 Gurukul’s agricultural engineering module 2

 The farm holding in India are classified as

o Marginal - <1ha
o Small - 1 – 2 ha
o Semi medium – 2- 4 ha
o Medium - 4 – 10 ha
o Large - >10 ha
 The first tractor to India was brought in 1914.
 In 1930s pump-sets were introduced in the country.
 In the 1940’s, high horsepower crawler tractors were imported under the aegis of
Central Tractor Organization (CTO) mainly for land development and to eradicate
obnoxious weed kans grass.
 In 1942, the first degree programme in Agricultural Engineering was started at Allahabad
Agriculture Institute.
 The first Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) at Kharagpur was established in 1951 and
its agricultural engineering programme started in 1952. And its agricultural engineering
programme started in 1952.
 The country produced 619,000 tractors in 2013, accounting for 29% of the total output
worldwide.
 The domestic tractor volumes continue to chart a growth story in the current fiscal, with
the volumes expanding by 19.4 per cent during April-February FY2018.

 Production of machineries in India

 Pumping sets >sprayers and dusters >tractors >power tiller >combine
harvester.

 Average command area

One pair of drought animals 2 ha

Power tillers 5 ha
Tractor 15 ha

Means 2000 ha of cultivated land, the bullocks, power tiller and tractor and generally
Required as follows –
1000 pairs of bullocks
400 power tillers
134 tractors
o in India more than 80 % of farmer depend upon animal drawn implements.
o Traditional implements output is low because the field capacity of is 0.3-0.4 ha/day
And It also requires 3 – 4 tillage operations for land preparation.
o About 10 % of area of our country are covered by tractor operated implements only.

 Seed bed preparation

 Seed bed preparation takes about 10 -25 % of energy used in field
operation.
 Selected Equipment for Seedbed Preparations.
S Name of the Size (mm) Work Capacity
No. Implement ha/h h/ha
(animal
operated)
1. M. B. plough 150 0.024 40-42
2. Disc harrow (4-8 600 – 1200 0.18 – 0.22 5-6
disc )
3. Cultivator (3 300-400 0.08 12 - 14
tynes)
4. Bhakhar 500 0.06 16-18
5. Helical Puddler 500 0.06 16-18
6. Harrow patela 1500 - 1200 0.2-0.25 4-5

watch the video for Working capacity trick

S Name of the Size (mm) Work Capacity
No. Implement ha/h h/ha
(tractor
operated)
1. M.B. plough 2 * 350 0.20-.025 4-5
3 * 350 0.30-0.35 3-4
2. Disc plough 2 * 350 0.20-.025 4-5
3 * 350 0.30-0.35 3-4
3. Disc Harrow (16 2000 0.40 – 0.50 2 – 2.5
disc )
4. Cultivator (9-11) 2500 0.40 – 0.50 2 – 2.5
5. Rotavator 1500 0.2 5
6. Sweep cultivator 5 * 500 0.35 3 – 3.5

S Name of the Size (mm) Work Capacity

No. Implement ha/h h/ha
(power tiller
operated)
1. Rotavator 500 – 600 0.07 - 0.09 11 - 13
  SOWING
Animal operated Equipment for sowing and planting

Animal Size, Work Capacity

S
Operated Mm ha/h h/ha
No.
1. CIAE 2-3 row seed 3 * 225 0.10 10-12
cum-fertilizer drill 3 * 300 0.125 8-8.5
3 * 450 0.155 6-7

2. CRIDA drill plough 1* 225 0.04 20-25

3. CIAE mustard drill 2 * 450 .125 8-8.5
4. CIAE 2-3 row 3 * 450 0-.155 6-7
planter
5. IISR Sugarcane 1 * 900 0-125 8
planter
6. Potato Planter 2 * 450 0-125 8

Watch the video for working capacity trick

 Tractor operated Equipment for sowing and planting
S Name of the Size (mm) Work Capacity
No. Equipment ha/h h/ha
(tractor
operated)
1. Seed Cum – 11 * 225 0.75 1.25 - 1.5
fertilizer drill
2. No- till - Drill 11 * 225 0.75 1.25 - 1.5
3. Strip-till- Drill 1500 0.25 4-5
4. Sugarcane cutter 2 * 900 0.25 4
planter
5. Potato planter 2 * 900 0.25 4

Manually operated Equipment for sowing and planting

S Name of the Size (mm) Work Capacity
No. Equipment ha/h h/ha
(Manually
operated)
1. Mustard seed 1 * 600 0.10 10-12
drill
 Power tiller operated Equipment for sowing and planting
S Name of the Size (mm) Work Capacity
No. Equipment ha/h h/ha
(power tiller
operated)
1. Seed – Cum – 5 * 225 0.10 10-12
Fertilizers drill 5 * 300 0.21 5-5.5

 Seed drill or seed cum fertilizers drills facilitate line sowing. And 10-
15 % inputs saving and about 30 % loss of fertilizers in the field
estimated if not properly applied.
 Dufan (two row) , Tifan (three row), Enatigoru and FESPO plough all
are animal drawn local sowing devices.
 Tractor drawn seed – cum fertlizers drill equipped with inverted ‘T’
type furrow openers used directly after paddy harvest under zero
tillage .
 Equipment for harvesting operation
Manually operated implement
Working Capacity
Name of the Size,mm
S.
Implement Ha/h h/ha
No.
1. CIAE Serrated 0.008 125
sickle.

Animal operated implement

Working Capacity
Name of the Size,
S.
Implement mm Ha/h h/ha
No.
1. CIAE Groundnut – 500 0.1 10-12
cum –potato digger

Power tiller operated

Working Capacity
Name of the Size,mm
S.
Implement Ha/h h/ha
No.
1. Vertical conveyor 1200 mm 0.25 4
Reaper
 Tractor operated
Working Capacity
Name of the Size,mm
S.
Implement Ha/h h/ha
No.
1. Vertical 2000 mm 0.4 2.5
conveyor
Reaper
2. CIAE 2000 mm 0.25 2.5
Soyabean
reaper

self propelled machines

Working Capacity
Name of the Size,mm
S.
Implement Ha/h h/ha
No.
1. Vertical 1000 mm 0.25 4
conveyor
Reaper
2. Combine 4200 mm 1.5 – 2.00 0.75 – 0.25
harvester
 Equipment for Threshing Operation

Equipment for threshing Size Work Capacity

Operation Kg/h.

1. Power operated 5 – 10 HP 200 – 500

thresher
2. CIAE Multi – crop 5 – 10 HP 200 - 500
thresher
3. High capacity multi 15 – 20 HP 1500 - 2000
– crop thresher
4. Tractor PTO 25 – 35 HP 1500 - 2500
operated multi-crops
thresher
5. Paddy thresher 5 – 15 HP 200 - 1000
6. Maize thresher 5 – 15 HP 500 - 2000
7. Ground nut thresher 10 – 15 HP 500 - 1000

 Most of farmer used thresher which are operated by 5 – 15 HP.

 Dangerous machine(regulations) act 1983 – guideline for
manufactures, users and dealers.