H2 Cl2 𝐾′ = 4.

0 × 1018
1.2 × 1010
H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) ⇌ 2HCl(g)

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g) 𝐾′ = 5.3 × 105

2.1 × 10−3

N2 (g) + O2 (g) ⇌ 2NO(g), 𝐾′ = 3.4 × 10−21

3.0 × 10−6

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g) 𝐾′ = 41 𝐾′

2NH3 (g) ⇌ N2 (g) + 3H2 (g)

1
N (g) + 32H2 (g) ⇌ NH3 (g)
2 2

Ag + (ac) + Cl− (ac) ⇌ AgCl(ac), 𝐾1′ = 103.31

AgCl(ac) + Cl− (ac) ⇌ AgCl2− (ac), 𝐾2′ = 101.968
Ag + (ac) + Cl− (ac) ⇌ AgCl(s), 𝐾3′ = 109.745
𝐾’
AgCl(s) + Cl− (ac) ⇌ AgCl2− (ac) 10−4.47 = 3.4 × 10−5
AgCl(s) ⇌ AgCl(ac) 10−6.44 = 3.7 × 10−7

𝑎A + 𝑏B 𝑐C + 𝑑D 𝑲’
𝑲’ 𝛼 𝐾P′ = 𝛼 Δ𝑛 𝐾C′
𝑇 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇
Δ𝑛 = –
Δ𝑛

H2 (g) + Br2 (g) ⇌ HBr(g), 𝐾 ′ = 7.2 × 10−4 a 1362 K, y ∆𝑟 𝐻0 > 0

5.08 × 10−4

N2 H4
N2 (g) + 2H2 (g) ⇌ N2 H4 (g) ∆𝑟 𝐻0 = 95 kJ/mol

𝐾C′

Fe2 O3 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2Fe(s) + H2 O(g) ∆𝑟 𝐻0 = 98.7 kJ/mol

 𝐾’ 2BrCl(g) + H2 (g) ⇌ Br2 (g) + 2HCl(g)
Cl2 (g) + H2 (g) ⇌ 2HCl(g) 𝐾’ 4.0 × 1031 2BrCl(g) ⇌ Br2 (g) +
Cl2 (g), 𝐾’ = 3.77 × 102 1.5 × 1034

𝐾 NH3 (ac) + H2 O(l) ⇌ NH4+ (ac) + OH − (ac)

−5 −5
1.479 × 10 ℃ 1.570 × 10 ℃
∆𝑟 𝐻 0 kJ/mol
𝐾 ℃ 1.52 × 10−5

^_^:
CaCO3

H+ 1.8 × 10−7 M

CaCO3 (s, aragonita) ⇌ Ca2+ (ac) + CO32− (ac) 𝐾ps = 6.0 × 10−9
CO2 (g) ⇌ CO2 (ac) 𝐾CO2 = 3.4 × 10−2
CO2 (ac) + H2 O(l) ⇌ HCO3− (ac) + H + (ac) 𝐾1 = 4.5 × 10−7
HCO3− (ac) ⇌ H + (ac) + CO32− (ac) 𝐾2 = 4.7 × 10−11

Ca2+