WIX1001 Computing Mathematics I

Semester 1 2021/2022

Tutorial 2 – Propositional Logic

1 Determine whether the statements below are propositions or not. If not, describe what type of
statement it is. If a statement is a proposition state the negation and determine the truth value (of
the original proposition, not the negation) wherever possible.

i) Malaysia is the capital city of Kuala Lumpur.

The statement is a proposition: Yes
Negation of proposition: Malaysia is not the capital city of Kuala Lumpur.
Truth value of proposition: False
ii) The previous statement is false.
The statement is a proposition: No.
iii) Are you really an artist?
The statement is a proposition: No.
Type of statement: A question
iv) Please sign the attendance list.
The statement is a proposition: No.
Type of statement: An instruction.
v) Countries in South East Asia experience snow every year.
The statement is a proposition: Yes
Negation of proposition: Countries in South East Asia do not experience snow every year.
Truth value of proposition: False

2 Given the conditional proposition “The bird sings when it is sunny” determine which are the
antecedent and consequent respectively. Then write the appropriate converse, inverse and
contrapositive propositions.
Antecedent: When it is sunny.
Consequent: The bird sings.
Converse: If the bird sings, then it is sunny.
Inverse: If it is not sunny, then the bird will not sing.
Contrapositive: The bird does not sing when it is not sunny.

3 Represent the proposition below symbolically

“When you have passed your courses and you do not have an overdue library book and you do not
owe money to the university, you can graduate”
A: You have passed your courses.
B: You have an overdue library book.
C: You owe money to the university.
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 WIX1001 Computing Mathematics I
Semester 1 2021/2022

D: You can graduate.

(A ∧ ~B ∧ ~C) → D

4 Determine the truth value for the propositions below. What is the truth value if p is false, q is true
and r is false?

i) ¬ p ⋁ ¬(q∧r )

¬ F ⋁ ¬ (T^F) = ¬ F ⋁ ¬ (F)

=T⋁T

=T
ii) ( p ⋁ ¬r )→¬(( q ⋁ r )⋁ (r ⋁ p))

(F ⋁ ¬F) → ¬ ((T ⋁ F) ⋁ (F ⋁ F)) = (F ⋁ T) → ¬ ((T ⋁ F) ⋁ (F ⋁ F))

= T → ¬ (T ⋁ F)
=T→¬T
=T→F
=F

5 Use De Morgan’s Law to find the negation of each of the following:

i Adam knows Java and Python.

A: Adam knows Java.

B: Adam knows Python.

A ∧ B: Adam knows Java and Python.

¬( A ∧ B) = A’ V B’

¬( A ∧ B): Adam doesn’t know Java or Python.

ii Maria will move to Canada or the United States next month.

A: Maria will move to Canada next month
B: Maria will move to the United States next month
AꓦB: Maria will move to Canada or the United States next month.
¬(A ꓦ B) : ¬A Ʌ ¬B
: Maria will not move to Canada and the United States next month.

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 WIX1001 Computing Mathematics I
Semester 1 2021/2022

6 Without using the truth table, proof the logical equivalence of the proposition below
i ¬(( p ∧¬ q ) ∧r ) ≡¬ p∨q∨¬r
¬ ((p ∧ ¬q) ∧ r) = ¬ (p ∧ ¬q) ∨ ¬r [De Morgan’s law]
= ¬ p ∨ q ∨ ¬r [De Morgan’s law] (Proven)

ii ¬( p∨¬( p∧q))≡ F
¬ (p ∨ ¬ (p∧q)) = ¬p ∧ (p ∧ q) [De Morgan’s law]
= (¬p ∧ p) ∧ q
=F∧q [Negation Law]
=F [Domination Law] (Proven)

7 Using truth table, determine whether the proposition below is a tautology, contradiction or
contingency.
i ( p𝗏q) ∧ ( ¬ p∧¬q )
p q ¬p ¬q p∨q ¬p∧¬q (p∨q) ∧ (¬p∧¬q)
T T F F T F F
T F F T T F F
F T T F T F F
F F T T F T F
The proposition is a contradiction.

ii (( p𝗏q) ∧( p→r )∧ (q→r ))→r

p q r p∨q p→r q→r (p∨q) ∧ (p→r) ∧ (q→r) ((p∨q) ∧ (p→r) ∧ (q→r)) → r
T T T T T T T T
T T F T F F F T
T F T T T T T T
T F F T F T F T
F T T T T T T T
F T F T T F F T
F F T F T T F T
F F F F T T F T
The proposition is a tautology.

iii ( p𝗏¬ p )∧( q𝗏¬q)

p q p∨¬p q∨¬q (p∨¬p) ∧ (q∨¬q)
T T T T T
T F T T T
F T T T T
F F T T T
The proposition is a tautology.

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 WIX1001 Computing Mathematics I
Semester 1 2021/2022

8 Determine the validity of the following statements:

i) If she walks, then she moves.
She moves.
She walks
Not valid

ii) If she walks, then she moves.

She walks
She moves
Valid

iii) If Liverpool wins then the price of Liverpool’s jersey will go up and if Man City wins, then
the price of Man City’s jersey will increase.
Liverpool wins or Man City wins.
The price of Liverpool’s jersey rises or the price of Man City’s jersey increases.
Valid

9 Determine the validity of the following statements:

i If some sheep are black, then some ducks are pink. It is not true that some ducks are pink.
Therefore, it is not true that some sheep are black.
Valid
ii Either she is right or she is wrong. If she is right, then he is wrong. If she is wrong, then he is
also wrong. Therefore, he is wrong either way.
Valid

10 If the following statements are all true, who killed Sara and where was Johan in 2007? Which piece
of information is not needed?

1. Johan was either in KL or in London in 2007

2. If Johan did not kill Sara, then Lim did
3. If Sara died of suffocation, then either Johan killed her, or Sara committed suicide.
4. If Johan was in KL in 2007, then Johan did not kill Sara.
5. Sara died of suffocation but she did not kill herself.

Johan killed Sara.

Johan was in London in 2007.
Statement 2 is not needed.

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