MATHEMATICS 8

Direction: Read the following and answer the activity below.

Mathematical System

Mathematical System is composed of undefined terms, definitions, unproved statement and

theorems.
A typical mathematical system has the following four parts:
Think about the following
sequence of the statements.
Undefined terms are the starting point of the mathematical
If you are asked to define
system. They used to define or explain other terms or concepts
a triangle, you may say that,
in the system.
A triangle is a polygon with three Example. In geometry, the point, line plane are the
sides undefined terms. Although they are undefined terms, they can
be given meanings by the use of descriptions.
What is a polygon? A polygon is
a closed figure composed of line Defined Terms are terms defined using undefined terms and
segments other defined terms
What is a line segment? A line Example 1. A triangle is polygon with 3 sides
segment is the part of the line Example 2: A triangle is a closed figure composed of
between two endpoints and line segments
including the endpoints.
So, what is a line? A line may Postulates or Axioms are assumptions or statements whose
be described as a figure truth is accepted or assumed without proof. These statements
extending indefinitely on both are used to deduce other statements.
directions and having no Example 1. Two distinct points determine a unique line
thickness nor width. Example 2. A quantity is equal to itself

Notice that in the above
statements
A triangle was defined in
terms of a polygon, a polygon in
terms of line segments, the line
segments in terms of line.
The line and the other
defined terms are part of the
mathematical system.
Theorems are statements that have been proven using
postulates, definitions, other established theorems, and logic.
These can also be used to prove other theorems.
Example 1. The Pythagorean Theorem: In a right
triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of
the squares of the other two sides
Example 2. Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic: Any
natural number except 1 is either a prime number, or can be
expressed as a product of prime numbers.

Activity: Try Me!

Direction: With your group mates, compose a Math Jingle describing mathematical statement and its
parts and present it on February 6, 2024 during our class. (You can use Blaan, Cebuano, Tagalog, or
English. Make sure to provide a copy with translation if you use Blaan). Please be guided with the
groupings below. (30pts)

Group 1 Group 2
Martin, Divine Grace Bangit, Trixie
Bancil, Rhea Jane Tang Angel Grace
Pamolino, Jedan Waloc, Katrina
Tang, Merafe Bagil, Isabel
Gunao, Venjeans Waloc, Jones Lee
Bituka, Dream Heart Lebanon, Reymart
Lebanon, Jaycard Sulang, ALjie
Tanting, Jhanber Palasanon, Jaymar
Pandamon, Albert Pandamon, Irene