COMBINED MATHS ^ixhqla; .

Ks;h&

idfmaCI m%fõ.h (Relative Velocity)

Name :- ………………………………………………... School :-……………………………………..

1 kef.kysr isg ngysrg jeà we;s ud¾.hl A, B r: folla uqyqKg uqyqK,d we;' A kef.kysrg 3u
m%fõ.fhka o" B ngysrg 2u m%fõ.fhkao p,s; fõ' A g fmfkk B f.a m%fõ.h;a" B g fmfkk A f.a
m%fõ.h;a fidhkak'

2 P kï l=re,af,la ;sria ;,hl W;=re foig 10ms-1 m%fõ.fhka mshdUhs' Q kï ;j;a l=re,af,la ngysr
foig 10 3ms −1 m%fõ.fhka mshdUhs' P g idfmaCIj Q f.a m%fõ.h fidhkak' Q g idfmaCIj P f.a
ÈYdj l=ulao@

3 W;=re kef.kysr ÈYdj, tal ffoYsl j, i fõ' fudag¾ r:hla -ui ms-1 ksh; m%fõ.fhka p,s; fõ'
ßhÿrdg fmfkk wdldrhg iq<f`.a m%fõ.h u 3 jms-1 fõ' iq<f`.a i;H m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh 2ums-1 nj
fmkajd ÈYdj fidhkak'
m%;súreoaO ÈYdjg wdmiq .ufka§ r:fha m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh fjkia fkdfõ' wdmiq p,s;fha§ fudag¾
r:fha iuqoafoaY rduqfõ iq<f`.a m%fõ.h fidhkak'

4 A kï fudag¾ r:hla W;=re ÈYdjg 60ms-1 m%fõ.fhka p,s;jk wjia:djl B kï ;j;a r:hla ol=Kska
300 la kef.kysr ÈYdjg 40ms-1 m%fõ.fhka p,s; fõ'
^i& A g idfmaCIj B f.a m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh fidhkak'
^ii& ÈYdj l=ulao@

5 isrig 300 la wdk; ÈYdj Tiafia ums-1 m%fõ.fhka jeis ìkaÿ ñksil=f.a msgg jefÜ' ñksid vms-1 ksh;
u
m%fõ.fhka ;sria ÈYdj Tiafia .uka lrhs' v > kï ñksidf.a iuqoafoaY rduqfõ jeis ìkaÿjl
2
m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj fidhkak'
5 3 
^i& v = 3u kï" jeis ìkaÿ isrig tan −1   la wdk;j ñksidf.a uqyqKg jÈk njo fmkajkak'
 3 
^ii& v = u/2 kï" jeis ìkaÿ isriaj jefgkq ñksid olsk nj fmkajkak'

6 ol=Kg ksh; fõ.fhka .uka lrk u.sfhl=g W;=frka α fldaKhla kef.kysr jQ ÈYdjl isg iq<`.la
yukq oefka' u.shd tu fõ.fhkau ngysrg .uka lrk úg kef.kysßka β fldaKhla W;=rg jQ ÈYdjl
isg iq<`. yukq oefka' ksh; jYfhkau iq<`. yukafka kef.kysßka θ fldaKhla W;=rg jQ ÈYdjl isg
tan β (1 + tan α )
kï" tan θ = nj fmkajkak'
tan α (1 + tan β )

7 kef.kysr foig 6 kmh-1 fõ.hlska .uka .kakd ihsl,alrefjl=g W;=re foiska iq<`.la yuk nj
oefka' ihsl,fha fõ.h fo.=K l< miq iq<`. Bidk foiska yud tk nj Tyqg oefka' iq<f`.a m%fõ.h
^fkdfjiaj mj;shs kï& .sksfldK ÈYdjg 6 2 kmh −1 nj fmkajkak'

8 P yd Q kï r: folla ;sria fmd,jl p,s; fõ' P r:h ngysrg u m%fõ.fhka p,s; jk w;r Q p,s;
jkafka ngysßka 300 la ol=Kq ÈYdjg fõ' Q f.a m%fõ.h 2 3v fõ'
^i& P g idfmaCIj Q f.a m%fõ.h fidhkak'
^ii& u = 6v kï P g idfmaCIj Q f.a ÈYdj fidhkak'
^iii& P g idfmaCIj Q f.a m%fõ.h ol=Kq ÈYdjg msysghs kï u = 3v nj fmkajkak'

9 ÿïßhla ;srig θ wdk; jQ ud¾.hl my,g U m%fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' fuu fudfydf;a isria V
m%fõ.fhka j¾Idjla weoye¨ks'
^i& ÿïßhg idfmaCIj jeys ìÿj, m%fõ.h fidhkak'
^ii& ÿïßhg jeysìÿ ,ïNlj jefgk nj fmkafka kï" U = V sin θ fmkajkak'
10 A kï nhsisl,alrefjl= W;=re foig 2x fõ.fhka nhsisl,h meohhs' Tyqg tu fudfydf;a mej;s iq,`.
oefkkqfha kef.kysrg yudhk f,ih' tu fudfydf;au ol=Kq foig x fõ.fhka nhsisl,h
mÈkafkl=g tu iq,`. W;=ßka 300 la kef.kysrg yukakdfia fmfka'
^i& wjia:d fol i|yd tlu m%fõ. igykla wÈkak'
^ii& iq,f.a m%fõ.fha kshu úYd,;ajh;a ÈYdj;a fidhkak'

11 ñksfila ;sria ÈYdjg .uka lrk úg jeiaila ;srig α fldaKhla wdk;j jefgkakd fia fmfka' Tyq
tu ir, f¾Ldfõu Bg m%;súreoaOj tu ÈYdjgu tu m%fõ.fhkau .uka lrk úg jeiai tu ÈYdjg β
2 sin α sin β
wdk;j jefgkakd fia fmfka' jeiafia kshu ÈYdj θ kï tan θ = nj fmkajkak'
sin( β − α )

12 ihsl,alrefjl= u fõ.fhka iu;, ;sria ud¾.hla Tiafia ngysr foig hk úg iq<`. 2550 os.xYhlska
yud tkq oefka' ihsl,alre tu fõ.fhkau m%;súreoaO ÈYdjg p,s; jk úg§ tu iq<`.u 1650 os.xYhlska
yud tkq oefka' iq<f.a fõ.h u weiqßka fidhd iq<`. i;H jYfhkau 2400 os.xYhlska yud tk nj
fmkajkak'

13 ir, ÿïßh ux folla ikaêhl§ 600 fldaKhlska yuqfjhs' ÿïßh folla u, 3u m%fõ.j,ska ikaêh foig
 a
p,s;h fjhs' ikaêfha isg ÿïßhj,g wdrïNl ÿr m%udK a o b 3a > b >  o kï tajd w;r wvq;u
 5
3 (3a − b) 5b − a
mr;rh nj fmkajkak' Bg .;jk ld,h nj fmkajkak'
2 7 14u

14 ms<sfj,ska 78 kmh-1 iy 36 kmh-1 ksh; fõ.j,ska Odjkh jk A iy B fudag¾ r: folla" tlsfklg

600 l wdk;shla iys;j yuqjk iDcq ud¾. folla Tiafia uxikaêhla lrd <`.dfõ' B g úkdä 1lg fmr
A fudag¾ r:h uxikaêh lrd <`.dfõ kï fudag¾ r: w;r flá;u ÿr 600 m nj fmkajkak'

15 l%Svlfhl= ir, f¾Çh u`.l ksh; U fõ.fhka ngysr ÈYdjg Èj hhs' fuu fudfydf;a yudhk iq,`.
Tyqg fmfkkqfha W;=re foig yukakd fiah' l%Svlhd Tyqf.a fõ.h 3U olajd jeäl, úg Tyqg iq,`.
Bidk ÈYdjg yudhk f,i fmfka' iq,f.a m%fõ.fha kshu úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj fidhkak'

16 A kejla 12kmh −1 m%fõ.fhka kef.kysrg o B kej;a 12kmh −1 m%fõ.fhka ol=Kg o hd;%d lrhs' A
kefõ isg ksÍCIKh lrk úg C kejla W;=f¾ isg 600 ngysrg hd;%d lrk nj fmfka' B kefõ isg
ksÍCIKh lrk úg C kej W;=f¾ isg 300 la ngysrg hd;%d lrk nj fmfka' C ys m%fõ.h fidhkak'

17 AOB iy COD iDcq ud¾. folla O keu;s ikaêfha § 600 l fldaKhlska fþokh fõ' AO = CO = ls'
óg¾ 10 ls' uOHyakfha§ 20 kmh-1 fõ.hlska A miq lrk r:hla f ;ajrKhlska AO ÈYdjg .uka lrhs' ta
fudfydf;a§u 40 kmh-1 fõ.hlska C miq lrk fofjks r:hlska 10 kmh-2 ;ajrKhlska CO ÈYdjg .uka
lrhs' tla r:hlg idfmaCIj wfkfla m:h ir, f¾Ldjla kï f fidhkak' r: fol w;r fláu ÿr
ls'ógr 5 nj fmkajd tfia msysgk fõ,dj o fidhkak'

18 ir, iudka;r bjqre iys; .`.la taldldr u m%fõ.fhka .,d niS' <ufhl=f.a ksYap, c,fha msyskSfï
m%fõ.h 3u fõ' .f`.a m<, a fõ' tla bjqrl jQ ,CIHhl isg wfkla bjqf¾ a ÿrla .`. by<ska msysá
,CIHh lrd ir, f¾Ldjla Tiafia <uhd msyskd hkafka kï" m%fõ. ;s%fldaKhla we|" .f`.ka tf;rùug
a
<uhdg .;jk ld,h ( 17 + 1) nj fmkajkak'
8u

19 A kï kejla kef.kysrg 2u m%fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' B kefõ m%fõ.h u jk w;r tys È.xYh 300 fõ' A
ys ksÍCIlhl= C kej 1800 È.xYhlska p,s;jkq olS' B ys ksÍCIlhl= úiska olsk C ys È.xYh 1500 fõ'
C ys m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh 7u nj fmkajd tys ÈYdj fidhkak'

20 A, B hkq 100m m<, .`.l bjqre foflys jQ m%;suqL ,CI folls' fuu .`. 5ms-1 m%fõ.fhka .,d niS'
ksi, c,fha fndaÜgqjl m%fõ.h 10ms-1 fõ' A j,ska wdrïNj B olajd hdug fndÜgqj meoúh hq;= ÈYdj
fidhkak' .`. ;rKh lsÍug fndaÜgqjg .;jk ld,h fldmuKo@

iEu fohlu ueÿï ms,sfj; f;dard .ekSu fyd|h

2
21 ksYap, c,fha vms-1 (v > u) m%fõ.fhka fndaÜgqjla meoúh yels ñksfila ums-1 m%fõ.hlska .,k weo
ke;s bjqre fol iudka;r .`.l tl bjqrl msysá A ,CIHhl isg wfkla bjqf¾ A g .`. by< foiska
msysá B ,CIHhlg meñKSu i|yd ;u fndaÜgqj mojhs' A yd B w;r ÿr c fõ' AB f¾Ldj .x bjqrg θ
fldaKhlska wdk; fõ' yeu úg u fndaÜgqfõ bÈß fl<jr AB j,g iudka;r ÈYdjla Tiafia msysgk fia
ñksid fndaÜgqj mojhs kï .x bjqrg idfmaCIj ñksidf.a fm; ,l=Kq lrkak' ñksid wfkla bjqf¾ C
,CIHfha§ bjqrg meñK wk;=rej C j, isg B olajd bjqr Èf.a ;u fndaÜgqj mojhs' A j, isg B j,g
c
hdug Tyqg .; jQ uq¿ ld,h ;;amr nj fmkajkak'
v−u

22 m%ydrl hd;%djla iDcq ud¾.hla Tiafia taldldr fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' tys Wmßu fõ.h v1kmh-1 fõ'
tla;rd fudfyd;l m%ydrl hd;%djg akm ÿßka W;=re ÈYdfõ i;=re fndaÜgqj v2kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka
kef.kysr ÈYdjg p,s; fõ' v2 > v1 kï i;=re fndaÜgqjg yels;dla wdikak jkfia m%ydrl hd;%dj fhduq
v 
l< hq;= ÈYdj kef.kysßka W;=rg cos −1  1  nj fmkajkak' tkhska wdikak;u ÿr yd wdikak;u
 v2 
a v22 − v12 av2
ÿrg meñKSug .;jk ld,h 2
yd nj fmkAjkak'
v v2 v22 − v12

23 ir, f¾Çh ud¾.hl mÈl fõÈldfõ odrfha isg l ir, f¾Ldjlg ÿr am fõ' C fudag¾ nhsisl,hla
ums-1 fõ.fhka 1 f¾Ldj Èf.a p,s; fõ' t = 0 fudfydf;a nhsisl,fha msysàu jk O ys isg ud¾.hg
iudka;r bm ÿrla bÈßfhka mÈl fõÈldfõ A ,CIHhlska P u.sfhla nhsisl,fha p,s; ÈYdjg 600 la
wdk;j vms-1 m%fõ.fhka ud¾.h yryd hEu wrUhs' u.shd nhsisl,hg bÈßfhka mdr yryd hhs kï" C
v(a + b 3 ) − 2au
iuqoafoaY rduqfõ P f.a fm; ie,lSfuka fláu ÿr nj fmkajkak' ta khska
2 u 2 + v 2 − uv
2au
v> kï wk;=rla fkdù nhsisl,h bÈßfhka mdr yryd u.shdg .uka l< yels nj fmkajkak'
a+b 3

24 ngysr" kef.kysr ÈYdjg we;s A, B k.r fol w;r ÿr 80 km fõ' tla;rd Èkl iq,`.la 10 2 kmh −1
fõ.hlska Bidk ÈYdjg yud hhs' ksi, iq,f`.a hdkfha fõ.h 50kmh-1 fõ' A isg B k.rhg hdug
.=jka hdkh meoúh hq;af;a AB f¾Ldjg sin-1(1/5) l fldaKhla wdk; ÈYdjlg nj fmkajkak'
A isg B g hdug .;jk ld,h fldmuK fõo@

25 .`.l m<, 50 m jk w;r th 4ms-1 m%fõ.fhka .,d hhs' .xbjqre foflys we;s A, B ,CI fol hd
lrk f¾Ldj .f.a bjqf¾ my, ÈYdjg 600 wdk; fõ' ksi, c,fha 4 3ms −1 m%fõ.fhka msyskd hd yels
ñksfila A j,ska wdrïN ù .x bjqf¾ by, ÈYdjg θ wdk;j msyskhs' ñksid B ,CIh lrd t,fí'
^i& θ ys w.h l=ulao@
25
^ii& A isg B g hdug .;jk ld,h nj fmkajkak'
2 3

26 .=jkahdkhla A .=jka f;dgqm,l isg d ÿßka msysá B .=jka f;dgqfmd,g hdug msg;a fõ' ksi, jd;fha
.=jkahdkfha m%fõ.h 2u fõ' AB f¾Ldjg 600 la wdk; ÈYdjlg wkjr; iq,`.la U m%fõ.fhka yudhhs'
 3
fuu p,s;hg .=jkahdkh fhduq l, hq;= ÈYdj AB g sin −1   fldaKhla wdk; jk nj fmkajkak'
 4 
 
A isg B g hdug .;jk ld,h fidhkak'

27 O ys§ ,ïNlj tlsfkl yryd jeà we;s Rcq ud¾. folls' tla;rd fudfyd;l A yd B nhsisl,a lrejka
fofokd O isg 500m ÿßka isg tlu fudfydf;a O uxikaÈh yryd bÈßhg ksh; m%fõ.j,ska .ukdrïN
lrhs' A ys m%fõ.h 8ms-1 o" fofokd w;r flá;u ÿr 50m o fõkï B f.a m%fõ.h fidhkak'

3
28 M ,CIHfha§ tlsfkl iDcqfldaKslj lefmk ud¾. folla Èf.a ms<sfj,ska A u.sfhla Ukmh-1 m%fõfhka
W;=rg o B u.sfhla v kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka ngysrg o .uka lrhs' M ,CIhg A meñfKk úg B isákafka a
Km ÿßka jQ N ,CIHhlh' fuúg B u.shd M fj; t<fUñka isà' fuu .ufka§ fofokd w;r fláu ÿr
au 2
msysgk úg M ys isg B g we;s ÿr nj fmkajkak'
u2 + v2
29 niakdysr - kef.kysr yd ol=Kq - W;=re ud¾. foll A, B keõ folla p,s; fõ' A ys m%fõ.h ums-1
fõ' ud¾. foll yuqjk O ,CIHhg am ÿßka A kej t - 0 § O foig p,s; fõ' tu fudfydf;a B kej
bu
O isg bm ÿßka O foig p,s; fõ' A yd B .efÜ kï" B ys m%fõ.h ms −1 nj fmkajkak'
a
30 W;=re foig V kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka .uka .kakd A fndaÜgqjlg a km ngysßka we;s B i;=re fk!ldjla
.sKsfldK foig V 2 kmh −1 m%fõ.hlska .uka lrkakd fia fmfka' B f.a i;H m%fõ.h fidhkak' A,B
g Bidk foiska msysgk wjia:dfõ fndaÜgqj iy fk!ldj tlsfklg wdikaku ÿßka msysgk nj
fmkajkak' A yd B bkm ÿßka msysgk úg (b < a) A, B f.a fjä mrdih ;=,g meñfKa kï meh
2b 2 − a 2
ld, mrdihla ;=, ´kEu fudfyd;l A g fjä je£ug bv we;s nj fmkajkak'
v
31 A keu;s kejla 12kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka kef.kysrg .uka lrk w;r fmrjre 8'00g th O ,CIHhl isg
12km ngysßka fjhs'
12 3km −1 m%fõ.fhka ol=Kg .uka lrk B keu;s kejla fmrjre 8'00 g O isg 4 3km ÿrla W;=ßka
msysghs'
(i) B g idfmaCIj A ys m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj
(ii) keõ fol w;r flá;u ÿr iy tajd b;du;a wdikakj msysgk fõ,dj
tajd b;du;a wdikakj msysgk fõ,dfõ§ tla tla kefõ i;H msysàï fidhkak'

32 wyia hdkhla ;sria fmdf<dfõ isg 2 3km la by<ska ;sriaj 25 3kmh −1 m%fõ.fhka p,s;fõ'
t = 0 § .=jka hdkh msysá ,CIfha isg 2km ;sria ÿßka jk isria ir, f¾Ldjl fmdf<dfõ ,CIhlska
wdrïN jQ neÆkhla 25kmh-1 ksh; m%fõ.fhka isriaj p,s; fõ' .=jka hdkfha úÿ,s wdf,dal ix{dj
5
u.ska 3km ÿrlg ix{d l, yel' neÆkfha ksÍCIlg ix{dj meh ld,hla ,nd .; yels nj
25
fmkajkak'
33 ld,h t = 0 úg S kï kejka 2i msysgqï ffoYslh we;s P ,CIHh miqlrñka vj taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka
lrhs' fuu fudfydf;a (7i + 8 j ) msysgqï ffoYslh we;s Q ,CIHfha we;s B fndaÜgqjg kej yuqùug
wjYHj we;' B g u fõ.hg jvd jeä fõ.hlska .uka l< fkdyel' (u < v ) fõ' PQ < 5v kï fndaÜgqjg
u
kej yuqúh fkdyels nj fmkajkak'

34 kejla ngysr foig fkdÜ 20l fõ.fhka mojk úg ngysßka π la ol=Kg jQ ÈYdfjka iq<.la yukq
8

oefka' tu kej tu m%fõ.fhkau" ol=Kq ÈYdjg mojk úg ol=Kska π la kef.kysrg jQ ÈYdfjka iq,.
8
yukq oefka' iq<f.a i;H fõ.h yd ÈYdj fidhkak'

35 .`.l a ÿrla .`. by<g msyskd hdug ñksfil=g 3t ld,hla .;fõ' fuu ñksidg fuu ÿru .`.

my,g msyskd hdug t ld,hla .; fõ' .`. .,d nisk m%fõ.h a

( 3 − 1) nj fmkajkak'
2 3t

m%udo fkdúh hq;=hs' m%udoh wka;rdj wka; fldg we;s fyhsks

4
36 A kejla ukmh-1 m%fõ.fhka W;=rg .uka lrk w;r ;=r B kejla ku kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka W;=ßka θ
fldaKhla ngysr foig .uka lrhs' wdrïNfha È B, A g a km kef.kysßka msysghs' sec θ 7 k kï"
ua
bkamiqj isÿjk p,s;fha § keõ w;r flá;r ÿr (1 − k sin θ ) nj fmkajd th i|yd ld,h
w
ua
2
k sin θ nj fmkajkak' fuys w 2 = u 2 (k 2 − 2k cos θ + 1) fõ'
w

37 kejla mehg lsf,daóg¾ v ksh; m%fõ.hlska l ir, f¾Ldj Tiafia p,kh fõ' t = 0 úg kej A ,CIHfha
we;' A isg l g 300 wdk; f¾Ldjl B ,CIHfha § uqyqfoa w;rux jQ fndaÜgqjla we;' fndaÜgqfõ Wmßu
fõ.h ukmh −1 fõ' (u < v) fndaÜgqfõ we;s ix{dj, mrdih Rkm fõ' R > d v 2 − u 2 − 3u kï
2v
[ ]
muKla kefõ ksÍCIlfhl= fndaÜgqj olsk nj fmkajkak' fuys AB = dkm fõ'

38 u fõ.fhka .,dhk .`.l c,hg idfmaCIj v(v > u) fõ.fhka <ufhl=g msyskSug yel' .`. by<g
tla;rd ÿrla msyskd f.dia wdmiq taug .;jk ld,h t1 o Bg iudk ÿrla .`. yryd Èh myrg ,ïnj
msyskd f.dia taug .;jk ld,h t2 o kï v =
t1u nj fmkajkak'
(t1 − t 2 )(t1 + t 2 )

39 P1, P2 kï .=jkahdkd folla 0 kï .=jka f;dgqm,ska msg;aj ms,sj,ska W;=ßka yd ol=Kska msysá A, B kï
.=jka f;dgqm,j,a n,d msg;a fõ' OA = OB = d fõ' W;=ßka 300 la kef.kysr foiska ksh; fõ.hlska
iq,`. yuk Èkl .=jkahdkd fol iq,`.g idfmaCIj v taldldr fõ.hlska .ukafldg t1, t2 ld,j,g miq
3ud
A, B lrd t,fò' iq,f.a fõ.h u(< v) kï" t1 − t 2 = nj fmkajkak' hdkd fol A, B ys lsisÿ
v − u2 2

m%udohla ke;sj wdmiq yefrhs kï O j,g hdkd fol meñfkkafka tlajru nj fmkajkak'

40 W;=re yd kef.kysr ÈYdj, tall ffoYsl j, i fõ' tall ógr yd ;;amr fõ' ñksfila 3i + 6j
m%fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' iq<`. i + j ÈYdjg yuk nj Tyqg oefka' ñksidf.a m%fõ.h ;=ka .=Khla jQ úg
iq<`. j ÈYdjg yuk nj Tyqg oefka' iq<f`.a i;H m%fõ.h fidhkak'
ud¾. ndOl ksid ñksid ;u m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh muKla fjkia lrhs' iq<`. 3i + j ÈYdfjka yuk nj
5
Tyqg oefka' ñksidf.a m%fõ.h fidhd tys úYd,;ajh 27 jms −1 nj fmkajkak'
5
41 W;=re kef.kysr ÈYdj, tall ffoYsl j, i fõ' wyiahdkhla ui m%fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' wyiahdkfha
iuqoafoaY rduqfõ fy,sfld,agrhl m%fõ.h u (i + 3 j ) fõ' fy,sfldmagrfha m%fõ.h fidhd tys
úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj fidhkak' wyiahdkfha m%fõ.h 3ui kï" wyiahdkfha iuqoafoaY rduqfõ
fy,sfldmagrfha m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh 2u nj fmkajkak'

42 lS%vlfhla ;u mqyqKqfõ§ W;=re ÈYdjg ums-1 m%fõ.fhka ÿjhs' W;=frka θ kef.kysr ÈYdfjka iq<`.la
yud tk nj Tyqg oefka' 0 o < θ < 45 0 fõ' lS%vlhd wdmiq yeÍ m<uq m%fõ.fhkau ol=Kq ÈYdjg ÿjhs'
kef.kysßka θ ol=Kq ÈYdfjka iq<`. yuk nj Tyqg oefka' iq<f`.a i;H m%fõ.h ums-1 njo ÈYdj
ol=Kska 2 θ ngysg ÈYdjg nj o fmkajkak'

43 A .=jka f;dgqm,lg a ÿßka kef.kysr ÈYdfõ B kï .=jka f;dgqm,la we;' Bidk ÈYdjg U
m%fõ.fhka iq,.la yud hhs' A j,ska wdrïN jQ .=jka hdkhla V1 taldldr m%fõ.fhka AB ÈYdjg p,s;
ù Bg meñK bkamiq V2 m%fõ.fhka BA ÈYdjg p,s; ù kej; A g meñfKa' ksi, jd;fha .=jka
hdkfha m%fõ.h V fõ' v1 + v 2 = 2 ( 2v 2 − u 2 ) yd v1v 2 = v 2 − u 2 nj fmkajd tkhska uq¨ .ukg .;
a 2(2v 2 − u 2 )
jQ uq¨ ld,h nj fmkajkak'
v2 − u2

5
44 mdohla a jQ ABCD iup;=ri%fha YS¾Ij, A,B, C, D .ia uqÿka y;rla msysgd we;' iq,`.la U m%fõ.fhka
iup;=ri%fha mdohlg iudka;rj yudhhs' l=re,af,l=f.a m%fõ.h ksi, jd;fha§ v fõ' l=re,a,dg
2a
ABCDA .uka u. f.jdhdug .;jk ld,h 2 [v + v 2 − u 2 ] jk nj fmkajkak'
v −u 2

45 wyiahdkhla iDcq u.la Tiafia A isg B f;lao wdmiq B isg A f;lao mshdir lrhs' ksi, ld,.=Kfha§
tys fõ.h u fõ' fo.ukgu .;jk ld,h T fõ' tla;rd Èkl iq,f`.a fõ.h AB g θ fldaKhla
wdk; ÈYdjla Tiafia v h' A isg tmsgyg hk .ufka§;a A lrd wdmiq tk .ufka;a wyia hdkh AB g
 v sin θ 
sin −1   fldaKhlska wdk; ÈYd Tiafia fhduq l,hq;= nj idOkh lrkak'
 u 
TU u 2 − v 2 sin 2 θ
fuu fo.ukgu .;jk ld,h nj o idOkh lrkak' wyiahdkfha iïmQ¾K .uk
u2 − v2
ABCD ;sria iup;=ri%hla kï o iq,f`.a ÈYdj úl¾Kj,ska tllg iudka;r kï o .uk i|yd .;jk
uq¨ ld,h fidhkak'

46 AB hkq taldldr f,i .,dhk .`.l uOHfha .xbjqrej,g iudka;r msysá f¾Ldjls' ñksfil=g A isg B
g msyskSug 3t ld,hla .; fõ' Tyqg B isg A g msyskdhdug 5t ld,hla .; fõ' Tyq msyskkafka ke;sj
.f`.a mdù .sfha kï A isg B g hdug .;jk ld,h 15t nj fmkajkak'

47 50m m<, iudka;r bjqre we;s .`.la 4ms-1 m%fõ.fhka .,dhhs' .x bjqre fofla jk ,CIHhka folla A
yd B fõ' AB f¾Ldj .x bjqf¾ by< ÈYdjg 600 la wdk; fõ' ksi, c,fha 4 3ms −1 m%fõ.fhka msyskd
hd yels <ufhla A j,ska wdrïN ù .x bjqf¾ by< ÈYdjg θ fldaKhlska wdk;j msyskd hhs' <uhd A isg
25 3
B g meñfKa' θ j, w.h fidhd A isg B g meñKSug .;jk ld,h ;;amr la nj fmkajkak'
3

48 ksYap, jd;fha§ .=jka hdkhl m%fõ.h 2u km h-1 h' kef.kysr ÈYdjg iq<`. yuk m%fõ.h u km h-1 h'
ñihs,hl ksYap, jd;fha§ m%fõ.h 3u km h-1 h' A ys .=jka hdkd f;dgq fmd<la we;' A g W;=ßka a km
ÿßka B .=jka f;dgqm< we;' A g kef.kysßka d km ÿrlska C ys ñihs, m%fCIam lrk uOHia:dkhla
a
we;' .=jka hdkhg A isg B g meñKSug .;jk ld,h S nj fmkajkak'
3u
49 iudka;r bjqre we;s .`.la Ums-1 m%fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' ksi, c,fha <ufhl=g 3ums −1 m%fõ.fhka
msysksh yel' tla .xbjqrl P ,CIHhl isg .f`.a my,ska msysá Q ,CIHhg msyskd hdug <uhdg wjYHj
we;' PQ f¾Ldj .x bjqrg 600 la wdk; fõ' P isg Q g hdug l=uk ÈYdjg fhduqj msysksh hq;=fõo@
d
.f`.a m<, dm kï P isg Q g hdug ;;amr .;jk nj fmkajkak'
3u
50 A, B yd C jQ l,S CAB iDcqfldaKS iuoaùmdo ;s%fldaKhla jk fia msysá ,CI ;=kls' A, C ,CI V
fõ.fhka .,k .`.l tla bjqrl o B ,CIh A g yß fl,ska .f`.a wfkla bjqf¾ o msysgd we;' c,hg
idfmaCIj U m%fõ.hlska msysksh yels ñksfila t1 ld,hl§ A j,ska msg;aj B ,CIhlg msyskd wdmiq

meñfka' Tyqg A j,ska msg;aj C ,CIhg msyskd kej; A g meñkSug t2 ld,hla .; fõ' t1 = u 2 − v2
t2 u
nj fmkajkak'

51 O .=jka f;dgqm,l isg dkm ÿßka W;=ßka jk A .=jka f;dgqm,lg hEug .;jk hdkhla msg;a fõ'
iq<`. ngysr isg ukmh-1 m%fõ.fhka yud ths' 5 2ukmh −1 m%fõ.fhka ksh; jd;fha§ .=jka hdkh p,s;
d
fõ' O isg A g p,s; ùu i|yd .=jka hdkh fhduq l< hq;= ÈYdj fidhd ta i|yd .;jk ld,h meh
7u
nj fmkajkak'

Y%uh fiiq ish,a, ch.kshs'

6
 −1
52 iudka;r bjqre we;s .`.la vkmh-1 m%fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' ksi, c,fha <ufhl=g taldldr v 3kmh
m%fõ.fhka msyskd hEug mq¿jk' tla .x bjqrl P ,CIHhl isg .f`.a my<ska msysá Q g msyskd hEug
<uhdg wjYHj we;' PQ f¾Ldj .xbjqrg 600 la wdk; fõ' P g Q g hEug <uhd l=uk ÈYdjlg
d 3
fhduqjk msyskd hd hq;=fõo@ .f`.a m<, dkm kï" P isg Q g ld,h meh nj fmkajkak'
3u
53 .=jkahdkhla O .=jkaf;dgqm,l isg akm ÿßka jk A .=jka f;dgqm,lg hEug msg;a fõ' ksi, jd;fha
→
.=jka hdkfha m%fõ.h vkmh-1 fõ' OA f¾Ldjg 600 la wdk; osYdjg iq<`. wkjr; ukmh-1 m%fõ.fhka
→  3u 
p,s; fõ' O isg A g hEug .=jka hdkh fhduq l< hq;= ÈYdj OA f¾Ldjg sin −1   fldaKhlska
 2v 
 2a 
wdk; nj fmkajkak' ta i|yd .;jQ ld,h  h  nj o fmkajkak'
 4v − 3u + u 
2 2

54 A, B yd C kï .=jkaf;dgqfmd, ;=kla mdohka a ne.ska jQ iumdo ;%sfldaKhl YS¾Ij, msysgd we;' ksi,
Èkl iq,`. ke;súg .=jkahdkhg Wmßu V m%fõ.hlska hd;%dl, yel' A, B ÈYdjg u (<v) fõ.hlska
 v + 4v 2 − 3u 2 
iq,. yuk úg ABCD m:h Tiafia fkdkej;S hEug hdkh .kakd wju ld,h  a
 v 2
− u 2 
 
nj fmkajkak' ksi, Èkhl§ ABCD Tiafia v fõ.fhka .uka lsÍug .=jka hdkhg bkaOk ,Sg¾ N
m%udKhla wjYH fõ kï by; lS iq,`. we;s Èkl § wjYHjk bkaOk m%udKh fldmuKo@

55 A mdmkaÿ l%Svlfhla u ms-1 ksh; m%fõ.hlska" W;=re ÈYdjg jk l ir, f¾Ldjla Èf.a" `O ,CIHlska"
t = 0 úg wdrïN ù fnda,h /f.k hhs' l g 600 la wdk;j O isg a ÿßka jk P ,CIHhl isg" B, C
l%Svlhska fofokla vms-1 tlu m%fõ.fhka t = 0 úg wdrïN ù ud¾. foll ÿj f.dia A yuqfõ kï" A
4v 2 − 3u 2
yuqjk wjia:d fol w;r ld, wka;rh a nj fmkajkak'
v2 − u 2
56 .=jka hdkhlg ksYap, jd;fha u ksh; fõ.hlska mshdir l, yel' iq,`. rys; úg ABC iumdo
u
;%sfldaKdldr ud¾.hla hdug T ld,hla .kS' AB ;sriaj msysgk w;r l m%fõ.fhka AB g ,ïNlj
3
C foiska iq,`.la yudhhs' AB, BC yd CA Èf.a .=jka hdkfha m%fõ. ms<sfj,ska v1, v2 yd v3 fõ' v1, v2 ys
v3 w.hka fidhkak'
35 8u 2
v 2 + v3 = u nj o" v 2 v3 = nj o fmkajkak' fuu iq<`. we;súg .uka ud¾.h iïmQ¾Kfhka
3 9
 8 + 35 
f.jd hdug .;jk ld,h  T nj fmkajkak'
 8 
 
57 taldldrj .,dhk .`.l my<g ums-1 Wmßu m%fõ.fhka msyskd hEug ñksfil=g mq¿jk' .`. by<g
u+v
ñksid msyskd hk Wmßu m%fõ.h vms-1 fõ' ^u > v& ksi, c,fha ñksid msyskd hk Wmßu m%fõ.h
2
nj fmkajkak'
2d
.f`.a m<, dm kï .`. yryd msyskd hEug wju ld,h ;;amr nj fmkajkak' wju ld,fha § .`.
v+u
d (u − v)
yryd mSkd hEfï§ .`. my,g p,s; jQ ÿr m nj fmkajkak'
v_u
58 2ums-1 m%fõ.fhka fudag¾ r:hla 1 ir, f¾Ldjla Èf.a p,s; fõ' t = 0 fudfydf;a fudag¾ r:fha msysgqu
jk A ys isg 1 f¾Ldj u; dm ÿrla bÈßfhka jk B ,CIHhl isg hm ÿßka AB g ,ïn ÈYdfõ C
,CIHhl <ufhla isà' <uhdf.a Wmßu fõ.h ums-1 fõ' AB ⊥ BC fõ' fudag¾ r:hg yels;dla wE;ska
ùu i|yd <uhd p,s; úh hq;= ÈYdj fidhd" fudag¾ r:h yd <uhd w;r fláu ÿr o fidhd takhska
d > h 3 kï" wk;=rla fkdjk nj fmkajkak'
7
59 ksYap, jd;fhys V m%fõ.hla we;s .=jka hdkhla u m%fõ.fhka yuk iq<`.l ÈYdjg θ fldaKhlska
wdk; jQ ;sria ud¾.hla Tiafia .uka lrhs' kshuqjd hdkh yerúh hq;= ÈYdj .uka lrk ÈYdjg α
fldaKhlska wdk;j we;skï V Sin α = u Sin θ nj fmkajkak' .=jkahdkh .uka l< hq;= ia:dkhg ÿr
a kï o hdï Bï i|yd .kakd ld,hka t1 yd t2 kï o"
^i& a(t1 + t 2 ) = 2vt1t 2 cos α (ii) a (t1 − t 2 ) = 2ut1t 2 cos θ (iii) a 2 = t1t 2 (v 2 − u 2 ) nj fmkajkak'

60 rej,a fndaÜgqjlg ksi, uqyfoa .uka l< yelafla tys wjr weKsh ^Èla& w;g muKs' i;; taldldr
iq,`.la uqyqo yryd yud hhs' iq<`. yuk úgo uqyqo ksi,j mj;S' wjr - weksh ÈYdjg θ fldaKhla
idok v fõ.hlska fndaÜgqjg idfmaCIj iq,.la yudhhs' fndaÜgqj kvCos θ fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' ^k -
ksh;hls& uqyqog idfmaCIj iq,f.a m%fõ.h u kï u = v (k 2 + 2k ) cos 2 θ + 1 nj fmkajkak' V ksh;
w.hla kï u ys Wmßu yd wju w.hka wfmdaykh lrkak'

61 A iy B wxY= folla" ms<sfj,ska ui + vj iy αi + βj ksh; m%fõ. iys;j Oxy ;,fha p,kh fjhs' A g
idfmaCIj B ys m%fõ.h fidhkak' ld,h t = 0 jk úg A wxY=j O uQ,fha o" B wxY=j 10j msysgqï
ffoYslh iys; ,CIHfha o we;' miqj wxY= tlsfkl .efghs'
^i& α = u nj fmkajkak'
^ii& t = 2 jk úg .eàï isÿfjhs kï β − v + 5 = 0 nj fmkajkak'
62 uqyqfoa .uka lrk A yd B fndaÜgq foll m%fõ. ms<sfj,ska 3u yd u fõ' A kef.kysrg p,s; jk
w;r B fndaÜgqj kefkysßka 300 ol=Kq ÈYdjg hd;%d lrhs' tla;rd fudfyd;l A g d ÿrla W;=ßka B
d
msysghs' fndaÜgq fol w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr fidhd" th we;sjk ld,h jk nj fmkajkak'
2u

63 A kejl m%fõ.h 10 (2i + 3j) fõ' A kefõ ksÍCIlfhl= úiska B hd;%djla 4 (-12i - 5j) m%fõ.fhka
p,s;jkq olS' B hd;%dfõ ksÍCIlfhl= iq<`. 4(i - 3j) m%fõ.fhka yuk nj olS' iq<f`.a m%fõ.h
fidhkak' tys úYd,;ajh 2 145kmh −1 nj fmkajd tys ÈYdj ,nd.kak' fuys i, j ms<sfj,ska kef.kysr
yd W;=re ÈYdj, tall ffoYsl fõ' tallh kmh-1 fõ'
A kefõ iy B hd;%dfõ wdrïNl msysgqï ffoYsl ms<sfj,ska i + j iy 10i + j kï tajd w;r we;sjk
45
flá;u ÿr km nj fmkajkak'
13

64 ngysr - kef.kysr yd W;=r - ol=K foig we;s iDcq ud¾. folla O uxikaêhl§ yuqfõ' A fudag¾
r:hla 100 3m ÿrlska O g ngysßka we;s úg B r:hla 100m ÿßka O g ol=Kska msysgd we;' fï
fudfydf;a A yd B ys m%fõ. ms<sfj,ska 30ms-1 yd 30 3ms −1 jk w;r tajd O fj;g fhduqj p,s; fõ'
A g idfmaCIj B f.a fm; fidhkak' A yd B w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr fidhd" th we;s ùug .;jk
5
ld,h wdrïNfha isg s nj fmkajkak'
3
65 A iy B wxY= foll wdrïNl msysgqï ffoYsl ms<sfj,ska i + 2j iy ai + 2j fõ' A iy B ys ksh; m%fõ.
ffoYsl ms<sfj,ska 2i + j iy i - 3j fõ'
A g idfmaCIj B f.a m%fõ. ffoYslh fidhkak'
2 17 3
A iy B w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr tall kï a i|yd ms<s.; yels w.h nj fmkajkak'
17 2
∧
66 AB yd CD iDcq ÿïßh ud¾. folla O ys§ fþokh fõ' fuys C O D = θ fõ' A O Tiafia O foig È. l
jQ ÿïßhla u m%fõ.fhka .uka lrhs' O j, isg d1 ÿrlska ÿïßh tkaðu msysgk úg fudag¾ r:hg O j,
l + d1 u d1
isg we;s ÿr d2 ls' fudag¾ r:h fkdkj;ajd .uka lrhs' ≥ ≥ kï fudag¾ r:fha ÿïßh
d2 v d2
.efgk nj fmkajkak'

fndfydaúg jpkhg jvd ksy`v;jh n,j;ah

8
67 ir< ÿïßh ud¾.hla yd uyd ud¾.hla θ wdk; uxikaêhl§ tlsfkl fõokh fõ' ÿïßhla u
m%fõ.fhkao" fudag¾ r:hla v m%fõ.fhka o uxikaêh foig p,s; fõ' wdrïNfha§ ÿïßhg yd fudag¾
r:hg uxikaêfha isg we;s ÿr ms<sfj,ska a yd b fõ' ÿïßh yd fudag¾ r:h w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr
(av − bu ) sin θ
nj fmkajkak' ^fuys av > bu fõ') ÿïßfha yd fudag¾ r:fha .eàula isÿjkafka
u + v 2 + 2uv cos θ
2

a u
kï = jk nj wfmdayKh lrkak'
b v
68 A kejla u m%fõ.fhka W;=rg .uka lrhs' A g a ÿrla ngysßka msysá B kejla V(<u) m%fõ.fhka
W;=ßka θ kef.kysrg jQ ÈYdjg .uka lrhs' keõ fol w;r we;s jk flá;u ÿr a (u − v cos θ )
u + v 2 − 2uv cos θ
2

nj fmkajkak' fuu flá;u ÿr we;s ùug wdrïNfha isg .;jk ld,h fldmuKo@

69 P yd Q kï l=vd ùÿre fnda, folla ms<sfj,ska 3i - j iy ai - 3j m%fõ. iys;j Oxy ;,fha p,kh fjñka
→ →
mj;S' fuys a hkq ksh;hlao i, j hkq ms<sfj,ska OX iy OY wCI Tiafia msysgk tall ffoYslo fõ'
t = 0 fõ,dfõ§ A (-3, -2) ,CIHfhys P msysgk w;r B ≡ (2,8) ,CIHfhys Q msysghs' fuu p,s;fha§
ùÿre fnda, fol w;r we;sjk fláu ÿr fidhd a = 2 kï Q iu`. P .efgk nj fmkajkak'

70 tla;rd fudfyd;l Q kï fudag¾ r:hlg idfmaCIj P r:hla W;=re ÈYdfõ 13m ÿßka msysgd we;' Q
r:h 13ms_1 m%fõ.fhka kef.kysrg p,s; fõ' P r:fha m%fõ. 5ms-1 fõ' Q g yels;dla ,.ska p,s;
ùug P r:h l=uk ÈYdjlg p,s; úh hq;=o@ P yd Q r: fol w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr fldmuKo@
fuu flá;u ÿr we;sùug wdrïNfha isg fldmuK ld,hla .;fõo@
71 ngysr - kef.kysr yd W;=r - ol=Kq ÈYdj,g jk ud¾. folla O ykaÈhl§ yuqfõ' O ys isg A r:hla
100 3m ÿßka ngysr ÈYdfõo B r:hla 100m ÿßka ol=Kq ÈYdfõ o we;' A yd B ys m%fõ. ms<sfj,ska
25ms-1 yd 25 3ms −1 fõ' A yd B, O fj;g p,s; fõ'
^i& A g idfmaCIj B f.a m:h fidhkak'
^ii& A yd B w;r flá;u ÿr fidhd th we;s jk úg ld,h fidhkak'

72 A kï kejla 2u m%fõ.fhka W;=rg p,s; fõ' t = 0 fudfydf;a § A g kef.kysßka d ÿßka ;j;a B

kejla 2u m%fõ.fhka 3150 È.xYhla we;sj p,s; fõ'
^i& A g idfmaCIj B ys fm; ,l=Kq lrkak'
^ii& keõ fol w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr fldf;lao@

73 A iy B wxY= foll wdrïNl msysgqï ffoYsl 3i + j iy i + 4j fõ' A iy B ys ksh; m%fõ. ms<sfj,ska

-i + 5j iy 3i + 2j fõ'
6
A g idfmaCIj B f.a m:fha iólrKh fidhd A iy B w;r we;sjk fláu ÿr tall nj;a th
5
17
we;sjk úg .; ù we;s ld,h tall nj;a fmkajkak'
25
74 ngysßka 300 la ol=Kq ÈYdjg 30ms-1 m%fõ.fhka p,s; jk fia" ms;slrejla fnda,hg myr fohs'
ms;slref.a iuqoafoaY rduqfõ mkaÿ rlskafkla 25m ÿßka ol=Kska 300 la ngysr ÈYdfõ we;' 20ms-1 Wmßu
m%fõ.fhka ÿjf.dia fnda,h w,a,d .; yels ud¾. folla we;s nj fmkajd fnda,h w,a,d .ekSug wkqrEm
1
ld,hka 1 (3 3 − 7 ) s yd (3 3 + 7 ) s nj fmkajkak'
4 4

75 ir, ud¾.hl 2ukmh-1 fõ.fhka p,s;h jk A kej tla;rd fudfyd;l§ ukmh-1 fõ.fhka kef.kysr
ÈYdjg p,s;h jk B kejg akm ol=Kq foiska msysghs' mehlg miqj A, B g Bidk foiska msysghs'
1 −1  (3u − a )(u + a ) 
idfmaCI m%fõ. uQ,O¾uh Ndú;fhka A f.a p,s; ÈYdj W;=frka sin   la
2  4u 2 
kef.kysrg nj fmkajkak'

9
76 P yd Q kï keõ folla 10km ÿßka msysghs' Q g kef.kysßka we;s P kej W;=rg 20kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka
p,s; fõ' P g fmfkk mßÈ Q ys m%fõ.h kefkysßka 600 la ol=Kq foig fõ' Q ys ienE m%fõ.h
ol=Kska 600 la kef.kysrg fõ'
(i) Q ys m%fõ.h fldmuKo@
(ii) P g idfmaCIj Q ys m%fõ.h fldmuKo@
(iii) keõ fol w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr fldmuKo@
(iv) P kefõ we;s f¾vd¾ j, mrdYh 12Km kï Q kej P ys f¾vd¾ ;srfha Èiajk ld,h
fldmuKo@

77 uqyqfoa we;s P yd Q keõ folla 20km ÿßka msysghs' P g kef.kysr ÈYdfõ Q msysgd we;' P kej ol=Kq
ÈYdjg 10 3kmh −1 m%fõ.fhka p,s;jk w;r Q kej 20kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka ol=Kska 300 ka ngysr ÈYdjg
.uka lrhs' meh 2la .; jQ miq keõfol tlsfkl .efgk nj fmkajkak'

78 iDcq ud¾. folla O kï uxikaêhl§ tlsfklg ,ïNlj yuqfõ' A yd B r: folla O isg 2a yd

2 3a ÿßka t = 0 úg msysghs' A yd B r: fol O foig p,s; fõ' A ys m%fõ.h U fõ' fuu r: fol O
ys§ tlsfkl .efÜkï B ys m%fõ.h 3u jk nj idfmaCI m%fõ. uQ,O¾u u.ska fmkajkak'

79 P yd Q kï keõ folla 60km ÿßka msysgd we;af;a P g idfmaCIj kef.kysßka 300la W;=re ÈYdjg jk
f,isks' P kej 30kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka W;=re ÈYdjg p,s; fõ' P kej yuqùu i|yd Q kej p,s;h wrUhs'
Q ys taldldr m%fõ.ho 30kmh-1 fõ' Q meoúh hq;af;a l=uk ÈYdjlgo@ keõ fol meh 2la .; jQ miq
tlsfkl yuqjk nj fmkajkak'

80 A kejla W;=re foig 20kmh-1 ksh; fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' B kejlg 30kmh-1 Wmßu fõ.hla ,nd.;
yel' A g 5km ÿrla kef.kysßka jQ msysgqulg B kej yels blaukska p,s; úh hq;=j mj;S' B p,s;h
wrUk úg§ A g 5km ÿßka ol=Kska 300 la ngysr foiska B mej;=ks'
B p,s; úh hq;= ÈYdj fidhkak' wod, msysgqu olajd p,s; ùug B g .;jk ld,h fidhkak' p,s;h
5
w;r;=f¾§ keõ fol w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr km nj fmkajkak'
2
→
81 ms;slrefjla W lvq,af,a o mkaÿ rlskafkla msáfha F ,CIHfhao isà' ms;slrejd myrÿka mkaÿjla WF
1
iu`. α fldaKhla idok ;sria ÈYdjlg .uka lrkafka" mkaÿ rlskakdg ÿjkakg yels fõ.h fuka 1
2
l fõ.hlsks' mkaÿj yels blaukska /l.ekSu i|yd mkaÿ rlskakd tl jru ;u by,u fõ.fhka
ÿjkakg mgka .; fyd;a Tyq Èúh hq;= ÈYdj fidhkak'
mkaÿj fmd,jg iudka;rj ksh; m%fõ.fhka ;sria f,i .uka lrkafka hehs Wml,amkh lrkak'
mkaÿ rlskakd tfia lsÍfï§ óg¾ s ÿrla Èj.sfha kï"
→
2
α < sin −1   úg | WF | } óg¾  4 − 9 sin 2 α + | 3 cos α  nj fmkajkak'
s
 
3 2  

82 A kejlg 10km ÿßka ol=Kq ÈYdfõ B kï kejla we;' A kej 25 3kmh −1 m%fõ.fha kef.kysrg
p,s;jk w;r B kej kef.kysßka 300 la W;=re ÈYdjg 25kmh-1 fõ.fhka p,s; fõ'
(i) A g idfmaCIj B ys fm; fidhkak'
(ii) keõ fol w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr 5 3km nj fmkajkak'
24
(iii) A kefjys we;s ;=jlal=j, m%ydrl mrdYh 9km kï B kej wk;=f¾ mj;sk ld,h meh nj
25
fmkajkak'
83 P kï fmd,sia r:hlg kef.kysßka d ÿßka A kï fydr nvq /.;a r:hla we;' A r:h 2u m%fõ.fhka
ngysßka 600 W;=r n,d Odjkh lrhs' fuh ÿgq U m%fõ.hla iys; P r:h U m%fõ.fhka A r:h ¨yqn£' P
ys fjä;eîfï mrdYh 3d kï" A wk;=f¾ mj;sk Wmßu ld,h d 5 nj fmkajkak'
4 2u 3
d
P ys fjä;eîfï mrdYh kï" A wk;=f¾ fkdue;s nj fmkajkak'
2

wk;=rlska f;drj ch.%yKh ,enQjkag chmeka Wreu fkdfõ'

10
84 .=jkahdkhlg bkaok .nvd lr.; yelafla meh T ld,hla i|yd m%udKj;a jk f,ih' ksi,
ld,.=Khla we;s úg tys fõ.h u fõ' iq,`.la W;=f¾ isg ol=Kg ku(K<1) Kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka yudhk
Tu (1 − K 2 )
úg" W;=ßka kef.kysr ÈYdjg .=jkahdkfha l%shdkaú; mrdYh R kï" R = nj
2 1 − k 2 sin 2 θ
fmkajkak'
R Wmßu jkafka ys ljr w.hl§ o@ fuu Wmßu w.h ,nd.ekSug .=jkahdkh yerúh hq;= ÈYd ^hdug
yd taug& l=ula úh hq;o= @

85 iDcq .uka u.l ukmh-1 fõ.fhka .uka lrk kejla yuqùu i|yd fndaÜgqjla keõ f;dglska msg;aj hhs'
f;dfÜ isg kefõ .uka u.g lsÜgqu ÿr akm fõ' f;dgg lsÜgqu ;ekg taug fmr f;dfÜ isg bkm ÿßka
 au 
kej we;s fudfydf;a fndaÜgqj f;dáka msg;a fõ' vkmh −1 u > v > m%fõ.hlska fndaÜgqjg .uka l<
 b 
2 b 2 v 2 − a 2u 2
yels kï" meh ld,hla ;=< kej .uka lrkafka fndaÜgqjg th yuqùug yels ud¾.
u 2 − v2
fldgfia nj Tmamq lrkak'
86 wyia hdkhlg ksi, jdhqf.da,fhys u km/h ksh; m%fõ.hlska .uka l< yelsh' v(< u)km/h ksh;
fõ.hlska ksß; foiska yuk iq<`.la we;s Èkl fuu hdkh A .=jka f;dgqm,l isg Bg a km wE;ska
msysá B .=jka f;dgqm< fj; f.dia fkdkj;ajd wdmiq A f;dgqm<g meñfKa' A g kef.kysr foiska B
msysgd we;' A isg B olajd hdkh .uka lrk m%fõ.h u1 km/h jk w;r B isg A olajd wdmiq
meñfKkafka u2 km/h m%fõ.hlsks'
^i& u1 − u 2 = v 2 yd u1u2 = u2 - v2 nj fmkajkak'
a 4u 2 − 2v 2
^ii& uq¿ .ukg .; jk iïmQ¾K ld,h h nj fmkajkak'
u2 − v2
87 iudka;r bjqre we;s m<, a jk iDcq .`.la taldldr fõ.hlska .,hs' P, Q hkq tlu bjqrla u; .`.
.,k ÈYdjg msysá ,CIH folls' fuys PQ = a fõ' msyskqï lrefjl=g Q olajd o Q isg P olajd o msyskSu
(T − T1 )
i|yd .;jk ld, ms<sfj,ska T1 iy T2 fõ kï" .`. .,k fõ.h 2 a nj fmkajkak'
2T1T2
msyskqïlreg P ,CIHfha isg Bg yß fl,ska wfkla bjqfrys jQ L ,CIHg msyskSu i|yd
.; jk ld,h T1T2 nj o fmkajkak'

88 A yd B jQ l,S ;;amrhg ógr 12l ksh; m%fõ.fhka .,d nisk" iudka;r bjqre we;s m<, ógr 64la jQ
.`.l bjqre foflys jQ m%;suqL ,CIH folls' ksYap, c,fha ;;a;amrhg óg¾ 8l ksh; fõ.hlska .uka
lrk fudag¾ fndaÜgqjla AB g λ fldaKhla wdk; ÈYdjla Tiafia .`. by<g A ,CIHfha isg .uka
wrUhs' bjqrg idfmaCIj fudag¾ fndaÜgqfõ m%fõ.h fidhkak'
fudag¾ fndaÜgqfj wfkla bjqf¾ jQ C ,CIHhl§ tf.dv ,`.d jQ CIKfhkau fndaÜgqj ;=< .uka .;a
n,af,l= bjqrg mek bjqr Èf.a ;;a;amrhg ógr 2l ksh; m%fõ.fhka B olajd ÿj hhs' fndaÜgqj ;=<
.uka.;a n,a,dg A isg B olajd meñKSug .; jQ iïmQ¾K ld,h ;;amr T kï" T = 8 [7 secλ - 4 tan λ]
nj Tmamq lrkak'
4
fudag¾ fndaÜgqj AB g sin −1   l fldaKhka wdk; ÈYdj Tiafia .`. by<g .uka lrhs kï" wju
7
ld,hl§ fndaÜgqj ;=< .uka .;a n,a,d B j,g meñKSug yels nj fmkajkak'

89 P kï wyiahdkhla u ksh; fõ.hlska kef.kysr ÈYdjg .uka lrhs' tla;rd fudfyd;l§ P hdkhg
R
λ2 + 1 ÿrla ol=Kska" tu ;sria uÜgfï u Q kï m%ydrl hdkdjla W;=re ÈYdjg λu > 1 ksh;
λ
fõ.hlska .uka lrhs' Q hdkdfõ iïnkaO fldg we;s ñihs,hl Wmßu mrdih R fõ' Q g idfmaCIj P
ys m%fõ.h o tajd w;r P hdkhg m<uq ñihs, m%ydrh t,a, lsÍug m%:u j" Q hdkh
R λ − λ2 − 1  ÿrla ;u .uka ud¾.fhys .uka l< hq;= nj fmkajkak'
 
λ +1
2

11
90 iudka;r bjqre we;s .`.la v kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka p,s; fõ' ksi, c,fha <ufhl=g taldldr v 3
m%fõ.fhka msyskd hEug mq¿jk' tla .x bjqrl P ,CIHhl isg .f`.a my<ska msysá Q g msyskd hEug
<uhdg wjYHj we;' PQ f¾Ldj .x bjqrg 600 la wdk; fõ' P isg Q g hEug l=uk ÈYdjlg fhduqj
d 3
msyskd hd hq;=fõo@ .f`.a my< d km kï" P isg Q g ld,h meh nj fmkajkak'
3u

91 W;=rg ksh; fõ.fhka .uka lrk nhsisl,alrefjl=g ol=Kska α fldaKhla ngysrg jQ ÈYdjl isg
iq,`.la yukq oefka' nhsisl,alre tu fõ.fhka u kef.kysr jQ ÈYdjl .uka lrk úg ngysßka β
fldaKhla ol=Kg jQ ÈYdjl isg iq<`. yukq oefka' ksh; jYfhkau iq<`. yukafka ol=Kska θ
fldaKhla ngysr ÈYdjl isg kï" tan θ = (1 + tan β ) tan α nj fmkajkak'
(1 + tan α ) tan β
92 A, B yd C kï .=jkaf;dgqfmd, ;=kla mdohka a ne.ska jQ iumdo ;%sfldaKhl YS¾Ij, msysgd we;' ksi,
Èkl iq,`. ke;súg .=jkahdkhg Wmßu V m%fõ.hlska hd;%dl, yel' A, B ÈYdjg u (<v) fõ.hlska
 2 
iq,. yuk úg ABCD m:h Tiafia fkdkej;S hEug hdkh .kakd wju ld,h  v + 4v − 3u  a nj
2

 v2 − u2 
 
fmkajkak' ksi, Èkhl§ ABCD Tiafia v fõ.fhka .uka lsÍug .=jka hdkhg bkaOk ,Sg¾ N
m%udKhla wjYH fõ kï by; lS iq,`. we;s Èkl § wjYHjk bkaOk m%udKh fldmuKo@

93 jd;hg idfmaCIj v fõ.hlska hd;%d lrk .=jka hdkhla iumdo ;%sfldaKhl wdldrh .;a Ojk m:hla
i,l=Kq lrhs' ksi, jd;fhys ta i|yd .;jk ld,h T fõ' ;%sfldaKfha tla mdohlg iudka;rj u
 
fõ.hlska iq,`. yuk úg fuu pdßldjg .;jk ld,h T  4 − 3µ + 1  nj fmkajkak' µ =
2 u
fõ'
 3(1 − µ 2 )  v
 

94 ;sria iu;, ìul A kï r:hlg a kef.kysßka B kï ;j;a r:hla we;' A r:h W;=re ÈYdjg 2u
taldldr fõ.fhka .uka lrk úg B r:h jhU foig u taldldr fõ.fhka .uka lrhs'
^i& A g idfmaCIj B f.a m%fõ.h fidhd" tys fm; olajkak'
 
^ii& A yd B w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr  2 2 − 1 a a nj fmkajkak'
 
 10 − 4 2 
95 tla;rd fudfyd;l Q kï fudag¾ r:hlg idfmaCIj P r:hla W;=re ÈYdfõ 13m ÿßka msysgd we;' Q
r:h 13ms_1 m%fõ.fhka kef.kysrg p,s; fõ' P r:fha m%fõ. 5ms-1 fõ' Q g yels;dla ,.ska p,s;
ùug P r:h l=uk ÈYdjlg p,s; úh hq;=o@ P yd Q r: fol w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr fldmuKo@
fuu flá;u ÿr we;sùug wdrïNfha isg fldmuK ld,hla .;fõo@

96 P yd Q kï keõ folla 10km ÿßka msysghs' Q g kef.kysßka we;s P kej W;=rg 20kmh-1 m%fõ.fhka
p,s; fõ' P g fmfkk mßÈ Q ys m%fõ.h kefkysßka 600 la ol=Kq foig fõ' Q ys ienE m%fõ.h
ol=Kska 600 la kef.kysrg fõ'
(i) Q ys m%fõ.h fldmuKo@
(ii) P g idfmaCIj Q ys m%fõ.h fldmuKo@
(iii) keõ fol w;r we;sjk flá;u ÿr fldmuKo@
(iv) P kefõ we;s f¾vd¾ j, mrdYh 12Km kï Q kej P ys f¾vd¾ ;srfha Èiajk ld,h
fldmuKo@
97 fudag¾ fndaÜgqjlg ksi, c,fha v km/h l ksh; fõ.fhka .uka l< yel' W;=ßka θ fldaKhla
ngysßka msysá ÈYdjl isg taldldr m%pKav Èh je,la 6km/h l ksh; fõ.fhka X jrdh yryd .uka
lrk Èkhl fndaÜgqjg X jrdfha isg Y fndahdjla foig .uka lrhs' Y msysgd we;af;a X g W;=ßka 300
la kef.kysr ÈYdjla Tiafia 5 km ÿrla wE;sks' X isg Y olajd .ukg mehla .; fõ kï"
(v 2 − 61)
3 cos θ − sin θ = nj fmkajkak'
30
Y isg X olajd wdmiq .ukg fndaÜgqj .kakd ld,h meh 1$2 la fõ kï" v iy θ fidhkak'

wcka; osidkdhl
12