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FARMER
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AGRARIAN REFORM ON
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
▪ The Agrarian Reform Program
▪ Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law
▪ Comprehensive Agrarian Reform
Program and other related
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. Introduction of Agrarian Reform Program 01
B. The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law 02
C. History of development of the Comprehensive Agrarian 03
Reform Program 04

a. vAGDGJ
D. Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program extension with 05
reforms(CARPER)
06
E. Important Provisions of Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law
07
F. Agrarian Reform in the Philippines 2023 and other related 08
news .
G. Importance of Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
OBJECTIVES
01

• Define Agrarian Reform Program and 02

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Law; 03

04
• Familiarize the history of development of CARP;

v
05
and 06
• Discuss the importance of Agrarian Reform 07
Program and CARP. 08
 01

02

03
WHAT IS AGRARIAN 04

REFORM PROGRAM? 06
05

06

07

08
 01

02

INTRODUCTION OF 03

04

AGRARIAN REFORM 05

PROGRAM
06

07

08
 What is Agrarian
01

EARLY 17TH CENTURY 02

FRENCH: agrarienne LATIN: agrarius ager(“a 03

field”) 04
AGRARIAN 05

06

▪ Relating to cultivated land or the cultivation (Oxford 07

Dictionary). 08
 Agrarian Reform in the Philippines 01

02
Agrarian reform in the Philippines seeks to solve the
03
centuries-old problem of landlessness in rural areas.
Agrarian reform in the Philippines seeks to solve the centuries-old problem of landlessness in rural areas. 04
Through
Through the Agrarian
the Comprehensive Comprehensive
Reform Program (CARP) Agrarian
initiated in 1987,Reform
the government
addressed key national goals: the promotion of equity and social justice, food security and poverty 05
Program
alleviation (CARP)Afterinitiated
in the countryside. inthe1987,
over 14 years of thethegovernment
CARP, however, programme is yet to be
completed and is currently burdened with major issues - from opposition by landlords and lack of support 06
addressed
from key
legislators, to wide national
gaps in fund resources. goals: the promotion of
07
equity and social justice, food security and
08
poverty alleviation in the countryside (E.A
Guardian,n.d.-c)
Agrarian Reform Program 01

02
The agrarian reform program is founded on 03
the right of farmers and regular farmworkers, 04

who are landless, to own directly or 05

collectively the lands they till or, in the case of 06

other farm workers, to receive a just share of 07

the fruits thereof. 08

Primary objectives of Agrarian
Reform Program 01

02

o Land Redistribution 03

o Tenure Security 04

o Improved Livelihoods 05

o Social Justice 06

07
o Agricultural Productivity
08
o Rural Development
REPUBLIC ACT (RA)6657 OR THE COMPREHENSIVE
AGRARIAN REFORM LAW (CARL)
01

02
The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform 03
Program, more commonly known as 04
CARP, is an agrarian reform law of the 05
Philippines whose legal basis is the
06
Republic Act No. 6657, otherwise
07
known as the Comprehensive Agrarian
08
Reform Law (CARL).
REPUBLIC ACT (RA)6657 OR THE COMPREHENSIVE
AGRARIAN REFORM LAW (CARL)
01

02

The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform 03

Law (CARL) was signed into law by 04

President Corazon C. Aquino on 10 05
June 1988 in response to response to 06
peasants’ call for equitable access to 07
land. 08
 Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988
01

It covers all public and private agricultural 02

lands, regardless of tenurial arrangement and 03

commodity produced. The work-beneficiaries 04

through cooperative or association may 05

collectively own the land when it is not 06

economically feasible to divide. The 07
distribution of all lands covered by the law 08
shall be completed within 10 years.
 Who are the beneficiaries of agrarian
reform in the Philippines? 01

02

o 6657, as amended, and Republic Act No. 03

3844, as amended, only farmers (tenants or 04

lessees) and regular farmworkers actually 05

tilling the lands, as certified under oath by 06

the Barangay Agrarian Reform Council (BARC) 07

and attested under oath by the landowners, 08
are the qualified beneficiaries (Arellano Law
Foundation - ITC Web Development Team, n.d.)
What is the maximum number of lands to be
01
given to the beneficiaries of the CARP?
02

o According to R.A 6657-(LawPhil),

03

04

Section 23.— No qualified 05

beneficiary may own more than 06

three (3) hectares of agricultural 07

land.
08
AGRARIAN REFORM IN THE
PHILIPPINES 2023 01

02
RA 11953 or the New Agrarian Emancipation Act of 2023
03
• Signed into law on July 9, 2023, the NAEA condones all 04
agrarian reform debt incurred by agrarian reform 05

beneficiaries (ARBs) from the lands awarded to them by the 06

government. The condonation covers an estimated 1.173 07

million hectares of land that will benefit an estimated 08

610,054 ARBs who incurred an estimated P57.

DATA: INVENTORY OF CARP ACCOMPLISHMENT of
Northern Municipalities in the Province of Palawan
01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08
01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08
01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08
01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08
 01

02

HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF 03

04

THE COMPREHENSIVE 05

AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAM 06

07

08
History of Development of the Comprehensive
Agrarian Reform Program(CARP) 01

Contents: 02

03
➢ Pre-Spanish Period ➢ American Period 04
➢ Spanish Period ➢ Commonwealth Period 06
05
➢ First Philippine ➢ Japanese Occupation 06
Republic ➢ Philippine Republic 07

08
Pre-Spanish Period
01

“This land is Ours God gave this 02

land to us” 03

04

06
05
▪ Then came the maharlikas (freemen), followed by
06
the aliping mamamahay (serfs) and aliping
07
saguiguilid (slaves).
08
Spanish Period 01

02
“United we stand, divided we fall”
03

04

06
05

▪ Encomienda (Royal Land Grants). 06

▪ Encomienderos 07

▪ Indios (native). 08
First Philippine Republic 01

02
“The yoke has finally broken” 03

▪ Friar lands - When the First 04

Philippine Republic was 06

05

established in 1899, Gen. Emilio 06

Aguinaldo declared in the Malolos 07

Constitution his intention to 08
confiscate large estates
American Period
01
“Long live America”
02

03

04
▪ Torrens Sytem- Land registration Philippine
06
05
Bill of 1902
06
▪ Rice Tenancy Contracts Act
07
▪ Sugar Cane Tenancy Contracts Act
08
Commonwealth Period
01

“Government for the Filipinos”

02

03

04

▪ President Manuel L. Quezon espoused the 06

05

"Social Justice" program to arrest the 06

increasing social unrest in Central Luzon. 07

08
Commonwealth Period
01

02

03
Other Programs Related:
04

06
05
▪ National Rice and Corn Corporation (1936)
06
▪ Rural Program Administration
07
▪ National Land Settlement Administration
08
Japanese Occupation
“The Era of Hukbalahap” 01

02

03

04

▪ Hukbalahap - controlled whole areas of Central 06

05

Luzon 06

▪ Huks - earned fixed rentals in favor of the tenants. 07

08
Philippine Republic
01

“The New Republic” 02

03

04
After the establishment of the
06
05
Philippine Independence in
06
1946, the problems of land
07
tenure remained. 08
Philippine Republic
01

02
President Manuel A. Roxas (1946-1948) enacted the
03
following laws:
04
▪ Republic Act No. 34 -- Established the 70-30 sharing
06
05
arrangements and regulating share-tenancy contracts.
06
▪ Republic Act No. 55 -- Provided for a more effective 07
safeguard against arbitrary ejectment of tenants.
08
Philippine Republic
01
Elpidio R. Quirino (1948-1953)
02
enacted the following law: 03

Executive Order No. 355 issued on October 23, 1950 04

-- Replaced the National Land Settlement 06

05

Administration with Land Settlement Development 06

Corporation (LASEDECO). 07

08
Philippine Republic
01
Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957) enacted the following laws:
02

03
• Republic Act No. 1160 of 1954
04
• Republic Act No. 1199 (Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954)
• Republic Act No. 1400 (Land Reform Act of 1955) 06
05

• Republic Act No. 821 (Creation of Agricultural Credit 06

Cooperative Financing Administration 07

08
Philippine Republic
President Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961) 01

02
Continued the program of President Ramon Magsaysay. No
03
new legislation passed.
04

President Diosdado P. Macapagal (1961-1965) enacted the 06

05

following law: 06

Republic Act No. 3844 of August 8, 1963 (Agricultural Land 07

Reform Code) 08
 Philippine Republic 01

02
President Ferdinand E. Marcos (1965-1986) 03

Proclamation No. 1081 on September 21, 1972 04

ushered the Period of the New Society. 06

05

06

07

08
 President Corazon C. Aquino (1986-1992)
01

02
❑ Section 21 Article II - “The State shall promote
03
comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform.”
04
❑ On June 10, 1988, former President Corazon C. Aquino
06
05
signed into law Republic Act No. 6657 or otherwise known
06
as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL).
07
❑ The law became effective on June 15, 1988. 08
 President Corazon C. Aquino (1986-1992)
01
President Corazon C. Aquino enacted the following laws: 02

• Executive Order No. 228, July 16, 1987 03

• Executive Order No. 229, July 22, 1987) 04
• Proclamation No. 131, July 22, 1987
06
05
• Executive Order No. 129-A, July 26, 1987
06
• Republic Act No. 6657, June 10, 1988 (Comprehensive Agrarian
07
Reform Law)
• Executive Order No. 405, June 14, 1990 08

• Executive Order No. 407, June 14, 1990

Philippine Republic 01

Fidel V. Ramos (1992-1998) 02

03
His administration committed to the vision
.
04
“Fairer, faster and more meaningful 06
05

implementation of the Agrarian Reform 06

Program. 07

08
Philippine Republic
01
President Fidel V. Ramos enacted the following laws:
02
▪ Republic Act No. 7881, 1995 03

▪ .Republic Act No. 7905, 1995 04

▪ Executive Order No. 363, 1997 06

05

06
▪ Republic Act No. 8435, 1997 (Agriculture and
07
Fisheries Modernization Act AFMA)
08

▪ Republic Act 8532, 1998 (Agrarian Reform Fund

Bill)
Philippine Republic
President Joseph E. Estrada (1998-2000) 01

“ERAP PARA SA MAHIRAP’’ 02

President Joseph E. Estrada initiated the enactment of the following 03

law: 04

▪ Executive Order N0. 151, September 1999 (Farmer’s Trust Fund) 06

05

▪ Magkabalikat Para sa Kaunlarang Agraryo or MAGKASAKA. 06

During his administration, President Estrada launched this. 07

08
Philippine Republic
01
President Gloria Macapacal-Arroyo (2000-2010)
02

03
▪ Land Tenure Improvement Provision of Support 04
Services Infrastrucre Projects 06
05

▪ KALAHI ARZone 06

▪ Agrarian Justice 07

08
Philippine Republic
President Benigno Aquino III (2010-2016) 01

02
❑ The younger Aquino distributed their family-
03
owned Hacienda Luisita in Tarlac.
04
❑ Agrarian Reform Community Connectivity and
06
05
Economic Support Services (ARCCESS).
06
❑ Agrarian Production Credit Program (APCP) 07

❑ The legal case monitoring system (LCMS). 08

President Rodrigo Roa Duterte (2016 –2022)
01

02

• Under his leadership, the President wants 03

to pursue an “aggressive” land reform

04

05
program. 06

07

08
 President Rodrigo Roa Duterte (2016 –2022) 01

02
❑ The President also placed 400 hectares of agricultural
03
lands in Boracay under CARP.
04
❑ Oplan Zero Backlog - The resolution of cases in 05
relation to agrarian justice delivery of the agrarian
06
reform program to fast-track the implementation of
07
CARP.
08
 Ferdinand “Bongbong” Romualdez Marcos Jr. 01

(June 30, 2022 – Present) 02

03
❑ He urged Congress to pass a law to amend section 26
04
of Republic Act No. 6657 to free the agrarian reform
05
beneficiaries (ARBs) from their debts where loans of
06
ARBs with unpaid amortization and interest will be
07
condoned.
08
 01

02
COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN 03

REFORM PROGRAM AND 04

05
OTHER RELATED 06

07

08
COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAM
EXTENSION WITH REFORMS(CARPER) AND R.A 01
NO. 9700 02

03

o These initiatives aimed to address issues and 04

challenges faced during the implementation 05

of CARP, ensuring that the objectives of land 06

distribution and rural development were 07

08
met.
THE IMPORTANT PROVISIONS OF
01
COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN REFORM LAW
02

o To address the limitations of the previous 03

programs that had been focused on land 04

05
distribution, by incorporating a package of
06
support services in land redistribution.
07

08
 01
The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) 02
• land tenure improvement 03

• Agrarian justice 04

• Coordinated delivery of essential support 05

services to client-beneficiaries. 06

07

08
 WHAT IS DAR?
01
The Department of Agrarian Reform is the 02
lead government agency that holds and 03
implements comprehensive and genuine 04
agrarian reform which actualizes equitable 05
land distribution, ownership, agricultural 06
productivity, and tenurial security for, of 07
and with the tillers of the land towards the 08
improvement of their quality of life.
 01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08
DAR MUNICIPAL OFFICE,
SANDOVAL ST. BGY. II,
ROXAS,PALAWAN
 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED 01

02

▪ The government’s Comprehensive Agrarian 03

Reform Program (CARP) has triggered 04

05
severe fragmentation of agricultural lands; 06
and 07

▪ Ultimately disempowering farmers. 08

MAJOR AGRICULTURAL PROBLEMS
▪ Small farm size 01

02
▪ Land Conversions
03
▪ Lack or absence irrigation systems
04
▪ Inadequate management programs on soil, pests and diseases
05
▪ Reduced farm labor
06
▪ Expensive and inappropriate agricultural and farming equipment
07
▪ Climate change and natural disasters
08
▪ Inadequate technology transfer mechanisms
 01

02

PREVIOUS ISSUES OF
03

04

AGRARIAN REFORM!
05

06

07

08
Land grabbing a
major indigenous 01

peoples problem in 02

Palawan 03

04

05

Easy breakdown 06

07
of the Hacienda 08
Luisita issue
 01

02

NEWS OF AGRARIAN
03

04

REFORM 2023!
05

06

07

08
o Farmers groups want Marcos gov’t to act on long 01
standing land reform.
02
o Pangasinan town farmers learn biz skills via DAR
03
program
quality of life.ng DAR ng mga titulo ng lupa sa
o Pamamahagi
04

05
mga magsasaka, bumilis
06
o 50 Negros Occidental household farms to get
07
potable water supply
08
o DAR chief promotes rabbit meat production,
consumption to farmers
o NEW OWNERS (2022)
A total of 124 Tarlac farmers receive
Certificates of Land Ownership Award from
the Department of Agrarian Reform in this
quality of life.
July 2022 photo. Secretary Conrado Estrella III
(arms raised, back row) led the event that also
coincided with the distribution of machinery
and equipment to Agrarian Reform Beneficiary
Organizations and graduation of 32 farmers
(Philippine News Agency, 2022).

(Courtesy of Liana Barela/PIA 3)

 AGRARIAN REFORM IN PALAWAN: FB
PAGE OF DAR-PALAWAN

Courtesy: FB page of DAR in Palawan

DAR Mimaropa Regional Office conducts

The release of certificate of
Environmental and social assessment of project
Condonation with Release of
split beneficiaries I Palawan on 26th-28th
Mortgage (CoCRoM)
September 2023
AGRARIAN REFORM IN PALALWAN: FB
OF DAR-PALAWAN

Courtesy BY: ARMAN BAGONGAN

08
AGRARIAN REFORM ORGANIZATIONS OF QUEZON, PALAWAN
COMPLETES LOAN PORFOLIO MANAGEMENT TRAINING
AGRARIAN REFORM IN PALALWAN: FB
PAGE OF DAR-PALAWAN

Courtesy by: Noida B. Ramos-Libiran 08

BENEFICIARIES OF ABAROAN (ARBs) MULTIPURPOSE COOPERATIVE IN

ROXAS, PALAWAN GRADUATED FROM FARM BUSINESS SCHOOL
 01

02

03

IMPORTANCE OF CARP
04

05

06

07

08
 SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON FARMER
01
BENEFICIARIES
02
➢Increased per capita incomes 03

➢Reduced poverty incidence 04

➢Higher investments in physical capital 05

➢Greater household welfare and productivity were 06

07
reported, aside from social justice and peace
08
attained in the countryside
 DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY 01

02
It has clearly benefited a significant portion of 03

the rural population through its various 04

programmes intended to alleviate poverty, 05

06
ensure food security, and empower people
07
towards the overall development of the country. 08
“Agriculture is the most 01

healthful, most useful and 02

most noble employment 03

of man.”
04

05

– George Washington 06

07

08
 01

SAAN AABOT
02

03

04

ANG SAGOT MO? 06

05

06

07

08
 01

02

WHY IS THE AGRARIAN 03

REFORM PROGRAM
04

06
05

IMPORTANT? 06

07

08
 01

02

03
HOW DOES THE CARP 04

HELP THE FARMERS ? 06

05

06

07

08
References

Patinio, F. (2023, July 24). Impact of access to land on food security and poverty: the case of Philippine agrarian reform[11] - E.A. Guardian. Philippine News Agency. Retrieved October 28,
https://www.fao.org/3/j0415t/j0415t08.htm#:~:text=The%20Comprehensive%20Agrarian%20Reform%20Program,-
The%20CARL%20set&text=The%20CARP%20covered%20all%20public,also%20to%20other%20landless%20poor.

Republic Act No. 6657 | GOVPH. (1988, June 10). Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1988/06/10/republic-act-no-6657/

Aquino, A. P. (2020, July 16). Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law: The Long Road to Agrarian Reform in the Philippines. FFTC Agricultural Policy Platform (FFTC-AP). https://ap.fftc.org.tw/article/513

Agrarian Reform history. (n.d.-b). Department of Agrarian Reform. https://www.dar.gov.ph/about-us/agrarian-reform-history/

ADB Independent Evaluation Department. (2015, December 15). Philippines: Agrarian Reform Communities Project. Asian Development Bank. https://www.adb.org/documents/philippines-agrarian-reform-communities-
project

Department of Agrarian Reform. (n.d.). dbm.gov.pj. Retrieved August 21, 2023, from https://www.dbm.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/OPCCB/OPIF_2007/dar.pdf

CARP did more harm than good to farm sector, says economist. (n.d.). https://www.pids.gov.ph/details/carp-did-more-harm-than-good-to-farm-sector-says-
economist#:~:text=The%20government's%20Comprehensive%20Agrarian%20Reform,can%20get%20their%20land%20titles.

Agrarian reform and the difficult road to peace in the Philippine countryside - Philippines. (2016, September 16). ReliefWeb. https://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/agrarian-reform-and-difficult-road-peace-philippine-
countryside

Press releases. (2022b, July 26). PIA. https://pia.gov.ph/press-releases/2022/07/26/agrarian-reform-program-must-continue-marcos-jr

Neil. (2023). Farmer groups want Marcos gov’t to act on longstanding land reform issues. Business World Online. https://www-bworldonline-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bworldonline.com/the-
nation/2023/03/29/513797/farmer-groups-want-marcos-govt-to-act-on-longstanding-land-reform-
issues/?amp=&_gsa=1&_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=16923189524608&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&share=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldon
line.com%2Fthe-nation%2F2023%2F03%2F29%2F513797%2Ffarmer-groups-want-marcos-govt-to-act-on-longstanding-land-reform-issues%2F

Magdayao, A. G. (2021). Land grabbing a major indigenous peoples problem in Palawan – NCIP. PALAWAN NEWS. https://palawan-news.com/land-grabbing-a-major-indigenous-peoples-problem-in-palawan-ncip/

Manyange, V. (2022). Full explanation of the Hacienda Luisita problem. Kami.com.ph - Philippines News. https://kami.com.ph/110477-hacienda-luisita-issue.html

Beltran, R. (2023). The challenges of Philippine agriculture. Visayan Daily Star. https://visayandailystar-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/visayandailystar.com/the-challenges-of-philippine-
agriculture/?amp=&_gsa=1&_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=16949912798882&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&share=https%3A%2F%2Fvisayandai
lystar.com%2Fthe-challenges-of-philippine-agriculture%2F
 MEMBERS 01

02

03

CALIMUTAN, JOAN F.
04

05

GREGORIO, ELLAH 06

MEÑOSA, ALEXES D. 07

08
THANK YOU!