Rice Combine Harvester

MARCH 16, 2021

Engr. JAMAICA S. EMPUESTO

Engineer II
 Harvesting practices
1.1 Manual harvesting

o Manual operation sometimes

using tools.
o Labor requirement: 48 person
days / ha.
o Accomplished in several
days.
 2. Mechanization in harvesting
2.1 Reaper and thresher

o Capacity = 2-4 ha/day

o Requires additional labor
for gathering and piling.
o Threshing capacity = 40
cav per hour
o Requires 3 to 4 person to
operate
2. Mechanization in harvesting
2.2 Striper

o Capacity = 0.7 ha/day.

o strips and collects
grains only.
o Does not work well
with long straw and
lodged fields
2. Mechanization in harvesting

2.3 Japanese Combine harvester

o Cutting, hauling,
threshing, cleaning in
one combined
operation.
o Capacity: > 0.5 ha/h.
o Labor requirement: 2-3
Operator
o Hold-on type threshing
section
2. Mechanization in harvesting

2.4 European Combine harvester

o Cutting, hauling,
threshing, cleaning in
one combined
operation.
o Capacity: > 1 ha/h.
o Labor requirement:
1-2 Operators
o Throw-in type
thresher
3. Maintenance
3.1 Typical Japanese combine
3. Maintenance
3.2 Typical grain flow in a combine
harvester
3. Maintenance
3.3 Setting concave clearance

o For most threshing clearances

between peg-teeth and
concave should be about
25mm.
o Smaller clearance increases
grain damage and might lead
to clogging of straw.
o Larger concave clearances
reduce threshing efficiency.
 3. Maintenance
3.4 Setting threshing speed
RPM Tip speed (m/s) for drum diameters of o Drum tip speed should be
about 12-16 m/sec (see Table
30 cm 40 cm 50 cm
400 6.3 8.4 10.42
for correct RPM).
450 7.07 9.4 11.78 o Higher speeds result in higher
500 7.85 10.5 13.09 grain damage and de-hulled
550 8.64 11.5 14.4
grains.
600 9.42 12.6 15.7
650 10.21 13.6 17.02
o Lower speeds increase the
700 11 14.7 18.3 amount of non-threshed grain
750 11.8 15.7 19.64 and result in grain loss. Lower
800 12.6 16.8 21 speeds also decrease the
850 13.4 17.8 22.25
throughput.
900 14.14 18.85 23.6
3. Maintenance
3.5 Maintenance

o Thorough cleaning and

oiling of the moving parts
after each use.
o Regular check-up of
moving parts, especially
the cutting bars.
3. Maintenance
3.6 Specifications
3. Maintenance
3.7 Optimum requirement
o The reel shall be adjustable horizontally and vertically to suit
different crop conditions such as height and density. The
recommended reel speed should be 25 % to 50 % faster than
the ground speed.
o Dividers shall be able to separate the standing grain crop
along the side of the machine and shall be able to assist in
picking up partially lodged or entangled crop, gathering and
guiding them to the cutting unit.
o The recommended peripheral speed of the threshing drum is
20 m/s to 30 m/s.
o Cleaning unit should consist of grain pan, chaffer with
adjustable openings, tailing auger, shoe sieve with adjustable
position and inclination, and fan speed should be adjustable.
4. Occupational Safety and Health
Standards
4.1 The workplace

o Working around
machinery is one of the
most dangerous
workplace.
o Loss of arm and limb is
highly possible.
o Rice combine shall be
fitted with slow-moving
vehicle (SMV) emblem
4. Occupational Safety and Health Standards

4.2 Standards
o PNS:PAES 101 : 2000
o PNS:PAES 224 : 2005
o Rice Machinery Operations NC II
Daghang Salamat