Chap3_atomic structure

Atom

- The smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of that
element
- Made up of empty spaces
- Nucleus = at the centre of each atom (very tiny and dense region)
- Around the nucleus is a could of moving particles = electrons

Atom

Consists:

Proton p Inside the 1 +1

nucleus

Neutron n Inside the 1 0

nucleus

Electron e- Moving 1/1836 (0) -1

around the
nucleus

Atomic number and mass number

- The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons in the atom

- The mass number of an atom is equal to the sum of the number of protons
and neutrons in the atom

Isotopes

- Atoms of the same elements with the same number of protons but different
numbers of neutrons

- Have similar physical properties (depend on the mass and their masses
are different)
- Same chemical properties (depending on the number of electrons and they
have some of electrons)

Relative masses

● Relative atomic mass

- The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom, taking into account the
amount of each isotope present in a naturally occurring sample of an
element