1.

Computers are general-purpose machines that take input from users,

process these inputs, and then give the desired output. Also, the
information processed is stored in a storage.

Based on the fundamental working of a computer system, a computer

mainly has four basic functions that are-

* Input function

* Processing function

* Output function

* Storage function

2. Components of a computer system are the primary elements which make

the functioning of an electronic device smooth and faster. There are five
basic components which include:

* Input Unit

* Output Unit

* Memory Unit

* Control Unit

* Arithmetical and Logical Unit

3. Hardware is any element of a computer that's physical. This includes things

like monitors, keyboards, and also the insides of devices,
like microchips and hard drives.
 Software is anything that tells hardware what to do and how to do it,
including computer programs and apps on your phone. Video games, photo
editors, and web browsers are just a few examples.

4. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the primary component of a computer

that acts as its “control center.” The CPU, also referred to as the “central”
or “main” processor, is a complex set of electronic circuitry that runs the
machine’s operating system and apps. The CPU interprets, processes and
executes instructions, most often from the hardware and software
programs running on the device.

The CPU performs arithmetic, logic, and other operations to transform data
input into more usable information output. While the CPU must contain at
least one processing core, many contain multiple cores. A server with two
hexa-core CPUs, for example, will have a total of 12 processors.

5. Memory is the electronic holding place for instructions and data where a
computer needs to reach quickly. It’s where information is stored for
immediate use. Memory is one of the basic functions of a computer,
because without it, a computer would not be able to function properly.

There are two types of computer memory-

* Primary memory- RAM, ROM
* Secondary memory- pen drive, HDD

6. The major differences between RAM and ROM are:

RAM ROM

Definition of RAM is Random Access Definition of ROM is Read-only Memory

Memory
Random Access Memory (RAM) is ROM is cheaper when compared to RAM.
expensive when compared to ROM
 The speed of Random Access Memory
(RAM) is higher when compared to ROM
Random Access Memory (RAM) has a
higher capacity when compared to ROM
7. Difference Between Primary and Secondary Memory
Primary Memory
This memory is temporary memory.
This memory is directly accessible by the
computer’s Processor/CPU.
The devices of primary memory are more
expensive than secondary storage
devices.
This memory is known as a device's main
or internal memory.
The speed of Read-only Memory (ROM) is
slower when compared to RAM.
ROM has a lower capacity compared to
RAM
Secondary Memory
This memory is permanent memory
This memory is not directly accessible by
the computer’s CPU.
The devices of secondary memory
devices are not more expensive as
compared to primary memory devices.
This memory is known as external
memory or auxiliary memory of a device.