Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Question 1
Malaria is caused by
1. Bacteria
2. Protozoan
3. Fungi
4. virus
Answer
Protozoan
Reason — Malaria is caused by protozoan Plasmodium which enters the human body
through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito.
Question 2
Answer
Reason — Deficiency of calcium leads to poor growth of teeth and gums and brittle bones.
Question 3
1. Deficiency diseases
2. Genetic diseases
3. Organic diseases
4. Allergic diseases
Answer
Allergic diseases
Reason — Hay fever and asthma are Allergic disease because both disease are caused by
unpredictable reaction of the body to a particular substance.
Question 4
1. Medicines
2. Proper food
3. Immunisation
4. Exercise
Answer
Immunisation
Reason — Immunisation stimulates the body to produce antibodies that fight infection. In
this way immunisation gives protection against infectious diseases.
Question 5
1. Scurvy
2. Leukemia
3. Goitre
4. Haemophilia
Answer
Haemophilia
Question 6
1. Thalassemia
2. Beri-beri
3. Cataract
4. Diabetes
Answer
Cataract
Reason — Cataract is a degenerative disease because it is a age related eye disease which
affects older person.
Question 7
1. Vit. B3
2. Vit. B1
3. Vit. C
4. Vit. D
Answer
Vit. B3
Question 8
1. Beri-beri
2. Goitre
3. Scurvy
4. Pellagra
Answer
Goitre
Question 9
Which one of the following mineral deficiency diseases can be cured by eating a diet which
includes green leafy vegetables, banana, cereals, egg yolk?
1. Goitre
2. Anaemia
3. Brittle bones
4. Pain in muscles contraction
Answer
Anaemia
Reason — Anaemia is a iron deficiency disease which is an important component of
haemoglobin. The deficiency of iron can be compensated only by consuming green leafy
vegetables, banana, cereals, egg yolk.
Question 10
Which one of the following vitamin deficiency disease can be cured by eating a diet which
includes carrot, yellow fruits, vegetables, butter milk,fish?
1. Beri-beri
2. Dermatitis
3. Night blindness
4. Scurvy
Answer
Night blindness
Question 11
1. Measles
2. Cancer
3. Heart stroke
4. Allergy
Answer
Measles
Question 1(a)
Answer
The diseases which are caused either due to improper functioning of the body organs or due
to the deficiency of certain minerals and vitamins in the body are known as non-
communicable diseases. These diseases are not caused by any germ, therefore these diseases
cannot spread from one person to another (i.e., they are non-transmissible). Examples —
rickets, diabetes, heart diseases, etc.
Question 1(b)
Answer
A disease which is caused due to the deficiency of certain nutrients, vitamins and minerals in
the diet is called a deficiency disease. Example - Anaemia, Goitre.
Question 1(c)
Answer
The diseases that can easily spread from an infected person to a healthy person through
disease causing germs called pathogens are called communicable diseases.
Question 1(d)
Answer
Dirt and many disease causing pathogens get accumulated under the nails. It is difficult to
remove them even if we wash our hands frequently. Biting nails may cause these pathogens
to enter into our body through our mouth causing various diseases. Hence, biting nails should
be strictly avoided.
Question 1(e)
Answer
Regular exercise keeps the body muscles active. It helps in the normal functioning of the
heart and lungs and also in better circulation of blood. Proper rest helps the body repair,
regenerate and recover.
Question 1(f)
Children eating more fast foods tend to suffer from obesity (overweight). Comment.
Answer
Fast foods are rich in fats and carbohydrates and deficient in vitamins. Eating more fast foods
results in the accumulation of fat in the body of children making them suffer from obesity.
Question 1(g)
How can you control the spreading of diseases by mosquitoes and houseflies?
Answer
Question 1(h)
Answer
Maintaining public hygiene prevents the spread of communicable diseases like Malaria,
Dengue, Cholera, Diarrhoea, etc. Maintaining a clean environment controls the breeding of
mosquitoes, houseflies and other pathogens. Hence, public hygiene is equally important as
personal hygiene for good health and preventing diseases.
Question 2
(e) Two diseases caused due to the deficiency of protein in the diet of a child.
Answer
(a) Cholera
(b) Malaria
(c) Elephantiasis
(d) Rabies/Hydrophobia
Question 3
Write short notes (1-2 sentences) on each of the following:
1. Disease
2. Pathogen
3. Allergy
Answer
1. Disease — Any physical or functional change in the body from a normal state which
causes discomfort or disability is called a disease. Disease is a departure from normal
health through structural or functional disorder of the body.
Question 4
Answer
(a) Iron
(b) Rickets
(c) Goitre
(d) Proteins
Question 5
Answer
(a) Jaundice
Reason — Jaundice is not caused by bacteria while others are bacterial diseases.
(b) Malaria
Reason — Malaria is caused by a protozoan while others are viral diseases.
(c) Polio
Reason — Polio is a viral disease while others are vitamin deficiency diseases.
(d) Cancer
Reason — Cancer is a disease while others are food components.
Question 6
Name of the
Vitamin source of vitamin
deficiency diseases
Answer
Name of the
Vitamin source of vitamin
deficiency diseases
Question 1
Describe the ways in which communicable diseases are transmitted through various indirect
methods.
Answer
1. From items used by the infected person — Touching and sharing items like towels,
handkerchiefs, combs, utensils, etc. of an infected person may spread the disease to a
healthy person.
2. Contaminated food and water — Houseflies carry germs from garbage and sewage
and deposit them on food. Contamination of drinking water even with little amount of
faeces or dung can cause a number of diseases.
3. Droplets through air — The droplets coming out when a person infected with
common cold, TB, etc. sneezes or coughs, transmit the disease causing germs through
the air spreading the disease to more people.
4. Vectors or carriers — Houseflies, mosquitoes, rodents, etc. also carry disease
causing germs.
Question 2
Answer
1. Maintain a clean environment to prevent the spreading of diseases due to the breeding
of mosquitoes, houseflies and pathogens.
2. Garbage should be kept in covered bins so that flies do not breed on it.
3. There should be proper sewer lines connected to sewage treatment plants.