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Solving Simultaneous Equations Guide

This document provides an overview of solving simultaneous linear equations in two variables. It describes the elimination and substitution methods for solving pairs of simultaneous equations. Examples of each method are shown. Word problems involving simultaneous equations are also discussed.

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solomon celestine
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69 views4 pages

Solving Simultaneous Equations Guide

This document provides an overview of solving simultaneous linear equations in two variables. It describes the elimination and substitution methods for solving pairs of simultaneous equations. Examples of each method are shown. Word problems involving simultaneous equations are also discussed.

Uploaded by

solomon celestine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MATHEMATICS REVIEW LESSON

SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS

Two Linear equations in two variables are called simultaneous linear equations in two
variables. We solve a simultaneous equations by looking for the values of two
unknowns. x y constant(doesn’t have x nor y variable)

Examples are: 3x – 2y = 5 (1) (ii) x + y = 9 etc

(Coefficient) 2x + 4y = 6 (2) x–y=7

Method of Solving linear Simultaneous Equations

1. Elimination Method:

Examples: solve the equations LHS RHS

5x-2y=16, ---- 1

3x+4y+6=0 ---------2

Solution

5x-2y =16 ---------(1) 3* 5X - 3*2Y = 3*16

3x+4y = -6 ------------(2) 5* 3X +5*4Y = 5* -6

We eliminate x as follows

3 x (1) 15x – 6y = 48 (3)

5 x (2) 15x + 20y = -30 (4) SUBTRACT THEM EQU (3) -(4)

(15X-15X) +(– 6y -20Y) = 48- (-30) -*-=+

- 26Y = 78
−26 y 78
−26 = −26

Y = -3

Sub y = -3 into (1) have 5X- 2Y = 16

5x-2(-3) =16

5x+6 =16

5x = 16 – 6

5x = 10 ; x=2

y = -3 and x = 2

Exercise: Solve x + y = 12 and x – y = 6 (ii) 2x + y = 10 and x – y = 2

(iii) 2x + 3y = 11, 4x + y = 12Using elimination method

Substitution method

Example: 5x-2y=16 (1)

3x+4y= -6 (2)

From (1) 5X - 2Y = 16 5X - 16 = 2Y

2y=5x – 16

5 x −16
Y=
2
(3)

Sub (3) into (2) gives 3x + 4y = -6, multiply by 2


3X +4Y = -6

5 x −16 5 x −16
3x + 4( ) = -6 Multiply everything by 2 2 * 4( ) = 4(5x-
2 2
16)

6x + 20x- 64= -12

26x - 64 = -12 -12 +64 = 52

CLT

26x =52

X=2

5 x −16
From (3) Y=
2

5(2)− 16 10− 16
Y= =
2
= y = -3
2

Therefore x= 2, y = -3

Exercise: Solve the following pairs simultaneous equations by substitution method.

(a) 2x+5y=6

5x-2y=9

(b) y=3x,

4y=5x+14.

Word Problems involving Simultaneous Linear Equations

(1) The perimeter of a rectangle is 102m. The difference between the length of the
rectangle and its breadth is 9m. Find the length and breadth of the rectangle.
Solution

Let length = L, breadth = b

Perimeter = 2(L + b) = 102

2L + 2b = 102 (1)

also L – b = 9 (2)

WE ELIMINATE LENGTH L,

1x 2L + 2b = 102 (3)

2x 2L – 2b = 18 (4)

SUBTRACT THEM EQU 3- 4

(2L - 2L) + (2b- (-2b) ) = 102- 18

4b = 84

b = 21m

Sub b in equation (2) L – b = 9

L – 21 = 9

L = 9 + 21

L = 30m b = 21m , L = 30m

bb

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