HPM Solu on

Consider a quin c duffing oscillator

𝜃 + 𝑎𝜃 + 𝑏𝜃 + 𝑐𝜃 = 0 (1)
According to He et.al (2023) the Displacement solu on of a cubic-quni c duffing oscillator is

5 1 𝑐𝐴
𝜃 = 𝐴cos 𝜔𝑡 + 𝑐𝐴 + 𝑏𝐴 (cos 3𝜔𝑡 − cos 𝜔𝑡) + (cos 5𝜔𝑡 − cos 𝜔𝑡) (2)
128𝜔 32𝜔 384𝜔
Where;

3 5
𝜔= 𝑎 + 𝑏𝐴 + 𝑐𝐴 (3)
4 8

Comparing the solu on to a duffing oscillator (c = 0);

𝜃 + 𝑎𝜃 + 𝑏𝜃 = 0 (4)
We obtain the displacement solu on as;
1
𝜃 = Acos 𝜔𝑡 + 𝑏𝐴 (cos 3𝜔𝑡 − cos 𝜔𝑡) (5)
32𝜔
And differen a ng, we obtain the velocity solu on as thus;

bA (𝜔Sin 𝑡𝜔 − 3𝜔Sin 3𝑡𝜔)

𝜃 = −𝐴𝜔Sin 𝜔𝑡 + (6)
32𝜔
Comparing with the free undamped jet engine vibra on model;

𝐽 + 𝑚𝐿 𝜅
𝜃̈ + 𝜃 + mg sin 𝜃 = 0 (7)
𝐿 𝐿
Where;
𝑘 𝑚𝑔𝐿
𝛿= ;𝛽 =
𝐽 + (𝑚𝐿 ) 𝐽 + (𝑚𝐿 )
It becomes;

𝜃̈ + 𝛿𝜃 + 𝛽Sin𝜃 = 0 (8)
Considering the Jet engine vibra on equa on in equa on (8) above, expanding the 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 term in terms of
𝜃 and trunca ng at 𝜃 as 𝜃 is very small, we obtain a Taylor Series equivalent equa on as follows;
1
𝜃̈ + (𝛿 + 𝛽)𝜃 − 𝛽𝜃 (9)
6
Comparing (9) with (4) above we see that;
𝑎 = (𝛿 + 𝛽)
1
𝑏=− 𝛽
6
And we obtain a similar displacement solu on;
 1 1
𝜃 = 𝐴Cos 𝜔𝑡 + − 𝛽 𝐴 (Cos 3𝜔𝑡 − Cos 𝜔𝑡) (10)
32𝜔 6
And corresponding velocity solu on;

𝐴 𝛽(𝜔Sin 𝜔𝑡 − 3𝜔Sin 3𝜔𝑡)

𝜃 = −𝜔Sin 𝜔𝑡 − (11)
192𝜔