G8 Math Q3 Module-1

8
MATHEMATICS
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Mathematical System - Undefined Terms
Self-Learning Module
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of axiomatic structure of

geometry and triangle congruence.
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learner is able to formulate an organized plan to handle a real-life situation.
OBJECTIVES
After using this module, you are expected to:
1. describe a mathematical system;

2. construct an axiomatic structure of a mathematical system;
3. write a description of a point, a line, and a plane;
4. name a point, a line, and a plane.
LEARNING COMPETENCIES
▪ Describes a mathematical system. (M8GE-IIIa-1)

▪ Illustrates the need for an axiomatic structure of a mathematical system in general,
and in Geometry in particular: (a) undefined terms; (b) defined terms; (c)
postulates; and (d) theorems. (M8GE-IIIa-c-1)
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

1|P age
LESSON 1
Mathematical System
WHAT’S IN
Activity 1
Given the picture below, answer the following questions that follow.
Questions:
1. What do you see in the picture?

2. What branch of mathematics does the picture illustrates?

2|P age
WHAT’S NEW
Activity 2
Make a schematic diagram of the given geometric terms below based on your prior knowledge.
WHAT IS IT
Mathematical System (Axiomatic system) is any set of axioms from which some or all axioms
can be used in conjunction to logically derive theorems.
The four parts of a mathematical system are:

1. Undefined terms
2. Defined terms
3. Axioms or Postulates
4. Theorems
The following mathematical terms that are important in relation to mathematical system in
geometry.
▪ Postulate – is a statement that is taken to be true, to serve as a premise or
starting point for further reasoning and arguments.
▪ Axiom – is any mathematical statement that serves as a starting point from
which other statements are logically derived.
▪ Axiomatic System – is any set of axioms from which some or all axioms can
be used in conjunction to logically derived theorems.
▪ Theorem – is a statement proven based on axioms, other theorems, and
some set of logical connectives.
▪ Corollary – is a theorem that is usually considered as an easy consequence or
result of another theorem.
▪ Lemma – is generally used to describe an auxiliary fact that is used in the
proof of more significant result.

3|P age
WHAT’S MORE
Activity 3
Given the schematic diagram of the Mathematical System, fill in each box with the given
terms below.
Axiom Postulate Axiomatic System Plane

Theorem Corollary Three Undefined Terms Point
Lemma Defined Terms Five Postulates Line

4|P age
LESSON 2
Undefined Terms
WHAT’S IN
Activity 1
Given the following geometric terms, loop or encircle the terms which are considered as
undefined terms.
ANGLE POINT MIDPOINT
TRIANGLE POLYGON PLANE
LINE RAY LINE SEGMENT
WHAT’S NEW
Activity 2
Describe each undefined term. Write each description to the specified column below.
Descriptions of point, line, and plane are given on the next page.
POINT LINE PLANE

5|P age
DESCRIPTIONS
It has two dimensions.

It has no thickness.
It forms a flat surface extending infinitely in all directions.
It has infinite length, no width, and no thickness.
It is usually named with a capital letter.
It has no length, no width, and no thickness.
It goes on infinitely in both directions.
It indicates a location or a position in space.
It has infinite length, infinite width, and no thickness.
It has no dimension or actual size.
It is drawn with arrowheads on both ends.
WHAT IS IT
In a mathematical system, we came across with many terms which cannot be

precisely defined. In geometry, we accept certain undefined terms. These are: point, line,
and plane.
A point is a specific location. It has no size meaning it has no width, no length and no
thickness. A dot is used to represent a point. It can be named using a single capital letter like
points A, B, and C.
A line is a straight one-dimensional figure with no thickness and extends infinitely in

both directions. A line can be named using two capital letters like line AB (AB⃡ ), line CD (CD
⃡ )
⃡ ). It can also be named using a single script letter like line m, line n, and line
and line XY (XY
l.

6|P age
A plane is a flat, two-dimensional surface, has no thickness, and goes on forever. It
is named by the three points in the plane that are not on the same line, example plane ABC.
It can also be named using a single capital letter like plane D.
WHAT’S MORE
Activity 3
A. Classify the following as Point, Line, or Plane. Write your answer on the space provided.
1. Corner of the classroom ___________

2. Speck of dust ___________
3. Chinese garter ___________
4. Blackboard ___________
5. Ceiling ___________
B. Given the illustration at the right, give what is asked.
1. Name at least 5 points.

________________________________
2. Name the 3 lines using two points on the line.

________________________________
3. Name the 3 lines using one script letter.

________________________________
4. Name the plane in two different ways.

________________________________

7|P age
SUM UP
Let’s summarize. You have learned that:
1. A mathematical system is any set of axioms from which some or all axioms can be used in
conjunction to logically derive theorems.
2. There are four parts of a mathematical system. These are: undefined terms, defined terms,
axioms/postulates, and theorems.
3. Some terms in geometry were considered undefined. These are:

a) Point
• It is a specific location in space.
• It has no size meaning no width, no length, and no thickness.
b) Line
• A straight one-dimensional figure with no thickness and extends infinitely in
both directions.
c) Plane
• It is a flat, two-dimensional surface that has no thickness and goes on forever.
4. In geometry, defined terms are terms that have a formal definition and can be defined
using other geometric terms.
5. Axiom/Postulate is a statement that is taken as true, to serve as a premise or starting point

for further reasoning and arguments.
6. Theorem is a statement proven based on axioms, other theorems, and some set of logical
connectives.

8|P age
9|P age
Lesson 1 – Mathematical System
What’s In – Activity 1
1. different shapes like circle, triangle, triangular prism, and other geometric figures like
point, line, line segment
2. ______________
What’s New – Activity 2
What’s More – Activity 3
ANSWER KEY
3. Line
2. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. Plane 2. ______
B. 1. P, M, T, Q, R, N 3. line j, line g, line h 4. ______ A. 1. Point
What’s More – Activity 3
directions.
extending infinitely in all arrowheads on both ends. position in space.
It forms a flat surface It is drawn with It indicates a location or a
width, and no thickness. capital letter.

It has two dimensions. It has infinite length, no It is usually named with a
PLANE LINE POINT
What’s New – Activity 2
Point, ________, ________
What’s In – Activity 1
Lesson 2– Undefined Terms
REFERENCES:
Orines, Fernando B., Jesus P. Mercado, and Josephine V. Suzara. Next Century Mathematics.
Geometry. Quezon City, Philippines: Phoenix Publishing House Inc., 2008: pages 2-13
https://pdfcoffee.com/8-m8al-iiia-1axiomatic-structure-of-mathematical-systemdocx-pdf-free.html.
https://brainly.ph/question/12563698.
https://learning-ph.com/math/question12540073.
https://quizlet.com/135463831/ch-9-pre-algebra-real-numbers-and-right-triangles-vocabulary-author-glencoe-flash-cards/

10 | P a g e
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Division of Mandaue City
Plaridel St., Centro, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines 6014
Telephone Nos.: (032) 345 – 0545 | (032) 505 – 6337
E-mail Address: mandaue.city001@deped.gov.ph
Website: https://depedmandaue.net

11 | P a g e

G8 Math Q3 Module-1

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The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of axiomatic structure of

The learner is able to formulate an organized plan to handle a real-life situation.

After using this module, you are expected to:

1. describe a mathematical system;

▪ Describes a mathematical system. (M8GE-IIIa-1)

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

1. What do you see in the picture?

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

The four parts of a mathematical system are:

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

Axiom Postulate Axiomatic System Plane

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

ANGLE POINT MIDPOINT

TRIANGLE POLYGON PLANE

LINE RAY LINE SEGMENT

POINT LINE PLANE

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

It has two dimensions.

In a mathematical system, we came across with many terms which cannot be

A line is a straight one-dimensional figure with no thickness and extends infinitely in

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

1. Corner of the classroom ___________

B. Given the illustration at the right, give what is asked.

1. Name at least 5 points.

2. Name the 3 lines using two points on the line.

3. Name the 3 lines using one script letter.

4. Name the plane in two different ways.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

Let’s summarize. You have learned that:

3. Some terms in geometry were considered undefined. These are:

5. Axiom/Postulate is a statement that is taken as true, to serve as a premise or starting point

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

What’s More – Activity 3

width, and no thickness. capital letter.

PLANE LINE POINT

What’s New – Activity 2

Point, ________, ________

Lesson 2– Undefined Terms

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION | DIVISION OF MANDAUE CITY

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Point, ,