' ' .

, ''
l
Textbook ofAdvanced Engineering Mathematics
748
us~g partial fraction, using transforms of derivative, using transf?rms of integrals,
using multiplication by t", using division by t and using convolution theorem. The
above methods are given one by one as below.
7.10.2.1 lnverae Laplace Transform& U•lnl partial Fraction
In this method, first of an we resolve /(s) into partial fractions and then apply the
formulae and properties of the inverse Laplace transform given in previous sections.
The following examples make this method clear.
· EXA11PLB 7.21: Find the inverse Laplace transforms of
2ls-33
2.r2-4 2.r2-1
(q (s + 1) (s - 2)3
(a) (s+l)(s-l)(s-3) (b) (s2+t)(s2+4)
,f
s3
.f (/) s4 -a4
(~ $4 +4a4 (e) ,4 +s2 +1

if+l
-I

('1 ('4 ~-
.f
(s-l)(s2 +2.r+S)
• 2.r2 - 4 I I 4 I 7 1 •
Solutloa: (al Now,--- --=-·---· -+-·-, by partial fraction
(.r+l)(1-2)(1-J) 6 1+1 3 .r-2 2 s-3 •
inverse Laplace transform on both aides of the above relation and using
lineanty property, we have

L-1{(I+ l)~-~~i-l)} • -¾L-'{,!1}-jL -'{,~2}+iL-t 3}

• _!•-, _!14
6 3
+!~
2 <t
since L-1 ±at
.r+a -e •
{_!_}-
N 212-1 1 3
("I aw, ,2 + A • --+ t4 • by partial fraction.
-
linearity• ptvp«t:l',..A/1:11
Taking pl " cm both llidea of the above relation and using

L-1{---:--..-.-.:;,.~. +a 1
(,2+1) ---

.,_
T• ..-- l .
•-mat
+ a •
21s-33 2
(ct Now, - - - -3 ---
•.r+l + • • fraction.
(s+l)(s-2) ,-2 (,-
~aking inverse Laplace transform on both_,.: • •
linearity property, we have ~ . . A l r ~ t i o n and usmg
Laplac e Tra11sr .
'J 0171r Qa.,J • 749
,-.. Its Applications

1 { t }
L- { 2Is-33 }
== 2L-1{ _!_}-2 L-1{_ l_}+6 L-1{ 1 2}+3L 1 ( -2/
s+I s-2 (s-2) s
• of L-1 { I
which in view 1
-::-} •
== e±at and L-1 { -I-} =eaJ -,n- gives
s+a
(s-ar In I
1 2
L- {- 2Is-33 }
(s+ l)(s-2 )2 == 2e-1 -2e21 +6eu +3-e2' . ~.

3
(4 Now, 4 --=..!..
4 .[ I 1 ]
by partia l fractio n.
. . .r +4a 4a (.r-a)2 + 2 -( 2 2 ,
in
~aking mverae a s +a) + a .
linea ri~ Laptlace transf orm on both sides of the above relati on and us g
-~ t,weh&9e

L-1 { •• : ....-} • ..!..L-1I I } 1 L-1 { 1 2

}
4a (.r-a)2 +a2 -4a (s+a)2 +a

wblcbln91ewtJI' t-af I } 1 sin ht

l(I:t•>2 + /,2 = ,e'"' gives
0 0
L-lta~}•¾•!'••-i;•;~-• •~ 2
sinat- ( e ' ~e- ') = ~ 2 sinat sinh at.
2

f4 Bolt, ~•~;+i•! (•-½J~W-{•+½J~(~J , bypar tialfr actio n.

Tekt111 lmer N I..... . tnud onn on bith aides of the above relati on and using
t,la,• t,, .._ bac, ,-. ~n.....,

~~• !7+ 1

_!. .
•e 2 SID- I
2

. ht-.
Ji, am
2
750 Textbook ofAdvanced Engineering Mathematics

(f) Now, s =s[ s2

4
3
= J .!.[
s 2 + 2 s 2 ] by partial fraction.
4
s -a s4-a4 2 s2-a s +a
~aking inverse Laplace transform on both sides of the above relation and using
linearity property, we have

1-•{
3
s }=!L- •{ s }+IL-1{ s }=l-coshat+l-cosat =.!.(coshat+cosat).
s
4
- a4 2 s2 _0 2 2 s2 + 0 2 2 2 2

(g) Now, Ss+ 3 s-Z , by partial fraction

= __!__
• 2
(s-l)(s 2 +2s+5)
s-1 s +2s+5
1 s+l 1
3 2
=s-1- (s+1)2 +2 + •(s+1)2 +2 •
2

Taking inverse La.place transform on both sides of the above relation and using
linearity property, we have
1

L-ts-1 )~:/:2 s+5)} L-t~l }-L-l {(s+:):~ 2 +3L- t+J); +2

2

e
}

I } =e•, L-1·{ s+a } 1 + b2 }

L-1 { ( + )2
which in view of L-1{- = e-atcos bt and s a
s-a (s+a) 2 +b2

• b .
= b1 e-at sm t gives

•
1

(h) Now, es =.![1-!+l._!__2.!_:..!..+ ...], by definition of exponential function

s s s J1 s s3
1 1 11 1 1
=---2 +--- -·-+
s s ~s3 i •••
Taking inverse Laplace transform on J?R s • :.:'C~.....:;::::e. above relation and using
linearity property, we have

1-1{~} s
1
1- {;}-~
1
]} ( -~i: t~ }+ ...

- 1-,+ 2 _ ......_ ~}=1n-11