FINAL TEST REVISION (MS HIEN, MS THAO, MS HOA)

1. What is the definition of tourism?

a. traveling to do tour

b. traveling for business, education, medical and leisure

c. traveling for transport, accommodation, hospitality, and events.

2. Another name for tourism as a sharing

economy

a. a property-to-property economy

b. a hospitality economy

c. a collaborative economy

3. What is not a disadvantage of globalization?

a. lessening the control of governments

b. highlighting nations’ identities

c. increasing the wealth gap between residents

4. The rapid growth of tourism in the last decades has been supported by globalization.

a. true

b. false

5. To Vietnam, Vietnamese people visiting Taiwan is ___

a. domestic tourism

b. inbound tourism

c. outbound tourism

6. Globalization understood simply is ___

a. crossing borders

b. traveling for pleasure

c. changing location

7. Sustainable tourism is defined as ___

a. tourism that has a low impact on the environment

b. when people go on an animal safari which supports local business

c. when people travel to natural places

8. Sustainability is ___

a. the ability to continue into the future

b. caring just about the environment of the local destination

c. caring just about the local communities of the local destination

9. Which form of tourism is defined based on characteristics of the trip? (P.43)

a. event tourism

b. alternative tourism

c. cultural tourism

10. What is ecotourism?

a. traveling for the nature

b. exploring different cultures

c. traveling for different food

11. Which of the following is not a social impact from tourism? (P.193, 204)

a. prostitution and child labor

b. revival of local culture

c. learning about the stereotypes

12. Money from tourism can increase the standard of living of local communities.

a. true

b. false

13. What is tourism’s major contributor to pollution?

a. motorized road transport

b. sea transport

c. air transport

14. What causes soil pollution in tourism? (P.222)

a. tourists’ littering

b. water waste

c. pesticides from hotel gardens

15. What is an example of an indirect type of economic impact?

a. the revenue of a hotel

b. the income of the plumber hired by the hotel

c. the employees hired by restaurant that plumber eats at

16. Why do tourists have to pay so many taxes at the tourist destinations?

a. to create revenue

b. to create competition

c. to avoid competition

17. What type of economic impact is described as a record of financial transactions between one
country and the rest of the world? (P.166)

a. income generation

b. balance of payments

c. encouragement of entrepreneurial activity

18. Tourists have opportunities to visit working farms for the purpose of enjoyment, education.
The form of tourism mentioned is ___ (P.40, 41)

a. argo-tourism

b. rural tourism

c. ecotourism

19. Which one has a negative socio-cultural impact on the destination? (P. 193)

a. revival of cultural

b. displacement

c. terrorism

20. Deindustrialization happens mainly in rural areas.

a. true

b. false

21. What type of company provides transportation service in many destinations?

a. small businesses

b. large businesses

22. What is not included in the demand-side definitions of tourism?

a. tourism suppliers

b. tourism consumption

c. tourists’ characteristics

23. The international recommendations for tourism statistics 2008 confirmed the definition
‘same-day visitors’ of ___

a. excursionist

c. travelers

b. tourists

24. What is one form of tourism based on the characteristics of the trip? (P.43)

a. domestic tourism

b. mass tourism

c. cultural tourism

25. The example of a local cleaning service being used by a hotel is an example of ___ economic
impacts. (P.163)

a. direct

b. indirect

c. induced

26. What is the effect of animals’ less hunting and foraging from humans’ feeding?

a. not able to feed themselves

b. aggression towards human

c. more breeding

27. What is not a reason behind nature conservation?

a. regeneration of built environment

b. economic benefits brought in by tourism

c. tourism being better for the environment than other activities

28. Tourism is unnecessary to rural areas because of ___ (P.183)

a. job generation

b. unwanted urbanization

c. revenue for nature conservation

29. What is considered as an aspect in cultural impacts?

a. religions

b. languages

c. rituals

30. What is a tourist?

a. someone that moves from rural areas to urban areas

b. someone that moves to another country to live

c. someone that works abroad for over a year

d. someone visiting a place away from their usual home for less than one year

31. Which is NOT determinant of sustainable development?

a. consumption

b. production

c. climate

d. distribution

32. I love visiting cathedrals, castles, churches, and towers. (P.41)

a. heritage tourism

b. city break

c. farm tourism

d. urban tourism

33. It has been defined as tourism involving travel to places historically associated with death
and tragedy. For example, Sanatorio Duran, prisons, etc. (P.41)

a. religious tourism

b. dark tourism

c. adventure tourism

d. MICE tourism

34. Sustainable tourism does NOT aim primarily at ___ (P.46)

a. The integration of local people in tourist operation or development

b. Strong commitment to nature conservation

c. Profit for big tour operators

d. Social responsibility

35. Sustainable tourism is defined as ___ (P.46)

a. Tourism that has a low impact on the environment and local culture

b. When people go on an animal safari which supports local business

c. When people travel to natural places

d. When people can understand local people and culture

36. Planning, preparing and marketing travel related product is a function of ___

a. Travel agent

b. Supplier

c. Tour operator

d. Tour leader

37. What does GDS stand for?

a. Global Distribute System

c. Gross Distribution System

b. Global Displacement Sequence

d. Global Distribution System

38. How does tourism impact the economy?

a. it determines export trends

b. it creates jobs

c. it predicts the gross national product of a nation.

d. all answers are correct

39. Development of infrastructure and facilities.

a. a positive economic impact

b. a negative economic impact

c. a positive social impact

d. a negative social impact

40. Which of the following is a negative economic impact?

a. increase employment opportunities

b. seasonal unemployment

c. increase congestion

d. dilution of culture

41. Which is NOT an economic impact of tourism?

a. house prices in the area rise with increased second homes bought in the area

b. wildlife and habitats are disturbed

c. local businesses make more money

d. seasonal jobs are provided

42. What is a positive of mass tourism?

a. money from tourists can be used to protect b. culture and traditions change as outsiders
the natural landscape arrive

c. prices increase in local shops as tourists are d. damage to the natural environment, e.g.
often wealthier than the local population footpath erosion, litter, habitats destroyed to
build hotels

43. Increased funding for conservation and increased awareness of the value of the natural
environment represent.

a. environmental benefits b. environmental costs

c. tourism activities d. destination attractions

44. What is the major cause for air pollution?

a. deforestation b. oil spills c. transportation d. cigarettes

45. What causes water pollution?

a. factories produce too much smoke b. development of tourism

c. toxic waste d. using fertilizers and herbicides for hotel

gardens

46. Which of the following is NOT a negative environmental impact of mass tourism?
 a. tourists will often provide an income that will b. overcrowding can cause congestion and
help to provide money to help local people to pollution. it will increase the carbon
protect the environment emissions in an area

c. tourists will increase the amount of waste and sewage in an area and this d. using fossil fuels
will need to be dealt with in a sustainable manner

47. The measurement if a product or service meets a customer's expectations is called ___

a. customer loyalty b. consumer affiliation c. customer satisfaction d. rate of return

48. Which one is NOT a technology for visitor management?

a. counting system b. cameras c. visitor badges d. quota system

49. What tourists’ behavior is when they usually take home elements of a historic or natural
attraction as souvenirs. This action can damage the destination or the attraction.

a. humidity & temperature

b. pilfering

c. trampling

d. handling

50. Business organizations aim to monitor and enhance ___ because it is considered the key in
customer satisfaction.

a. service quality b. product quality c. staff quality d. managing quality

51. Which of the following best describes a franchise?

a. licensing arrangement between a company and another b. a cheap turnkey operation where the
party licensing the use of the company name, products and owner has little responsibility
processes

c. a family-owned business where the family d. a small business that has a special agreement
agrees to pass its management down through the with government to use any of the country's
next generation resources
52. Which is a franchisor?

a. starts a business

b. takes over a business

c. buys into an existing brand

d. allows others to use their brand name

53. The King James Hotel, a family-owned-and-operated property that is organized as a sole
proprietorship, would be classified as ___

a. chain property

b. a franchisee

c. a corporate property

d. an independent property

54. What is the name of the legal contract describing the relationship between a hotel owner and
the hotel brand with which the owner seeks to affiliate?

a. franchise agreement

b. franchise offering circular

c. product improvement plan

d. franchise disclosure document

55. It is not the principle of sustainable tourism.

a. environment

b. social

c. residential

d. economic

56. What is a domestic tourist?

a. a person who travels place to place to learn its history

b. a person who travels around their own country, outside where they live

c. a person who doesn't go anywhere

d. a person who likes to eat chocolate

57. The sharing economy is built on the sharing of certain resources, which resource below is
wrong?

a. human
b. physical

c. financial

d. intellectual

58. Which of the following are examples of the sharing economy?

a. eBay

b. Grab

c. Airbnb

d. all of these above

59. What statement suits the Internet of Things best?

a. refers to the billions of devices around the world that are connected to the internet

b. the internet of things aims to build reliable software

c. the internet of things aims to connect humans and things

60. What is a positive of mass tourism?

a. money from tourists can be used to protect the natural landscape

b. culture and traditions change as outsiders arrive

c. prices increase in local shops as tourists are often wealthy than the local population

d. damage to the natural environment, e.g. footpath erosion (the wearing away of footpaths), litter,
habitats destroyed to build hotels

61. What is mass tourism?

a. when large numbers of people visit the same place at the same time

b. when large numbers of people visit different places at the same time

c. when large numbers of people visit the same place at different times

62. What is the cause of mass tourism?

a. reduced holiday pay

b. improvements in communications

c. less free time

63. What is the negative impact of mass tourism on people?

a. increased employment

b. improvements in schools and healthcare

c. seasonal jobs

64. What is a feature of ecotourism?

a. sustainability

b. high impact

c. large scale

65. What does ecotourism not involve?

a. environmental and cultural awareness

b. package holidays

c. economic benefits for locals

66. What is not a reason or cause of ecotourism?

a. developing countries generating income from their fragile environments

b. environmentally conscious tourists paying to protect the environment

c. tour operators in developed countries exploiting fragile environments in developing countries

67. What is the negative impact of ecotourism?

a. protection of animal habitats

b. deforestation of rainforest vegetation

c. conservation of plants and trees

68. Select the positive environmental impact of tourism

a. protection of endangered animals because of their tourist attraction status

b. education is improved

c. healthcare is improved

d. local cultures are promoted

69. Which of the following is a social disadvantage of tourism?

a. countries can become too reliant on tourism

b. jobs are often seasonal and poorly paid

c. local culture and traditions could be lost

70. Which of the following is an economic disadvantage of tourism?

a. overcrowding and traffic jams

b. jobs are often seasonal and poorly paid

c. pollution and environmental damage

71. What is economic leakage?

a. when people steal from tourists

b. when money leaves a country

c. when people don’t pay their taxes

72. Which of the following is an environmental disadvantage of tourism?

a. new buildings may disrupt ecosystems

b. conflict between tourists and locals

c. some countries are too reliant on tourism income

73. What is responsible tourism?

a. This is tourism that is conducted in a more responsible manner as tourists will do their best to
minimize any negative social, environmental or economic impacts on the local people.

b. Responsible tourism is making sure that tourists are responsible for the amount of pollution that
they are making as they travel.

c. Responsible tourism is an organization that aims at making sure that people do not go on holiday to
far-off places.

74. Which of the following is a positive impact of tourism on the environment?

a. vandalism

b. increased littering

c. conservation of natural environments

d. increased congestion

75. Which of the following is a negative social impact?

a. increase in crime rate

b. increase in congestion

c. increase in carbon footprint

d. increase in pollution

76. Tourism can contribute to foreign exchange earnings, tax revenues for governments and
payment of wages. These are ___

a. environmental impacts
b. political impacts

c social impacts

d economic impacts

77. The term leakage describes which phenomenon?

a. tourism expenditure that goes to the government (taxes)

b. tourism expenditure flowing out of the host country

c. tourism expenditure that flows out of the tourist-generating country

d. tourism expenditure that is not calculated by the multiplier effect

78. Select the positive environmental impact of tourism

a. Protection of endangered animals because of their tourist attraction status

b. Education is improved

c. Healthcare is improved

d. Local cultures are promoted

79. An aesthetic issue, referring to the impacts of pollution that impair one's ability to enjoy a
view

a. marine pollution

b. sound pollution

c. eco-friendly communities

d. visual pollution

80. Which of the following definitions best describes sustainable?

a. something that can be used once

b. interactions between people and their environment

c. something that can be thrown away easily

d. something that can be used multiple times

81. Which of the following are all negative impacts of mass tourism?

a. Most profit kept by travel company, seasonal tourism jobs, tourists may be poorly behaved

b. Seasonal tourism jobs, increased sewage, money brought to local economy

c. Bad behavior of tourists, income from tourists reinvested into environment and local community
projects
d. Traffic congestion, improved roads, income increased for the tourism industry.

82. Impacts on communities from travel and tourism may be economic, social, and
environmental.

a. True

b. False

83. Tourism based on observing and preserving the natural environment and culture of a
destination area is called ___

a. heritage tourism

b. ecotourism

c. local tourism

d. seasonal tourism

84. What is the definition of 'sustainable tourism’?

a. meeting the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet
their own needs.

b. tourism directed towards exotic natural environments, intended to support conservation efforts and
observe wildlife.

c. type of niche tourism, involving exploration or travel with a certain degree of risk, and which may
require special skills and physical exertion.

85. Select the positive environmental impact of tourism

a. Healthcare is improved

b. Education is improved

c. Protection of endangered animals because of their tourist attraction status

d. Local cultures are promoted

86. This type of tourism maximizes the positive impacts of tourism and minimizes the negative
impacts of tourism on the host country.

a. sustainable tourism

b. reliable tourism

c. ecotourism

d. responsible tourism

87. Which of the following is a positive impact of tourism on the environment?

a. vandalism
b. increased littering

c. conservation of natural environments

d. increased congestion

88. Preservation of animals and their habitat is an example of

a. positive economic impact

b. negative economic impact

c. positive environmental impact

d. negative environmental impact

89. Which of the following is a negative economic impact?

a. increase employment opportunities

b. seasonal unemployment

c. increase congestion

d. dilution of culture

90. Which of the following is a negative social impact?

a. increase in crime rate

b. increase in congestion

c. increase in carbon footprint

d. increase in pollution

91. Some of the benefits of franchising provided to the franchisee EXCEPT

a. increased market share and recognition

b. national advertising

c. centralized reservation system

d. listing in the franchise's directory

92. Difficulty in maintaining control of standards and the need to be very careful in the selection
of franchisees is an example of what?

a. The drawbacks that the franchise company can experience

b. The drawbacks inherent in management contracts

c. The drawbacks to becoming a new franchisee

d. The drawbacks to rapid growth of the hotel industry

93. Hotel companies are opting for management contracts over ownership because ___

a. less capital is tied up with management compared to owning properties

b. selling an existing property and entering into a management contract guarantees at least a 50%
return on investment for all properties

c. management contracts can be broken more easily than selling a property if the economy goes bad

d. rapid expansion overseas requires the agility provided by a management company

94. Which is a franchisor?

a. starts a business

b. takes over a business

c. buys into an existing brand

d. allows others to use their brand name

95. What is a franchise?

a. where a business sells the rights to their brand

b. where you have full control

c. where you keep all the profits

96. Fee paid from franchisee to franchisor based on percentage of sales

a. advertising fee

b. franchise fee

c. royalty fee

d. license fee

97. Which is not a major advantage of franchising for a franchisor?

a. increased revenue

b. brand awareness

c. new locations without financial responsibility

d. none of these

98. When should you consider franchising if you want to expand your business?

a. lack money

b. lack time

c. lack personnel
d. all of above

99. A Franchisee has total control of their business

a. true

b. false

100. The Franchisee can benefit from using the brand name of the Franchise, as well as
advertising and marketing.

a. true

b. false

101. There is no set up fee involved in setting up a Franchise.

a. true

b. false

102. Opening a branch of a successful business as a Franchise, is a guaranteed way of making

money.

a. true

b. false

103. What is the definition of a franchise?

A A business strategy based on intimidating, as close as legally possible, a larger more successful
company.

B A small business structure wherein the owner puts up their own capital and has complete control
over all operational decisions.

C A business arrangement where an individual pays a larger company for the rights to use their name
and general business plan.

D None of these statements accurately defines a franchise.

104. Which of the following fees are NOT associated with a franchise?

A Royalty B Advertising Fee

C Franchise Fee D Facility Fee

105. What can be a disadvantage associated with the use of a franchise?

A Proven business and system for franchisor B Lack of flexible decision-making for franchisee

C Brand recognition for franchisor D Turnkey operation for franchisee

106. What could happen if a franchisee fails to conform to the franchise requirements?

A The franchisor will sell the franchise to another franchisee.

B The franchisee is sentenced by law.

C The franchisee will lose the franchise.

D The franchisor will double the royalty fee.

107. Which of the following best describes a franchise?

A. A licensing arrangement between a company and another party licensing the use of the company
name, products and processes

B. A cheap turnkey operation where the owner has little responsibility

C. A family-owned business where the family agrees to pass its management down through the next
generation

108. Hotels focus on meeting and conferences and overnight accommodation for meeting
attendees

A Casino Hotels

B Conference Hotels

C Vacation Rentals

D Bed and Breakfast / Homestays

109. Globalization is a process of ___

A understanding the creation of globes in different nations

B integration and interaction among people, companies, and nations

C bringing globes together as one.

110. The rapid growth of tourism in the last decades has been supported by globalization.

A true b false

111. The two main instruments of globalization are:

a. national trade and shipping

b media communication and merchandise mobilization

c international trade and media communication

112. Globalization can lead to the development and spread of disease.

a. True b. False

113. Many outside forces can affect the future of the hospitality industry such as economic
recession, war, terrorism, rising oil prices, political forces, economic expansion in Asia.

a. True b. False
114. It is NOT the main principles of sustainable tourism are ___

a. environmental

b. social

c. residential

d. economic

115. ICT stands for ___

A. Information and Communication B International Communication Technology

Technology

C Inter Common Terminology D Inter connected Terminals

116.Sustainable tourism is defined as..

a. tourism that has a low impact on the environment and local culture

b. when people travel to natural places

c. when people go on an animal safari which supports local business

117. Ecotourism has a focus on having no impact on the local environment.

a. Tue

b. false

118.The sharing economy is built on the sharing of certain resources. Which resource is wrong?

a. human

b. physical

c. financial

d. intellectual

119.Which one of these is NOT an advantage of the shared economy?

A The consumer saves money

B Reduces underuse of resources

C Services offered in the shared economy are better

D Takes care of environment

120. IoT means ___

 a. Inter Office Trunks b. Internet of Things c. Internet of Think d. International of
Things

121. What statement suits the Internet of Things best?

A refers to the billions of devices around the world that are connected to the internet.

B The Internet of Things aims to build reliable software

C The Internet of Things aims to connect humans and things

122. IoT devices should always be updated.

a True b False

123. IoT components use a wired or wireless computer network to connect and communicate.

a True b False

124. Which are the big challenges of IoT?

a. none at all b. security and privacy c. it is very easy to create and

implement

125. What are the benefits of using IoT?

A The data obtained is real time B Limited data obtained

C The data obtained is difficult to observe D The data obtained is difficult to analyze

126. One use of IoT is ___

a. computer

b. laptop

c. smart home

127. In tourism, the element represents the demand for and forms of tourism is called ___
a. destination

b. dynamic

c. consequential

128. The unimportant element for tourism in 21st century is ___

a. globalization and global conflict

b. development of ICT

c. infrastructure

d. sustainability, climate change

129. An effect of globalization on tourism is that it caused a ___.

a. reduce the power of national government

b. flow of tourists from poor to rich countries

c. stabilization of the local markets

130. Devices on a P2P network have an ___ status.

a equal

b unequal

c identical

131. What does P2P stand for?

a. peer two peer

b. point 2 point

c. pear too pear

d. peer to peer

132. Which refers to a P2P?

a. all clients are equal but some are more equal than others

b. none are equal

c. all the clients are equal

133. What is Airbnb?

A An online store

b. website with cheap flights

c. An online hospitality service

134. What does Airbnb stand for?

A Air bed and breakfast

B Air, brunch and booked

C The abbreviation of the founders' names

135. How does Airbnb work?

A There are a list of phones of the people renting rooms

B It lets people rent out their properties or spare rooms to guests

C You upload pictures of thing you want to sell

136. What is the main benefit of the Airbnb?

A It's cheaper than hotels

B It's closer to touristic places

C It's more personal

137. How does tourism impact the economy?

A It determines export trends.

B It creates jobs.

C It predicts the Gross National Product of a nation.

138. What does UNWTO stand for?

A United Nation World Tourism Organization

B United Nation World Trade Organization

139. All travelers are tourist

A. true B. false

140. Most of excursionists are tourists passengers

a. true b. false

141. You can experience the working life of farmers in an eco-tour

a. true b. false

142. You can enjoy homemade products in a farm stay tour

a. true b. false
143. Everyone who loves nature may take part in an adventure tour

a true b false

144. One of the big challenges of IoT is security a true b false

145. Tourism was considered as a tool for economic regeneration a true b false

146. Standardized technical definitions of tourism help the local government understand the influence
of tourism on their economies. a true b false

147. The large number of SMES will ensure the environmental sustainability. a true b false

148. Adventure tours give tourists strange feelings. a true b false

149. The most visible economic benefit of tourism is employment. a true b false

150. One of the advantages of OTS is facilitating access for tourism suppliers to markets throughout
the world.

a true b false

151. The use of IoT has improved the sustainability of tourism:

a true b false

14. One of the advantages of tourism is the improvement of the economic structure of a destination
region.

a true b false

152. The emergence of digital platform has created a global market for property owners.

a true b false

153. Rural tourism may stop outward migration in the areas.

a true b false

154.With the rapid development of tourism, the process of tourism standardization has been fast.

a true b false

155. In tourism, smart phones are very helpful because they help tourists get information about
attractions close by,

transport and traffic status, wait-time at attractions, and the weather.

a true b false

156. The rapid growth of tourism in the last decades has been supported by globalization.

a true b false

157. Demand-side perspectives consider tourism consumption and identify the characteristics of
tourists.
a true b false

CHAPTER 8 SOCIAL AND CULTURAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM

Question: Decide whether the sentences are true or false True False

1. Socio-cultural consequences of tourism are the most obvious and easiest to

measure. (P.189)

2. Cultural impacts usually refer to material and non-material forms of culture

and processes of cultural change. (P.189)

3. Interpersonal relations, social conduct, crime, safety, religion, language, and

health are regarded as social impacts. (P.189)

4. In reality, tourism can be seen as a force for rapid and undesirable social
change. (P.189)

5. Tourism can be seen as a chance to understanding unfamiliar people, places

and culture. (P.190)

6. Deeper understanding, tolerance, and respect for different religious, and

moral and philosophical belief is a positive socio-cultural impact of tourism.
(P.190)

7. Tourists’ sensitivity to the cultural and social norms of the host destination
is an important support for a deeper understanding, tolerance, and respect for
different religious, and moral and philosophical belief. (P.190)

8. A poor understanding between cultures can potentially lead to the breaking

down of negative stereotypes. (P.191)

9. Discrimination or rude and hostile behavior are resulted from prejudices.

(P.191)

10. Tourism is described as a force of peace (P.191)

Question: Chose the correct answer

1. Improved standard of living is a potential positive ----- impact of tourism. (P.190)

a. economic b. environmental c. socio-cultural

2. Prejudices are often ----- and tend to emphasize the ----- attributes. (P.191)

a. accurate & positive b. inaccurate & negative c. accurate & positive

3. Countries with a ----- and ----- tourism sector tend to be peaceful. (P.191)

a. more sustainable & open b. less sustainable & open c. sustainable & close

4. Young people in the host community can become actively involve in art forms or traditions that
are mainly kept alive by an older generation thanks to ----- (P.191)

a. tourists’ positive attention b. tourists’ positive curiosity c. tourists’ positive engagement

5. The ----- of tourists for local culture, arts, traditions or customs can increase the cultural pride
of the local community and revive aspects of this culture that might have been declining. (P.191)

a. curiosity b. admiration d. engrossment

6. Tourism development brings ----- to the destination for the local population. (P.192)

a. infrastructural b. better quality of residents’ c. employment opportunities

improvements life

7. Infrastructural improvements include ----- (P.192)

a. local environment b. water, electricity supply c. redevelopment of neglected

enhancement provision areas

8. Relations between tourists and the host community can be tense due to ----- (P.193)

a. conflict of interests b. displacement c. commodification

9. Tourists enjoying a beach holiday may complain about noise created by fishermen when they
bring in their catch in the early morning, or may be deterred by a new farm building erected in a
rural landscape. This is an example of ----- (P.193)
a. conflict of interests b. displacement c. commodification

10. A potential negative socio-cultural impact of tourism on host community is ----- (P.193)

a. staged authenticity b. employment regeneration c. terrorism

Question: Decide whether the sentences are true or false True False

1. Actually, the beach, the sea, the landscape or the view, are not often owned
by tourism suppliers. (P.193)

2. In small coastal or rural destinations or historic towns, local residents may

experience delays and inconvenience in their daily activities. (P.194)

3. Luxury resorts and swimming pools put great pressure on the water supply.
(P.194)

4. Digging boreholes reduce the availability of water for local communities.

(P.194)

5. Local residents’ relations with the tourists is where they express their
frustration and dissatisfaction with tourism. (P.194)

6. Different racial backgrounds of tourists and the host population can result in
resentment. (P.195)

7. Tourism can increase local cultural pride. (P.195)

8. Tourists want to see and experience events, customs, traditions and other
aspects of culture that they perceive as genuine, real and meaningful. (P.195)

9. Over-commercialization may reduce the authenticity of the visitor

experience. (P.197)

10. Television and the Internet are now much more likely to contribute to the
changing tastes and behaviors of host populations than tourists alone. (P.197)
Question: Chose the correct answer

1. Such local resources as public transport, parking facilities, waste collections and hospitals are
put on pressure during periods of peak demand. This refers to which potential negative socio-
cultural impacts? (P.194)

a. pressure on limited b. displacement c. resentment

resources

2. Pressure on limited resources is very significant in -----. (P.194)

a. developed countries b. developing countries c. underdeveloped countries

3. When the economic impacts do not benefit the host community directly, ----- can build up.
(P.194)

a. conflict of interests b. resentment c. tension

4. Negative attitudes of the host community towards tourists can ----- the quality of the tourists’
experience. (P.194)

a. undermine b. discourage c. damage

5. Resentment within the local community can also be caused by -----. (P.195)

a. conflict of interests b. tourists’ behaviour c. displacement

6. A big different between the ----- of the tourist and the host community can cause a feeling of
inferiority in the host community. (P.195)

a. racial backgrounds b. financial power c. behaviour

7. That the local population does not feel a part of tourism development and does not share in the
benefits it brings is a contributing factor to -----. (P.195)

a. resentment b. conflict of interest c. loss of cultural pride

8. The development of cultural sites (heritage sites) for tourism needs to balance commercial
interests with the conservation of the ----- of the site. (P.196)
a. quality b. experience c. authenticity

9. On holiday, tourists are allowed to ----- themselves and what is most important in life. (P.202)

a. explore b. rediscover c. discover

10. Which is the negative socio-cultural impact on tourists? (P.204)

a. staged authenticity b. crime c. scams

Question: Match the terms with the appropriate definition

A. commodification B. authenticity C. staged authenticity D. demonstrative effect

E. standardization F. trinketization G. displacement H. cocacolonization

I. crime J. child labor K. social interaction L. broadening

experiences

1. Aspects of culture and the tourist experience (such as cuisine, festivals, housing, artifacts) are
considered to be traditional, original, unique, and intrinsically linked to the cultured thar is
visited. (P.195)

2. Events taking place annually may be performed weekly for the benefit of the tourist; or local
delicacies only cooked at certain times of year may be available all year round. (P.195)

3. the copying of tourists’ behaviours, dress codes or preferences by the host community. (P.197)

4. A value, a cultural aspect or an artefact is turned into a commodity: in other words, that is
commercialized. (P.197)

5. Everything becomes consumable and thus similar or familiar. (P.197)

6. Artefacts and crafts that are supposed to be the expression of a destination’s rich cultural
heritage may be mass-produced and sold as mere trinkets. (P.198)
7. The spreading of Western cultures and values throughout the world: Western cultural values
increasing their influence worldwide. (P.198)

8. Because of the influx of tourists, property and land prices have gone up, so that local residents
can no longer afford to buy or rent in the area. (P.200)

9. It can lead to an increased sense of a lack of safety within a host community. (P.200)

10. It divert children from education by encouraging them to sell souvenirs, provide street
entertainment. (P.200)

11. Holidays can provide opportunities to meet new people, be it fellow tourists or people form
the host community. (P.203)

12. On holiday, tourists not only get the opportunity to visit a place they might not have been to
before, they can also easily engage in activities that are new to them. (P.203)

Question: Decide whether the sentences are true or false True False

1. Commercialization may lead to staged authenticity.

2. When there is a big financial divide between the tourist and the host
community, and when the fact that of being in another country give the sex
tourist a feeling of being ‘untouchable’, children may also be involved in
prostitution and sex industry. (P.200, 201)

3. Positive socio-cultural impacts on tourists mostly have to do with a sense of

psychological and physiological well-being. (P.202)

4. Holidays can reduce the risk of stress-related illness such as heart-diseases.

(P.202)

5. On holiday, tourists may be faced with new situations or unexpected

problems that need to be dealt with. (P.203)

6. Tourism that have a close experience of these attacks may experience high
levels of anxiety and tension in their daily lives after their return from holiday.
(P.204)