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    СборникТрудов86

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    СборникТрудов86

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    10 views81 pages

    СборникТрудов86

    Uploaded by

    Alfred Rytenkovich
    СборникТрудов86

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    MUIHUCTEPCTBO MOPCKOTFO OJOTA CCCP BCECOW3HOE OBbEAHHEHHE «MOPTEXHH®OPMPEKJIAMA> WENTPAJIBHBIA OPJIEHA TPYAOBOrO KPACHOTO 3HAMEHM HAYSHO-HCCJIEJOBATEJIBCKHM HHCTHTYT MOPCKOIO @JIOTA MEPCMEKTHBHBIE THM! MOPCKHX TPAHCIOPTHbIX CYJIOB COopaux nayunnx tpydos ie) DTFOEI @ AEHVHIPAN «TPAHCHOPT» MEHMHTPAMCKOE OTEJIEHHE 1986 YAK 629,123"313" Tepcnestapinie THN MopcKHx TpeHcnoprHux cynoB: C6, Kays. 1p.— JI, Tpane- mopr, 1986. 160 c. (LHHHM®). Tipuaogatea pesyapraTit accnenopanuli texHuKo-oKemayaTalNORMWX xapakre- PHCTHK MOPCKAX CyAOR HOBOrO Nonenxenwa u Ax OGopymoBaHux, PaccmarpuBaioresn Me1OLMMECKHE BONPOCH ALIGOPa OCHOBHNX TeXHEKO-sKCTAyATAHORABX XapakTepH- CTHK cygOR MepeMcKTuBOK NOCTPORKK K HOPMATHBHO-WeTOAHTECKGR Gagbi MEA Ax oGocxonaans. Haaaraiorca peayabtatas OOOcHOBANHA NepcneKTHAHEIX MOPCKEX TpaHcHOpTALx CYAOB, OCHOBAHHBIX Ha TEXTHKO-SKOHOMMNECKHR HecMeAOBAHHAX Hi TOACKOBLEX s:p0- pasoriax c MeNOMOBaNEM MpoexrApoRaARA cyzOR W AHAAHSA OnWTA HX KCIAya TauHh. Maaaeren ¢ 1955 1. OrpeteTBcHHMH pegaxtop B. H. Hepeconnan, a-p Texa. Haye PegakmnOuHaad KOAAerUS: KARR oKOH, WayK A. A, Haxrun (3am, OTB Peaawrope), KaHx. TexH. Hayx JE. I. Coxoaos, Kawa. text. wayx Mo A. Ppewun, scp vexn. nayk B. B, JTunuc, wana, texx. wayk . A. Mopeiinuc, Kaan, TeXH. wayK ATF. Hod, Kana. texu. nayx A.A, BoeOaxoa, B. A. Memyeaa (ove. cekpetaph). Hayunuk pemaxtop ap rexs. wayK upapeccop H. IL Mupowmnuenxo Bunymeno ao aakasy Munnctepersa mopexoro cbaota CCCP Cs. maw 1988, 03. 12 MEPCHEKTHBHBIE THMbl MOPCKMX TPAHCIOPTHELX CYOB Pegaxrop E. A. ¥sanoea Penaxrop maaarenectaa HM. Crpoene Texu. penoxrop J. H. Tunocoooa Koppexrop-aswuraak C. K. Bexedusrosa Kopperop K. 0. Exeasnnosa aK Caauo 8 waGop 28,07.8. Togmmcaxo k nedata 25.11.86. M-I3784. Dopmar 60X90. ymara gun. Me |. Papnarypa sureparypnan. [erate siicoxas. Yer, nex. a. 10,0. Yea. xp.rort. 10.38. Yanga, 1. 10,97. Tapax 570 9x3, Sanaa Ne 633. Wan, No 3-4-1/16-4157-364. Tena | p. 70k. 3aKaaxion. Opaena HM. Earenet Coxoronol Coo3rogurpabnporta mpi Cocy Raperoenuom xoMHTere CCCP mo namam veRareaueTs, nommrpadun x KaimcuoN Toprou.ut 190000, Menusrpaa, Tipaveasuii nepeyaox, 6 7 3805080000-364 |, © Bercovonos oGreausonne eo(OT) =e *AKAIHOE u <¥penroii> NPHUIIOch CMeHHTh OKOsO 100 m? napyxuof oGmupKn. O6umpuEle negoLte noBpermAenus Mory- 4HIH Take Tankeps «. Pacxoan, caasannne © ycrpanecHiem HospexkseHkit, CoCcTaBHIH WO 25 % oT CYMMapHDIX Tex- HHMECKHX YORITKOB, TOMeCeHHBIX WaPOXOACTBAME BCREACTBHe AeAOBOit apapuiinocts cyzoe. Ilo cratucruke Tankepp Tana «Camoraop» 3Ha- WHTeAbHO valle MOMyaIT noBpexszedua SopToRBIX nepeKpHTHii, pas- Mcpil KOTOpHX B 2 pasa Goabule nO cpaBHeHMw c CyAaMH Kaacca Y¥ AA tuna H Hanagounnkos thoa «. [lua o6ecneuenna neo6xoquMoro coOTEeTCTBHA J1eqOKO- HAM CPCAHETOHHAKHHE TAHKEPL JeqOBOTO WAaBAaHAd Takxce AOIKUEL cTpontac# Ha Kgacc YAA 4 aMeTd Jenonpoxogumocrh oKoc0 | M. 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Tipy coxpanenun ucxoguo rpysonogbemHocTa Aanna TanKepa MOKCT ObITh COKpalilena na [0—12 M, 4TO NosBoaHNT caKo- Homuts oKo2o 500 + metaaaa, CregonaTenbuo, Lexccoobpasno up MeHATL B cpegueli yacTH Kopnyca Tasxepa Knacca YAA septuxaan- bili Gop. Tip spiGope PopMet oGBoxow KOpMyca TpaHcnopTHyIx cy- Hon tpe6opahie NpouwocTu We ABACTCA ONpeZensIoMMM [1]. Cueayer OTMeTHTb, 4TO 3a py6exKOM CTPoaTed nexOKOAbHO-Tpale- NopTune cyfa ¢ BepTHKadlbutim Goptom. K wim oTHocHTcA nemoKOaL- Mbit HabauowiMK «ApKruk» segompoxodNMocrbio 0,6 MH JegoKoub- RBIC cyda WIA OGcuy2xKUBANHA GypoBHrX ycranoBOK B ApKTHKe THTa «Karmap Karopuak» aAeaoupoxogamoctnio 0,9 M, nocTpoenxpie B Ka- Hage. B wactosigee Bpema Kananckum cy@OcTpoNTeqbEBIM KONCOpLAy- MOM paspaOoTaH AcoKonpubit cuaGaenell c BepruKanbnbiM Goptom B cpequeH 4acTH Ae_Onpoxogumoctpio 18 mM, MouocThY) 27 MBr (36 TpIc. a. c.). Tipumenenue septukarbHoro Gopra c OMHOBPCMeHHEIM yBeMucHHeM Koshprynenta obmel mosnoTe AOuKHO MpHBeCTH K yxymueNmo ne Aosod xvaKocta cyaaa. Kak mokagaih CpaBHHTe/bHble UCTBITAHHA B agegoBom Gaccelize AAHUWM, omkugaemoe cHwxKeHHe eqoupoxogu- MOCTH CYAHA C BePTHKAbHBIM GopToM 10 cpaBHena C HaKAOHTEIM (8°) npx apocHx paBHbIx ycaosuax cocTaBaseT oKono 5 % [2]. Heob- XOAMMO TAaKAKC YYHTHIBATb, YTO No RavHM MOACAbHHX uCTELraHHd MpHMeHeHHe BCPTHKAMbHOTO GopTa NO3ROJINeT CHE3HTh BsaHMopelicT- Bhe rpeuoro BHATa C OHTHM AbAOM BClieACTBHe Gomee adextie- HOrO OTROAA Aba BEPTHKaNbHAIMM GOpPTAMH UOL KpoMKM Kanama. 3a TaKHM CYAHOM KaHad 3HAYHTCADHO FHC, YeM 34 CYAHOM C HaKsOH- nem Ooprom. Kpome Toro, sa cyane ¢ BepreKasbHBM CoproM sJyuUle SaDlMMeH ABVIKUTCALHSI KOMIEKC, COOTBETCTBEHHO BIe Mpomyab- cuBunit KITZ puura, caa6ee wy 4 su6panus. Caeayer OTMeTETh NOAOKUTeMbHOe BINAHHE BEpTHKaiLuOoTe 6opTa Ha MOpexoaNble KayccTBa CyAOB TeAOBoro MvaBannA. Kak noKaszamu MOAeMbNbIe HCMbITaHHH B TKAPOAWHAMHUeCKOM Gacceline JIennurpas- cKOrO Kopa6ecrpouTc.abHOro HUCTHTYTa, MEPCxXG K BapualiTy C Bep- THKAADHEIM SOPTOM 3aMeTHO CHHKAeT GOPTORYIO KaYKY CyqHA 3a cucT yBeanvenna Koabpaunenra yemnbuposannsa. [pa 6ompumx yraax HakpeileHHa’ NO BAoga uaty6n B BORY ON Ha 40—45% Gombe, Sto MOKHO OODACHHTh HATNTHEM Y MOJed ¢ BCPTHKAABbIM SopTom 6o- sec ocTppix cky. B pesybtare pasHulla B aMMAHTYXax 6opToROl KauKI CpaBuuBaeMbIX MOACIcH wa BOARCHHN 7—8 GasoB npa ozima- KOBOM BOSBLIMeHHN WeHTpa TawecTH cyfHa Jocturasta 30%. Henn TaHHA XOAKOCTH MogedeH Ha THxOi BOUe NOKasaaH, “TO H3MeHENNe OPM] KOPMYCa NPAKTHYECKH HE BbISHIRACT YBETNVEHUA CONPOTABAe- HUG ROLL ABAMCHHIO CYAHA B ANANAaZ0He SKCNIYATANHORHLIX CKOpo- eTeH xoma. a OcHoswble XapaKTepHCTHKH BapAanToR TaHKepa rHMa HO-17A « « SY, KBr 8540 14560 7 14560 Momuocrs axcuayaraudonnaa, xBr 7700 13100 | 13 100 Tun ycraxosKu iow a moll | MOI, T 1 pawan pauias c ‘wn Tepegae Tlosuan Ducpronoopyxennocts, xBr/t 0,35 0,58, Cxopocrn 1a uneroi pone, ys 87 iit Flenonpoxoanmocts, M F Aaasnocts naananns, MAH 40.000 8000. Slegontie yeusenua YA YAA| YAA * Cxopoers npn 55 %-Hoii skenayarandouHolt NoMHOCTH Ha OCHOBC TeXHHKO-3KOHOMHNCCKOFO aHaJlHisa TiaBHble pasmMepe- HHA Tankepa BbOpanbl GANSKHMM K pasMepeHaM cyaos Tuna CA-15. Tlapawerppr pacemoTpeslibix BapiaTos Tankepa Tuna HO-17A B cpaBuenuy c Tankepom «CaMoTop> mpunegenh B Ta6mune. Tipu pexomengopannex pasMepeHwax m Kosdbunnente o6uiel non HOTH JCABeHT TaHkCpa IpH apkKTHYeCcKOH oCaaKe COCTABHT oKOA0 18 Tac. 7. Kak noKasbipaiotT PacueTH, Ka JTHIAAX AOHCNOb30BAHHY Tavkepa Mpa HaswuN WS6NTKA HamBouKorO SopTa uctccoodpasHo yBequunTh ero ocagky w aefpelitr. Omnaxo yBemHueHve Jenseiita cane 19990 + norpeGyer AOTOsHHTCAIbHOTO OSopydosannaA TanKepa cHcTeMaMu MOfiKU CEIDOi HeTH HM KHepTHOTO Ya3a B COOTBETCTBILN c Tpe6opannaMu KoupeHuin 0 MpegoTspailienki 3arpasHenmaA MOpA © ¢ cymon 1973/1978 r. Kpome toro, ocaaka TaHKepa Wa JHHHAX AO- HCHOMb3ORANUA HMCCT OrpanHuenue, 6TH3KOe K B3HAUCHHIO, COOTRETCT- BylOWeMy 9tomy Aegseltty, OntTumanbibiM apxnTeKTypio-KoncTpyi- THBHIM THNOM HBoIMeTCA TaKKep Cc ABOHAHLIN SNOM MM ABOHiEIMH 6OpTaMH, MOSBOAIOIUNME YMEHDUINT) BepoarHne aBapinnne Wo 3Ke- MAYaTAWORHBe pasiKBB, JATPATH HA MOHKy, 3ayHCTKY M noerpeEB, 3HAYNTEbHO COKpaTHTb BpeMA cTOAHKM Hw pPa6OTM TDYSOBbIX Haco- cop [3]. Kokctpyxuas 4 mMakcHManpHble pasMepbl TpySOBnIX TANKoB BROHPAUCL U3 YCOBHA OGecMeveHHA HEMOTONNAeMOCTH HIpH 3anoa- HWeHHK ABYX SHOOX CM@KMDIX OTCEKOB B COOTBETCTBAN ¢ Tpe6oBa- nusimu Peruetpa CCCP ans cyaon Kateropun YAA. 6 CpannnretsHad Olena SKOUOMMYeCKOM spdeKTHBHOCTH NoKagaaa, "TO LOMHMO OGecTeveHNs HagexKHoctH 4 Ge3onacHocTa paéotH B Mpogqsennne Nepvoqe apKTHyecKoOl NaBHTaynH cosqaHve TaHKepos xaacea YAA tana HO-17A 5 raOaputax, 6unoKNx K cyqaM THNa CA-15, © yyeToM cooTBeTCTBeHHO McHbWeH MoTpeGUOCTH B .CXOKOMb- HOM oGecreveHHH, 9KOHOMHMNeCKH YerecoobpasHo. Bapuant TanKepa tuna HO-I7A ¢ sepTHKaabitim GoproM, HecMoTps Aa ieKoTOpoe YXYAWCHHe TeCQOREIX KaeCTR BCTeACTBNe yBeaANTeNNA Koop puluenta odmei NoaNOlb u cooTBeTCTBeHHO rpy3onocLeMHOCTH, HMeCT AyUUHe akOHOMUNCCKHe =OKa3aTean. TIpHBeAcHHbIe 3aTpaTHl Ha TMepeso3sKy HeTenposyKTOB 3THM TaHKepom Ha 7—8 % HwxKe NO cpaBHeHmwo C TAHKepOM, HMCIOINHM HakNOHUHM GopT (Koadppunxent ome non- Hoth xoroporo 0,71}. Tipu coxpanenun neusmennoli rpysononvemno- CTH TaHkepa C yBCaMYdeNHbIM KOspPuuNeHTOM LOWE NOAHOTHI 3a CET COKPaleHHA AMTHB eTO Kophyca CoorBeTcTByIOUlee CHWKEHHE CTpoH- TeIbHO CTOHMOCTH KOMNeHCupyeT OTPHUaTeNbHOe BANAHHe Ha 9KOUO- MHYCCKHE NOKASATE.IM XyAMeM A€MOBOA XxOTKECTH. CMHCOK AUHTEPATYPBI LMot 0.0, @aaacen 0. B. Bannace rpe6onanui K mpoutocre wa peconwe XapanTepncruKa MeTaaanuccKoro Kopnyca ‘Tpancnopriux cynon scoBor nrasasna.— Tp. LHMUM®, 1978, pum. 939, ¢. 51—57 2Kamreaau BU, bannees 0. B, lok JL [. Bu6op ocnopaux Napamerpos AekOKOAEHO-rpaxeaopTHEx cyaop.— Cyaccrpoenste, 1979, Me 12, c. 4—6. 3. Mopefizue ® A, Paagop C. @. Apxurexrypno-noucrpyxrmuit ram TaHKepos nomomuenHs 1986—1995 rr.— Tp. LHHAM®, 1984, oun. 208, ¢. 1929. VK 629,123.13 : 662.004.18 t. A. Aasydoan, xand. rex, nayk ONPEAENENHE TONJMBOCBEPEKEHHSA MW CPE HEPEACOBOM CKOPOCTH TPAHCIOPTHOTO CYLHA HPH BCNOMOTATEJIBHOM BETPOABHKEHHH B MHpoBOM CyMoxogcTRe MpomommaeTcA pasBUTHe MOpCKHX Tpaitc- NOPTHHX cCyHOB CO BCROMOraTeNbULIM BOTpOsHEpreTHyecKHM BOOpy- weauem (BOB). B 1985 r. ux nero Bospocto Jo 20, a obunit nex- seit gocter LOO The. Tr. Hlocrpocuh aga Mepahix cpeaneToHHaxKHbIx cyana (aeqpefitom 26 u 3l THe. T) ¢ KPHIbCBMM TlapycaMH, Begerca mogrevopKa K cTponveancTBy (B Anow4n) anasorwaHix cy4oB aes nefirom 66 0 80 tare. 7. PacueTsr TonampocOepexenna & CKOpocTH TPUMeNNTeEIDAO K KOHKPETIBIM AMHMAM SKCMAyaTalun sBsmOTCA TAQBIHMEL (Pll TEXHHKO-9KOHOMI4eCKOM OGOCHOBAHHH cyaoB c BOB. OT peayneTaToR STHX pacucTOR 3aBMCAT OCHOBHLIE O6mLeHpoeKTHLIE peicuusn: Bel6op BOB x ero pa6ouel naomlaan, yHera HecyunX MaUT 4 ciioco6a HX Pa3MEDJeHHs Ha CYAHC, THIMa, OCHOBHDIX WapaMerpos H XapakTepHCTHK AasHbIX H BCTOMOraTeMbHbIx (3Heproobecnevenne BSB) asuratesteii, rpeOupx suHTOB HOT. 7. K Hum Tak>Ke oTHOCATCH 7 BoUupocR saanmoychctaus BOB c [UL w xpyrne acnexrit xoaxoctTH cyaua. Alanec W3aaraiotca cnoco6b! OlleHKR TONauBOcGepeKeHHA WH CKOpO- eta cyaua ¢ BSB, octoiiuunocth KoToporo cuntaetea obecmereHHO! B otangue of KaaceHyecKoro Hapychoro TpanchopTuoro cyana, aKCILAyaTalMA KOTOPOFO CBOAMMaCh TOADKO K BCEMCPHOMY cOKpauic- HHO BPCMEHH Tepexoxa 3 OAHOTO MOpra B ApYToli, cya co BCHOMO- Tatembusim BSB, ncrostb3yX COBMCCTHO HAH MOposib aspo~ nu Painpo- AvbaMuyeckyio TATY, MOryT AocTWuD AByx Heneli. B OAHOM cnyuae np saqaunol cpeanepeliconok cKopoctu se7poxoga (o6bruno mpHniMae- MOH pasHol cpeauepelconol ckopocrn conycTaBaneMoro TeNJOxORa) oGecnewnpactcs = MAKCUMaTBHO §=©BOSMOAHOe Tor MBocbepemenie, B ApyTOM — MakCHMaabHO RO3MO%KTAG cpemHepeliconaa CKOPOCTh, T. e- NpoBROsCCHocoGuocTh BeTPOXOZAa APH MHUNMAJIbUOM TonsHROchepee- Hid, OGYCHOBACHHOM JHUIb COKPaLeHHem XQMOBOrU BPeMeHH B peticc. B neppoM cyiyyae CyMMapHas ag9po- uM rNaposMHaMMyeckand 1Aara 6.aH3Ka utH papa Tare rpe6NEIX BAHTOR CONoCTaBANeMOrO CyaHa 7. @. TONAMBOCécpexkenve OGecieuuBAaeTCH CUMIKeHeM ucHOAb3yeMor mounocru TJ|—cro pasrpy3kH CooTscTcTBeHnoO HapactaNiio aspoAH- Hamuyeckol Tard BOB, Bo Bropom cay4¥ae HOCTOAHHO HCIOAb3yeTCA OObaHad SKCIAyaTalMouHad MoUIwocTs Tl, nosTomy cyMMapHaa Tara Tpe6HNX BHHTOB WH BSB pcerga mpepsinaet tary rpeGuaix auton co- HocTaBneMoro TenNoxoxa. BosmMoxel Wf pa MpOMeXYTOUMEX BapH- @HTOB SKCTYaTagHH CyANa Co BcnoMOTraTeThibIM BOB. MakcumMaibHO BO3MOKHOe TOUAKBoCGepeeie pH sadanHoh cpemnepeticopol cKopocTH cCyZHa mocTuractes, moO Kpalikell Mepe, TpeMA pasHbiMl MyTAMM OTHOCKTeTHRO pexuMa paboru TT un o6ec- neyeuuA cpeanepelicopoll cKopoctu cyana. Umer B Buy BeposTHocT- HOC paciipesesenne CHET KH HalpaBaeHna Berpa B KamKgol ToUKe Tpaccht CWIeLOBAHHS CyAHa, MOMKHO yKa3aTh cACAyOMRe perkUME: rapavTHpoBanHoH (He saBicaAMeH OT pactpeseacnuA moBropsemocTH BeTpa) cpenuepeficopoi cxopocrn B ni06am KoHKpeTHom pelice uptt nepemMennoi mowquoctn Tl; nocrosanol (nosxexnsolt) Momnocru HW MOcTOAHIOH (MOHIKeMHOH} uaCTOTH! BpawlenEa Baia T 7]. Mocrompipic MOUIHOCTH K YacToTa Bpalleaus Bata TJ] wwe no cpaBrennio ¢ 3Kc- TRyaTauMonaEIMy, a cpelepeliconad cKOpocTh BReTPOXOMa RATACTCH BCAMMHHOH heposrHocTuoli, 1pusem cpeazneli mnoroneTHeli (cornacno Be- poOudTHOCTHOMYy XApaKTepy 3agaBaeMblX BeTPOBUX AanHbIx [1]}. Xapar- Tep TONAMBOCHeperKeHHA BO BceX YKAaSAaHHbIX CMyyaAx TAKOH Ae, KaK™ H M@KCHM@AbHO ZOCTHKHMOM cpeaNepeiicoBoli cKOPECTH BeTPOXONA. Pexum rapanTupoRanHoli cpeavepeiiconol cKopocty 4 Nepemenuol MOUMHOCTH BeTpOxoAa, YkasalHax ckKopocTh rapanTHpopala me MeHHWwell, YM Y COMOCTABACMOLO C¥4Ha (HECMOTPHA Ha 1O, U1O pacyet MPONSBOANTCA 110 CPeAHAM =MHOTOACTHIIM po3aK BeTpoR |1]}, 19- CKOASKY CKOPOCTH BETPOXOLA HW CONOCTABAACMOTO CYMHA mph 60. TINH- CTBC BETPOBOMHORLIX PexKHMOB 8aMalwoTch PaBHLIMIT, uTO O6ecieuBa- eres Tarof tompKo PE wth copmectuoit tarot Ti, uw BIB. 8 uocues- HeM CIyuae Tra & oTpeéHan MowaceTh PO camkarorea, 7. & coKpalgaetca pacxot tonauna (puc. |, a). Tpaduku pa pune, 1. a—e 8 20 66. 100 He Yan 2908 Pac. 1, Saunentocnt ckopocti eyaa og. Kenoqbayemoit MoumocTH Ne macrorie wpaucisa Baas [J] 2 mpa weruaol cxopocrm v4—20 w/e a Hermuom KypcoBoM yrme Betpa Yet a@—B poxave nepementoh vongicett TL; 6—b pexawe nocrommol (arenryara- uxourof) MomnoeTa 2320 KBr, ¢——m pexame Mocroskwok sxenayaraunounoh a- ToT Bpaliicans sama TJ] (a= 165 06/mnn) {--7Uxaa BO2a UpK GesneTpuH; 2—oGaacrL MOTEpA CKOPOCTH CyANa, AbycIOBAeEAOR aOnOIuH- ‘TeMbAbIM CONPCTHBNeHNEM a BOAHENEH; 3—ApANNTaR MUBUMANLUO LonycTAMaR MomNocTe TL. 4—oGjacTs verposoro pasroua cyAKa TOCTpPOeHb! AIA MAIOTOKRAKHOTO Tankepa C KPbIAbeBbINH Ha pyc THA HAOCWAAbIO 880 m2). Oaxako CHWKeHHe §=MontoctTH, paapuBaemoi TJ] rpancnoprnsix cYZOB, BOSMOMAHO JHWb RO ONpeseACHHOrO MHNAMaADHGTO Mperena Nemn, o6yCnosuchuoro craéwaLHoi padotol ABHraTead Ha TKEAOM Tomnupe, Tako npeses O6b4HO HPHEMMACTCH PabHiIM 25—50% no- MHHanpHOH MowHocTH Til, Mocae soctmxenia No mix 37S MOLEHOCTS YAepauBaeTcR MOCTOAHHO H UP WadbHeliwenx Bospactamn a>po- AHkamuveckol TarH, pasronAwikeit Berpoxer (pcamnM BeTpoBorO pas- TOHa) CBCPX CKOPOCTH COMOCTABAAeMOTO Cy AHa, KoTOPyIG OHO Moro Pa3BHTh Na AAHHOM BeTPOBOMHOBOM pexuMe (cM. pac. 1, a). Takum o6pasom, cpexnepelicopas CKOpOcTh BeTpoxoma BOSpacracT 10 cpaRHe- FIO C TeMOXONOM, a pacxod TOUNHBA, BOCAAST c MeHbwNM oGuM Bpemesem paGote [1 ug pelice, qonoanuTcbHo CoKpallactea. Tip BeTpOBOM pasroke Cy/Ha MOKCT HACTYMATS cooTRETCTRYIOUUIE pasrou rpeéworo Buuta uw Rasa FJ. Uactora mx spautenan, KaK Ww KpyTaluit MOMeHT Ha rpCOHOM BINTe, HOAKHAa Mposepsteca 4 yLep- OKHBATBCH B AOMYCTUMLIX UPCACMAX. Heyao6erno satoro aKennyaTanMoRHOTO =pexuMa 3saKaToNaeTcn B neoGxogHMOcTH NsMeHenHaA Mounoct TJ, (sactoth spamenns, ulara rpeOHoro BURTa HAH Tero MH AZpyrorO) PH KaKAOM NSMCHCHAR aspowunaMAyecko tara BOB, 7. e. BeTpoRore perkuma — KOMOGHHaUHH UCTHUTOTO KYPCOBOrO yria Yi WH HCTHAKOM CKOpocTH dy; ReTPa. 3necr iH j —- He3aBUcHMbie Tepemennere. Kpome Toro, ipu papewcrse ckKopoctH COnocTaRnACMBIX CyAOR o7- Horo Aegpelira oOblyno MpexNonaraerca W OAHHAKOBAA MOWLHOCTH UX Ji, xora Homuuamuaa MomHocTs FJ, werpoxoga # ero cTportectnas CTOHMOCTE MOFYT SHITh CHHKKCHBL, ITO MOSBOMHT y-lyyINTh SKOHOWHE- ckKe mokasatemm cynna c BOB. B caasu c sruM HeoOxoaHMO IpHMe- HCHHe yKa3aHHHX pacweTHBIX PeXuMOB ocTORHHbIX (MOHMKeHHEIX) MOUIHOCTH WAH YACTOTH Bpawlenns sana TJ serpoxona Pexum noctosinohi (nonwxeHHoA) mouwoctH Pk. 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Tlockombky MonakeHnad TATA rpeSHoro BATA, Bo OTAMNiIE OT MIpeablayuiero pexkKuMa, AOMOMKAeTCA BeposTuOCTHO Taro BOB. n0- CTHrHyTad Cpemnepelicopad CKOpOCTh Take HOCUT BEPOATHOCTHHIM xa- Pakrep. 3aBNCHMOCTH CKOPOCTH cyMHAa H YacTOTL Bpalkenua Baaa TL OT XapaKTepPHCTHK ReTpa KayecTBEHHO Takag We, Kak UB PeKUME TIO- crosKHol (skenayaTauKounoi) MouyocTH (pue. 1, 6). 10 sr Tloctosuyaa (foHMmMKeRHas) MOUHOCTh, obecneuMRaiiyan 3anaH- Hyle cpeanepeficopy%0 Kpyropylo cKopocT, BeTpoxowa, MpHHWMaeT BCACACTBHE H3MEHYMBOCTK BeTpOBHX permumoB (Yu, Unj) Pasubie 3ha- ueHHA HC TOADKO B PpasaH4HBle CesOHH (MECH) roa B NpAMOM o6paTHoM HampaaJeHHH, KO HW Ha KaxAOM yuacTKe Tpacchh cyMHa B OGOUX HanpaprenuAx. . B peanbubix cyAOBbIX ycnoBHaXx DoAAepwRanHe MocToAnHol MOUL- noctH TA oOo saTPyAHATeAbHO H3-3a OTCYTCTBHA alNapaTypbi KouTpoma. Uacroty Bpawenua pata IJ, nan mara BPUI wa To Tpyroe HeO6XOAUMO M3MeEHST B 3ABHCHMOCTH OT BETPOBOTO pexUMa. Tlostomy 5 OTHOWeHHA MHHHMUSaMA HaMenenul pa6otn TAL yao6- Hee HCHOAbgOBaTh pe2KHM NOCTOAHHOM (HOHWKeHHOH) YacTOTHT Bpa- wena Bada Ti, Pexum noctosHHon (NowMxKeHHOH) YactoTh BpaumleHHa Basa Ph. Pexum (pre, 1, ¢) aHastornuen npegtizyinemy. Ou mpome ua yao6uee 8 CYMOBDIX ycTOBHAX, OCObeHHO Mpa HadHyHH BCepemUMROTO perywaa- TOpa YACTOTH BpaLleHHA: saganHyio WaCTOTY MOMKHO MOALepKHBATD Tip su060M BeTpoBOM pexuMe (B Mpemenax omHOrO yuacTKa Tpacchl TiaBaHua), He3aBHCHMO OT a9pomHHaMnaecKkoli Tard. Oty wacToTy caeayeT onpesenaTh TAKUM o6pagoM, dTO6i B WesOM Ha KpyroRol HHH OGeclewAach saannaa cpeAnepelicopan cKOpocTs BeTpoxoAa. Kak H NOCTORHNaA MOMIHOCTE B pes AyUlem peXHMe, OHA PHHKM@eT pasnble 3HaveHHa Ha PasAMUNBIX YUaCTKAx TPaccbl B GpAMOM H G6- PpaTHOM Hanpapsenwm B 3apucHMocTH OT ce3oHa (Mecsa) rola. Pe- 2KHM MOAHOCTHIO OCHOBAL Ha BETPOBOM pasrone cyAHa. Tipit noctoanHo# yactore Bpaillenua rpeGuoro BHHTa HK MepeMeH- HOW aapONNaMHyecKOH TATe MOUINOCTH, MoOTpebvideMad BUHTOM, 6Y- Ter Mensateca (pe. |, 4). Oanako,.kak NOKASHBAT PacueTbl, 1aKe pw cHaviom pepe mouMocth PJ cummaerca ne Gonee vem na 40% HOMAHAIDHO, T. €. BLOTHE COGTBETCTBYeT ycaoBHAM CTAGuAbHOH pa- oora TZ. Pexum nocrosdHod (akcnmyaTauAOnHOA) momHocte TA. Io pac- WeTaM HE OTMU4AETCA OT PexKUMa TOCTOHHHOM (MOH KeHHOM) MOrTIHO- cTH (puc. 1, 6), Ho mpu Hem onpesensetea He momnocT, TJ], coor- BeTCTBYIOWAR 3a4aHHOH CpeAHepelicopol cKopoctH BETpoxog~a, a ero MAKCAM@IbHO JOCTHXKUMAA CKOPCCTh, OGYCHOBeHHAad 3a,anHOA (9KC- anyaTaiwoRHol) MOULHOCTbIO ABNTaTedtei. Tipu cHabHOM BeTpe CyM- Mapilas Tava rpe6voro BHnTa 1 BSB MoxeT B HeCKONbKO paz mIpe- BOCXOAHTb TAY OAHOTO PpeGHoro BHHTA, nOxTOMY B AaHHOM peRUme OCOGEHHO HEOOXOANMO OFPaHW4HTh YacTOTy BpallenuaA rpeGHOrO Bana IpH BeTpoROM pasroHe cyyHa (cm. puc. 1, 6). BosMoxKubI orpaHHye- HUA UCHONLs0BABUA NOAKOH paboveh naomagu BOB, omnaKo u3-3a Malo oGccneueHHOCTH TaKHX BCTPOBHIX peKHMOB OHM CyLecTBeHHO He BGAIOT Ha CpcAnepelicopyio cKopocth cyAHa. PaccMOTpiM OCOGeTHOCTA PacueTa, XapaxTepHLe WIA Mepcyucwen- HEX cnoco6os skKciAyaTaiiMu BeTpoxoda, u ux oOWMMe NPHATAAE. Tipu onpegeneruu cpeauepeficosoro TonmuRochepexenns Heobxo- RUMO CONOCTABHTh PACKO ToNAMBA BeTpOXOAA H CpaBHHBaeMOTO C HEM cyAna (HanpaMmep, Toro ke weTpoxoaa Ao yetanoBKH wa xcro BOB) ut Ha ono u tof we Tpacce mazanaa. [lockospKy tara BOB sapncur Or 3a4atKOH cpeHecesonHOl MHOTONeTHCH NOBTOPAeMOCTH CHILI HAMpaBeHHA BeTpa, CpaBHeHH CueAyeT MpOUSBOARTh B KPyTOBOM pelice, B O2HOM U TOM Ke cesoHe Toga. Cpenune RAHN 3a TOA Mo- JYUaOTCA TPH OCpeAKEHHK DesyAGTATOB pacyeTOB no BCeM ueTHIPeEM cesonam. IIpa onpegeeHul 9KOHOMHKO-SKCHAyaTaLMOHRbIX NOKa3a~ Tedeh OHH TpegcTaBIAWT HaROO/bINKA HHTepec. Pacxod ToiHBa Ha 3a,aHHOH WMH Maasanas caMoro serpoxoma H cpabAuBaemoro ¢ HMM CyAHa ONpesensetca cyMMAPOBaHCM Tacr- MBbIX pacxOfoB TO BCEM YYACTKAM TPACCHI CACAUBAHMH, KarAbIit H3 KO- TOpbIX XapakTepH3yeTch NPOTAXKeHHOCTHIO, KypCOM cyfHa H posoti BeTpoB. Yacrublii pacxog TonuBa Ha yyacTKe m Qm = 4m (Neg) Ney, (Sind0m) oupeleserca, TakKHM O6pasom, cpeAKel AciomL3yeMol MODLMOCTLIO TH N-,,, BpemMevem MpoxomseHMa yuacrka mporsmxennoctoIo Sm co CpeAue CKOPOCTHIO Um H YACABRBIM PacaGHOM TOMHBA qin(Ne,, }- Cpeaune cxopocrh u MoumtocTe Toro H Apyroro cyAHa Ha KaxKAOM yuacTKe Tpacchl 34BHCAT OT NPHAATHX cHOCo6OB COBMeCTHOTO RenOsb- 3QBaHHA a9po- HW FU_poAMHaMuuecKoh Taru (7. €. pekuMa padorEl TH); xapaxrepuok ais gaunoro yuactka po3bl BeTpos; Kypca cyaNa (cpeqHsaf Mou{HOcTh 3aBHCHT HM OT MpoTskKeHHocTH yyacTKa); yrma apeiba serpoxoga; aspomnnamuueckol tara BOB, onpedeanemol ue- pewwcnevHbIMH §=akTOpamMu; cyMMapHorO THApO- H aspo,MHaMHae- CKOTO COMPOTHBJEHHA BETPOXOLA, CHleMyiollero Ha BETPOBO.THOBHIX pe- XKHMAX, KOTOpEle ONpesenslorcs posoli BeTpop (B TOM aHeAe OF Co- npotupiedus BOB, waxogameroca 8 wepa6ouem nonOMeHMH ApH OCTpBIX KYpcax K BeTPy Hu ManOBeTpHH). CrefoparenbHo, CKOPOCTh, MOTpCOHaw MOULBOCTh H pacxog Ton- wupa TJ] serpoxofa 4 conocraprsemoro cyaHa AoaKHEL OoITb CIpe- AeueWb Wa KamAOM yuacTKe KpyroBol Tpaccbl ¢ yyeToM HSMeHeHHit posbl BeTpoB OT yuacTKa K yYacTKy H OT cesoHa K CesoHy. B cash € STUM pacuer TORMMBOCHEepPeKEHEA MPONSBOANTCA B ABa gTana [2]. Cuayana np 3aaaHHOM paxe PexKHMOB cTanHOHapHorO BeTpa (Yu, Uqj) OMpeAeaseTes NOTpeGuan MOUHOcTS, a B OOUleM cAyyae H CKOpOCTE O60HX COmocraBAAeMX CyAOB. OTM AaHHDIe sB.AMOTCH MCXOANEIMH Aul# BTOporo sTalla, B KOTOPOM c Y3eTOM 3aqaHHOTO pacnipesetenna nostopaemoctu BeTpa P;,(Ya,, Ya,) HO Tpacce caAcKOBAHHA cyaHa ONpexeMsOTcA CpemHNe SHaTeHMA ero CKOpOCIN Ug H pacxoka TORIHBAa Q ia WHHHH B WeHOM. Ha nepsom state pacucta TonaHBOcbepeKeHHa cCXeMH Ompercae- HVA CKOPOCTH H MOULNOCTH pa3aJTUHE Rad pagnbix pekUMOB sKCTya- Tallum BCTPOxXeAa, HO pesyabraTbt TAKHx pacweToB caesyer mpesrctas- WiTh eMHOO6pasHO B BHAe MaTpall cygua (Taba. 1). Marpuupt OAHHAKORL TO OPMe AAA CKOPOCTH H MOMLHOCTH BeTPOXOMa H coNo- cTaBaseMoro ¢ HMM cymHa. FlosToMy aaa BTopore stTana pacuera, npy KOTOPOM MATPHUE cvy#KaT MCKOAHHMM auHBIMH, B 4060M cilyuae Hcnoab3yeTca OHA H Ta we CxEMA, 12 TaGaus HOAOGHOTO BHAA 3aNOMHAOTCA MG MOUMOCTH H CkOpoO- CTH ABYX CyHOB: BeTpoxowa H ConocTaBiyemoro cynHa. OAnako mpA ONCHOUHOM YnpollcHHOM pacueTe, HaNpuMcp, Ges yueTa MajeHHA CKO- pocti o60HX CyAOB Ha BONHCHHH, a AA BeTpOXoga NU pH BCTpeyHOM BeTpe (3a CYeT AOMOARHTeIDHOTO aSPOARHAMUuCCKOTO CONpOTHBTeH HA BOB, Haxoxamerocs B Hepabouem NO0KeHHH), MOCTATOWHO 3alor- HSTb €€ TOALKO AIM BeTPOXOMa, TAK Kak KH MOWLHOCTb, H CKOPOCTb, a CJICMORATCADHO, H PacxOA TONMMBA COnOCTABAAeMOTO cyiHa xapaK- TepHayiOTCA 3HaveHHAMY, He 3aBHCALIMMH OT MOBTOpAeMOCTH BeTpa # OGycMOBAeNHONO HM BOAHEHHS. Tabsuya t Marpnua ncnomoyemof Momnocrn Ne, (cxopocta 0.5, cymwa Tipu craumonapHom BeTpe 3aaHHo CHAD uM HanpaBleHKa Vcrunan cxopoert Berpa Ha anrcore 10.4 nay, sarepmanvelt 0, (10), w/t Veraumeti Kypcorom yron BeTpa Pais PPAR l 2 ee 10 350 20 340 200 170. 190 180 Tipemevanue. B crtsv ¢ HenOAHHMH AZHHEIMH Oo NOBTopsemocTH BeTpa []}, [2] a raéa. | xocraTouKO 3aMl0AUHTh TOKO CTOAGUI, coOTRETCTBYIONLHe CKOPOCTH perpa 3, 8 9, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19 # 20 mic. Mlockoabky peasbuan KapTiha RBM2KCHHA COMA, NPH pacacTax BREJeHH CAeLyIOIUHe OCHOBHHE yNpomawune NpeAnonoxenna. Berpo- xO H CONOCTaBANeMOe CyAHO CaemyteT To aoGomy yuactKy Tpacchl HsaBavis B ycTakOBHBILeMCH PeKHMe CKOPOCTH WH MOULAOCTH ({nepe- MenMble pexumnl H TeyenHA ue yauTHBaloTcs). Ha6eratoulmi Berpo- BOH NOTOK cTauHOHapeH HM PaBHOMepeH 110 AHHE CyAHa, BHAHHE KauKH, PEICKAHUA H yraa CTaTHyeCKOrO Kpena Ha aspoAMHaMIdeckylO tary BSB npene6pexumo mano. Yroa ataka BOB usu afasoruynue eMy baxropia oOGccneHBaloT MAKCHMAJIbHO BOSMOXKHYIO ASPOAMHAMH- yeckyio tary. Bowwenne O6ycnOBAeHO 3a,aHHbIM BCTPOM, MOTHOCTHIO pasBuToO, ero HanpaBsicHHe copnadaeT C HCTHHHDIM HalpaBvIeHHeM netpa. Yron Apeliha W ero BIKAKHE Ha THAPOABHAMAYeCKoe COMPOTKB- viene cygua u rary BOB, onpenenendne quad THXOM BORM, COXpaHa- JOTCH WH Wa Roanennn, CraTHqeckuit KpeH mpaxruyecku He BAHAeET Ha CONPOTHBACHHe ABWKEHHIO cyAria OuesnaHo, TO MOULHOCTh HM CKOpOCcTh BeTpOXoya, YKasakHbIe B ta6x. 1, 3aRMcaT oT IpuHATOTO chocoba cro aKcnayatann. Aasnee NpHBOARTC CXEMBI HCpROrO 9sTama pacueToR (pH cTaywHonapHom Retpe) jin ganloanenHa Ta6n. 1 RB CoOTBeTCTBHN C MepevHCeHHbIMA PEXEMAMH SKCHayaTalAH BeETPOXOMa. 4 Pexum rapanTHponannea cpezuepeitcoseit cKopocta mH nepemeH- HOw MONILHOCTH. SafaioTcH BeTpoBHe pexUMBl (Yui, xj), HallpuMep, Yai = 45; 67,5; 90; ...; 180°, a npu Kaxgom u3 9THx 3HaveHHl Uy = = 5; 10; 15; 20 m/e. B yxasaunuix BerpoBbx pexuMax 3aqaeTca ofpeserenHan NpemBa- PuTeAbHO CKOpoct ConocraBaRemoro cyAHa Ug,,. Tlo 9THM AaHHbM © yueTom yrla Berponoro apeia [3], pospactanma uctunHol cKopo- ct Betpa no secore BOB [4] coraacho uapecruyM @opmMysam onpe- Aeiierca aspoqunamiyeckaa tara BIB P., . O6ycaoBjeHHoe BeT- ij Pom (Yui, Uns) BOMHEHHe [5] 4 yrom Apeiia [6] nosbOamoT onpese- ANT) CYMMAPHOe ASpO- H FHAPOANHAMMUeCKOe CONpoTHBAeHHE cyana Rs,,- Caexopatennno, tira rpe6uoro bHHTa BeTpOXOAa P. =Rs,—Pe - i on oF Tlo avarpamMe! xogopux a TaroBWx KapakTepucTHK cyaHa {7} Oupexeaserca notpe6uan MomnocTs Me,, 4 CooTBeTCTByOM\aA YactoTa Bpalienna rpe6uoro BuHTa (pana 1): N, =F(es, . Pei) ii aS Sy UT MK MO3BOAKReT MoOcse HeoGxoAUMMX rpadmuccKHx rocrpoeHHit (cM. Puc. [} sanonHHTs MaTpHobl MOWWHOCTH H cKOpocTH BeTpOxosa (cM. taGa, 1). Pesyabratii aTOro pacuera UpHMeHsuOTeH, CCAM Ne, 2 Ne i min ZLag BCeX 3HayeHttit Ne; < Nem, TpHHuMaerca N, = Ne. = const. a) y min Hexoaa H3 stro Ault COOTBETCTBYIOUIMX BCTPOBHX PeKKMOB pac- CYHTHRAIOTCH CKOPOCTH CyAHa IIPH BETPOBOM pa3rone ¢ gaaHHolt no- CTOSHHO/ MOUiHOCTHIO. YKaspipaeTcd HeCKOAKKO 3Ha4eHHH CKOpOCTH cynHa vs, (f=1, 2, 3, .... K), HanGonputce 13 KOTOpHX AOMKHO mpe- BbIWaTb HOMAHabHOe Ha 3—4 y3 B pacucTc H&@ BeTpoBOoH pa3roH. SaTem onpeseasetca Tata rpe6voro Banta P,, IPM KaxKAOM 3Haye- aun / nocne npeasaputemsuoro Bb4vcaenua Kos puyneuta HarpysKw SHtTa NO MOMROCTH: Up, kam don al ee (2) envi rae D—awamerp rpeGuoro BUHTa; Up,— CKOPOCTS B ACKE BHKTa, cO- OTBCTCTRYIONMAA CKOPCCTH CYANA Us,; P— MACCOBAA MAOTHOCTh BOsIbI. | Baecro Noctpoena NaHaoH avarpaMMbl MowkeT GsIT HcMORb3OBaH NpHOaAK- ACHABI CMOCOS pacuera MOMMocTH BeTpOXoda [3] 4 Tlo mamuunoi avarpamme pacuera rpeOupix BHHTOR B cbyHKuEN wWaroboro OTHOMICHHA H Ka, ONpeACMALOTCA OTHOCHTEbHad MOCTYMb suuta hp, ero KTV 4p,, Koapdpunuest momenta Ky. Sto noaso- AACT OPpeyesuTh Kosppuunent ynopa Ky uw yacToTy Bpawenna BHHTa mM, a Nocwe nepecueta WexoAHOrO KOapHUHEHTAa 3acacHiBalMna 4a HyxHyI0 hp, MO vanecTHol dopmyse 3. 9. TlanMens u ucxomyso Tary rpeGHOro BHHTa np BCeX 3aaHHbx Pe,. Satem na seTposbix peaxuMax (yni, Un), Korga AelicTBurcmio yewopve (1) H MpHHAT paw Us,, OTHECEHHBI, K KaxKAOMy H3 HHX, onpexeanetcs aapoguuammueckan tara PP; . Ec cymmuposanne ijt ¢ noayseunoh Tarof rpe6Horo punta Pe Nosponser, HCxo’A 13 P. Ma: Po (os us \ any (Yee Hp OS, + Pe, (98, \= Rs (95; no HMeroutelicn KPHBOM OGilero aspo- u THAPOAMHAMMYEeCKOrO COnpO~ quieras Rg(vs,) ONpeqeMHTb UCKOMYIO CKOPocTL BeTPOROTO pasrona cyawa vs... UDH SaaHHNX BeTposoM pexKuMe H MocToAHHOH momHo- cTH Mena B rpouecce pacueToR Oblna NonyueHa 3aBUCKMOCTh Ro] (2)), HO KOTOPOH B PYHKUBH Us,,,, JETKO ONpeqenmerca YaCTOTA BPAlleHUs rpeGHOro BHATa pH BeTpoBoM pasroue cyfna. Oa He gommua Ipe~ BHUATE NPELCHbNO BOVYCTHMOYO 3NACHHA, ycTaHaB.IHBacMOTO Iae- noptom Tl. Ecau sto ycnosve ue BHTOAHHeTCH, AspOANnAaMANecKad tara BOB jonKa OBITh COOTBETCTBEHHO YMeHbUeMa Pexum nocrosnnol (nommkennel wan sKcnayaTauHoHnHol) Mou~ HOCTH. PacueTH B 9THX pe2KHMAaX IPOH3BOANTCA KaK HM TIpH BeTPOZOM paszrone, HO MPH Bcex 3afaHHWX BETPOBBIX peXHMAX (Yui, Uni). KO- atouuuext Harpyskn rpe6voro Buuta (2) B pexkAMe nocTOAHHOH {ekernyaTanMoHHoH) MOMJHOCTH os2KeH onpesenHTeCA UMeHHO RO avo MowHocTH, B pexume noctomHHoi (nOHWKeHHOH} MonLHOCTH, KOTOPad ABINCTCA uenbiO pacicTa Ala JHNHH SKCTyarannu cyAna B I@JOM BIW C€ OTREABHBIX YUACTKOB, pacueT NOAKeH Spry nponsse- ACH MPH HeCKOASKHX 3a aBaCMBIX NOCTOAHHBIX SHAYEHHAX MOLINOCTH TH, nanpusep, Neg = (0,7; 0,8; 0,9; 1,0) Ne, (K=1, 2, 3, 4), rae N,,,.—~ akChoyaTalnounad Mowocrh FUL, 7. e, 04H GITh 3a- nonueHo K Marput, cxopocrn 4" Momnoctu cyaHa (em. ta6a. 1}. Mo STM MaTpHuaM CYAHa UPOWSBORATCR pacueThl BTOPOTO gTama, YAHTHI- Rawle pacnpeenenHe MOBT@PAEMOCTH BeTpa MO Tpacce MaaBaHHn. B urore no nomyucuHEIM Tpaduyeckum 3aRHCUMOCTAM os =f (Nes 2(Ne,\s S hy « Q i2( «) rae Ug, — cpeanepecopan CkopocTb cyAHa Ha AMHHH, 1 ganannoh cpeanepeiiconof ckopocTR vs, 1erKO onpedemaoTca wcKOMAa te fiocTosHHax MoWHOCTS Ne, H CoOOTBeTCTBYIoMHi pacxog TonAHBa Qx fa sinuuu (pue.2, 2). Tpapuxu puc.2, a, Snocrpoewm gia ManoTOH- HaXKHOTO TaHKepa C KPBWIbeEBDIMH [apyCaMH Tuna «AyroBaA WAacTHHa> TaowjaAbo 880 mM? B pexuMe HocTosHNOH (noHMxKeHHOM) MonjHocTH Ha amnun HopopoccuitckK—Onmecca—Hopopoccuttck a samnuil ceson 1 ae T + a 0 5 160 68 Nets KOT 1, cB/MaH on a Prepon 4 Or 128: 8 122 ot WN rl Pne, 2, Onpegencune nocrosuuol (nowexensoil) cpenueped- cosoft mommocra TAL Ne (a), vactotTs spamenen saaa 2 (6) 4 a6comornoro cpemepeficosoro ronaanocbepexerin AQ (—-—) a9 sanannot epemnopericonad exopocra a sani og 4 (---): 25.4 —F (Ney const) — ompeneneno pacretamm nyrex, Ol, ll SaaHaay u ACKoMaR ToIKE coorBercTReNKO; C— pacternax Touxa 2a0R ROCTPOOHEA Fpabuca PexuM nocTosHHod (NOHMKenHOA) YacTOTH BpaWenua Bana TE. PacueTs anasorwuHht pacueTaM Aa PeKHNAa TOcTORAHOH (MOHMKeH- Holi) MOMLNOCTH: WCKOMOe 3HaueHNe YACTOTH AIM BceH MUHA (und ee OTACILAHX yyaCTKOB) H COOTRETcrByIOMIe€ro pacxoa TONTNBA CUpe- Henserca TowbKO Moce ux sTOporo (BepoaTHocTHOre) gtana. Tlo rpa- PUeECKHM 3aRHCHMOCTAM U3, falas Qa— fa(tx) (3) H 3adaHHoH Us, HAXONAT HCKOMBIe SHaYeHHA MOCTOARHOH YacTOTEH fa MH - PaCcCuTSIBalor COOTBeTCTByIOMMMA =6pacxom «TonmHna Qa (pue. 2, 6), Alaa socrpoenusa yKasauuLlx 3aBHeHMocrTci nepBulii stam pacseta (upH craunonapHom serpe) ananornydo peaxumy NoctomHHolt (monn: MKEHHOL) MOWHOCTH Cuedyer HPOWSBOANT MPH HECKODKHX 3ajaBae-, MEX ROCTOARRBIX 3HaYeCHHAX YACTOTb BPalleHHA Basa rH, HallpH- Mep, nx = (0,7; 0,8; 0,9; 1,0)roe (K =1, 2, 3, 4; tox — sactoTa, cooT- Berctayoulad Nes. ). Tipu KaxAOM Nx 3afaeTeA TaKOl Ke PAA cKOpo- CTH cyfHa US ps Kak WB pacietTe AA pewuma BeTpOkore pasrona HAW nocrosHHon MoUHOCTH. OTaANdue AATID & nOpaaKke pacueta tarH rpeb- Horo BETA: NepBOHAyaAbyO ONnpeszeaneTcA de, COOTBETCTBEHHO 3aaH- HBIM CKOPOCTAM Cydia vg,, KOTOpad BMeCTe C IAFOBBIM CTHOTNEHHeEM nospofact phUnCANTh Kooppuunerr yoopa u KYYJE puura. Jatem Tocne Tepectera HCXOJHOTO KOspOulKeHTa 3acacbIBanuA Ha ByKHBi pexuM xoza cyAHA No Ap, (cormacuo 9, 9, Tanmemw), a TaKme H3- 16 BCCTHHIM POpMyAaM XOAKOCTH paccUHTLIBaeTCA TATA rpeOHOTO Buta Po, W cooTReTCTBYIONIaa NoTpebwad MoMHOCTS TJ Ne, . Ajanpuehume BBRIYHCAeCHHA AHATOrMYHb COOTBCTCTBYIOWIKM DA BeT- poBoro pa3roua cyAHa: pu yeropnn (1) onpexetaeTcs nanGomsuad AOCTHRUMAR CKOPOCT vs,,,, H WocHe Tpa@uyeckux nocrpoenuit 3a- Noausetca K marTpuil CKopoctu 4 mouHocTH (cyaHa), KoTOpbIe H npo- XOLAT BTOPOH ata pacueta AAA MoAyyeHUA 3aBucHMOCTeH (3). Tlomsayace taKoil Cxemolt, MooKHO OUeHHTH H3MeHeHHe IWara BPIII Mpa moctosnupx moulhocra TJ] a uacrore spaujenna ero pasa. Mocae BEECACHHA Ap, HW RKooppuwenta Mometa Ke no MauiMMHO! aua- TpamMe pacuctTa rpc6HbIxX BUHTOR ONpesenAloted OTHOCUTeNbHBI war vu KIT susta, Pa H CKOPOCTh CYAHA Us, 3aATeEM SANOAHAWTCH MaT- puup (em. Taéa. 1) Takum o6pa3oM, PpaccMOTpPeHbI cxeMbI NepRoro sTala pacueTa Ton- aupoc6epemenna cyaha c BOB, 1. e. ompegenenua ero cKopocru u MOLMHOCTH IlpH 3aMaHAbIX PeXMMAX CTALHOHAPHOFO BeTpa (Yui, Uns). PacueTh! TommMBocGepekcuHs Ha BTOPOM sTaMe BHHOAHAIOTCA 10 onHom WTO Ke cxeMe npH AIOfOM 43 PacCMOTPeHIbIX PEXHMOB 3KC- nayaTauai cyqWa H YYATEIBAIOT pactpeaeente HOBTOpHeMOCTH BeTpA NO CKOPOCTH Vi HaMpaBeHHIO BA Tpacchl cregowatva cya. TMocae MpokaqkH xKypca ompedenaeTca MpoOTAKeRHOCTS KaKAOFO yua- cTKa Tpacch, Kype cy¥ata Ha 5ToM yuacTKe, paiion Muposore oKe- aula, re pasmellaercd yuacToK [1] H cooTReTcTRytolan po3a Rerpos (ra6n, 2). Tabauya 2 Tosropaemoct, Betpa (%) aanannol cxopocm no mecromy paiosy Atmanmeckoro oxeata ¢ acka6pa no desparh Harpapsenne herpa omHoetTensto expan csera, rpaayent Croporre Betpa, a/c c-0 | cB—45 | B-~90 | FOR. -145] 1O—120 | 103-2 3-270 | 03-310 Mewee 6 ry 1 1)2}2]4)a4 10 2}1/]a4f]a3ats5 | 5] 6 i 10-16 a} 3 | 4]o6{s } 56 | a | 2 16 1 Gonee if 1{}|2i[2]3 13) 6 4} 4 Aaa wenopsosanHs nopropremocieh Py, (r—mo cros6uam; g — no CIpOkaM Tabamusl) HX JHAICHHA B KAKROM CTPOKE MOFYT GbiTb OTHCCeHB! K cepelHie coorneTcTBywllero KHTepBaaa cKopociTA. Ata NoOcaAeAHCro MITepBaNa 3a CKOPOCTh MOXeT GolTb UPHRATA MOaycyMMa cro amknelil rpanunpl (B gatnom caysac 16 m/c) H ckopocTH Berpa, np KOTOpoh cyMMa WoBTOpAcMocTel nO BceM ero HanpasJenuam He Mpeppuraet | % (B AanHom cayyac 28 m/c) [i]. Ecaa 91a nosycymMa (16428) :2=22 m/c npepnuaer gagaHHbli BepxHHii mpewer cKopo- ct serpa, npu xoropom BSB ewe pa6oraet , 20 m/e), 17 2 Bawa Ns 533 1O uMenno On (20 < 22 m/c) x cuntaetcs Bepxneli rpanuueli cKopo- cTH BeTpa B TaGa. 2. CaegoBaTesbHO, CKOpocTh BeTpa MpuMer 3Hate- Hia 3, 8, 13 4 20 Mic, vem u OGbACHAeTCA BO3MOKHOCTS BanoaHeHKA cTONGROB MATPHILb CYAHA TOABKO AAA ykasaHHEIX 8 IPHMCgaHMi OT- ACABUBLE 3HaYeHHH CkKOpocTH BeTpa. Takum oOpasoM, NodydeHbl MaTpHIE cyqHa Nea Hus,. (CM. ta6a, 1) u Marpuu aerpa Pg, (cm. Ta6a. 2). Uamexen g atHx ae- JPME OTHOCHTCA K HCTHHHOHM CKOPOCTH vy, a HHACKCL) rf —-K UCTHH- HOMy KypcoBomy yray BeTpa Yu, MepcXod K KOTOpoMy CT HanpaBale- HHA BeTPa OTHOCHT@bHO CTpaH CBETA Yc.c, YKASAHHWX B TAGA. 2. ocy- akectangerca no popMyse Yur = 360° — ye + Ye.er rac Yx— 3a%anHbili Kypc cyAna Ha Aalwom mpsmosnueliom yuacrKe Tpaccnl. Tlo suavenwam Yur TpowsBOAMTcA HeOGXOQMMaA HATepnozAuHAa Aannbix Ta6J. | mph onpeneaenHH Ne, u Us. CpeqHwe sKayeHHA pacxoxa ToRANBa Qm H CKOPOCTH CYAHA vs, Ha MM YWacTKe Kpyro- Bol Tpacch! ¢ # yuacTKaMH! cornacHO NONHOBepOATHOCTHOH cxeme [8] Cpeanne 3Havewua pacxofa Tonnnsa, cKopoctl cyaHa 4 x0J0BOTO BpeMeHH HO KpyroBOi JuHEH NLaBaAU Cy MyT COOTRETCTBEHKO Gm 1,22 3 (Sm/Us,): =!) Buaneaenna Tomaupocbepexexua Ha JMHNH 9KcHyaTanmn cyana kecbMa rpomeagxH. Tlosromy paspabaTaua yaobuan nporpamMa BTo- pore grana pacrera na SBM EC ut cosngan Gank cesounol nopropae- MOCTH BeTpa (MaTpH BeTpa) uo pxay paionos Muposoro oxeana [1]. Hocae spegenus MaIpHU AHHH (NpoTs2KeHHOCTH yeacTKOB Tpacesl, Kypca cyaHa Ha NX, HOMepoOB mopcKHX palionos [!]) H ' Tipa oguofi u Tol oxe rpacce fmapanna B oGoHx HanpaBdennax Kamau ee yuacrox BxOgHT B THCTO n pBAKAL. B MaTpau cyaua (cm. TaGa. 1) uporpaMMa pacneyaTuBaeT cnemyloune Aautinle 10 npaMomy, O6paTHomy H KpyroBOMy pelicy B KaxKAOM u3 TOLOBHX Ce30HOB H 3a TOA B LeOM: XOJOBOe BpemMaA, npolijennoe pac- CTOMHHEe, CPeAHIOIO CKOpPOCTh cygNa, cpemHIOIO HenoOADsyemylo MOuI- xocts Tf], cpeauuti pacxoa ronanpa. Bugeamotca Te Ke AaniMe Up ABIKEHHA ToubkKo nox TA, upu copmectuoti pabore [Ow BOB u TompKo 10a BOB. Be3 nodo6noi mporpaMMul pacueTbl HpakTHYeCKH HERO3MOMKAEI, BO BCHKOM CY¥ae AVIA PeRHMOB nocrosHHol (NowmxenHok) mMOUHOCTH H MOCTORHHOH (NOHWKeHHOA) yaCTOTH BpauleHua Bawa FA, pu Ko- TOPLIX [POMO3AKOCTh PaCueTOR no yYeTY MOBTOpAemOcTH BeTpa ycy- TyOnAeTcH HEOOXOMMMOCTLIO HCIOTb30BaHHA HECKONDKUX 3aaBaeMEIX aHaueHHil sTHX MapaMeTpon. JjonoaHHTesbHEIA PacxoA TOMINBA Ha aHeproobecneyenne KDPBIhe- BEIX 1apyCOB Ma@JIOTOHHaXHOFO TaHKepa [9] cocTasHa oKor0 0,2—0,4 % oGulero cpennerofoporo pacxona tonanpa Tj] conocrapasemoro cyAHa, 4 ANA Maaoo6opoTHNx poTopor Daertkepa ua Tom me cyazue — oxono 1,8 %. Or c6epeaentoro Tonausa sto cocTaBaxeT co- OTBCTCTBeHHO 2—4 % vn oKOIO 18%. HecmoTpa wa noBLIcHHBI pac- XOA TON1uBa poTOpaMH MTOrOBOe aHEprocGepeRenve Taxoe KC, Kak MIpH Kpbitbeanx napycax npuMepHo Brpoe Sonbme naomagu. Flix uponepxu paGoTocnoco6uccru paccMoTpeHnbix cxem ComocTaB- JiAIHCb PaCCTHble WH JKCMYATAWHOHRbe pesyIbTaTol, B wecta peii- cax Amouckoro TaHKepa «lun Afitoky Mapy> B oceHHe-3nmnKii me- puoa 1980 r. Mexay Anonveh, Kopeeit x Kutaem (Taiipanb) toay- yena B cpequem 8—9 %-Had skonomua MOMHOcTH TI [10], 6ansKaq K OTHOCHTEJIpHO JKOHOMHM TONHBA. Coorsercrsywillne pacueTbl B pexkHMe TapanTupoBaHHol cpeaue- peiicowol ckopoctu {12 y3} aan Gnu3KHe pesyanraThr. IMOHOMHA TORAMBA B CCSOKi WAaBANMA OCeHL/sHMa TANKepA «lla Alttoxy Mapy> (Gea yieta wotep cxopocTH Ha BoaHeHiH), % Kapacakn (Smonan)—Lsnnyn (Taian)... . 6,3/8,5 Hanayn—TMycan (Koper) 2. ee : 57,7 Tycat—Kapacakt oe . 7,389.7 Alpyroe avanornuanoe comoctagsnenue —nNO cpegHeli cKopocTH peitca (nyrcporo Bpemenu) GapKa «[lanya» («Kpysenmtepn»} na oc- HOBHOM yUACTKe «KalropuoscKow» MMH MbiC Jlu3sapa—moic Tops [2] ToKa3a0, 4TO pacueTHOe Bpema KpyroRoro uepexowa cocTaBHAG {31 cyt, a cooTReTCTByloMlee Cpeauee BPEMA MECHTH PeaTbHbIX pelicoB yka3aHHoro cyfKa H TOgo6HbIX emy — 121,5 cyr. Oucutnagd pesyaptath mo_o6HbIx comocTaBrcnni, CcaenyeT UMeTD B BHAY, YTO pacueTol TIPOH3BOAATCA NO CpeHHM MHOPOviCTHHM BeETpO- BbIM XapakTepucTHkaMm [1], a aKcrayaTalMOHHble pesyabTars mony- UCHBI B OTAEMbHBIX KOHKpeTHBIx (6143KHX K PeKOPAHHIM) Peficax, mo- STOMY LOMHOe COOTBCTCTBHE STHX WaHHbIX Me MOKEeT 68ITh =AOCTUT- xyto [2]. 2° 19 Takum o6pa30M, paccCMOTPeHHble PacueTHble CXCMb IPHMCHEMBI Ha WpaxTuke, BO BCAKOM cnyuae ua cTaquu T3O cygua co BcnomoraTcad- Hbim seTpogBuxcnnem. IIo Hum GBA OMpexemenpt TommMBocbepene- HHE HW CKOPOCTh Wa TpaHcokeaHcKHX H KAGOTAKHBX THNAAX 9KCHTya- TalKR mpa paspa6oTKe TeXHHKO-SKCTAyaTaRHOHHIx Tpe6oBaHHit K Tankepam tuna

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