Template for Topic Presentation Outline

Chapter Name: 2. The Range of Children’s Literature and the General Types of
Children’s Literature
Topic Title: 2.4 Drama
Topic Presenter: Catayong, Mark Vincent M.
Year and Section: BEED III-3

I. Objective/s:
At the end of the presentation, students are expected to:
II. Major Concept:
A. Identify the elements of drama
B. Student imagine and participate expression and exploration of
personal, cultural and social worlds through role and situation that
engages, entertains and challenge
C. Apply knowledge and understanding when making performing and
responding to drama
III. Procedure
Teacher’s Learner’s Activity
Activity
A. Introductory I have here a flashcards, once I flash it you need to do is
Activities give what expressions or emotion is.

 Sad
 Scared
 Angry
 Happy
 Surprised
B. Presentation of Good day Everyone! The topic that I’ll be discussing is
the Topic Drama.

C. Discussion of the Drama

Concept  Drama is the word taken from word ‘‘ dran ’’
which means to move or to act. It is a kind of
story composed in dialogue not to be read but
to watched because it is acted on .
  Hamlet is an example of drama by
Shakespeare’s and it is dramatic play that’s
explore themes of revenge, madness and
moral dilemmas.

The Elements of Drama

 The elements of drama by which dramatic
works can be analized and evaluated, can be
categorized into three major areas:
 Literary elements
 Technical elements
 Performance elements

Aristotle
 Aristotle ( 384-322 ) was a greek philosopher
whose writing still influence us today. He was
the first to write about the essential elements of
drama more than 2,000 years ago.

Aristotle’s Six Elements of Drama

Aristotle considered these six things to be essential to good

drama:
 Plot: This is what happens in the play. Plot
refers to the action; the basic storyline of the
play.
 Theme: While plot refers to the action of the
play, theme refers to the meaning of the play.
Theme is the main idea or lesson to be learned
from the play. In some cases, the theme of a
play is obvious; other times it is quite subtle.
 Characters: Characters are the people
( sometimes animals or ideas ) portrayed by the
action in the play. It is the characters who move
the action, or plot of the play forward.
 Dialogue: This refers to the words written by
the playwright and spoken by the characters in
the play. The dialogue helps move the action of
the play drama.
 Spectacles: This refers to the visual elements
of a play: sets, costumes, special effects; etc.
Spectacles is everything that the audience
sees as they watch the play.
 Music/Rhythm: While music is often featured
in drama in this case Aristotle was referring to
the rhythm of the action voices as they speak.
The Modern Theater
 In the modern theater, this the list has changed
slightly, although you will notice that many of
the elements remain the same. The list of
essential elements in modern theater is as
follows;

Characters
Plot
Theme
Dialogue
Convention
Genre
Audience

The modern Theater

The first four, Characters, Plot, Theme and Dialogue
remain the same, but the following additions are now also
considered essential elements of drama.
 Convention: These are the techniques and
methods used by the playwright and director to
create the desired stylistic effect.
 Genre: refers to the type of play. Some
examples of different Genres include comedy,
tragedy, mystery and historical play.
 Audience: This group of people who watch the
play. Many playwrights and actors consider the
audience to be the most important element of
drama, as all of the effort put in to writing and
producing a play is for the enjoyment of the
audience.

There are six stages in a plot structure

 Initial Incident: The event that ‘‘ gets the

story going ’’
 Preliminary Event: Whatever take place
BEFORE the action of the play that is directly
related to the play.
 Rising Action: A series of events following the
 initial Incident and leading up to the dramatic
climax.
 Climax: The turning point or high point of a
story, when events can go either way.
 Falling Action: The series of events following
the climax.
 Denouement: Another term for the conclusion
from the french word for ‘‘ unraveling ’’

Other literary elements

 Exposition: The ‘‘ Who, When, Where and

What ’’ part of the play.
 Story Organization: Beginning, Middle, end.
 Conflict: The internal or external struggle
between apposing forces, ideas or interests
that creates dramatic tension.
 Suspense: A feeling of uncertainly as to the
outcome, used to build interests and
excitement on the audience.
 Language: In drama, the particular manner of
verbal expression, the diction or style of writing
of the speech or phrasing that suggests a class
or profession or type of character.
 Style: The shaping of dramatic material,
setting or costumes in a deliberately non-
realistic manner.
 Soliloquy: A speech by a single actor who is
alone on stage.
 Monologue: A long speech made by one actor
( a monologue may be delivered alone or in the
presence of others )

Technical Elements

 Scenery (set): The theatrical equipment such

as curtains, flats backdrops, or platforms
used in a dramatic production to communicate
environment.
 Costumes: Clothing and accessories worn
by actor to portray character and period.
 Props: Short for properties; and article ,
except costume or scenery used as part of a
dramatic production, any moveable object that
appears on stage during a performance from a
telephone to a train.
 Light: The effects an intensity and color or light
s to help communicate environment, mood or
feeling.
  Sounds: The effects an audience hears during
performance to communicate character,
context or environment.
 Make up: Costumes, wigs and body paint
used to transform an actor into a character.

Performance Elements

 Acting: Use of face, body and voice to portray

character.
 Character Motivation: The reason or reasons
for character’s behavior, an incentive or
inducement for further action for a character.
 Character Analysis: In responding to dramatic
art, the process of examining how elements of
drama - literacy, technical and performance -
are used.
 Empathy: The capacity to relate to the feelings
of another.
 Speaking: The mode of expression or delivery
of lines.
 Breath Control: Proper use of the lungs and
diaphragm muscle for maximum capacity and
efficiency of breath for speaking.
 Vocal Expression: How an actor use his or
her voice to convey character.
 Inflection: Change in pitch or loudness of the
voice.
 Projection: How well the voice carries to
audience.
 Speaking Style: The mode of expression or
delivery of lines.
 Diction: Selection and pronunciation of words;
clarify of speech.

Nonverbal Expression

 Gestures: any movement of the actors head,

shoulder, arm, hand, leg or foot to convey
meaning.
 Facial Expression: Physical and vocal aspects
use by an actor to convey mood, feeling or
personality.

Two types of Drama

Tragedy
 Usually ends with the death of the hero.
 Taken from the Greek word ‘‘ tragus ’’, which
 means goat, reflects the serious side of life.
The characters usually fail in the fight against
the problem due to their own limitation.
 Aims the audience to cry.
Example
 Romeo and Juliet
 Hamlet
 King Lear
 Titanic
Comedy
 the hero does not die, but it is not that way all
the time.
 Pictures out the lighter side of man. It depicts
the failure of man that intends to stir out
laughter.
 Aims the audience to laugh.
Example
 Tom and Jerry
 SpongeBob
 Oggie and the Cockroaches
 Rabbids Invasion

D. Guided Activity Direction:

I will group the class into two(2) groups and you need to do is
create a role play presentation in tittle Comedy Joke’s and I’ll be
giving you 5 minutes to create your presentation and how will you
manage your time, what strategies you will do, but before that, let
us recall the rules in group Activity.

First, work quietly

Second, work your activity
Third, respect each other opinion
And lastly, once you are done. Stay your groupmates and keep
silent.

I have here a rubric and how I will grade your presentation.

E. Wrapping Up
 What was our topic for today?
 What is the significance of drama?
 What is the most significant element of drama?
 What is the importance of drama in teaching
and learning?
 What is the importance of drama in your life
and in our society?
F. Graded Activity
Identification 1-15

1. The word drama comes from the

Greek word ‘‘dran’’ The word ‘‘dran’’.
 What it means?
 To do or to Act
2. What is the story written by the playwright
which is performed for audience?
 Drama
3. Who was the Greek Philosopher whose
writing still influence us?
 Aristotle
4. What elements refers to what happens in
the play it implies action on the basic
storyline of the play?
 Plot
5. What refers to the words spoken by the
characters?
 Dialogue
6. This refers to the visual elements of a play;
sets, costumes, special effects?
 Spectacles
7. What group of people who watch the play?
 Audience
8. What elements particular manner of verbal
expression and style of writing of the
speech or phrasing?
 Language
9. What elements of long speech made by one
actor?
 Monologue
10. What performance elements an actor used
his/her voice to convey character?
 Vocal Expression
11. What expression in physical and vocal
aspects used by the actor?
 Facial Expressions
12-13. Give the two types of drama
 Comedy and Tragedy
14-15. Give 1 each example of drama, referring
to your answer in 12-13.

G. References  DRAMA PowerPoint presentation (2015,

November 22)
https://www.slideshare.net/KarlRuiz1/drama-
powerpoint-presentation
 https://www.slideshare.net/RahilaKhan6/drama-
70272781
 www.google.com

Name:__________________ Drama:_________________ Date:_______

ELEMENTS 1 2 3 4
Practice Works with the Works well in Works well in Works in the
group only with the group with the group, group,
continued frequent communication communication
assistance and assistance ideas and ideas and
prompts feelings feelings and
supports the
contribution of
others
Loud/clear Voice is unclear Voice is Voice is clear Voice is clearly
voice or nearly somewhat clear and audible audible and
inaudible and mostly plays to the
audible room
Setting Little evidence Limited Manipulates Manipulate
of manipulation manipulation of sounds, objects sounds, objects,
of sounds, sounds, objects and space to space and light
objects and and space to communicate a and uses
space to communicate a mood, feeling, metaphor to
communicate a mood, feeling, idea or setting communicate a
mood, feelings, idea or setting specific mood,
ideas or setting feeling, idea or
setting

Props Uses little or no Uses props to Uses props to Uses props in a

props in such a convey setting, convey setting, highly
way as to character or character or imaginative and
distract from action action clearly creative way
the somewhat
performance clearly

Action Rarely Somewhat Interprets ideas Clearly and

interprets ideas interprets ideas physically unmistakably
physically physically interprets ideas
physically

Comedy Rarely or Inappropriately Injects humour Injects humour

inappropriately injects humour appropriately in creative ways
and injects or it distracts that move
humour form purpose of forward the
drama drama situation

Role - Little evidence develops a role Develop a role Develop or one

development of role appropriate to appropriate to more roles
development the drama with drama appropriate to
assistance the drama
Role – sounds Rarely or Uses tone or Adapts tone Skilfully and
and feeling ineffectively voice, gesture, voice, gesture, confidently
uses tone of facial facial adapts tone of
voice, gesture, expression and expression and voice, facial
facial vocabulary of vocabulary of expression,
expression and role with role effectively gesture and
vocabulary of assistance vocabulary
role

Performance Rarely sustains Sustains Sustains Sustains

engagement in engagement for engagement engagement
the drama a portion of the throughout the throughout the
drama drama drama and
encourages the
involvement of
others

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