ACTIVITY NO.

Answer Long Quiz, page 30-33

Part I. item nos. 1-10,
Part II. Item nos. 1-10,
Part III. Item nos. 1-6
Part IV. Item nos. 1-6
from your module Smart Class 9
MIDPOINT FORMULA
DISTANCE
FORMULA
 ACTIVITY NO. 4

Answer Activity: Mathematical

Distancing, page 72
Letter A, item nos. 1-5
from your module Smart Class 10
GEOMETRY
As a Mathematical System
 Undefined Terms

Four Parts of Defined Terms/Definitions

Mathematical
System Axioms and Postulates

Theorems
 • Undefined terms are terms that are left
Undefined undefined in the system. Instead of providing
Terms a definition for them, we resort to a
description, illustration, or demonstration.
Examples:
• Point - represented by a dot, it has no length,
width, or thickness.
• Line - represented by a straight line with two
arrowheads, it has no thickness, but its length
extends and goes on forever in both directions.
Why Undefined
terms?
• How do you define the first word without
other words?
• Have you ever looked up a word that was
explained in terms of another word that you
did not know?
• Have you looked up the new word to find
that it was defined in terms or the first word?
• This can be a real problem. In foreign
languages this happens all the time. This also
happens in geometry.
Defined • Definitions or defined terms on the other
Terms or hand are terms defined from the undefined
terms in the system.
definitions
Examples:
• Angle - A figure formed by two rays, called the
sides of the angle, sharing a common endpoint,
called the vertex of the angle.
• Parallel lines - Lines in a plane which do not
meet.
 • Early Greeks considered postulates as
general truths common to all studies and
axioms as the truths relating to the special
study at hand.
Axioms and • The word "axiom" can be used
interchangeably with "postulate." If a
Postulates statement is an axiom, it is regarded as
true whether it makes sense or not.
• Postulates are statements that are
considered true without proof or
validation.
Examples:
• Postulate: Through any two points there is
exactly one line.
• Postulate: If two lines intersect, then they
intersect at exactly one point.
• These statements need not to be proven.
 • Theorems are statements proved to
Theorems be true using postulates, definitions,
other established theorems, and logic.
Examples:
• Vertical Angles Theorem: Vertical angles are equal in measure.
Proof:
 SUMMARY
A mathematical system is a system composed of the following:
• Undefined terms: Terms that have no definition, but instead are either
described or illustrated.
• Definitions or Defined terms: Terms that are defined using undefined
terms in the system.
• Axioms or Postulates: Statements that are considered true without
proof or validation.
• Theorems: Statements proved to be true using postulates, definitions,
other established theorems, and logic.
 ACTIVITY NO. 4

A. Answer the following questions:

1. What are the four parts of mathematical system?
2. What is the difference between a postulate and a
theorem?
3. Discuss the importance of each part of a
mathematical system.
 ACTIVITY NO. 4

B. Illustrate the different terms in Geometry by

drawing an example.
1. point 6. angle
2. line 7. triangle
3. ray
4. segment
5. plane
 ACTIVITY NO. 6

Answer Long Quiz, page 72-73

Part I. item nos. 1-5,
Part II. Item nos. 1-15,
Letter C. Item nos. 1-2
from your module Smart Class 7