Principle of Concrete Technology/ Ch.3 Dr.

Zainab AL-Salami

Aggregate of Concrete

Sieve Analysis
This is the name given to the operation of dividing a sample of aggregate into various
fractions, each consisting of particles of the same size. The sieve analysis is
conducted to determine the particle size distribution in a sample of aggregate, which
we call gradation.
‫ ﯾﺘﻜ�ﻮن ﻛ�ﻞ ﻣﻨﮭ�ﺎ ﻣ�ﻦ‬، ‫ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﺬي ﯾﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﻧﻤﻮذج ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻛﺎم إﻟﻰ أﺟﺰاء ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔ�ﺔ‬:‫اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻠﻲ‬
‫ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﺴﻤﯿﮭﺎ‬، ‫ ﯾﺘﻢ إﺟﺮاء ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻞ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺣﺠﻢ ااﻟﺤﺒﯿﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﻮذج ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻛﺎم‬.‫ﺣﺒﯿﺒﺎت ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ‬
‫ذ‬.‫اﻟﺘﺪرج‬
The aggregates used for making concrete are generally of the maximum size 80 mm,
40 mm, 20 mm, 10 mm, 4.75 mm, 2.36 mm, 600 microns, 300 micron, and 150
microns. The aggregate fraction from 80 mm to 4.75 mm are termed as coarse
aggregate, and those fraction from 4.75 mm to 150 microns are termed as fine
aggregate. The size 4.75 mm is a common fraction appearing both in coarse
aggregate and fine aggregate (C.A. and F.A.).

‫ﯾﺘﻢ اﺟﺮاء اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿ�ﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻠ�ﻲ ﻣ�ﻦ ﺧ�ﻼل اﻣ�ﺮار اﻟﻨﻤ�ﻮذج اﻟﺮﻛ�ﺎم ﻋﻠ�ﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋ�ﺔ ﻣ�ﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺧ�ﻞ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺳ�ﯿﺔ واﻟﺘ�ﻲ ﯾﻜ�ﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻞ اﻻﻋﻠﻰ ذو ﻓﺘﺤﺔ اﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻞ اﻟﺬي ﯾﻠﯿﺔ ﻧﺰوﻻ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻘ�ﺎس اﻻﺻ�ﻐﺮ ﻣ�ﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺧ�ﻞ ان اﻟﻤ�ﺎدة اﻟﻤﺤﺠ�ﻮزة‬
‫ واﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة ﻓﻲ أي ﻣﻨﺨﻞ ﺳﺘﻜﻮن ﻋﺎﺑﺮة ﻣﻦ ﻛ�ﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺧ�ﻞ‬. ‫ﻋﻠﻰ أي ﻣﻨﺨﻞ ﺳﻮف ﺗﺤﺠﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺧﻞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﯿﮫ‬
.( ‫اﻟﻲ ﻓﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﮭﺬا ﯾﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘﯿﺔ او اﻟﻤﺎرة اﻟﻤﺘﺮاﻛﻤﺔ ) اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬

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Principle of Concrete Technology/ Ch.3 Dr. Zainab AL-Salami

Fineness Modulus
a single factor computed from the sieve analysis is sometimes used, particularly in
the united states. This is the fineness modulus define as (1/100 ) of the sum of the
cumulative percentage retained on the sieves of the standard series. However, it is
clear that one parameter, the average, cannot be representative of the distribution;
thus, the same fineness modulus can represent an infinite number of totally different
size distribution or grading curves. The fineness modulus cannot be used as a single
description of the grading of aggregate. However, it is valuable for measuring slight
variations in the aggregate from the same source. The fineness modulus indicates the
probable behavior of a concrete mix mad with aggregate having a certain grading and
the use of the fineness modulus an assessment of aggregate and in mix proportioning
has many supporters.
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣ�ﻞ اﻟﻨﻌﻮﻣ��ﺔ ھ��ﻮ اﺣ��ﺪ اﻟﻌﻮاﻣ��ﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﻔ��ﺮدة اﻟ��ﺬي ﯾﺤﺴ��ﺐ ﻣ�ﻦ ﻧﺘ��ﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿ��ﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻠ��ﻲ ﯾﺴ��ﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺧﺎﺻ��ﺔ ﻓ��ﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﻣ��ﻞ‬
‫ ﯾﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻧﮫ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻨﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺮاﻛﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺨﻞ ﻣ�ﻦ ﺳﻠﺴ�ﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺧ�ﻞ‬.‫اﻟﻮﯾﻼﯾﺖ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة‬
mm). ‫ ﻣﺎﯾﻜﺮون( وﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ اﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻨﺨﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬150 ,300 , 600 ,1.18 ,2.36 ,4.45
‫ﻻﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻨﻌﻮﻣﺔ ﻛﻮﺻﻒ ﻟﺘﺪرج اﻟﺮﻛﺎم وﻛﻨﺔ ذو اھﻤﯿ�ﺔ ﻟﻘﯿ�ﺎس اﻻﺧﻨﻼﻓ�ﺎت اﻟﺒﺴ�ﯿﻄﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺻ�ﻠﺔ ﻓ�ﻲ‬
‫رﻛﺎم اﻟﻤﺼﺪر اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﻓﺎﻧ�ﺔ ﯾﺒ�ﯿﻦ ﺣ�ﺪود ﻣﻌﯿﻨﯿ�ﺔ ﯾﻌﻄ�ﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﻣ�ﻞ اﻟﻨﻌﻮﻣ�ﺔ ﻓﻜﻠ�ﺮة ﺳ�ﻠﻮﻛﯿﺔ ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻠ�ﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻠﻄﺔ ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﯿﺔ ﻣﺼﻨﻔﺔ ﺑﺮﻛﺎم وﺗﺪرﺟﻤﻌﯿﻦ ھﺬا اﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪ ﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻓ�ﻲ ﺗﻘﯿ�ﯿﻢ اﻟﺮﻛ�ﺎم ﻓ�ﻲ‬
.‫ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻤﯿﻢ اﻟﺨﻠﻄﺔ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﯿﺔ‬
( 3.1 -2.3) ‫ﻋﺎدة ﯾﺘﺮاوح ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻨﻌﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﺎﺑﯿﻦ‬

The following limits may be taken as guidance:

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‫‪Principle of Concrete Technology/ Ch.3‬‬ ‫‪Dr. Zainab AL-Salami‬‬

‫‪Example: show which is the aggregate below conform to the grading requirement s.‬‬
‫‪the weight of the sample is 307g.‬‬

‫‪Sieve‬‬ ‫‪Mass‬‬ ‫‪Percentage‬‬ ‫‪Cumulative Cumulative‬‬ ‫‪ASTM %‬‬

‫‪size‬‬ ‫‪Retained Retained%‬‬ ‫‪Retained % Passing %‬‬
‫)‪(mm‬‬
‫)‪(g‬‬
‫‪9.5‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪100- 0=100‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬
‫‪4.75‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪(6/307)*100=2‬‬ ‫‪100-2=2‬‬ ‫‪100- 2=98‬‬ ‫‪95-100‬‬
‫‪2.36‬‬ ‫‪31‬‬ ‫‪(31/307)*100=10.1‬‬ ‫‪12.1‬‬ ‫‪100- 12.1=89.9 80-100‬‬
‫‪1.18‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪(30/307)*100=9.8‬‬ ‫‪21.9‬‬ ‫‪100- 21.9=78.1 50-85‬‬
‫‪0.6‬‬ ‫‪59‬‬ ‫‪(59/307)*100=19.2‬‬ ‫‪41.1‬‬ ‫‪100- 41.1=58.9 25-60‬‬
‫‪0.3‬‬ ‫‪107‬‬ ‫‪(107/307)*100=34.9 76‬‬ ‫‪100- 76=24‬‬ ‫‪10-30‬‬
‫‪0.15‬‬ ‫‪53‬‬ ‫‪(53/307)*100=17.3‬‬ ‫‪93.3‬‬ ‫‪100- 93.3=6.7‬‬ ‫‪2-10‬‬
‫‪Pan‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪(21/307)*100=6.9‬‬ ‫‪------‬‬
‫‪ꜫ=246.4‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ‪ ..‬اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻟﻐﺎﻣﻖ ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺑﺴﺆال‬
‫ﻧﺤﺴﺐ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﻮزن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ ‪ 100‬اﻟﻌﻤﻮد اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻮد اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺗﺮاﻛﻤﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎة اﻟﺴﮭﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻮد اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺎرة ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺨﻞ ‪ -100‬اﻟﻌﻤﻮد اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻮد اﻻﺧﯿﺮ ھﻲ اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺔ اﻻﻣﺮﯾﻜﯿﺔ اﻟﻲ ﺗﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻌﻤﻮد اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ھﻞ ھﻲ ﺿﻤﻦ اﻟﻤﺪى‬

‫‪The aggregate conform to the grading specifications requirement‬‬

‫ﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻨﻌﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﺬي ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺧﻞ ﻣﻘﺴﻮﻣﺔ ‪100 /‬‬

‫‪F.M=246.4/100= 2.464‬‬

‫اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬
‫‪ ASTM‬ﻧﺮﺳﻢ ﺣﺪود اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺔ اﻻﻣﺮﯾﻜﯿﺔ ﺑﺨﻄﯿﻦ ﻟﻠﺮﻗﻢ اﻻول ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻻدﻧﻲ واﻟﺮﻗﻮ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ اﻻﻋﻠﻰ‪.‬‬
‫وﯾﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج ﻣﺎ ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻤﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻨﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﻤﻌﺔ ‪,,‬‬

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Principle of Concrete Technology/ Ch.3 Dr. Zainab AL-Salami

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Principle of Concrete Technology/ Ch.3 Dr. Zainab AL-Salami