NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 7

Science (Biology)
Chapter 1 - Nutrition in Plants

Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Organisms which prepare food for themselves using simple naturally
available raw materials are referred to as
a) Heterotrophs
b) Autotrophs
c) Parasites
d) Saprophytes
Ans: The correct option is (b).
Organisms which prepare food for themselves using simple naturally available raw
materials are referred to as Autotrophs, for example, green plants.

2. In the absence of which of the following will photosynthesis not occur in

leaves?
a) Guard cells
b) Chlorophyll
c) Vacuole
d) Space between cells
Ans: The correct option is (b).
The green color pigment present in the leaves of plants is known as Chlorophyll. Its
main function is to absorb energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy
by the process called photosynthesis.

3. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

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i) All green plants can prepare their own food.
ii) Most animals are autotrophs.
iii) Carbon dioxide is not required for photosynthesis.
iv) Oxygen is liberated during photosynthesis.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:
a) (i) and (iv)
b) (ii) only
c) (ii) and (iii)
d) (i) and (ii)
Ans: The correct option is (a).
All green plants prepare their own food by the process called photosynthesis during
which carbon dioxide is consumed or used and Oxygen is liberated or released.

4. Pitcher plant traps insects because it

a) Is a heterotroph.
b) Grows in soils which lack nitrogen.
c) Does not have chlorophyll.
d) Has a digestive system like human beings.
Ans: The correct option is (b).
Pitcher plants are insectivorous plants, i.e., they trap or eat insects because they grow
in soils that are nitrogen-deficient.

5. The term that is used for the mode of nutrition in yeast, mushroom and
bread-mould is
a) Autotrophic
b) Insectivorous

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c) Saprophytic
d) Parasitic
Ans: The correct option is (c).
Saprophytic is a type of nutrition in which organisms eat dead and decaying matter
and such organisms are called saprophytes, for example, Yeast, mushroom, and
bread mould.

6. When we observe the lower surface of a leaf through a magnifying lens we

see numerous small openings. Which of the following is the term given to such
openings?
a) Stomata
b) Lamina
c) Midrib
d) Veins
Ans: The correct option is (a).
Stomata are the tiny openings on the lower surface of the leaves and it helps the plant
to respire or exchange the gases and also helps to remove excess water through the
process called transpiration.

7. Two organisms are good friends and live together. One provides shelter,
water, and nutrients while the other prepares and provides food. Such an
association of organisms is termed as
a) Saprophyte
b) Parasite
c) Autotroph
d) Symbiosis
Ans: The correct option is (d).

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When two organisms (such as fungus and algae) live together or as friends and help
each other to survive, then this association is termed symbiosis.

8. Which of the following raw materials is available in the air for

photosynthesis?
a) Oxygen
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Nitrogen
d) Hydrogen
Ans: The correct option is (b).
Carbon dioxide, water, minerals and sunlight are the main raw materials used in
photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide is taken from the air, water, and minerals from the
roots and sunlight from the sun.

Very Short Answer Questions

9. Potato and ginger are both underground parts that store food. Where is the
food prepared in these plants?
Ans: Leaves are also called “Kitchen of the plant” so food is prepared in the leaves
in most of the plants even if the food storing parts are underground as in the case of
potato and ginger.

10. Photosynthesis requires chlorophyll, and a few other raw materials. Add
the missing raw materials to the list given below:
Water, minerals, (a)________, (b)________.
Ans: (a) Sunlight (b) Carbon dioxide.

Short Answer Questions

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11. A goat eats away all the leaves of a small plant (balsam). However, in a few
days, new leaves could be seen sprouting in the plant again. How did the plant
survive without leaves?
Ans: Plants produce an extra amount of food than required during Photosynthesis
and they store that extra prepared food in their storing organs in the form of Starch.
So in the absence of leaves when they can not perform Photosynthesis they consume
that stored food.

12. Unscramble the following to form terms related to modes of nutrition.

(i) RASPAEIT
Ans: PARASITE
(ii) ROPEHYTSAP
Ans: SAPROPHYTE
(iii) TOROPHAUT
Ans: AUTOTROPH
(iv) SIBIOMSYS
Ans: SYMBIOSIS

13. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth. But farmers who cultivate
pulse crops like green gram, Bengal gram, black gram, etc. do not apply
nitrogenous fertilizers during cultivation. Why?
Ans: These crops are called Leguminous crops. Leguminous crops have nitrogen-
fixing bacteria, for example, Rhizobium present in their roots. These nitrogen-fixing
bacteria fix the atmospheric nitrogen to be used by the plant.

14. Wheat dough, if left in the open, after a few days, starts to emit a foul smell
and becomes unfit for use. Give a reason.
Ans: When wheat dough is left uncovered for a few days, the carbohydrates present
in the wheat dough cause yeast or fungi to grow or reproduce on them. They break

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the carbohydrates into carbon dioxide and alcohol by the process called fermentation
giving out a foul smell.

15. Sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water and minerals are raw materials
essential for photosynthesis. Do you know where they are available?
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate raw materials.
(a) Available in the plant : _______________.
Ans: Chlorophyll.
(b) Available in the soil : _______________,________.
Ans: Water, minerals
(c) Available in the air: _______________.
Ans: Carbon dioxide
(d) Available during day : _______________.
Ans: Sunlight.

16. Observe the diagram given as Figure 1.1 and label the following terms given
in the box stomatal opening, guard cell

Ans: The answer is

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Long Answer Questions
17. Match the organisms given in Column I with their mode of nutrition given
in Column II.

Column I Column II

a) Mango tree i) Insectivorous plant

b) Mushroom ii) Heterotrophy
c) Pitcher plant iii) Autotroph
d) Cuscuta iv) Saprophyte
e) Elephant v) parasitic
Ans:

Column I Column II
a) Mango tree i) Autotroph
b) Mushroom ii) Saprophyte
c) Pitcher plant iii) Insectivorous plant

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 d) cuscuta iv) parasitic
e) Elephant v) Heterotrophy

18. Wild animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard do not eat plants. Does this
mean that they can survive without plants? Can you provide a suitable
explanation?
Ans: Yes, it is true that wild animals like tigers, wolves, lions, and leopards do not
eat plants but they eat plant-eating animals like goats, zebras, deer, etc. If there are
no plant-eating or herbivorous animals in that case flesh-eating or carnivorous
animals will also not survive. So indirectly wild animals depend on plants.

19. Fill in the blanks of the paragraph given below with the words provided in
the box.
Chlorophyll, energy, food, carbon dioxide, water, photosynthesis
Note: A word can be used more than once.
Leaves have a green pigment called ______(a)______ which captures
______(b)____ from sunlight. This ____(c)____ is used in the process of
_____(d)____ and along with other raw materials like _____(e)____ and
_____(f)____ synthesize ______(g)______ .
Ans: (a) Chlorophyll (b) Energy (c) Energy (d) Photosynthesis (e) Carbon dioxide
(f) Water (g) Food.

20. Spot as many organisms as possible in the puzzle given as Figure 1.2 by
encircling them as shown. Write the names on a sheet of paper and categorise
them into autotrophs and heterotrophs. Classify the heterotrophs into
herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and saprophytes.
Ans:

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The total number of organisms is 22 in this puzzle. Some of them are shown in the
figure:

Autotrophs: Mango, Rose, Carrot, Tulsi, Banyan, Bhindi, yam, Ginger.

Heterotrophs: Ant, Elephant, Tiger, Yeast, Fox, Mushroom, Mice, Crow, Owl, Cow,
Fish, Rabbit, Bee.
Classification of the heterotrophs,
Herbivores: Rabbit, Bee, Elephant, Cow.
Carnivores: Fox, Tiger.
Omnivores: Mice, Ant, Crow, Owl, Fish.
Saprophytes: Yeast, Mushroom.

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21. Can you give me a name? Solve each of the following riddles by writing
the name of the organism and its mode of nutrition. One riddle is solved to
help you.
(a) I am tall but I cannot move. I am green and can prepare my own food_____,
______
Ans: tree, autotroph.
(b) I live in water; people keep me in an aquarium and feed me.___ , ____.
Ans: Fish, heterotroph
(c) I am small and I can fly. I disturb your sleep, bite you and suck your blood
which is my food._____ , ____.
Ans: Mosquito, parasite
(d) I am white and soft. I grow well in the rainy season. Children pluck me from
the ground and admire me. I absorb nutrients from decomposed dead parts of
plants and animals in the soil. _____, _______ .
Ans: Mushroom, saprophyte.

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