enceed that Foz 2:5 mm,- the tes} 19 tepeaded. sa |@ a tdentcal eesutt folinn, dre cOR Jolue — Cote. Te ond ok Ssmm oi etection Shall be. ot Ee dele en design. Pre po _——— sina DiPfes nivale fae Compachnn ond _ = Concoticlation 2-09, O» Ny 12, (3, W- 0%, 69, lo, ews ic soe ; CSAY,"W-14 5 ~17, $-18) “Ams+| 5 Compa chon [Conéotidalion no A] Gnsjant Compeesaton |-Greadual Compeession Com of i icl uncdet a steady al oad is Called Compaction ts cated Con Soitda-— 3 ion 2. |Talres Place before > Takes place afte bullding -of sleactuee | [building ot Sleacuee. S| Fast feocess |S. “Very slows process _ 4-|Caeied out fox impro| 4. Occurs nalueatly i =ving Soil _ptopetty _|eluc tn toack oF stea— ctiree, Does not jm- prow So} | peopeetd . 5. | Settlement |s prevenled|s. Settlement +4&k o> clue bo compaction, Place clue ko Comso - id edt o>) pl eskhan | Ach ficial Péoceas pe places e Bre, tobe e Peesout. Pore, woke e pe 5 eAouee very not ee tts Lam porta}. Oves not go on — foros on_indefiniely. rent aly — zl Define eci Slabitizatfon, Cw-14, 0-18, W-0g 9-08 5-08 ) Ans | the _deern__soil_stablu2ation ceans imp- Eouing the engineetlng performance of Soil_by ott Ficsal Mean: OefinitHon of soil Slabruizatton s—_ : The teem Sot] Stab iba ation Hselk jmp tre thod soil 's “ timstable! Acluaby , the Sol) Which Is unsuitable for daring dee Joad fall _clur_to Shear, Ctushing ot shows encessivw Sedtlememt Can be taken as ' unstable soll” a of necessity of Soll 5 ea) C9, =f, 10-540, WD-09,, S-04 ,w) -°B, S08) “The neccessity of soll stabi tiaat'on Can iallade mate etal ee &) foe improving soll petforma- , Viyaletnanlle heavy, Moving and iImpack toacls in Cond Mon! Kuch as __Sub= grade of toads, tum uvcys tn | OE Poth G =e hc | , ing ease olf engan. against Afsplac end ehotemahon 4% ee clumsily of sol) % _€educe- Petmedtoi lily ag. (ore of atin dam, To teduce settlement of Steucky res. eee a amd exp Enitsr atavious aria ab sel Stoll wzaiinn t ‘ See Method 5 of Spill Slabi aati on | Soi\~ aE Stabiti2 aon . So0l\ - Cement Stabislraton Ans 2 2 A Soi) = bitumen s}abitis alton ae oO ©) oiled earth eee Slab [Li2ahion colth more than one E Saas by geouting Stati ui by im boi bi ‘ ‘eer na a Stalot ration by chemicals. rie ie andl = ue ‘Mechanical 6oil_ Glabiw'2ahion, (6-19) Mechanical soil stabi. Miration means stabf ti _|zaHon without adding any -Chernl tos OF eft emiiolart 2 Involes. cadclitfon ot reernoval of Sol | emanate, “hts may. ot Moy mot he eequiced, Afdee this is involves Compa chon vi mechanical means as Chis cusoed alzeady £E Section 6.5, SM oe acta seen _In the index peop erties af soil -arnid undee parettcle lag bitte! budion coe ve. uni foemly taced and Uf éocked flare poor brads fot Comp ein Lime Stabrtie ation _ “ot Soils Ge 1B, Ww 12) “This ype of galt hie). is. sspectauigetfe CCaoH) ts Foca Weey eetis Mm ich. Soils “This _metnod ts catty. ag Mise a bt eee ing Eoad . bass genes hci a Lime js er'ther used alone ot in ~omb- ination voitn Fly ash, bitumen ot cememb _ “We Paks etloge of gme Sagal for Coarse — 1S 2% do BY LS histo ollie 7 poeelnes sei Piosh’c. soilein | Cnet can eee do = “Me soil slabi'tired wlth lememnt i's tenon las_ Soil Cement -Stabrti2ah'on, Gil The. Cement ockien ts the eesul? ofchemcal erent _ in eoil cueing, athe. process of hy ceatibnVidyalekhant’ ar a Very Fer particles. for. cement ond in tase his ot a Cohesive sot). Almost att Vnomeanic Soils can be sabi tired ——{-b{_twis_metrocl slack. Cotton silts an —Sxteplion, c€ganie mates and sodiutn_sulphale —|GE_Ptesemt in csoil, causes -clifficuntes fox cement Letablusatton, (om By Bitumen slabs aton:, CW-lo) 2 pate ca Comstection this method is the, the Viscsity is deere. ed lop eagle tgs feng oe by Cot book piacess — Ot men ftabbidaattin tnclasst fied bn_foLUeusi pes ® sand bitumen a pam @®__soil_bilumen f . © tga bte mechanical slab{tioahon = @ oiled eatin % Whol ts soil expicrabion2- See i 4ite }nvestiaaton and sub Soil eocpjoe aha» on be Comsidete a cay bases on wich be B the. sol L al_dnvestiga = sa by Gli iAe ee necesscrey ecko ng in siete se a mgr — ca Tee em\ i Vidvalekhahlle oe (its : @Ke Pt pose. of soil erplotadion is to find eu the, Deda econ cli-mensfon of - -undleety)- Soils. Tt also tes whethee soil is lane : Baha clay silt ele GI lsat helps tn loclu e olspin -amd thickness of 60 lagges _ Ta ‘eae: 08) Shake tne. Necessily ob site rns} 'g atic Hh oe deleemine 6 beating copacitef foe cndadion clesian ae know Sle di fication a foe aan Cost ¥o! ; af =a e. -teeal foblem Soils i pi ees index properties |@) fe enhandng pespeniea Comptia and Slabi Linablon Anse, @ cae Exp lotalion © Detaled Exp loratfon Obeneal Ex ploeatfon Greological ctudy of the sile end site Ee Co er ance © Oetailed Exploration n i -10a a ptapethite of oll Lent ay: 2. [eta tly hi lin Hei id tae ©) he ce sf teri [Shale Phe sna od ae SPlain + 7 : van 62 @, |} ——_ xing A. Open Excavation == Boring chasel fied pnto Augué boeln iy i tetlstn bottng Pet cussion boeing Rolatty boring — } ppemnn a torn §— vid By Oben - 's also eta AB Gtenceatty oa Squaee of Fectan ae etal pit is dug and by measuring “the Fujceness of et eee pie suriace gqeoleqy Cen be eEmed. a Born uo - . parting and PFeom the, open Surface. js tonal a 2. — my 7 - 5 F Bille te" “tala! dtomulemeculiy Dut to the Sharp edges coi Lis cue og Sonic ae ammulae space and due to spiral splapeViayalekhanl Cad “He thea Augure 6? frat hole_Augue + age ning Che aed ons of ceving a casing ie cece ta q puller e ts forced unde pees: forced undez ptessure PRT Nich | be —EaeIea oe Movedup -and aon trside tne easing fi pe-= nara “put Com be_ emaly2ed_ era Sera te a hange jn ode of prog ess and cl change In we hy tack ee(tes ins mdi cakes, a ca oil a ae . betel ae Eis .s if ee Si iT fe uy cee ceplaced I fez by defuing head (oe ee when chefoing H Cweguk foe defoing defal eods Olen was pornt — Gaeta ens |" is Eeploced bj Sam ping ah Spoon; Warqet re) 7 usedt fot = eter ng ee tasting a Cdef ut eds) - _chapp? na bib, tep by sarnp. en a w wring -sempu'ng apctattons . figs= Loash loseing a :