Ch.

5 Capacitance and Inductance

(5.1 Capacitors)
(5.2 Inductors)
(5.3 Capacitor and Inductor Combinations)

1
 (5.1) Capacitors 電容

𝒒

𝒗
- capacitance unit = Farad (F) 法拉= coulomb/volt
- C of two parallel plates
𝒅𝒒 𝒅𝒗
• Displacement current
𝒅𝒕 𝒅𝒕
→ like dc open circuit if v = constant, 0𝑖 𝑡 0
𝟏 𝒕 𝟏 𝒕
𝟎 𝑪 𝒕𝟎 𝑪 
for t> t0, v(t0): initial voltage v(t) must be continuous if i(t) is finite 2
Energy stored in capacitor
• Power delivered to capacitor

• By charging C from to , the energy

𝟏 𝟐
𝟐

3
 (5.2) Inductors 電感
𝜓: magnetic flux (磁通量)

𝑵𝝍
• 
𝑰
- inductance unit = Henry (H) 亨利= weber/ampere = volt-second/ampere
𝒅𝝍 𝒕 𝒅𝒊 𝒕
• Faraday’s law  induced voltage
𝒅𝒕 𝒅𝒕
→ like dc short circuit if i = constant, 0𝑣 𝑡 0
𝟏 𝒕 𝟏 𝒕
𝟎 𝑳 𝒕𝟎 𝑳 
for t> t0, i(t0): initial current i(t) continuous if v(t) is finite 4
Energy stored in inductor
• Power delivered to inductor

• By changing from to , energy :

𝟏 𝟐
𝟐

5
(5.3) Capacitor and Inductor Combinations
Series Capacitors
By KVL,
,


𝟏 𝑵 𝟏
 𝒋 𝟏𝑪
𝑪𝑺 𝒋

6
Parallel Capacitors
By KCL,

𝑵
 𝒑 𝒋 𝟏 𝒋

7
Series Inductors
By KVL,

𝑵
 𝑺 𝒋 𝟏 𝒋

8
Parallel Inductors
By KCL,
,


𝟏 𝑵 𝟏
 𝒋 𝟏𝑳
𝑳𝒑 𝒋