Explain: Types of Variables

In this course important vocabulary will be italicized. When you see an italicized word, pay careful
attention. These words are critical to understand well. Be sure to take notes on them or make flash
cards. You may wish to review them using the glossary located in each unit overview page as
well as the resources module located above Unit 1.

Ready? Let's get started!

A variable is an attribute that is used to describe a person, place, thing, or idea. Variables can be
classified as either qualitative (i.e., categorical) or quantitative (typically numeric).

Study the examples and definitions below and add them to your notebook. You will need to
understand the distinction between these types of variables in order to answer questions on your
exam.

As much as possible, we'll use a table like the one below to make important concepts stand out. This
is also a good way to contrast two opposing ideas, so be sure to read these carefully. You may
write them into your notebook this way, too.

Qualitative vs. Quantitative

Definitions Examples

Qualitative variables are

also referred to as
categorical variables
because they describe
data that fits into
categories.
Qualitative variables are
usually not numeric but
sometimes they can be.
Eye color (Hazel, green, blue, etc.)
Pizza toppings (peppers, sausage, anchovies, etc.)
Vehicle type (SUV, sedan, sports car, pickup truck,
etc.)
Groupings such as "over 50 years old", "type 1", and
"the 1990's" are all categorical even though they
contain numbers.
Quantitative variables are
also referred to as
Heights of students in your class
numeric variables
Population of U.S. cities
because they describe
Elevations of the world's highest mountain peaks
data that can be
measured numerically.