Sydney Girls High School

2020
Trial Higher School Certificate
Examination

Mathematics Extension 1
General x Reading time – 10 minutes
Instructions
x Working time – 2 hours
x Write using a black pen
x Calculators approved by NESA may be used
x A reference sheet is provided
x In Questions 11-14, show relevant mathematical reasoning
and/or calculations

Total marks: Section I – 10 marks (pages 2-5)

70
x Attempt Questions 1-10
x Allow about 15 minutes for this section
Section II – 60 marks (pages 6-13)
x Attempt Questions 11-14
x Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section

Name: THIS IS A TRIAL PAPER ONLY

……………………………………………………… It does not necessarily reflect the format

or the content of the 2020 HSC
Teacher:
Examination Paper in this subject.
………………………………………………………
Section 1
10 marks
Attempt Questions 1-10
Use the Multiple-choice answer sheet for questions 1-10

1) An object moves with velocity 18 m/s at an angle of 150° in the anticlockwise direction
to the vector ݅Ӈ . The vector representation of this velocity is :

A. 9 3 i  9 j
 

B. 9 i  9 3 j
 
C. 9 3 i  9 j
 

D. 9 i  9 3 j
 

ξଷ
2) What is the value of sin 2ߠ given that sin ߠ ൌ and ߠ is obtuse ?
ସ

ξଷଽ
A. െ
଼

ξଷ
B. െ
ଶ

ξଷ
C.
ଶ

ξଷଽ
D.
଼

ௗమ௬ ௗ௬
3) The equation ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ݁ ௔௫ satisfies the differential equation ൅ െ 6‫ ݕ‬ൌ 0.
ௗ௫ మ ௗ௫

What are the possible values of ܽ ?

A. ܽ ൌ െ2 or ܽ ൌ 3

B. ܽ ൌ െ1 or ܽ ൌ 6

C. ܽ ൌ 2 or ܽ ൌ െ3

D. ܽ ൌ 1 or ܽ ൌ െ6
2
 ఏ
4) Given that 4 sin ߠ ൅ 3 cos ߠ ൌ െ5, what is the value of tan ?
ଶ

A. െ2

B. െ1

C. 1

D. 2

5) Ten people are to be seated around a circular table. The ten people consists of five students
and five parents. In how many ways can the people be arranged around the table if at least
two of the students must sit next to each other ?

A. 3 600 000

B. 3 614 400

C. 360 000

D. 361 440

6) Given 0 ൏ ‫ ݔ‬൏ 1 , which of the following represents the derivative of sinିଵ ξ1 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ?

ିଵ
A.
௫ξଵି௫ మ

ଵ
B.
ξଵି௫ మ

ଵ
C.
௫ξଵି௫ మ

ିଵ
D.
ξଵି௫ మ

3
7) The slope field for a first order differential equation is shown below.

Which of the following could be the differential equation represented?

ௗ௬ ௫
A. ൌ
ௗ௫ ௬

ௗ௬ ௫
B. ൌെ
ௗ௫ ௬

ௗ௬
C. ൌ ‫ݕݔ‬
ௗ௫

ௗ௬
D. ൌ െ‫ݕݔ‬
ௗ௫

గ గ
8) Given that sin ቀ‫ ݔ‬െ ቁ ൌ 3 cos ቀ‫ ݔ‬െ ቁ , find the exact value of tan ‫ݔ‬.
ଷ ସ

ξ଺ା଺
A.
଺ିξଶ

ξ଺ା଺
B.
ξଶି଺

ξଶି଺
C.
ξ଺ା଺

଺ିξଶ
D.
ξ଺ା଺

4
9) Beryl made an error proving that 2௡ ൅ ሺെ1ሻ௡ାଵ is divisible by 3 for all integers ݊ ൒ 1
using mathematical induction. The proof is shown below.
Step 1: Prove 2௡ ൅ ሺെ1ሻ௡ାଵ is divisible by 3 (݊ is an integer) for ݊ ൌ 1.
2ଵ ൅ ሺെ1ሻଵାଵ ൌ 2 ൅ 1
ൌ3ൈ1 Line 1
Result is true for ݊ ൌ 1.
Step 2: Assume true for ݊ ൌ ݇.
2௞ ൅ ሺെ1ሻ௞ାଵ ൌ 3݉ (where ݉ is an integer) Line 2
Step 3: Prove true for ݊ ൌ ݇ ൅ 1 .
2௞ାଵ ൅ ሺെ1ሻ௞ାଵାଵ ൌ 2ሺ2௞ ሻ ൅ ሺെ1ሻ௞ାଶ Line 3
ൌ 2ሾ3݉ ൅ ሺെ1ሻ௞ାଵ ሿ ൅ ሺെ1ሻ௞ାଶ Line 4
ൌ 2 ൈ 3݉ ൅ 2 ൈ ሺെ1ሻ௞ାଶ ൅ ሺെ1ሻ௞ାଶ
ൌ 3ሾ2݉ ൅ ሺെ1ሻ௞ାଶ ሿ
Which is a multiple of 3 since m and k are integers.
Step 4: Hence, proven true by mathematical induction for all integers ݊ ൒ 1 .
In which line did Beryl make an error ?
A. Line 1

B. Line 2

C. Line 3

D. Line 4

10) The polynomial ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ ݔ‬൅ 2 is a factor of the polynomial ‫ ݔ‬ସ ൅ 4‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܽ.
Determine the value of the constant ܽ .

A. ܽ ൌ െ6

B. ܽ ൌ െ3

C. ܽൌ3

D. ܽൌ6

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Section II
60 marks
Attempt questions 11-14
Start each question on a NEW piece of paper

Question 11 (15 marks)

Use a new sheet of paper.

ௗ௬
(a) Find given ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ tanିଵ ሺ2‫ݔ‬ሻ. 2
ௗ௫

(b) Find : 2
݀‫ݔ‬
න .
ξ12 െ 4‫ ݔ‬ଶ

గ
(c) Use the substitution ‫ ݔ‬ൌ cos ߠ (where 0 ൏ ߠ ൏ ) to determine : 3
ଶ

´ x2
µ 1  x 2 dx .
¶

(d) The movements of a drone flying straight and level at a

constant speed are being monitored via a GPS screen.
One unit on the screen represents 100 m in the air.
The initial position vector of the drone on the screen is
5 i  12 j . An hour later its position vector on the screen is 15 i  30 j .
   
Find the distance travelled by the drone in km, correct to two decimal places. 2

6
Question 11 (continued)

(e)
(i) Express cos ‫ ݔ‬െ ξ3 sin ‫ ݔ‬in the form ܴ cosሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ߙሻ. 2

(ii) Hence, state the greatest value of the function : 1

݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ cos ‫ ݔ‬െ ξ3 sin ‫ ݔ‬൅ 10 .

(f) Use the substitution ‫ ݑ‬ൌ ݁ ௫ to evaluate (correct to three decimal places) : 3

୪୬ ହ
2݁ ௫
න ݀‫ ݔ‬.
୪୬ ଷ 2 ൅ ݁ ଶ௫

7
Question 12 (15 marks)
Use a new sheet of paper

4 2
(a) Consider the vectors ܽӇ ൌ ൤ ൨ and ܾӇ ൌ ൤ ൨.
െξ5 ξ5
Find the vector projection of ܽӇ onto ܾӇ . Express your answer in component form. 2

ଵ
(b) Use the relationship sin ‫ ܣ‬cos ‫ ܤ‬ൌ ሾsinሺ‫ ܣ‬൅ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൅ sinሺ‫ ܣ‬െ ‫ܤ‬ሻሿ , or otherwise, to
ଶ
గ
determine where the curve ‫ ݕ‬ൌ sin 5‫ ݔ‬൅ sin ‫ ݔ‬cuts the ‫ ݔ‬െaxis for 0 ൑ ‫ ݔ‬൑ . 2
ଶ

(c) The variables ‫ ݔ‬and ߠ satisfy the differential equation :

݀‫ݔ‬
‫ ݔ‬cosଶ ߠ ൌ 1 ൅ 2 tan ߠ ,
݀ߠ
గ గ
for 0 ൑ ߠ ൑ and ‫ ݔ‬൐ 0. It is given that ‫ ݔ‬ൌ 1 when ߠ ൌ .
ଶ ସ

ௗ ଶ ୲ୟ୬ ఏ
(i) Show that ሺtanଶ ߠሻ ൌ . 1
ௗఏ ୡ୭ୱమ ఏ
(ii) Solve the differential equation :
ௗ௫
‫ ݔ‬cosଶ ߠ ൌ 1 ൅ 2 tan ߠ . 3
ௗఏ

(d) A particle ܲ is in equilibrium under the action of four forces of magnitude 6 N , 5 N ,

‫ ܨ‬N and ‫ ܨ‬N acting in the directions shown in the diagram below.

(i) By considering the vertical components

of the forces, find an expression
for ‫ ܨ‬in terms of ߙ.
1

(ii) Hence, determine the value of ߙ , correct

to the nearest degree.
2

8
Question 12 (continued)

ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ܽӇ and ܱ‫ܥ‬

(e) In the diagram below, ܱ‫ ܥܤܣ‬is a parallelogram where ܱ‫ܣ‬ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ܿӇ .

(i) ܺ is the midpoint of the line ‫ܥܣ‬. Explain why ܺ is also the
midpoint of ܱ‫ܤ‬. 1

(ii) ܱ‫ ܦܥ‬is a straight line so that ܱ‫ܥ‬: ‫ ܦܥ‬ൌ ݇: 1.

ଵ
Given that ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܺ‫ ܦ‬ൌ 3ܿӇ െ ܽӇ , find the value of ݇. 3
ଶ

9
Question 13 (15 marks)
Use a new sheet of paper

(a)
A ball is thrown horizontally with speed 5 ms ିଵ from a point ܱ on the roof of a
building. At time ‫ ݐ‬seconds after projection, the horizontal and vertical displacements
of the ball from ܱ are ‫ ݔ‬metres and ‫ ݕ‬metres respectively.
Note that after the ball is projected , ‫ ݔ‬൐ 0 and ‫ ݕ‬൏ 0 .
Use 10 m/sଶ for the acceleration due to gravity.

(i) Derive the expressions for ‫ ݔ‬and ‫ ݕ‬in terms of ‫ݐ‬. 2

(ii) Hence, show that the Cartesian equation of the trajectory of the ball is

‫ ݕ‬ൌ െ0.2‫ ݔ‬ଶ . 1

The ball strikes the horizontal ground which surrounds the building at a point ‫ܣ‬.

(iii) Given that ܱ‫ ܣ‬ൌ 18 m, calculate the value of ‫ ݔ‬at ‫ܣ‬. 2

Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places.

(iv) Hence, calculate the speed of the ball as it strikes the ground at ‫ܣ‬. 2

Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places.

10
Question 13 (continued)

ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ܽӇ ൅ ܾӇ and ܱ‫ܥ‬

(b) Consider a rhombus ܱ‫ ܥܤܣ‬where ܱ‫ܣ‬ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ܾӇ .

A B

O
C

(i) Find an expression for the vector ሬሬሬሬሬԦ

‫ ܣܥ‬in terms of ܽӇ and ܾӇ . 1
(ii) Find an expression for the scalar product ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱ‫ܣܥ ڄ ܤ‬ሬሬሬሬሬԦ in terms of ܽӇ and ܾӇ . 1
(iii) Use the scalar product ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱ‫ܣܥ ڄ ܤ‬ሬሬሬሬሬԦ to prove the diagonals are perpendicular. 2

(c) A rectangular reservoir has a horizontal base of area 1000 m2 . At time ‫ ݐ‬ൌ 0, the reservoir
is empty and water begins to flow into it at a constant rate of 30 m3 s í1 . At the same time,
water begins to flow out at a rate proportional to ξ݄ , where ݄ m is the depth of the water at
ௗ௛
time ‫ ݐ‬seconds. When ݄ ൌ 1, ൌ 0.02.
ௗ௧

(i) Show that ݄ satisfies the differential equation : 2

݄݀
ൌ 0.01൫3 െ ξ݄ ൯ .
݀‫ݐ‬

(ii) The differential equation is transformed using the substitution ‫ ݔ‬ൌ 3 െ ξ݄ . 1

Show that the resulting differential equation is :
݀‫ݔ‬
ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ 3ሻ ൌ 0.005‫ ݔ‬.
݀‫ݐ‬

(iii) Given that ‫ ݔ‬ൌ 3 when ‫ ݐ‬ൌ 0, find ‫ ݐ‬as a function of ‫ݔ‬. 1

11
Question 14 (15marks)
Use a NEW sheet of paper

(a) Use mathematical induction to prove that, for all positive integers ݊ , 3
ሺെ1ሻ௡ିଵ ݊ሺ݊ ൅ 1ሻ
1ଶ െ 2ଶ ൅ 3ଶ െ ‫ ڮ‬൅ ሺെ1ሻ௡ିଵ ݊ଶ ൌ .
2

(b) In the diagram below, the two curves shown are ‫ ݕ‬ൌ cos 2‫ ݔ‬and ‫ ݕ‬ൌ sinଶ ‫ݔ‬.

(i) The two curves intersect at the points ‫ ܣ‬and ‫ܤ‬.

Determine the coordinates of ‫ܣ‬. 2
(ii) The shaded region in the diagram is the area between the two
curves ‫ ݕ‬ൌ cos 2‫ ݔ‬and ‫ ݕ‬ൌ sinଶ ‫ݔ‬. This area is rotated about
the ‫ ݔ‬െaxis to form a solid. Find the volume of this solid.
Give your answer correct to two decimal places. 3

12
Question 14 (continued)

(c) Solve the following inequation :

3௫ ൏ 4|1 െ 3௫ |
Express your answers correct to 3 decimal places. 3

(d) Find the Cartesian equation of the curve with the parametric equations : 2
‫ ݔ‬ൌ 4 cos ߠ െ sin ߠ
ൠ
‫ ݕ‬ൌ 5 cos ߠ ൅ sin ߠ

(e) Consider the function ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬൅ ݁ ହ௫ ൅ 2 and its inverse function ݃ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ.
Use the derivative of ݂൫݃ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ൯ to determine the gradient of the tangent to the
curve ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ݃ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ, at the point where ‫ ݔ‬ൌ 3. 2

End of paper

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