LANGUAGE RESEARCH 1

Statement of the Problem

This paper documents the stories and experiences of teachers in three

Public Elementary Schools in Tagaytay teaching lessons through a blernded learning
approach during COVID-19.
Specifically, it aims toprovide answers to the following questions:
1. What are the insights of the participants about their experiences on blended
learning during COVID-19 pandemic?
2. What are the challenges faced by the participants in conducting blended
teaching?
3. Howdo the participants adapt to these challenges?
4. What are the tools that worked and do not work for the participants in
implementing blended learning?
5. What improvements can be done with these tools?

6. What learning intervention plan may be proposed to improve Blended

Learning?
7. What is the validity of the proposed intervention plan?

Sample 2:
BLENDED LEARNING IN SPECIAL EDUCATION:
TEACHER'S CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES
Angelina Mendoza

Conceptual Framevwork
This study is based on the idea that teachers in the workplace experience
challenges as a result of various factors. In order to overcome such challenges, coping
mechanisms are oftentimes devised.
The inclusion of blended learning approach in place of traditional face to face
learning poses threat to teachers in the special education program. This will open new
challenges for teachers as they try to incorporate technology while teaching in the
margins.
The paradigm below introduces the study's variables and the mechanisms by
which it will be caried out using the input, process and output framework approach
Teacher's perspective, challenges in employing blended leaming and coping
mechanisms will serve as the input of the study
In order to answer the following research questions, the following processes
will be undertaken: collection of relevant literatures, setting up research assumption,

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development and administration of research instrument and statistical analysis and

interpretation of data.
hereto:
The output panel designates the outcomes of the study subsequent
Identitied the perspective of teachers towards blended learning, determined the
identified the
challenges experienced by teachers in emploving blended learning and
coping mechanisms used to address the challenges.
OUTPUT
INPUT PROCESS

Collection of Identified the

relevant Literatures perspective of
Teachers' teachers towards BL
perspective on BL Setting up research
assumption Determined the
Teachers' challenges
challenges in Development and experienced by
administration of
employing BL teachers in employing
Research
BL
Coping mechanism Instrument
used to address the (Interview guide) ldentified the coping
challenges Analysis and mechanisms used to
Interpretation of address the
Data through challenges
documentary
analysis

Figure 1. The Research paradigm.

Statement of the Problem

This study will investigate the experiences of special education teachers who
are using a blended learning approach. Specifically, itwill seek to answer the
following questions:

1. What are the teachers' perspectives about being special education teachers
employing a blended learning approach?

2. What are the challenges experienced by the special education teachers

employing a blended learning approach?

3. What are the coping mechanisms used by the specialeducation teachers

employing a blended learning approach?

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AMPLIFYING
CONCEPT

Significance of the Study

explainsHs0 wnat" of the study and report is covered in this part. It outlines or
the study's potential value to the field of language
education. Consequentiy
nIs part should specify who the study's target audience is and how the findings will
benefit them. Remember that the Durpose of research is to further
knowledge or to
address a problem; in this section, you should explain howyour particular
do this. study wll
The Significance of the Study section is meant to offer you space to describe
t0 your readers how precisely your research will add to the body of knowledge in the
topic yoU are researching. Here, you should discuss the value of your research to the
local area, its participants, and various institutions.
Considerations included in writing includes, contribution of the study to new
body of knowledge and then proceeding to specific people, and other organizations.
Hierarchy of importance should be followed, Meaning, when one crafts this section
while conducting a study in CSU Aparri, the order of significance should be from the
CSU in general, Campus in specific, Administrators, Teachers, Students, Parents and
Future Researchers.

Defining Scope and Delimitation

The scope and delimitations of a thesis define the topic and boundaries of the research
problem to be investigated.
The scope details how in-depth your study is to explore the research question and the
parameters in which it willoperate in relation to the population and timeframe.
The delimitations of a study are the factors and variables not to be included in the
investigation. In other words, they are the boundaries the researcher sets in terms of
study duration, population size and type of participants, etc.

Difference Between Delimitationsand Limitations

Delimitations refer to the boundaries of the research study, based on the researcher's
decision of what to include and what to exclude. They narrow your study to make it
more manageable and relevant to what you are trying to prove.
Limitations relate to the validity and reliability of the study. They are characteristics of
the research design or methodology that are out of your control but influence your

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research findings. Because of this, they determine the internal and external valiaty o
your study and are considered potential weaknesses.
viel words, Iimitations are what the researcher cannot do (elements outside or
neir control) and delimitations are what the researcher will not do (elements outsiae
Or the boundaries they have set), Both are important because they help to put ne
research findings into context, and although they explain how the study is limited,
they increase the credibility and validity of a research project.

Guidelines on How to Write a Scope

Agood scope statement willanswer the following six questions:

Why What Where When Who How

Why - the general aims and obiectives (purpose) of the research.

What -the subject to be investigated, and the included variables.
Where- the location or setting of the study, i.e. where the data will be gathered
and to which entity the data will belong.
When -the timeframe within which the data is to be collected.
Who - the subject matter of the study and the population from which they willbe
selected. This population needs to be large enough to be able to make
generalizations.
How - how the research is to be conducted, including a description of the research
design (e.g.whether it is experimental research, qualitative research or a case
study), methodology, research tools and analysis techniques.

To make things as clear as possible, you should also state why specific variables
were omitted from the research scope,and whether this was because it was a
delimitation or a limitation. You should also explain why they could not be overcome
with standard research methods backed up by scientific evidence.

How to Start Writing Your Study Scope

Use the below prompts as an effective way to start writing your scope:
This study is to focus on..
This study covers the..
This study aims to...

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Examples of scopes include:

research objectives,
research questions,
research variables,
target populations,
statistical analysis techniques.
Guidelines on How to Write Delimitations

Since the delimitation parameters are within the researcher's control, readers need
to know why they were set, what alternative options were available, and why these
alternatives were rejected. For example. if vou are collecting data that can be
derived from three different but similar experiments, the reader needs to understand
how and why you decided to select the one you have.
Your reasons should always be linked back to your research question, as all
dellmitations should result from trying to make your study more relevant to your
SCOpe. Therefore, the scope and delimitations are usually considered together when
writing a paper.

How to Start Writing Your Study Delimitations

Use the below prompts as an effective way to start writing your study delimitations:
This study is limited to...
The following has been excluded from this study...
This study does not cover...

Examples of Limitations in Research

Issues with sample and selection,
Insufficient sample size, population traits or specific participants for statistical
significance,
Lack of previous research studies on the topic which has allowed for further
analysis,
Limitations in the technology/instruments used to collect your data,
Limited financial resources and/or funding constraints.

Limitation implies building afence around the subject of research. This is with a
view to creatinga foundation for the non-inclusion of certain things in the study for
understandable reasons. The limitation of the study represents the things and
0ssues that constituted challenges in the process of investigations.

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