Case Discussion - Hypomagnesemia

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2783112/pdf/1757-1626-2-156.pdf

Questions to Answer

1.List the uses and side effects of Metformin

use
treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2.
side effects
side effects related especially to the gastrointestinal tract Diarrhoea is very common

flatulence and abdominal discomfort

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2. What electrolyte disturbance is the case associated with?

hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, and hypokalemia.

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3. List the signs and symptoms of each disturbance.

Signs & Symptoms of hypomagnesemia:

Muscle Weakness
Convulsions
Fatigue
-hypocalcemia
convulsion
arrhythmia
Tetany
spasms and stridor

-hypokalemia
Weakness and fatigue (most common)
Muscle cramps and pain (severe cases)
Worsening diabetes control or polyuria.

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4. State the effect of Gliplizide, SU and Sitagliptin on patients with magnesium imbalance.

there’s study show beneficial effect of glipizide but is unlikely that cause serum
magnesium improvement, also sitagliptin no effect on magnesium improvement

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5. State the relationship between hypomagnesemia and calcium?

directly proportional, so when magnesium is too low, insufficient parathyroid hormone is

produced and blood calcium levels are also reduced

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6. List the treatment options given to the patient in the case.

glipizide (a SU drug).

Glimepiride

Sitagliptin

NPH insulin

daily intake of magnesium and potassium