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台大生態學李培芬老師 考古題 answer
台大生態學李培芬老師 考古題 answer
Which of the following gases contribute to warming of the Earth's surface through the greenhouse
effect?
A. carbon dioxide
B. methane
C. water vapor
D. nitrous oxide
D. the rate at which organisms can recycle energy within the ecosystem.
3. Ozone plays an important role in shaping the environment for life on Earth because it
A. is low at the equator and the poles, and peaks at temperate latitudes.
B. is high at the equator and the poles, and lowest at temperate latitudes.
7. When measuring the coastline of Taiwan, which of these rulers would give you the longest estimate of
coastline length?
A. 1 cm
B. 10 cm
C. 1 m
D. 10 m
E. 1 km
8. According to the facilitation hypothesis, pioneer species modify the environment in ways theat
A. make it more suitable for their own survival, and less suitable for other species.
B. make it less suitable for their own survival, but more suitable for survival of other pioneer species.
C. make it less suitable for their own survival, but more suitable for survival of late-successional
species.
A. moisture.
B. nitrogen content.
C. leaf toughness.
10. The terrestrial ecosystem with highest primary production are usually that are
11. The rate of primary production on the Serengeti grassland is positively correlated with
A. rainfall.
B. moderate grazing.
C. high-intensity grazing.
A. in the atmosphere.
B. dissolved in water.
D. ammonium to nitrate.
E. ammonium to nitrite.
14. A major perturbation of the carbon cycle by human activity is associated with
A. aquatic fungi.
B. bacteria.
C. algae.
D. detritivorous fish.
E. piscivorous fish.
A. high resistance.
B. low resistance.
C. high resilience.
D. low resilience.
E. high replication.
17. "Primary succession" is succession that
D. occurs where organic soils have been exposed but not destroyed by disturbance.
19. According to the inhibition hypothesis, pioneer species modify the environment in ways that
B. male it less suitable for their own survival, but more suitable for survival of other pioneer species.
C. make it less suitable for their own survival, but more suitable for survival of late-successional
species.
20. __________ is the ability of a community or ecosystem to maintain structure in the face of potential
disturbance.
A. Resilience
B. Elasticity
C. Resistance
D. Plasticity
E. Flexibility
21. Actual evapotranspiration for an ecosystem refers to the amount of water that
C. is transpired by plants.
E. could evaporates from soils, if they were kept wet at all times.
A. warm, moist
B. cold, moist
C. warm, dry
D. cold, dry
A. primary producers.
B. primary consumers.
C. secondary consumers.
D. parasitoids.
E. keystone species.
D. because tundra soils have low nutrients and retain water poorly.
E. photosynthesis by planktonic.
B. annual grassland
C. subalpine forest
E. tropical forest
28. Pocket gophers change the nitrogen cycle in prairies because they
D. both addition of nitrogen fertilizers and nitrogen pollution from burning of fossil fuels.
30. Which statement about changing ecosystem properties during succession is false?
A. biomass increases
31. For Glanville fritillary butterflies in Finland, larger habitat patches (compared to smaller
ones)support
32. The equilibrium model of island biogeography explains diversity on islands as a balance between
A. is producing a novel landscape structure, because beavers have never been as numerous as they
are now.
B. is producing a novel landscape structure, because beavers previously exploited natural wetlands.
35. MacArthur and Wilson hypothesized that larger islands would experience more extinction events
because more species present means
E. only more chances for extinctions and smaller population size of each.
36. A positive relationship between area and species diversity is commonly for
A. oceanic islands.
B. lakes.