Question Answer

What are the characteristics of DNA viruses? They have a double-stranded DNA genome.

Name a well-known DNA virus that causes Variola virus.

smallpox.

Which DNA virus causes molluscum contagiosum? Molluscum contagiosum virus.

What is the causative agent of chickenpox? Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV).

Which DNA virus is responsible for causing Epstein Barr Virus (EBV).
mononucleosis?

What is the DNA virus associated with hepatitis B? Hepatitis B Virus (HBV).

Which DNA virus is linked to the development of Papillomavirus (HPV).

cervical cancer?

What are the basic concepts in virology? The study of viruses and their properties.

How do RNA viruses differ from DNA viruses? RNA viruses use RNA as their genetic material, while DNA viruses use DNA.

What are the clinical features, diagnosis, and basic Clinical features, diagnosis, and basic management of viruses such as herpesviruses,
management of important DNA viruses? poxviruses, and papillomaviruses.

What is the reference for the review of Medical Levinson, Warren; Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology (Lange Medical Books)
Microbiology and Immunology? 13th ed.

What is the reference for Jawetz, Melnick & Riedel, Morse et al; Jawetz Melnick & Adelbergs Medical Microbiology - Lange 28th ed.
Adelbergs Medical Microbiology?

What are viruses? Obligate intracellular, potentially pathogenic entities, possessing only one type of nucleic acid
either RNA or DNA.

What is the extracellular infective form of a virus Virion.

called?

What are the two classes of DNA viruses? Single-strand DNA viruses and double-strand DNA viruses.

Give an example of a single-strand DNA virus. Parvovirus.

Name some double-strand DNA viruses. Polyomaviruses, papillomaviruses, adenoviruses, herpesviruses.

What are the characteristics of poxviruses? They are the largest viruses, almost visible on light microscopy (240x - 300 nm) and are ovoid
to brick shaped with a complex morphology.

What type of virus is the Poxvirus? dsDNA virus.

What is the shape of the Poxvirus? Brick shaped.

What does the core of the Poxvirus contain? Nucleic acid.

What are the lateral bodies of the Poxvirus? Their function is unknown.

Is the Poxvirus enveloped? Yes.

Is the Poxvirus resistant to inactivation? Yes.

How many polypeptides are associated with More than 100.

Poxviruses?

Where do Poxviruses replicate? In the cytoplasm.

What is the species specificity of Poxviruses? They tend to be highly species-specific.

What are some clinical syndromes associated with Smallpox and molluscum contagiosum.
Poxviruses?

What is the significance of some Poxviruses being They are being explored for gene therapy.
explored as gene therapy vectors?

What is the impact of many polypeptides of They target the immune response.
Poxviruses targeting the immune response?

What is the fatality rate of Variola major? 20%.

Question Answer

What is the fatality rate of Variola minor? 1 - 2%.

How many people did smallpox kill in the 20th 300 million.
century alone?

What form of cowpox was used for the smallpox Vaccinia.

vaccine?

Why was smallpox named to discriminate it from To differentiate it from syphilis.

'largepox'?

How has smallpox shaped civilization? It has had a significant impact on civilization.

What is the clinical syndrome associated with Smallpox.

Smallpox?

What is the clinical syndrome associated with Molluscum contagiosum.

Poxviruses?

How do lesions of Molluscum contagiosum differ They are nodular to wartlike and have a central caseous plug.
from pox lesions?

What do the lesions of Molluscum contagiosum Papules.

begin as?

What is the incubation period for Molluscum 2 to 8 weeks.

contagiosum?

How is Molluscum contagiosum spread? By direct contact (e.g., sexual contact, wrestling) or fomites (e.g., towels).

How is Molluscum contagiosum confirmed By the finding of characteristic large, eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions (molluscum bodies) in
histologically? epithelial cells.

How long does it take for lesions of molluscum 2 to 12 months.

contagiosum to disappear?

How are nodules of molluscum contagiosum By curettage (scraping) or the application of liquid nitrogen or iodine solutions.
removed?

What is the shape of Herpesvirus? Spherical icosahedron.

What type of DNA does Herpesvirus have? Double-stranded, linear DNA.

Is Herpesvirus enveloped? Yes.

What family does Herpesvirus belong to? Herpesviruses.

What is the causative agent of chickenpox and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV).
shingles?

Which virus is associated with infectious Epstein Barr Virus (EBV).

mononucleosis?

What does HSV stand for? Herpes Simplex Virus.

What is the full form of VZV? Varicella Zoster Virus.

What does CMV stand for? Cytomegalovirus.

What is the full form of EBV? Epstein Barr Virus.

What does HHV stand for? Human Herpesvirus.

What disease is associated with HHV 8? Kaposi’s sarcoma.

What are the characteristics of herpesvirus They exhibit latency and recurrent infections.
infections?

How do complications of latency and recurrent They become more severe with age, cancer chemotherapy, etc.
herpesvirus infections change with age and certain
medical treatments?
Question Answer

Which group of patients are most affected by AIDS patients.

herpesvirus as opportunistic infections?

What is the most common and serious Herpesvirus infections.

opportunistic infection among AIDS patients?

What are the clinical syndromes associated with Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes oral and genital herpes. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes
Herpesvirus? chickenpox and shingles. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes infectious mononucleosis and is
associated with certain cancers.

What family does Herpesvirus belong to? Herpesviruses.

What is the causative agent of chickenpox and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV).
shingles?

Which virus is associated with infectious Epstein Barr Virus (EBV).

mononucleosis?

What virus is responsible for causing cold sores Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV).
and genital herpes?

What diseases are caused by Varicella Zoster Chickenpox and shingles.

Virus (VZV)?

What is the primary infection caused by VZV? Chickenpox with vesicles.

Where does the VZV virus enter and remain Neurons.

latent?

What results from the reactivation of VZV virus? Shingles with vesicles localized to distinctive areas (dermatomes).

What are the treatments for VZV infections? Acyclovir, famciclovir, interferon.

What type of vaccine is available for VZV? Live attenuated vaccine.

What do Herpesvirus and Cytomegalovirus Giant cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions.
produce in cells?

In which bodily fluids are Herpesvirus and Saliva, respiratory mucus, milk, urine, semen, cervical secretions, and feces.
Cytomegalovirus transmitted?

Where is Herpesvirus and Cytomegalovirus In various tissues.

commonly latent?

What percentage of infections of Herpesvirus and Most infections.

Cytomegalovirus are asymptomatic?

Which groups develop a more virulent form of Fetuses, newborns, and immunodeficient adults.
disease when infected with Herpesvirus and
Cytomegalovirus?

What are the symptoms that newborns may exhibit Enlarged liver, spleen, jaundice, capillary bleeding, microcephaly, and ocular inflammation.
due to Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection?

What are the potential manifestations of CMV CMV mononucleosis, disseminated CMV, and retinitis.
infection in AIDS patients?

What are the potential complications of CMV Pneumonitis, hepatitis, myocarditis, and meningoencephalitis.
infection in transplant patients?

Name some treatments for CMV infection. Ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet.

Which virus infects lymphoid tissue and salivary Epstein Barr Virus (EBV).
glands?

What are the symptoms of mononucleosis caused Sore throat, high fever, cervical lymphadenopathy.
by Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)?

What is Burkitt’s lymphoma associated with? Chronic co infections with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV).

What disease is associated with chronic co Nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

infections of Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)?
Question Answer

What type of virus is Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)? It is a herpesvirus.

What disease is associated with Epstein Barr Virus Infectious mononucleosis (mono).
(EBV)?

What type of virus is Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)? It is a herpesvirus.

What is the full name of EBV? Epstein Barr Virus.

How is HHV6 transmitted? By close contact.

Is HHV6 very common? Yes.

What does HHV6 cause? Roseola.

Is HHV6 usually self-limited? Yes.

What symptoms may adults get from HHV6? Mono-like symptoms, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis.

What family does Herpesvirus belong to? Herpesviruses.

What is the causative agent of chickenpox and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV).
shingles?

Which virus is associated with mononucleosis? Epstein Barr Virus (EBV).

What is HHV 7 closely related to? HHV 6.

What diseases does HHV 7 cause that are similar Similar diseases.
to HHV 6?

What is Kaposi’s sarcoma associated virus linked Common tumor of AIDS patients.
with?

What other disease may be involved in by HHV 8? Multiple myeloma.

What type of viruses are Hepadnaviruses? Enveloped DNA viruses.

What is unusual about the genome of It contains both double and single-stranded DNA.
Hepadnaviruses?

What is the tropism of Hepadnaviruses? For the liver.

What disease does Hepatitis B virus cause? Hepatitis.

What can Hepatitis B virus be a factor in? Liver cancer.

What is the name of the virus associated with viral Hepadnavirus.

hepatitis?

What is the result of interference with the liver's Bilirubin accumulates in the blood and tissues, causing jaundice.
excretion of bile pigments?

What is the primary effect of viral hepatitis on liver Inflammatory disease.

cells?

What is the name of the virus associated with viral Hepadnavirus.

hepatitis?

Which type of hepatitis is caused by Viral hepatitis.

Hepadnavirus?

Where does Hepatitis B Virus multiply exclusively? In the liver.

What does Hepatitis B Virus continuously seed Viruses.

blood with?

How is Hepatitis B Virus transmitted? Sexually transmitted.

What is the high incidence of Hepatitis B Virus Homosexuals and illicit drug users.
among?
Question Answer

What can Hepatitis B Virus become? A chronic infection.

What risk does Hepatitis B Virus increase? Risk of liver cancer.

What is the full name of the virus Hepatitis B Virus.

HEPADNAVIRUS?

What disease is caused by HEPADNAVIRUS? Hepatitis B.

What type of virus is HEPADNAVIRUS? DNA virus.

How is HEPADNAVIRUS transmitted? Through blood and bodily fluids.

What is another name for Hepatitis B Virus? Hepadnavirus.

How is chronic infection of Hepatitis B Virus With interferon.

controlled?

How does HB immune globulin protect exposed It protects exposed people.

people from Hepatitis B Virus?

How is the HBV vaccine produced? Recombinant surface antigen made by yeast.

What is the schedule for administering the HBV Given in 3 doses over 18 months.
vaccine?

What is the name of the virus family to which Papovaviridae.

Papillomavirus belongs?

What type of virus is Papillomavirus? DNA virus.

What is the primary mode of transmission for Sexual contact.

Papillomavirus?

What is the association between Papillomavirus Papillomavirus infection is a major risk factor for cervical cancer.
and cervical cancer?

What is the characteristic growth associated with Benign, squamous epithelial growth, wart.
Papillomavirus (HPV)?

How many different strains of HPV can cause 40.

Papilloma?

How is Papilloma transmitted? Through direct contact or contaminated fomites.

What type of viruses are adenoviruses? Medium sized, non-enveloped, double stranded DNA viruses.

Where do adenoviruses replicate and produce In the eye, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts.
disease?

Who are primarily infected by adenoviruses? Children.

What are the common serotypes of adenoviruses Adenoviruses 1 - 7.

worldwide?

What is the incubation period for adenovirus 5 to 8 days.

infections?

What do adenoviruses primarily cause? Most cases of adenovirus-associated infections.

What is the serotype of Adenovirus associated with 1 - 7.

acute febrile pharyngitis in children?

Which disease is associated with Adenovirus Pharyngoconjunctival fever.

serotype 3, 7, and 14 in older children?

What is the disease caused by Adenovirus Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (shipyard eye).

serotype 8, 9, and 37 in older children?

Which age group is at risk of acute follicular Adults.

conjunctivitis caused by Adenovirus serotype 3, 4,
and 11?
Question Answer

What are the serotypes of Adenovirus associated 11, 21.

with diarrhea in infants and young children?

Which age group is at risk of hemorrhagic cystitis Children.

caused by Adenovirus?