FINAL EXAMINATION REVIEWER
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
STEM 12 | 1st SEM - 2ND GRADING
LESSON 1 : KEY
COMPONENTS AND
RELEVANCE OF
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
The concept of developing and managing a
business venture in order to gain profit
IMPORTANCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
ECONOMIC GROWTH - The success of the
products and services created and sold by
entrepreneurs cascades to other businesses and
markets.
WEALTH GENERATION - Entrepreneurs
frequently target new markets and tap audiences
outside the focus of established firms. This
creates new sources of revenue and profits.
SOCIAL CHANGE - The innovative goods and
services entrepreneurs offer improve outdated
processes and technologies.
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT - Entrepreneurs
foster a sense of community among people with
common goals and interests, whether in a single
neighborhood or across continents.
KINDS OF ENTERPRISES
MICRO ENTERPRISES - Have no more than 1-9
employees with an asset of not more than 3
million pesos
SMALL ENTERPRISES - Have 10-99
employees with an asset of 3-15 million pesos
MEDIUM ENTERPRISES - Have 100-199
employees with an asset of 15-100 million pesos
MSME IN THE PHILIPPINES IS DEFINED AS
ANY BUSINESS ACTIVITY OR ENTERPRISE
ENGAGED IN INDUSTRY, AGRI-BUSINESS
AND/OR SERVICES THAT HAS: (1) AN ASSET
SIZE (LESS LAND) OF UP TO PHP100
MILLION: AND (2) AN EMPLOYMENT SIZE
WITH LESS THAN 200 EMPLOYEES
MICRO (below 3 Million) - 1-9 employees
SMALL (3-15 Million) - 10-99 employees
MEDIUM (15-100 Million) 100-199 employees
LARGE (above 100 Million) - 200 above
employees
QUALITIES OF AN ENTREPRENEUR
HAVE INITIATIVE - does things before being
asked
PROACTIVE - identifies and utilizes
opportunities
PERSEVERANCE - works against all odds to
overcome obstacles
PROBLEM-SOLVER - introduces innovative
solutions to obstacles
PERSUASION - convinces customers an
financiers to patronize his business
SELF-CONFIDENCE - having a firm belief in
your own capabilities and your chances of
success.
SELF-CRITICAL - learns from his mistakes and
from experiences of others
A PLANNER - collects information, prepares a
plan, and monitors performance
CREATIVITY - the ability to come up with clever,
workable solutions
COMMUNICATION SKILLS - the ability to
express yourself and to understand others so
that ideas can be shared
RELATION SKILLS - the ability to get along with
others, to inspire cooperation, confidence and
loyalty
LESSON 2 : RECOGNIZING
POTENTIAL MARKET
SOURCE OF SOURCES OF
ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES
 CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT -
External environment refers to the physical
environment, societal environment, and
industry environment where the business
operates
 Physical Environment - Climate, Wildlife,
Natural Resources
 Societal Environment - Political Forces,
Economic Forces, Sociocoltural Forces,
Technological Forces
 Industry Environment - Competitors,
Customers, Creditors, Suppliers,
Government Employees
 TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERY AND
ADVANCEMENT - A person with
entrepreneurial interest sees possibility of
business opportunities in any new discovery
or because of the use of latest technology.
 GOVERNMENTS THRUST PROGRAMS.
AND POLICIES - The government can
make changes in fiscal policy which leads
to changes in taxes, trade, subsidies,
regulations, interest rates, licensing and
more.
 PEOPLE'S INTERESTS - The interest,
hobbies, and preferences of people are rich
sources of entrepreneurial ideas Successful
entrepreneurs are the ones that
continuously try to boost their relevance by
connecting with the latest trends
 WORK EXPERIENCE - The expertise and
skills developed by a person who has
worked in a particular field may lead tothe
opening of related business enterprise.
5 FORCES OF COMPETITION
 Buyers
 New Entrants
 Existing Firms
 Suppliers
 Substitute
SHANE OCERA || GRADE 12 - LYRA
 FINAL EXAMINATION REVIEWER
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
STEM 12 | 1st SEM - 2ND GRADING
LESSON 3 : MARKET VALUE
PROPOSITION & UNIQUE
SELLING PROPOSITION
VALUE PROPOSITION (VP)
 is a business or marketing statement that
summarizes why a consumer should buy a
company's product or use its service.
 used to convince a customer to purchase a
particular product or service
UNIQUE SELLING PROPOSITION (SP)
 a statement you choose to embody your
products so they can be easily remembered
"Basta Radyo, Bombo"
"Hari ng Padala" LBC
"Ang burger ng Bayan" Angel’s Burger
"Kapuso ng bawat Pilipino." GMA
"Pambansang Litsong Manok" Andok’s
"Nakasisiguro gamot ay laging bago." Mercury
"Ito ang tama" Red horse Beer
"We've got it all for you." SM
"Tamis Anghang" UFC Banana Ketchup
"Abot mo ang Mundo" Globe Telecom
"Kailangan pa bang i-memoriza yan?" Love
Radio
"It's time every Juan flies." Cebu pacific Air
"Hindi umaatras ang may tunay na lakas." Cobra
MARKET TARGETING
 is a specific group of potential
customers that a business aims to reach
with its products or services.
 allows you to focus your marketing money
and brand message on a specific market
that is more likely to buy from you
MARKET SEGMENTS
 GEOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION - 
Climate, Dominant ethnic group, Culture,
Density
 DEMOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION - METHOD
Gender, Age, Income, Occupation,
Education, Religion, Ethnic Group, Family
Size
 PSYCHOLOGICAL SEGMENTATION -
Needs and Wants, Attitudes, Personality,
Social Class, Lifestyle
MARKET SIZE
Market size is like a size of arena where the
entrepreneurs will play their business. It is the
approximate number of sellers and buyers in
a particular market.
LESSON 4 : 4 M’S
OF PRODUCTION
MANPOWER
talks about human labor force involved in the
manufacture of products. It is measured as the
most serious and main factor of production.
Criteria to be considered in choosing
manpower:
 Educational qualifications
 Work experience
 status of employment
 number of workers required
 skills and expertise required for the job
MATERIALS
This refers to the raw components necessary
in the production of a product. Materials
mainly form part of the finished product. Just in
case the resources are below standard, the
finished product will unsatisfactory as well.
Criteria to be considered in choosing
materials:
 Cost
 Quality
 Availability
 Credibility of suppliers
 Waste that the raw materials may produce.
MACHINE
Is about manufacturing equipment used in the
production of goods or delivery of services.
Criteria to be considered in choosing
machines:
 Types of products to be produced
 Production system to be adopted
 Cost of the equipment
 Capacity and efficiency of the equipment
Availability of spare parts
 Skills required in running the equipment..
is the process or way of transforming raw
materials to finished products. The resources
undergo various stages before it is finalized and
become set for delivery to the target buyers.
Criteria to be considered in choosing
production method:
 Product to produce
 Mode of production
 Manufacturing equipment to use
 Required skills to do the work.
The product is the physical output of the whole
production process.
SHANE OCERA || GRADE 12 - LYRA
 FINAL EXAMINATION REVIEWER
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
STEM 12 | 1st SEM - 2ND GRADING

5. PEOPLE
People are the ultimate marketing strategy. They
LESSON 5 : MARKET MIX are the ones who sell and push the product.
 The people rendering the service must be
1. PRODUCT
competent and skilled enough so that that
Product refers to any goods or services that are
the clients will patronize your service.
produced to meet the consumers' wants, tastes
 Training of staff
and preferences.
 Internal relations
 Design
 Customer service
 Quality
 Appearance and attitudes of staff
 Features
 The accessibility of people
 Technology
 Customer-customer contacts
 Value
 Services
6. PACKAGING
 Warranties
the outside appearance of a product and how it is
 Returns
presented to the customers
2. PRICE
7. PHYSICAL EVIDENCE - AMBIENCE
the value of money in exchange for a product or
The "environment" or atmosphere in which the
service. This is the amount or value that a
service is delivered
customer gives up to enjoy the benefits of having
 Buildings
or using a product or service.
 Furnishings/décor
 List price
 Layout
 Discount
 Goods associated with the service e.g.
 Allowances
carrier bags, tickets brochures
 Payment period
 Payment methods (degree of convenience)
 Credit terms

3. PLACE / DISTRIBUTION
the location where the buyer and seller exchange
goods or services. It is also called as the
distribution channel.
 Retail/Wholesale
 Channels
 Coverage
 Locations
 Inventory
 Transport

4. PROMOTION
the complete set of activities, which
communicate the product, brand or service to the
user. The idea is to attract people to buy your
product over others.
 Special Offers
 Advertising
 Personal selling
 Sales promotion
 Public relations
 Direct Marketing

Types of Advertising
1. Broadcast Media (Television, Radio)
2. Print Media (Newspaper, Magazine)
3. Support Media (Bus Benches, Directories)
4. Direct Marketing (Direct Mail, Cold Calling,
Email Marketing)
5. Product Placement
6. Social Media Advertising
7. Influencer Advertisement

SHANE OCERA || GRADE 12 - LYRA