SECOND TERM E-LEARNING NOTES

VISUAL ART SCHEME OF WORK

SS 3 SECOND TERM

WEEK TOPIC
1. Revision of last term’s work
2. Layout and Book illustration: (a) Layout features: i. columns ii. Margin iii. spine iv.
bleeding v. blurb etc. (b) book cover design
3. Layout and Book illustration(b) Illustration techniques on computer using free hand
tools (i) straight lines with segments (ii) curve lines (iii) geometric shapes: shaping your
rectangle or square, stretching and reducing your objects, drawing Arc, adding symbol
to a drawing.
4. Stencils: (a) Paper stencil cutting (b) Materials needed for paper stenciling (c) Screen
stencil laying and cutting
5. Photography: (i)Types of Camera: double lens Reflex, Single lens Reflex, box camera,
bellow camera. (ii) terminologies in photography (iii) parts of SLR camera.
6. Photography: Terminologies in photography:- focus, snap, view, panning (b) Parts of a
SLR camera i.e. aperture, lens, view finder etc.
7. MID- TERM BREAK
8. Photography: Photographic materials and equipment i.e. Camera, film etc. (b)
Photographic Process: loading, snap-shooting
9. Revision
10. Mock WASSCE/NECO SSCE Examinations.

WEEK 1 Revision of last term’s work

WEEK 2

TOPIC: LAYOUT AND BOOK ILLUSTRATION

CONTENT:

(a) Layout features and book illustration

(1) Columns

(2) Margin

(3) Spine

(4) Bleeding

(5) Blurb
 Book-cover design is the outer part of a book designed to protect and pass enough information about it.
Also, it is the pictorial interpretation of the segments of a book through fascinating pictures.

EVALUATION

(1) Give the definition of the following (a) book cover design (b)book illustration

(2) List features of a layout and book illustration design (b) explain any 4 of these features.

WEEKEND ACTIVITY

(1) Produce a page layout of a 3 column magazine on an A4 paper size.

(2) Use computer draw a composition of human figures.

PRE-READING REFERENCE TEXT

(1) New Trends and Techniques of Arts for secondary schools book 2 by Oyedun Y.F. page 139-142.

REFERENCE TEXT

1. New Trends and Techniques of Arts for Secondary Schools book 2 by Oydeun Y.F.

2. Cultural and creative Arts Made Easy by Ibrahim Banjoko.

WEEK 3

TOPCI: LAYOUT AND BOOK ILLUSTRATION

CONTENT

(b) Illustration techniques on computer using free hand tools or drawing with computer (Corel draw).

Sub-Topic 1:

Draw straight lines (freehand) using mouse.

To draw a straight line, take the following steps

(i) Choose drawing pen from your tool box

(ii) Place the cursor where you want the line to start from and click

Drag the cursor along a particular direction and you will see the line following the cursor.
 To stop the line’s continuation, you just click again.

(a) Straight lines with segments:

(i) Place the cursor where you want the line to start.

(ii) Click and position the cursor where you want line segment to end and next segment to start, and then
double click.

(iii) Repeat this until you get to the last segment.

(iv) For the last segment, place the cursor where you want the line to end and then click.

(b) Curve lines:

(i) Place the cursor a the beginning of the line

(ii) Drag the cursor along the path of the curve.

(iii) Release the mouse button at the end of the curve

Release
Start here
button here

Shaping curved lines: you can shape a curved line with mouse by holding the button down on it and
dragging it. This could be achieved through the following procedures.

(i) Use to draw simple curved line/ you may magnify it with tool to make it more visible so that it would
be easier to work on.

(ii) Choose from the toolbox, the cursor becomes.

(iii) Hold the mouse button down on the part of the curve you want to shape

(c) Geometric shapes: common geometric shapes for graphic works are circles, rectangle, square, oval and
arc.

(i) Choose from the tool box after it has highlighted in the tool to and the cursor has changed from cursor
has changed from to this

(ii) Move the cursor to the page on the screen

(iii) Press and hold the mouse button thereafter, you will discover that a rectangle has been drawn.

For square: take the same step but press and hold the control key as you are dragging, by the time you
release the control key, it will give a square shape.
 Shaping your rectangle or square:

After drawing the square or rectangle, you may shape the edges through the following processes.

(i) Choose from the tool box

(ii) Wait until the cursor changes from to

(iii) Select the rectangle by clicking on it with

(iv) Place on the nodes at any corner of the rectangle or square

(v) Press and hold the mouse button before dragging the node along the outline of the rectangle or square
as far as it will go

(vi) Release the button and you will discover that the angles of the rectangle have been shaped to a round
form.

Former shape New shape

Stretching and reducing your objects:

Objects could be stretched to change its size through the following procedures.

(i) Stretch with

(ii) Place the cursor on any of the nodes at the edges of the object (not the corner e.g. rectangle

(iii) Click and hold the mouse button. Drag away from the square.

Enlarged Reduced

Drawing circle, eclipse or oval

(i) Select from the toolbox

(ii) Place your cursor on the printable page

(iii) Drag up and down and then release the mouse button.

Shaping circle

(i) Choose from the box

(ii) Press and hold control key

(iii) Drag to the direction of your choice

Release the control key

Drawing Arc:

(i) Select an eclipse with?

(ii) Place on one of the eclipse nodes

(iii) Press and hold the mouse button and drag in a circle outside the outline of the eclipse

(iv) Release the button. You will notice that when you drag. The node splits into two with one node at each
end of the arc. The shape and size of the arc changes as you drag.

Dragging Final arc

Adding symbol to a drawing

Apart from the drawing of shapes, symbol may be added to the drawing.

There are thousands of graphic symbols in the symbol library, which could be used directly or be edited
before use.
 To check the symbol rolls up

(i) Choose special from menu bar

(ii) Scroll through the list and click any of the categories

(iii) Scroll through the available symbols using up and down arrows below preview box.

(iv) Hold the mouse button down on a symbol and drag to where it would appear on the page.

WEEKEND ACTIVITY

With the following steps

(1) Form geometrical shapes of different sizes

(2) Using these shapes form a design for a club or an industry or a book cover design.

PRE-READING

Senior Secondary Visual Arts by Bayo Okunlola

Pages 78-82

REFERENCE

(1) Senior Secondary Visual Arts by Bayo Okunlola.

(2) Cultural and creative Arts made easy for schools and colleges by Ibrahim Banjoko.

WEEK 4

SUBJECT: VISUAL ART

CLASS: SS3 SECOND TERM

TOPIC: STENCILS

CONTENT:

A. Paper stencil cutting

B. screen stencil laying and cutting

Stencil is a process of print making whereby pattern, designs or letters are

being cut on tin-sheet metal cardboard, film etc. for the purpose of printing

SUBTOPIC 1: Paper Stencil Cutting

The paper stencil cutting: paper or cardboard can serve as a stencil. Images,
patterns, design or letters are drawn and the part to be printed are cut off with
stencil knife or cutter, leaving some narrow columns to hold the various forms
or part together.

MATERIALS NEEDED FOR PAPER STENCILING

1. Paper or cardboard, shipboard

2. Text fast ink, gloss paint
3. Foam
4. Masking tape
5. Cutter or stencil knife
6. Ruler
7. Pencil
8. Thinner
9. Flat board
10. Fabric wax

N.B: Teacher should lead student in preparing a simple stencil (banner)

SUBTOPIC 2:

Screen stencil laying and cutting

Design in screen printing are created through the stencilling method, paper or
cardboard can serve as a stencil images are drawn and the part to be blocked
are cut off with stencil knife, leaving some narrow column to hold the various
forms or parts together. The stencil is then fixed unto the mesh surface and
print out using squeeze

EVALUATION

1. Define stencilling
2. What are the materials needed for banner
3. What are the procedure to paper stencil
4. What are the procedure to screen stencil
5. Defined banner

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. The following are the materials for paper stencil except

(a) Cardboard (b) stencil knife (c) fabric wax (d) oil colour
2. The art work which show writing on a large fabric cloth communicate to
the general public is called (a) cover (b) illustration (c)
monogram (d) banner
3. The big board used in advertising product and activities besides the major
road is called.
(a) Sign board (b) poster board (c) bill board (d) facing board
4. The artist commissioned t produce drawing for book publication is known
as _________. (a) illustrator (b) cartoonist (c) book (d) artist (d) book binder
 5. As a graphic designer, what are the points you have to consider to produce
a good poster
(a) Dominating, attractive and colour (b) attractive, interesting and
informative (c) colourful, rectangular and interesting (d) repetitive,
interesting and rectangular

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Produce a one meter mesh stencil for a stage backdrop

PRE-READING ASSIGNMENT

1. Study photocopy

WEEKEND ACTIVITY

Explain the type of camera

REFERENCE TEXT

1. Cultural creative arts made easy for schools and colleges by Ibrahim
Banjoko.
2. A comprehensive approach to Creative Art
3. Basic Terms in Visual Arts by O.K. Awokoya

WEEK 5

TOPIC: PHOTOGRAPHY

CONTENT: TYPES OF CAMERA

PHOTOGRAPHY is the process of recording pictures by means of capturing light on a light - sensitive
medium, such as a film or electron sensor.

TYPES OF CAMERA

1. Double Lens Reflex Camera

2. Single lens reflex camera
3. Box camera
4. Bellow camera
5. Video camera

Camera is the Latin word for ‘room’

Reflex camera: reflex camera use mirror to form an image of the scene to be photographed in the
viewfinder
 EARLY SLR forerunner to many modern camera

TERMINOLOGIES IN PHOTOGRAPHY.

1. White balance – a function on the camera to compensate for different colours of light being emitted by
different light source
2. Image resolution – the number of pixels in a digital photo is commonly referred to as its image
resolution,
3. Focusing – it is the process by which focus assist provide visible signal to tell when the subject is in
focus.
4. Metering – measuring of exposure at a mid tone so that highlight and shadows are exposed according
to the photographer’s wishes.
5. Resolution – is how many megapixels are on a CCD sensors in the digital camera
6. Pixel count – this is the number of individual pixels that go into marking each image.
FORMS OF PHOTOGRAPHY
1. Still photography
2. Motion photography.

Still photography – this is a photography taken and printed on single frame.

Motion photography – this is a continuous record of event or actions through the lens.

PARTS OF A SLR (single lens reflex) CAMERA

APERTURE – If control the diameter of the hole that the light passes through to let in more or less light.

LENS – it draw the light into the camera and focuses it on the film plane.

SHUTTER – it open and close to control the length of true light strike the film

SHUTTER RELEDSE – the button that releases or ‘trips’ the shutter mechanism.

VIEW FINDER – the ‘window’ through which you look to frame your picture.

CAMERA BODY – the casing of the camera which holds the camera pats.

FLASHES SHOE – this is the point which the flash or flash cube is mounted or attached.

SELF TIMER – this mechanism trips the shutter after a short delay.

POWER SWITCH – turn the camera status.

LCD (liquid crystal display) panel - The camera’s display.

DISPLAY CONTROL /MENU BUTTON – control the amount of information shown in the LCD and menus.

CONTROL BUTTONS – adjust various camera settings.

BATTERY COMPOARTMENT – contains the cells that power the camera.

EVALUATION

1. What is photography
2. State type of camera
3. Mention 5 term in photography
4. State 5 parts of camera and their functions.

GENERAL EVALUATION
1. The process of recording pictures by means of capturing light on a light – sensitive medium such as a
film or electronic sensor is called
a. Photography.
b. Camera
c. Sensitivity
d. Image resolution
2. One of these is not a type of camera
a. Double lens reflex camera
b. Single lens reflex camera
c. Box camera
d. Stone camera.
3. Camera is a word derived from
a. Roman
b. Latin
c. Yoruba
d. English
4. One is true of forms of photography

a. still photography

b. static photography

c. medical photography

d. economical photography

5. ----------- is the process by which ‘focus assist’ provides visible signal to tell when the subject is in focus.

a. metering

b. focusing

c. resolution

d. aperture

ESSAY TEST

1. Explain some of the terminologies of photography.

WEEK 6
TOPIC: PHOTOGRAPHY

CONTENT

TERMINOLOGIES IN PHOTOGRAPHY

1. FIRE – Slang for shooting a picture

2. HIGHLIGHTS – The brightest parts of a photo

3. PANNING – A photography technique in which the camera follows a moving subject.

4. PIXEL – Picture element; digital photographs are comprised of thousands or millions of them.
They are the building blocks of digital photo.

5. RED-EYE – The red glow from a subject’s eye caused by light from a flash reflecting of the
blood vessels behind the retina in the eye.

6. RGB – Red, Green, BLUE; The three colour to which the human visual system, digital cameras
and many other devices are sensitive.

7. SHUTTER SPEED; is the measurement of how long its shutter remain open as the picture is
taken.

8. LANDSCAPE – Take photos of wide scenes.

9. MACRO – Take close-up shots of small objects, flowers and insects. Lens can be moved close
to the subject than in other modes.

10. PORTRAIT; Main subject is clearly focused and the background is out of focus.

11. 150 SPEED – Traditionally used to set the film. Speed of the selected film on film cameras,
150 speeds are employed on modern digital cameras as an indication of the system’s gain from light
numerical output and to control the automatic exposure system.

12. AMBENT LIGHT – The natural light in a scene.

13. APERTURE - A small circular opening inside the lens that can change in diameter to control
the amount of light reaching the camera’s sensors as a picture is taken.

14. APPLICATION - A computer program such as an image editor or image browser.

15. CCD – Change coupled Device; one of the two main types of image sensors used in digital
cameras.

16. COMPACT FLASH – A common type of digital camera memory card, about the size of a
matchbook

17. DOWNLOADING – The process of moving computer data from one location to another.
18. DPI - Dots per inch; A measurement of the resolution of a digital photo or digital device,
including digital cameras and printers.

19. DODGING – Selectively lightening part of a photo with an image editing program.

20. GRAYSCALE – A photo made up of varying tones of black and white.

21. VIEW - It is a process when an object is focus through a view finder.

22. SATURATION – How rich the colour are in photo.

23. JPEG – It standard for compressing image data developed by the joint photographic experts
group, hence the name JPEG.

24. LCD – Liquid Crystal Display ; a low – power monitor often used on the top and or rear of a
digital camera to display settings or the photo itself.

25. RAW – The RAW image format is the data as it comes directly off the CCP, with no in-camera
processing is performed.

26. THUMBNAL – A small version of a photo.

27. USB – Universal serial Bus; a protocol for transferring data to and from digital devices.

28. DEPT OF FIELD; Depth of field is a technical term used to describe the ‘Zone’ of sharpness’
between nearest and furthest of a subject in focus.

29. FRAMING – Try to use various element to form a visual ‘frame’ around another element.

30. JPEG – Joint photographic experts group

EVALUATION

1. State 10 photographic terminologies and their meaning.

2. Explain the following terms;

i. White balance

ii. 1SO

iii. Image resolution

iv. Pixel count

v. LCD

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. The full meaning LCD is -----------

a. Liquid crystal display

 b. Lay crystal down

c. Len compartment Display

d. Liquid cement display

2. The full meaning of DPI is --------

a. Dot per inch

b. Dump per inch

c. Display per inch

d. Down per inch

3. A small circular opening inside the lens that can change in diameter to control the amount of
light reaching the camera’s sensor as picture is taken is called-------

a. Aperture

b. shutter speed

c. landscape

d. portrait

4. How rich the colour are in photo is called -------------

a. sensation

b. saturation

c. sensitisation

d. segmentation

5. ---------- is refer ti as a technical term used to describe the ‘zone’ of sharpness between
nearest and furthest of a subject in focus.

a. Dept of field

b. Development of field

c. Dump the field

d. Down the field

ESSAY TEST

State 10 terminologies of photography and their meaning

WEEK 7 MID TERM BREAK

WEEK 8
TOPIC: PHOTOGRAPHY

CONTENT

a. Photographic materials and equipment i.e. camera, film e.t.c.

b. Photographic process;- loading, snap – shooting

Photographic Materials;-

1. CAMERA – It is the tool through which light is passed unto the sensitive film
and then an image is formed after some manipulations on the tool.

2. FILM – It is a light sensitive component of the camera located at the back

on which the image are recorded.

3. EXTERNAL FLASH - A supplementary flash unit that connects to the camera

with a cable, or is triggered by the light from the camera’s internal flash.

4. COMPACT FLASH – A common type of digital camera memory card, about

the size of a march book.

5. FIRE WIRE – A type of cabling technology for transferring data to and from
digital devices at high speed.

6. MEMORY CARDS – It is a storage devise where items are stored.

7. ZOOM LENS – Magnifies or reduces the size of the image.

8. TRIPOD – Allows you to attach the camera to a firm support.

9. CAMERA BAG – Cameral accessories are kept in camera bag.

10. BATTERY CHARGER - Used to charge camera battery.

11. ENLARGER – Used to enlarge photographic images.

12. DEVELOPER – It is an aqueous solution of several chemicals that transforms

the exposed grains of silver bromide.
It makes the positive image on the paper visible to bromide.

DEVELOPING TANK- An instrument on which films are developed.

FIXER - a chemical added to preserve the negative image on the film.

PHOTOGRAPIC PROCESS

 LOADING- Loading of film in a camera.

 SNAP-SHOOTING- Process by which image is recorded in the memory of a
camera.
DEVELOPING A FILM - It is a simple method by which the roll of film used is made
to show the already absorbed images through light.
DEVELOPER- Makes the positive image on the paper visible.
CAMERA HOLDING- Process by which we hold camera with the support of the
frontal part of the camera with one hand and the other hand at the main body of
the camera.
FOCUSING- act of providing visible signal to tell when the subject is in focus.
 PRINTING- process when original photograph is printed when light passes
through negative film on to the paper coated with light sensitive emulsion.
THE FIXER- preserves the positive image on the paper.
WATER- for washing the print, thereby removing the fixer and Undeveloped
silver.
EVALUATION
1. State FIVE photographic materials.
2. State the processes of photographic production.
GENERAL EVALUATION
1. Is the tool through which light passed into the sensitive film and then an
image is formed after some manipulations on the tool.
A. Flash
B. Camera
C. Camera Bag
D. Battery charger.
2. The light sensible component of the camera on which images are recorded
is called _________
a. film
b. aperture
c. lens cover
d. flash
 3. An attachment to the camera that give additional light is called ______
a. flash
b. lens
c. film
d. lens cover
4. ______ helps to preserves the positive image on a paper
a. fixer
b. soda
c. Hydrosulphite
d. Lens
5. The process by which image is recorded in the memory of a camera is called
______
a. snap – shooting
b. short – shooting
c. snap – editing
d. shooting – shooting.

WEEK 9 REVISION

WEEK 10 REVISION

WEEK 11 MOCK WASSCE/NECO EXAMINATIONS