CHAPTER 1

Information
Systems Concepts

Prepared by: Engr. Karen M. Argente

1.3 COMPONENTS
OF INFORMATION
SYSTEM
Learning
Objectives ➢be able to identify the four
components of information
systems

➢understand the relationships

between the four components of
information systems

➢understand the reasons for

having an information system
 Sub System

Internet

Technical Sub System Information Systems Social Sub System

for an information system to perform and achieve its objectives, all
four components have to be present and working together.
 Four components of Information
Systems
PEOPLE INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY

1st 3rd

2nd 4th

Your Text
Example Text :
Get a modern
PROCESS PowerPoint
STRUCTURE Presentation that
is beautifully
designed.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Modern organizations increasingly rely on
information technology as the core of their
information systems. We define information
technology to include hardware, software and
telecommunication equipment that is used to
capture, process, store and distribute information.

HARDWARE SOFTWARE TELECOMMUNICATION

is the physical is the set of coded are the
equipment—such as instructions networking
a personal
(programs) that equipment
computer, a laptop,
a portable direct the enabling users
computing device, hardware to and devices to
and perform the communicate
even a modern cell required tasks
phone—used to
process information
 HARDWARE
computer equipment used to perform input,
processing and output activities
 SOFTWARE
consists of the computer programs that govern
the operation of the computer
 A set of instructions is called a program.
▪ Driving force behind the computer
▪ Without a program – What is a computer?
▪Collection of Useless Hardware
 SOFTWARE

APPLICATION SYSTEM
SOFTWARE SOFTWARE
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
An example of a The Four
telecommunication
system is a telephone Components of
network, which allows
two callers to interact Information
by voice over a Systems
distance
 Four components of Information
Systems
PROCESS STRUCTURE

1st 3rd

2nd 4th

Your Text
Example Text :
INFORMATION Get a modern
TECHNOLOGY PEOPLE PowerPoint
Presentation that
is beautifully
designed.

EXAMPLE: Consider the
job of a grocery store
manager and the process
he engages in when
restocking an inventory of
goods for sale. The store
manager must:
• check the inventory of goods for sale
and identify the needed items
• call individual suppliers for
quotations and possible delivery dates
• compare prices and delivery dates
quoted among several suppliers for
the same goods
• select one or more suppliers for each
of the needed items based on the
terms of the agreement (e.g.
availability, quality, delivery)
PROCESS
A process is the set of steps employed to carry out a
specific business or organizational activity
• In other words, a process maps the set of actions that
an individual, a group or an organization must enact
in order to complete an activity.
• The critical insight here
Content Here
is that the design of the process
must fit with the other compone
nts of the information system a
nd be adjusted when changes oc
cur. Changes would also affect t
he people component
 PEOPLE
The people component of an The critical insight here is that
information system encompasses the individuals involved in the
all those individuals who are information system come to it
directly involved with a set of skills,
with the system. attitudes, interests, biases and
personal traits that need to be
taken into account when the
organization designs the
SECURITY information system

an information system fails Therefore, there should be

because the users do not have enough training and time for
enough skills, or have a users to get used to
negative attitude toward the
the new system.
system
 STRUCTURE
The structure (or organizational
structure) component of information
systems refers to the relationship among
the individuals in the people
component.
01
When designing a new information
system the organization needs to be
04
cognizant of the current and future
reward system in order to create
incentives to secure its success.
The structure component plays a
critical role in an information
system, simply because systems
02 often fail
when they are resisted by their
intended users.
This can happen because
03 individuals feel threatened by the
new work system, or because of
inherent human resistance to
change
THANK YOU