Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: PROED4-2S-2021-2022

COLLEGE TEACHER EDUCATION

BAYOMBONG CAMPUS

DEGREE BECED/BCAED COURSE NO. Prof Ed 4

PROGRAM
SPECIALIZATION COURSE Foundations of Special Education &
TITLE Inclusive
YEAR LEVEL 1 TIME FRAME 3hrs WK 1 IM 1
NO. NO.

I. CHAPTER TITLE : Introduction to Special Education and Inclusive Education

II. LESSON :

Terminology Related to Children with Special Needs

Brief History of SPED in the Philippines

Individual Programs And Plans (Iep)

III. LESSON OVERVIEW

In the foundations of Special Education, there are new or unfamiliar words used in the lessons
that only experts or people with backgrounds on special education can understand. It is then a
necessity to introduce and give meanings on some words in order for the students to understand
well the lessons. In addition, to trace the root of special education, a brief history will be presented
in this module

These lessons focus on defining terminologies used in Special Education in order to understand
the operational meanings of the words used in the lessons and tracing the roots of special
education through its brief history.

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

a. define the given words on their own;

b. give operational definitions of the given words;
c. cite concrete examples or situations describing the given words;
d. use the given words in constructing sentence;
e. explain the brief history of special education.

V. LESSON CONTENT

Terminology Related to Children with Special Needs

• Adaptive Education – Modifying programs, environments, curricula, and activities to

provide learning experiences that help all students achieve desired education goals.

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for
educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 1 of 4
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: PROED4-2S-2021-2022

• Children with disabilities – children who need special education and related services ;
replaces former terms such as handicapped. To avoid labelling children, do not use the
reversal of these words (e.g., disabled children)

• Co-teaching – the process by which a regular classroom professional and a special

educator or a person trained in exceptional student education team-teach a group of regular
and mainstreamed children in the same classroom.
• Disability – a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life
activities.
• English Language Learners (ELLs) – students with a primary language other than English.
• Early Intervention – Providing services to children and families as early in the child’s life as
possible to prevent or help with a special need or needs.
• Exceptional Student Education – The education of children with special needs; is now
often used in place of the term special education.
• Individualized Education Program (IEP) – A written plan for a child with disability, stating
what will be done, how it will be done, and when it will be done.
• Full Inclusion – The mainstreaming or inclusion of all children with disabilities into natural
environments such as playgrounds, child care centers, preschool, primary grade classrooms
and others.

• Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) - A written plan for providing early intervention
services for an infant or toddler and the child’s family that is based on the child’s strengths
and needs. The plan lists outcomes and describes the services and coordination that will get
to those outcomes. Family members decide what is written on the plan; they can veto any
input prom professionals; and the plan can be amended at anytime by the family.

• Integration – The Education of the children with disabilities along with typically developing
children. This education can occur in mainstreaming, reverse mainstream, and full-inclusion
programs.

• Mainstreaming – the social and educational integration of children with special needs into
the general instructional process, usually in a regular classroom program.

• Reverse Mainstreaming – The process by which typically developing children are placed in
programs for children with disabilities. In reverse mainstreaming, children with disabilities
are in the majority.

• Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) – The notion that children with disabilities should be
educated with children who have no disabilities, to the greatest extent appropriate. Special
classes, separate schooling, or other removal of children with disabilities from the regular
educational environment should occur only when the nature or severity of the disability is
such that education in regular classes with the use of supplementary aids and services
cannot be achieved satisfactorily.
• Limited English Proficiency (LEP) – A term to describe children who have limited English
skills.
• Merged Classroom – A classroom that includes –merges- children with special needs and
children without special needs and teaches them together in one classroom.

• Natural Environment – Any environment where it is natural for a child to be such as home,
child care center, preschool, grade school and others.

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for
educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 2 of 4
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: PROED4-2S-2021-2022

• Response To Intervention (RTI) – An approach that seeks to prevent academic failure

through early intervention, frequent progress measurement, and increasingly intensive
research-based instructional interventions for children who continue to have difficulty.

• Typically Developing Children – children who are developing according to and within the
boundaries of normal growth and development.

• Universal Design (UD) – The use of teaching strategies and instructional support
(technology, etc.) designed to make the curriculum and instructional strategies accessible to
each student.

FOUNDATIONS OF SPECIAL EDUCATION

Special education services and programs may be provided individually (one-on-one
setup) or in a group with other learners with similar educational needs.

Brief History of Sped in the Philippines

SPED in the Philippines started in 1908 where the school of the Deaf (in Harrison, Pasay
City) was established and marked the official government’s recognition of its obligations towards
the education of handicapped children.
Republic Act No. 3562 (June 1963) – An Act to Promote the Education of the Blind in the
Philippines which established teacher training course and Philippine National School for the
blind.

Philippine Normal College offered courses in SPED for teaching the blind in 1964 wherein 14
elementary school teachers were selected for training.

In 1952, a pilot school for the Special Education (at the Philippine Women’s University) of
mentally handicapped children was started. All children from this school were transferred to the
Special Child Study Center in Cubao, Q.C., in 1957.

Special Education - An educational program/service designed to meet the needs of children

with special needs who cannot profit from general or regular education because of disabilities or
exceptional abilities.
All the efforts to uphold the rights and dignity of children with disabilities primarily root from the
philosophical understanding of man.

Special Education Division Philippines Memorandum:

Special education refers to the education of persons who are GIFTED OR TALENTED and
those who have PHYSICAL, MENTAL, SOCIAL ORSENSORY IMPAIRMENT AND CULTURAL
DIFFERENCES so as to require modifications of the school curricula, programs and special
services and physical facilities to develop them to their maximum capacity

These persons may be gifted/talented, fast learner, mentally retarded, visually impaired, hearing
impaired, with behavior problems, orthopedically handicapped, with special health problems,
learning disabled, speech impaired or multiply handicapped.

Chapter II of the Magna Carta for Disabled Persons, R. A. 2777 introduced some rules on
special education I the Philippine. Section 12 mandates that the “State shall take into
consideration the special requirements of disabled persons in the formulation of educational
policies and programs.”
Section 14 of R. A. 7277, on the other hand, provides that the state “shall establish, maintain
and support complete, adequate and integrated system of special education for the visually
“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for
educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 3 of 4
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: PROED4-2S-2021-2022

impaired, hearing impaired, mentally retarded persons, and the types of Out of the 84.4 million
Filipinos, approximately 5.486 million (13%) are individuals with special needs. Around 4.8% are
provided with appropriate educational services, but the 95.2% of those with exceptionalities are
unreserved. By the year 2005, these were the total number of children with disabilities:
exceptional children in all regions of the country.
40, 260 – learning disabilities
11, 592 – hearing impaired
2, 670 – visually impaired
12, 456 – intellectually disabled
5, 112 – behavior issues
760 – orthopedically disabled
5, 172 – children with autism
912 – speech defectives
142 – chronically ill
32- children with cerebral palsy

VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES (40 pts)

Directions: 1. Video yourself while reciting the poem with your own actions and
Interpretations. Upload your output in the MS teams. (25 pts)

I am Special

I am special child blessed with special skills,

A lovely creature with special needs
In many ways, I can’t adapt
That’s why they call me handicapped.
Please come, know me and my world.

So that you will see my worth

Progress might be slow, accomplishment I
might not show
But through your tender love and care
I will be able to show my talent
everywhere.
-John Henry Salado (2015)
2. Create a poster showing your care and concern for children with special needs. (20 pts)

VII. ASSIGNMENT
VIII. EVALUATION
IX. REFERENCES

Domalanta, Mary Ann et al. (2017) Special Education (A Comprehensive Study Guide for
Teachers, Parents and Learners
Del Rosario, Katherine and Albor, Rufo Gil (2021) A Course Module for Child Development

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for
educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 4 of 4
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: PROED4-2S-2021-2022

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for
educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 5 of 4