MODAL VERBS

5. should Advice:
You should see a doctor.
1. can Ability - I can ski very well ought to
Possibility - We can go to Rome in June. You ought to study harder.
Permission - Can I go to the toilet?
Request - Can you open the door?
En afirmativa tienen el mismo uso pero en negativa
6. must “must” y “have to” tienen un uso diferente
2. couldAbility in the past - I could ski very well. need to Rules and obligation: +
Possibility - It could be an allergic reaction . You must / have to / need to do your homework.
have to Prohibition: You mustn’t park here.
Permission - Could I go to the toilet, please?
Request - Could you close the window? Lack of obligation: You don’t have to come.

MODAL PERFECTS
3. be able to Se usa en todos los tiempos
verbales
He was able to drive when he was fifteen
Ability and “Modal perfects” se utilizan para referirse a acciones pasadas y
He has been able to drive since he was fifteen. hacer deducciones sobre el pasado
possibility
I think he will be able to drive soon. Must have + PP - Conclusión lógica sobre el pasado
Mary must have gone out. The ligths are off.
May/Might have + PP - Posibilidad de que algo ocurrió
Possibility - It may rain tomorrow. He may / might have enjoyed the party.
Could have + PP - Algo que pudo haberse hecho pero finalmente no ocurrió.
4. may It might rain tomorrow. Real Madrid could have won the match.
Should have + PP - Criticar o mostrar arrepentimiento
might I should have studied harder for the exam.
Permission - May I go to the toilet? Can’t / Couldn’t have + PP - Estamos seguros de que algo no fue posible
He can’t / couldn’t have stolen the money