MATERIALS & METHOD

The methodology used in this study includes the following:

1. GAMMA IRRADIATION
EXPOSURE
1. Gamma Irradiation Source: Sprout rhizomes of
healthy ginger plants
The study utilized a Russian gamma chamber with were exposed to

CASE STUDY OF THE IMPOVEMENT OF 6- cesium-137 as the irradiation source to expose sprout different doses of
gamma rays (5, 10, 15,
rhizomes of healthy ginger plants to different doses of 20, 25, and 30 Gray)
using a Russian gamma
GINGEROL CONTENT IN GINGER PLANT BY gamma rays (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 Gray) for specific
durations.
chamber with cesium-
137 as the irradiation
source.
MUTATION BREEDING USING GAMMA 2. M1 Generation Rhizomes:
2. PLANTING & GROWTH
Irradiated and non-
irradiated rhizomes were

IRRADIATION Following gamma irradiation, the irradiated and non-

planted to obtain the M1
generation
greenhouse.
in a

irradiated rhizomes, each consisting of 1–3 buds, were

PREPARED BY: The effect of gamma rays
planted to obtain the M1 generation in a greenhouse. The on traits such as shoot
length, root length, and
FAYBIE BUNGIN ANAK FREDDIE (2022793579) effect of gamma rays on traits such as shoot length, root number of leaves per plant
was assessed.
length, and number of leaves per plant was assessed. 3. GENETIC ANALYSIS
FACULTY OF PLANTATION AND AGROTECHNOLOGY, Genetic changes in different
parts of the ginger plant
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA MELAKA, JASIN BRANCH 3. Genetic Analysis: were investigated using
CAMPUS, 77300 MERLIMAU, MELAKA. The study investigated genetic changes in different parts
specific primers (OPA04,
OPA09, OPD05, OPD15, and
OPD16) through RAPD-PCR
of the ginger plant using five specific primers (OPA04, analysis to confirm
radiation-induced genetic
OPA09, OPD05, OPD15, and OPD16) through RAPD-PCR
INTRODUCTION analysis to confirm radiation-induced genetic variability.
variability.
4. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF
6-GINGEROL
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) has been used for medicinal and culinary The content of 6-gingerol
4. Quantitative Analysis of 6-Gingerol: produced by ginger extracts
purposes for a long time in many cultures around the world. The plant is known for its The content of 6-gingerol produced by ginger extracts was determined using
analytical HPLC for in vivo
pungent aromatic rhizome, is one such natural product that has been used for was determined using analytical HPLC for in vivo and in and in vitro cultures, allowing
for the quantitative
centuries as both a spice and herbal medicine. It is known to exhibit a variety of vitro cultures, allowing for the quantitative assessment of assessment of 6-gingerol
production in response to
biological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation (S. 6-gingerol production in response to gamma irradiation. gamma irradiation.

Wang, et al, 2014). The major pungent compound in ginger is 6-gingerol, which is
responsible for its characteristic flavor and aroma. This research paper explores the
potential of enhancing the 6-gingerol content in ginger through mutation breeding
using gamma irradiation. The study provides valuable insights into the use of gamma
irradiation as an eco-friendly and economic route for improving the contents of
RESULT & DISCUSSION
natural plants, with potential implications for the pharmaceutical and food industries. Based on the results shown in Table 2, the ginger growth is best at 20Gy gamma dose. With
respect to control, the M1 and M2 generation produces:

OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the research are as follows:
To study the effect of different doses of
gamma irradiation on ginger rhizomes
(Zingiber officinale Roscoe) plants.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) lacks the
content of 6-gingerol, thus the study revolves around
the need to enhance 6-gingerol content by mutation
breeding using gamma iradiation.
The M1 generation with 20Gy produces 24cm shoot, 15cm root length and 15 leaves
The M2 generation with 20Gy produces 30cm shoot, 15cm root length and 15 leaves.
In the M2 generation, the plants exposed to 20Gy of gamma irradiation showed significant
differences in shoot length while root length and number of leaves per plant is the same.
Based on the results of quantitative analysis of 6-gingerol using HPLC, in Table 3 shows
that:

To investigate the genetic changes in
different parts of the ginger plant using
specific primers and RAPD-PCR analysis.
To quantitatively determine the content of
6-gingerol produced by ginger extracts
using analytical HPLC for in vivo and in vitro
cultures.
REFERENCES
1. Magdy, A. M., Fahmy, E. M., Abd EL-Rahman, M. A. A., &
Awad, G. (2020). Improvement of 6-gingerol
The highest polymorphic was found in primer OPD16 while the lowest is OPD15.
The highest molecular size is also shown by OPD16.
The HPLC analysis used to evaluate the concentration of 6-gingerol in the irradiated plants
at all doses, especially at 20 Gy, demonstrated a significant increase in 6-gingerol content,
highlighting the effectiveness of gamma irradiation in enhancing the production of this
bioactive compound in ginger rhizomes.

These objectives collectively aim to assess the

impact of gamma irradiation on genetic
variability and 6-gingerol production in ginger
rhizomes, with the ultimate goal of enhancing
the medicinal and culinary properties of ginger.
production in ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale
Roscoe) plants by mutation breeding using gamma
CONCLUSION
irradiation. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 162, These findings highlight the effectiveness of gamma irradiation in enhancing the production of 6-
109193. gingerol in ginger rhizomes, offering valuable insights for the potential improvement of ginger plants
2. Wang, S., Zhang, C., Yang, G., & Yang, Y. (2014). with enhanced pharmaceutical and physiological characteristics. Specifically, the M2 offspring from
Biological properties of 6-gingerol: a brief review. a parent ginger rhizome irradiated with 20 Gy exhibited a high 6-gingerol content, almost double
Natural product communications, 9(7), that of non-irradiated control samples. The study proves that the role of mutation breeding and
1934578X1400900736.
gamma irradiation can be used for industrial applications to improve the medicinal and culinary
properties of ginger.