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AZAR Present Perfect + Past Perfect
AZAR Present Perfect + Past Perfect
Review
4-1 Past participle
4-2 Present perfect with since and for
4-3 Negatives, questions, and short answer forms
4-4 Present perfect with unspecified time
4-5 Simple past vs. present perfect
4-6 Present perfect progressive
4-7 Present perfect progressive vs. present perfect
4-8 Past perfect
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Review and Preview
Jenna _____
loves her dog. His name __
is Max.
grandfather _____
found him at an animal shelter.
Jenna _____
takes very good care her dog.
He __
is a great dog.
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4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE
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4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE
REGULAR
finish finished finished
VERBS stop stopped stopped
wait waited waited
see saw seen
IRREGULAR make made made
VERBS
put put put
past perfect tense
present perfect tense
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4-1 LET’S PRACTICE
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4-2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR
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4-2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR
since
present perfect +
for
past present
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4-2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR
now
6:00
x x
x
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4-2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR
(c) I have
You have
She, He, It has been here for a week.
We have
They have
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4-2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR
since noon.
since Wednesday.
since April.
(d) I have worked here since 2010.
since May 9, 2011.
since yesterday.
since last week.
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4-2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR
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4-2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR
SINCE
MAIN CLAUSE SINCE-CLAUSE
(present perfect) (simple past)
(j) We have been friends since I was fifteen.
(k) Jim has played many sports since he tried soccer.
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4-2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR
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4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
3 hours
she was six
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4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
he started school
15 years
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4-2 LET’S PRACTICE
for
since
My uncle has driven a taxi _____
since 1982.
My uncle has driven a taxi ____
for thirty years.
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4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER
FORMS
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4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER
FORMS
NEGATIVE:
(a) I have not (haven’t) gone home yet.
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4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER
FORMS
QUESTION:
(c) Have you read the report?
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4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER
FORMS
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4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER
FORMS
SHORT ANSWER:
have / haven’t
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4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER
FORMS
(h)
Has Kyung Yes, she has. She
finished her did it after school.
homework?
SHORT ANSWER:
has / hasn’t
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4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
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4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
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4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
Justin
see
_________________
Has Justin ever seen a shark? ever
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4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
Yes, he ___.
has He saw one near Cape Town,
South Africa.
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4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
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4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
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4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
now
before now
X X
time?
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4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
activity repeated
before now, unspecified past times
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4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
now
before now
X XX X
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4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
ALREADY:
(e) Tyler has already taken his first steps.
OR
Tyler has taken his first steps already.
Use already in
affirmative statements
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4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
YET:
Use yet in
negative statements
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4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME
Both ok in questions.
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4-4 LET’S PRACTICE
take, already
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4-3 LET’S PRACTICE
since
study OR
for
I ‘ve
______________ since 8 AM.
been studying _______
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4-4 LET’S PRACTICE
be
has been
Rosa ___________ to Italy three times.
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4-5 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
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4-5 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(a) They completed the game at 4:00.
specific time
PRESENT PERFECT
(b) They have already completed the game.
unspecified time
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4-5 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(c) I was in Nigeria when I was five years old.
specific time
PRESENT PERFECT
(d) I have been to Nigeria three times.
unspecified time
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4-5 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE PAST
(e) Jack camped in France for 9 days.
PRESENT PERFECT
since
(f) Eli has been camping for last Monday.
9 days.
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4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
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4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT
UNSPECIFIED
PERFECT
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4-5 LET’S PRACTICE
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4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
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4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
STATEMENT:
have/has + been + -ing
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4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
QUESTION FORM:
have/has + subject + been + -ing
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4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
in progress right now
duration of time not mentioned
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4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
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4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
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4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
use
OR
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
is using the
My sister _________
phone.
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4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR dance
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
are dancing
Her parents __________.
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4-6 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
OR go
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
going
Where are you _______for
the summer holiday?
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4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT
(b) My cousin has hiked many mountains.
repeated activities
unspecified times in the past
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4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
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4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
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4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
OR
same meaning
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4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
OR
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4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
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4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
PRESENT PERFECT
live
How long has
___ your family ______
lived here?
We __________
have lived here for ten years.
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4-7 LET’S PRACTICE
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4-8 PAST PERFECT
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4-8 PAST PERFECT
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4-8 PAST PERFECT
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4-8 PAST PERFECT
CONTRACTION:
I / you / she / he / it / we / they + ’d
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4-8 PAST PERFECT
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4-8 PAST PERFECT
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4-8 PAST PERFECT
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4-8 PAST PERFECT
1st
2nd
a. the friend saw the movie ____
1st
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PHOTO CREDITS
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