1

NMMS STUDY MATERIAL – 8TH SCIENCE (NEW BOOK) – TERM 2 – AIR

ghlk; - fhw;W

1. fhw;wpy; fhzg;gLk; iel;u[d; msT 78.09%

2. fhw;wpy; fhzg;gLk; Mf;[p]d; msT 20.95%
3. fhw;wpy; fhzg;gLk; Mh;fhd; msT 0.93%
4. ehk; Rthrpf;Fk; NghJ Mf;[p]d; thAit vLj;Jf;nfhz;L fhh;gd;il
Mf;i]L thAit ntsptpLfpd;Nwhk;.
5. jhtuq;fs; Rthrpj;jypd; NghJ Mf;[p]id vLj;Jf;nfhz;L fhh;gd;il
Mf;i]L thAit ntsptpLfpd;wd.
6. jhtuq;fs; xspr;Nrh;f;ifapd; NghJ fhh;gd;il Mf;i]L thAit
vLj;Jf;nfhz;L Mf;[p]id ntsptpLfpd;wd.
7. thfdq;fs; ntsptpLk; Gifapy; fhzg;gLk; khRg;nghUs;; fhh;gd;
Nkhdhf;i]L (CO) kw;Wk; ry;gh; il Mf;i]L (SO2).
8. Mf;[p]d; 1772 Mk; Mz;L ];tl
P d; ehl;ilr;Nrh;e;j ~PNy fz;lwpe;jhh;.
9. Mf;]p[d; vdg;ngahpl;lth; ytha;rpah;.
10.Mf;]p[d; vd;gjd; nghUs; mkpycUthf;fp.
11.mz;lj;jpy; gutyhf %d;whtJ ,lj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; jdpkk; Mf;]p[d;.
tspkz;lyj;jpy; jdpj;j epiyapy; fhzg;gLk; <uZ %yf;$W Mf;]p[d;.
12.Xspr;Nrh;f;ifapy; Kf;fpa gq;fspg;gJ #hpa xsp kw;Wk; gr;irak;.
13.tspkz;lyj;jpd; Nky; mLf;fpy; Mf;]p[d; XNrhd; vdg;gLk;.
14.XNrhd; xU %tZ %yf;$W MFk;.
15.Mf;]p[d; Fsph;ej
; ePhpy; cldbahf fiuAk;.
16.Mf;]p[d; fhw;iwtpl fdkhdJ.
17.vhpjYf;F JizGhptJ Mf;]p[d; MFk;.
18.Mf;]p[d; cNyhfq;fSld; tpidGhpe;J cNthf Mf;i]Lfis
jUfpwJ.
19.Mf;]p[d; mNyhfq;fSld; tpidGhpe;J mNyhfMf;i]Lfis jUfpwJ.
20.jhdhf jPg;gw;wp vhpaf;$baJ ntz;gh];gu];.
21.fhh;gidAk; i`l;u[idAk; nfhz;Ls;s Nrh;kq;fs; i`l;Nuh fhh;gd;fs;
vdg;gLk;.

M. Jalila. M.Sc.,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt.High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram – District.

www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770

 2

22.cNyhfq;fis ntl;b ,izf;Fk; nty;bq; Jiwapy; gad;gLtJ

Mf;]pmrpl;bypd; MFk;.
23.Mo;flypy; %o;Fgth;fs;, kiy VWgth;fs;, tpz;ntsp tPuh;fs;,
NehahspfSf;F gad;gLk; rpypz;lhpy; fhzg;gLk; thA Mf;]p[d;.
24.jhtuq;fs; tpyq;Ffspd; tsh;r;rpf;Fj; Njitg;gLtJ iel;u[d;.
25.caphpdq;fspd; mbg;gil fl;likg;Gg; nghUs;fshd GNuhl;lBd; kw;Wk;
epA+f;spf; mkpyq;fspy; Kf;fpaj; jdpkkhf cs;sJ - iel;u[d;.
26.iel;u[id fz;lwpe;jth; tpy;fk; ~PNy.
27.iel;u[d; vd;gJ iel;Nuhd; kw;Wk; [Pd; vd;w fpNuf;f thh;j;ijapypUe;J
ngwg;gl;lJ.
28.iel;u[Df;F mNrhl; vDk; ngaiu ghpe;Jiu nra;jth; ytha;rpah; Mthh;.
29.mNrhl; vd;gjd; nghUs; tho;T ,y;yhjJ.
30.mz;lj;jpy; gutyhf 7MtJ ,lj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; jdpkk; iel;u[d;.
31.rdpf;Nfhspd; Jizf;Nfhshd ill;ldpd; thAkz;lyj;jpy; 98%
iel;u[d; cs;sJ.
32.jput iel;u[d; Fsph;rhjdg; ngl;bfspy; gad;gLfpwJ.
33.N`gh; Kiwapy; mNkhdpah jahhpf;f iel;u[d; gad;gLfpwJ.
34.jw;fhyq;fspy; thfdq;fspd; lah;fspy; epug;gg;gad;gLk; thA iel;u[d;
MFk;.
35.jhtuq;fs; kw;Wk; tpyq;Ffspd; Rthrpj;jypd; NghJk; nehjpj;jypd; NghJk;
ntsptplg;gLk; thA fhh;gd;il Mf;i]L MFk;.
36.vhpjYf;F JizGhpahjJ fhh;gd;il Mf;i]L MFk;.
37.mkpyk; vd;gJ ePy ypl;k]; jhis rptg;ghf khw;WfpwJ.
38.fhuk; vd;gJ rptg;G ypl;k]; jhis ePykhf khw;WfpwJ.
39.jpl epiyapYs;;s fhh;gd;il Mf;i]L cyh;gdpf;fl;b vd
miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
40.nts;spf;Nfhspd; tspkz;lyj;jpy; 96%-97% fhh;gd;il Mf;i]L
cs;sJ.
41.nts;spf;Nfhspd; Nkw;gug;G ntg;gepiy Njhuhakhf 462 bfphp nry;rpa];.
42.#hpa FLk;gj;jpd; kpfTk; ntg;gkhd Nfhs; nts;sp MFk;.

M. Jalila. M.Sc.,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt.High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram – District.

www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770
 3

43.jPaizg;ghd;fspy; jPia mizf;f gad;gLk; Ntjpg;nghUs; fhh;gd;il

Mf;i]L MFk;.
44.Nrhbak; ig fhh;gNdl; jahhpf;fg;gLk; Kiw rhy;Nt Kiw MFk;.
45.fhw;Nww;wg;gl;l ePh; vdg;gLtJ NrhlhePH; MFk;.
46.mjpf mOj;jj;jpy; fhh;gd;il Mf;i]L thA ePhpy; fiue;Js;s epiy
fhw;Nwl;lg;gl;l ePh; vdg;gLk;.
47.gRik ,y;y thAf;fs; vdg;gLtJ CO2, N2O, CH4, CFC Mfpait
MFk;.
48.CFC vd;gJ FNshNuh G@Nuh fhh;gd; MFk;.
49.tspkz;lyj;jpy; mfr;rptg;G fjph;fis cwpQ;rf;$ba thAf;fs; gRik
,y;y thAf;fs; vdg;gLk;.
50.ePhpd; Jha tbtk; kioePh; MFk;.
51.Jha kioePhpd; PH kjpg;G 5.6
52.Mf;]p[d; ,aw;ifapy; rpypNfl;LfshfTk;, fhh;gNdl;LfshfTk; kw;Wk;
ePuhfTk; fpilf;fpd;wd.
53.ghf;bhpahf;fs; tspkz;ly iel;u[id ePhpy; Neubahf fiuaf;$ba
iel;u[d; Nrh;kq;fshf khw;Wfpd;wd.
54.njspe;j Rz;zhk;G ePiu ghy; Nghy; khw;wf;$baJ fhh;gd;il Mf;i]L
MFk;.
55.G+kpia Rw;wpAs;s thAf;fshy; Md ftrk; tspkz;lyk; MFk;.

***************

K.[ypyh M.Sc.,B.Ed,
gl;ljhhp Mrphpah;(mwptpay;),
muR cah;epiyg; gs;sp,
Fk;guk;,
,uhkehjGuk; khtl;lk;.

www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770

M. Jalila. M.Sc.,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt.High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram – District.

 1

NMMS STUDY MATERIAL- SAT- 8TH STANDARD(NEW BOOK)- SCIENCE- TERM 2

ghlk; - kpd;dpay;

1. jdpkj;jpd; kpfr;rpwpa myF mZf;fs; MFk;.

2. mZtpd; mbg;gilj;Jfs;fs; GNuhl;lhd;, vyf;l;uhd; kw;Wk; epA+l;uhd;.
3. mZtpd; ikaj;jpy; cl;fUtpy; ikaj;jpy; fhzg;gLtJ GNuhl;lhd;fSk;
epA+l;uhd;fSk; MFk;.
4. xU mZtpy; cs;s GNuhl;lhd;fspd; vz;zpf;ifAk; vyf;l;uhd;fspd;
vz;zpf;ifAk; rkkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
5. Xd;iw xd;W <h;f;Fk;(m)tpyf;Fk; gz;G kpd;Dhl;lk; vdg;gLk;.
6. GNuhl;lhd;fs; Neh; kpd;Dhl;lj;ijAk;, vyf;l;uhd;fs; vjph; kpd;Dhl;lj;ijAk;
ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd.
7. kpd;Dhl;lj;jpd; myF $Yhk;.
8. vyf;l;uhd;fis Vw;Wf;nfhz;l nghUs; vjph; kpd;Dhl;lj;ijAk;,
vyf;l;uhd;fid ,of;Fk; nghUs; Neh;; kpd;Dhl;lj;ijAk; ngWfpwJ.
9. xU nghUspypUe;;J kw;nwhU nghUSf;F kpd;Jfs;fs; cuha;T, flj;Jjy;
kw;Wk; kpd;Jhz;ly; %yk; ,lkhw;wk; milfpd;wd.
10. fz;zhb jz;bid gl;Lj;Jzpahy; Nja;f;Fk; NghJ fz;zhbj;Jz;L
vyf;l;uhd;fis ,og;gjhy; Neh; kpd;Dhl;lk; ngWfpd;wd.gl;Lj;Jzp
vyf;l;uhd;fis Vw;gjhy; vjph; kpd;Dhl;lk; ngWfpwJ.
11. ug;gh; jz;bid tpyq;F cNuhkk; (m) fk;gspahy; Nja;f;Fk; NghJ
fk;gspahdJ vyf;l;uhd;fis ,og;gjhy; Neh; kpd;Dhl;lk; ngWfpwJ.
gpsh];bf; jz;L vyf;l;uhd;fid Vw;gjhy; vjph; kpd;Dhl;lk; ngWfpwJ.
12. kpd;Jfs;fis jd;topNa gha mDkjpf;Fk; nghUl;fs; kpd;flj;jpfs; MFk;.
13. kpd;Jfs;fis jd; topNa gha mDkjpf;fhj nghUl;fs; kpd;fhg;G
nghUl;fs; (m) kpd;flj;jhg;nghUl;fs; vdg;gLk;.
14. nghUnshd;wpy; kpd;Jfs;fs; ,Ug;gijf; fz;lwpag; gad;gLk; mwptpay;
fUtp epiykpd;fhl;b MFk;.
15. epiykpd;fhl;bia 1600 Mk; Mz;L tpy;ypak; fpy;gh;l; vd;gth; tbtikj;jhh;.
16. epiykpd;fhl;b ,Utifg;gLk; mit ge;J epiykpd;fhl;b, jq;f,iy
epiykpd;fhl;b.
17. epiykpd;fhl;bapd; kw;nwhUngah; nth;Nrhhpak;.
18. jq;f,iy epiykpd;fhl;bia 1787 Mk; Mz;L Mgpufhk; ngdl; vd;gtuhy;
tbtikf;fg;gl;lJ.
19. Nkfq;fspy; eilngWk; kpd;dpwf;fj;jpw;F cjhuzk; kpd;dy; MFk;.
20. caukhd fl;llq;fis kpd;dy; ghjpg;GfspypUe;J ghJfhf;f cjTk; xU
fUtp kpd;dy; flj;jp MFk;.
21. kpd;dy; flj;jpapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; cNyhfk; jhkpuk; MFk;.
22. kpd;%yk; xd;wpd; xU KidapypUe;J kw;nwhU Kidf;F vyf;l;uhd;fs;
ghAk; ghij kpd;Rw;W vdg;gLk;.
23. <y; vd;w xUtifahd tpyhq;F kPd; 650 thl;]; msTf;F kpd;rhuj;ij
cUthf;fp kpd; mjph;r;rpia Vw;gLj;Jk;.

M. Jalila, MSc..,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram - District.

www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770
 2

24. LED vd;gJ Light Emitting Diode.

25. LED vd;gJ xsp ckpo; ilNahL.
26. ,Uk;gpd; kPJ Vw;gLk;; mhpkhdk; kw;Wk; JUgpbj;jiy jLf;f mjd; kPJ
Jj;jehfg;glyk; G+rg;gLfpwJ.
27. kpd;jilia jLf;f kpd;tpsf;Ffspy; lq;];ld; fk;gpAk;, nghUs;fis
ntg;gg;gLj;Jk; tPl;L cgNahfg;nghUl;fspy; epf;Nuhk; fk;gpAk; gad;gLfpwJ.
28. Xhpd kpd;Jfs;fs; xd;iw xd;W tpyf;Fk;.
29. Nthpd kpd;Jfs;fs; xd;iw xd;W <h;f;Fk;.
30. kpd;cUfp (Fuse) Jz;Lf;fk;gp jahhpf;f gad;gLk; cNyhff;fyit
nts;sPak; kw;Wk; fhhPak; fye;j cNyhff;fyit.
31. kpd;dhw;wiy Nrkpj;Jitf;Fk; rhjdk; kpd;fyk; MFk;.
32. kpd;flj;jpapy; ghAk; vjph;kpd;Jfspd; Xl;lk; kpd;Ndhl;lk; vdg;gLk;.
33. mjpf kpd;jilAk; Fiwe;j cUFepiyAk; nfhz;l fk;gp kpd;cUfp.
34. kpd;dOj;jj;jpd; myF Nthy;l;.

**********

K.[ypyh M.Sc..,B.Ed
gl;ljhhp Mrphpah; (mwptpay;)
muR cah;epiyg; gs;sp
Fk;guk;
,uhkehjGuk; - khtl;lk;.

www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770

M. Jalila, MSc..,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram - District.

 1

NMMS STUDY MATERIAL – 8TH SCIENCE (NEW BOOK) –TERM 2

ghlk; - mZmikg;G

1. ,Jtiu fz;lwpag;gl;l nkhj;j jdpkq;fspd; vz;zpf;if 118.

2. ,aw;ifapy; fpilf;f$ba jdpkq;fs; 92.
3. Ma;tfq;fspy; jahhpf;fg;gLk; jdpkq;fs; 26.
4. mZ vDk; nrhy;yhdJ ml;lhk]; vd;w fpNuf;f thh;j;ijapypUe;J
cUthdJ.
5. mZf;nfhs;ifia ntspapl;lth; [hd; lhy;ld;.
6. Nfj;NjhL fjph;fs; (m) F&f;]; fjph;fis fz;lwpe;jth; rh; tpy;ypak;
F&f;];.
7. fj;NjhL vd;gJ vjph;kpd;tha;
8. MNdhL vd;gJ Neh;kpd;tha;.
9. kpd;dpwf;f FohapYs;s mOj;jj;ij Fiwf;f ,iwg;ghd; (pump)
gad;gLfpwJ.
10. vyf;l;uhd; fz;Lgpbg;G Nrhjidapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; kpd;rhuj;jpd; msT
10000 Nthy;l;.
11. vyf;l;uhd; fz;Lgpbg;G Nrhjidapy; kpd;dpwf;f Fohapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;
mOj;jj;jpd; msT 0.001kp.kP.
12. vyf;l;uhd;fis fzlwpe;jth; N[.N[.jhk;rd;.
13. GNuhl;lhd;fis fz;lwpe;jth; Nfhy;];Bd;.
14. epA+l;uhd;fis fz;lwpe;jth; N[k];rhl;tpf;.
15. jhk;rdpd; mZkhjphpahdJ gpsk;Gl;bq; khjphp (m) jh;G+rzp gokhjphp
vdTk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
16. cl;fUit vyf;l;uhd;fs; Rw;wptUk; tl;lghij Mh;gpl; (m) vyf;l;uhd;
$L vdg;gLk;.
17. filrp $l;bYs;s vyf;l;uhd;fNs ,izjpwd; vyf;l;uhd;fs; vdg;gLk;.
18. nghUz;ik mopahtpjpia epiw moptpd;ik tpjp vdTk; miof;fyhk;.
19. nghUz;ik mopahtpjpia $wpath; ytha;rpah;.
20. khwh tpfpj tpjpia $wpath; N[hrg; g;nus];l;.
21. ePhpy; i`l;u[d; kw;Wk; Mf;[p]d; tpfpjk; 1:8

ghlk; - ,af;fk;

22. kz;GOtpd; clypd; mbg;gFjpapy; jirfSld; ,izf;fg;gl;l

Vuhskhd ePl;rpfs; nfhz;l mikg;G rPl;lh vdg;gLk;.
23. fug;ghd; G+r;rpapy; 3 N[hb ,izf;fhy;fs; cs;sd.
24. fug;ghd; G+r;rpapd; cly; KOtJk; ifl;bd; vdg;gLk; xspghJfhg;G
nghUshy; %lg;gl;Ls;sJ.
25. gwitfspd; gwj;jy; ,Utifg;gLk; mit kpje;J Ch;jy;, fPo;Nehf;fpa
mirT.
26. ghk;Gfspd; ,af;fk; rWf;F ,af;fk; vdg;gLk;.

M.Jalila M.Sc.,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt.High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram – District.

www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770

 2

27. kPd;fs; JLg;Gfspd; %yk; ePe;Jfpd;wd.

28. kPdpd; clyhdJ glF Nghd;W ePz;L fhzg;gLfpwJ.
29. kPdpy; fhly; vDk; thy;JLg;G jpiria khw;w cjTfpwJ.
30. kdpj clypd; ,af;fj;jpw;F cjTtJ vYk;G kz;lyk; MFk;.
31. rpWj;ij kzpf;F 76fp.kP Ntfj;jpy; Xlf;$baJ.
32.MW fhy;fspy; elf;f$ba tpyq;Ffspy; fug;ghd;G+r;rpNa Ntfkhf
Xlf;$baJ.
33. fug;ghd;G+r;rp 1tpdhbapy; 1kP Jhuj;ij flf;Fk;.
34. lhy;gpd; 1kzpNeuj;jpy; 35 iky;fs; ePe;Jk;.
35. kpf tpiuthf ePe;Jk; ghYhl;b lhy;gpd;.
36. Nghypf;fhy;fs; %yk; eilngWk; ,af;fk; mkPgha;L ,af;fk;.
37. Gwj;Njhypy; cs;s ePl;rpfshfpa rpypahf;fs; %yk; eilngWk; ,af;fk;
rPypahp ,af;fk; MFk;.
38. mirAk; %l;Lfs;:

Ge;J fpz;z%l;L Njhs;gl;il ,Lg;G

fPy; %l;L Koq;fhy; Koq;if fZf;fhy;
Kis mr;R %l;L Ks;nsYk;G
(m)
Royr;R %l;L
Kz;lizah %l;L kzpf;fl;L
tOf;F %l;L Ks;nsYk;G
Nrd %l;L fl;il tpuy; Njhs;gl;il nrtp

39. ,uz;L vYk;Gfs; re;jpf;Fk; ,lk; %l;L.

40. ,izg;G jpRf;fspd; fbdkhd FWfpa gl;il jirehh;fs;.
41. %l;Lfspd; nray;ghl;by; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpg;gJ nlz;lhd;fs;;.
42. il Mh;j;Nuhrp]; %l;L vdg;gLtJ rpNdhtpay; %l;L.
43. %l;LtPf;fk; vd;gJ %l;Lfspy; rpNdhtpay; jputk; ,y;yhjjhYk;, A+hpf;
mkpyg;gbfk; gbtjhYk; Vw;gLfpwJ.
44. clypd; cs;SWg;Gfis jhq;fp epw;gJ vYk;G kz;lyk; MFk;.
45. cliy rPuikf;Fk; fhy;rpak; kw;Wk; gh];gu]; jhJf;fs; vYk;GfSf;Fs;
Nrkpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
46. ,uj;j rptg;gZf;fs; vYk;G k[;i[apy; cUthfpd;wd.
47. vYk;Gfs; jirfspd; nray;ghlbw;F nek;GNfhy; Nghy nray;gLfpd;wd.
48. kz;il XL 22 vYk;Gfshy; MdJ. ,jpy; 8 vYk;Gfs; ,ize;J
fpNudpak; kw;Wk; 14 vYk;Gfs; ,ize;J KfKk; cUthfpd;wJ.
49. kdpjd; kw;Wk; xl;lfr;rptpq;fp fOj;jpy; xNu vz;zpf;ifapy; vYk;Gfs;
cs;sJ.
50. ePskhd KJnfYk;G nfhz;lJ xl;lfr;rptpq;fp.
51. khh;ngYk;ghdJ 12 N[hb tpyh vYk;Gfisf; nfhz;lJ.
52. ngy;tpf; tisak; vd;wiof;fg;gLtJ ,Lg;G vYk;G MFk;.

www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770

M.Jalila M.Sc.,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt.High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram – District.
 3

53. if vYk;Gfspy;

`Pku]; Nkw;if vYk;G

my;dh Koq;if
fhh;gy;fs; kzpf;fl;L
nkl;lh fhh;gy;fs; cs;sq;if
/ghyhq;fs; tpuy; vYk;G

54. jirfs; 3 tifg;gLk;.mit thpj;jir, thpaw;w jir, ,jaj;jir.

55. Kbapd; Nth;fspy; jirfs; cs;sd.
56. Gd;dif nra;a 17 jirfSk;, Nfhgg;gl 42 jirfSk; ek; Kfj;jpy;
fhzg;gLfpwJ.
57. fhy; vYk;Gfspy;;:

bgpah njhil vYk;G

gpGyh fhy; vYk;G
lhh;ry;fs; fZf;fhy; vYk;G
nkl;lh lhh;ry;fs; Kd;ghj vYk;Gfs;
/ghyq;fs; tpuy; vYk;Gfs;

58. mjpfkhf Ntiy nra;Ak; jirfs; fhzg;gLk; cWg;G fz;.

59. jirfs; fhzg;gLk; ,lq;fs;:;

thpj;jir vYk;G jir vYk;Gfs;

jd;dpr;irahd jir if fhy; fOj;J
thpaw;w nkd;ikahd ,uj;jehsk; fUtpop
jir %r;Rf;Foy;
,jaj;jir ,jak;

60. iffis Njhs;gl;ilAld; ,izf;Fk; gFjp ngf;Nlhuy; tisak;.

61. fhy;fis ,Lg;Gld; ,izf;Fk; gFjp ,Lg;G tisak;.

********************

K.[ypyh M.Sc.,B.Ed,
gl;ljhhp Mrphpah; (mwptpay;)
muR cah;epiyg; gs;sp
Fk;guk;
,uhkehjGuk; khtl;lk;.

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M.Jalila M.Sc.,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt.High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram – District.

NMMS STUDYMATERIAL – SAT – 8TH SCIENCE (NEW BOOK) – TERM 1

ghlk; - mstPl;bay;

1. CGS,MKS,SI myFKiwfs; nkl;hpf; myF Kiwfs; MFk;.

2. mstPl;L Kiwfspy;

ePsk; epiw fhyk;

FPS mb gTz;L tpdhb
CGS nr.kP fpuhk; tpdhb
MKS kPl;lh; fpNyhfpuhk; tpdhb

3. SI myFKiwapy;

ePsk; kPl;lh;
epiw fpNyhfpuhk;
fhyk; tpdhb
ntg;gepiy nfy;tpd;
kpd;Ndhl;lk; Mkgpah;
nghUspd; msT Nkhy;
xspr;nrwpT Nfz;byh

4. SI myFKiw mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l Mz;L 1960.

5. SI myFKiw mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mz;L 1971.
6. xU nghUs; ngw;wpUf;Fk; ntg;gk; (m) Fsph;r;rpapd; msNt ntg;gepiy
vdg;gLk;.
7. ntg;gepiyia nry;rpa]; nfy;tpd; kw;Wk; ghud;`Pl; msTfspy;
khw;Wtjw;fhd tha;ghL
8. ntg;gepiy mstPLfs;

ntg;gepiy fPo;epiyg;Gs;sp Nky;epiyg;Gs;sp gphpTfspd;

mstPL vz;zpf;if
nry;rpa]; 0 100 100
ghud;`Pl; 32 212 180
nfy;tpd; 273K 373K 100

9. kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; myF Mk;gpah;.

10. kpd;Ndhl;lj;ij msf;fg;gad;gLk; fUtp mk;kPl;lh;.
11. mjpNtfkhf nry;Yk; Gy;yl; uapy;fisj; jz;lthsj;jpypUe;E cah;j;jg;
gad;gLtJ kPf;flj;jpfs;.
12. Xsp %yj;jpypUe;E xU Fwpg;gpl;l jpirapy; XuyFj; jpz;kf;Nfhzj;jpy;
ntsptUk; xspapd; msT xspr;nrwpT vdg;gLk;.
13. xU Nkhy; vd;gJ 6.023
14. vhpAk; nkOFth;j;jp xd;W ntspapLk; xspapd; msTj; Njhuhakhf xU
Nfz;byhtpw;Fr; rkkhFk;.
M.Jalila M.Sc., B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt. High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram – Dist.

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15. Xspr;nrwptpid Nehpilahf mstpLk; fUtp xspkhdp MFk;.
16. Xspghak; (m) xspjpwd; vd;gJ czug;gLk; xspapd; jpwdhFk;.
17. Xspjpwdpd; SI myF Ynkd; MFk;.
18. ,UNeh;NfhLfs; (m) ,Ujsq;fs; FWf;F ntl;bdhy; cUthFk; Nfhzk;
jsf;Nfhzk; vdg;gLk;.
19.jsf;Nfhzj;jpd; SI myF Nubad;(rad).
20.jpz;kf;Nfhzj;jpd; SI myF ];l;Nubad;(Sr).
21. xU Nfhsj;jpd; Muj;jpd; ,Ukbf;Fr; rkkhd Gwg;gug;G nfhz;l rpwpa
tl;lg;gFjp xd;W ikaj;jpy; Vw;gLj;Jk; Nfhzk; ];l;Nubad; vdg;gLk;.
22. jsf;Nfhzk; kw;Wk; JizmsTfs; Mfpait 1995y; top msTfs;
gl;baypy; ×Nrh;f;fg;gl;ld.
23. Nubad; 180
24. 1Nubad;
25. %d;W (m) mjw;F Nkw;gl;l jsq;fs; xU nghJthd Gs;spapy;
ntl;bf;nfhs;Sk; NghJ cUthFk; Nfhzk; jpz;kf;Nfhzk; vdg;gLk;.
26. ,Ughpkhzk; nfhz;l Nfhzk; jsf;Nfhzk;.
27. Kg;ghpkhzk; nfhz;l Nfhzk; jpz;kf;Nfhzk;.
28. Fthh;l;]; fbfhuj;jpd; Jy;ypaj;jd;ikahdJ tpdhbf;F xU tpdhb
MFk;.
29. Fthh;l;]; fbfhukhdJ kpd;dD miyTfs; %yk; ,aq;Ffpd;wd.
30.Fthh;l;]; fbfhuj;jpy; gad;gLk; jj;Jtk; gbfj;jpd; mOj;j kpd;
gz;G(Piezo – electric property).
31. mZf;fbfhuk; - mZtpDs; Vw;gLk; mjph;Tfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L
nray;gLtJ.
32. mZf;fbfhuj;jpd; Jy;ypaj;jd;ik tpdhbf;F xU tpdhb.
33. GPS, GLONASS kw;Wk; gd;dhl;L Neug;gq;fPl;L mikg;gpy; gad;gLk; fbfhuk;
mZf;fbfhuk;.
34. mZf;fbfhuk; cUthf;fg;gl;l Mz;L 1949.
35. Jy;ypakhd mZf;fbfhuk; 1955 Mk; Mz;L Yhap]; <rhd; kw;Wk;
[hf;ngd;dp MfpNahuhy; rPrPak; -133 mZit mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L
cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
36. vz;zpay; fbfhuk; vdg;gLtJ kpd;dpay; fbfhuq;fs; MFk;.
37. fphPd;tpr; ruhrhp Neuk; vdg;gLtJ ,q;fpyhe;J ehl;by; fphPd;tpr; vd;Dkplj;jpy;
,uhay; thdpay; Ma;Tikak; topahf nry;Yk; jPh;f;f NfhlhdJ njhlf;f
Nfhlhf nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ.
38. GtpahdJ 15 ,ilntspapy; mike;j jPh;f;f NfhLfspd; mbg;gilapy; 24
kz;lyq;fshf gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,it Neu kz;lyk; vdg;gLk;.
39. ,U mLj;jLj;j Neu kz;lyq;fSf;F ,ilNa cs;s fhy ,ilntsp 1
kzpNeuk; MFk;.
40. ,e;jpa jpl;lNeuk; cj;jpugpuNjr khepyj;jpy; cs;s kph;rhG+h; nfhz;L
fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ.
41. ,e;jpa jpl;lNeuk; = fphPd;tpr;Neuk; + 5.30kzp.

M.Jalila M.Sc., B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt. High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram – Dist.

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42. cz;ikahd kjpg;gpw;F kpf neUf;fkhf mike;j kjpg;ig fz;lwpAk; Kiw
Njhuha Kiw vdg;gLk;.
43. Mq;fpNya myfPl;L Kiw FPS.
44. mstPLfspd; epiyaw;w jd;ik gpiofs; vdg;gLk;.
45. SI myFKiwapy; 7 mbg;gil msTfSk; 10 top msTfSk; cs;sJ.
46. mNthnfl;uh vz;zpd; kjpg;G
47. mfr;rptg;Gfjph;ntg;gepiykhdp %yk; xU nghUis Neubahf njhlhky;
mjd; ntg;gepiyia msf;fKbAk;.
48. mikg;G xd;wpy; cs;s Jfs;fspd; ruhrhp ,af;f Mw;wy; ntg;gepiy
vdg;gLk;.

****************************************

K.[ypyh M.Sc.,B.Ed,
gl;ljhhp Mrphpah; (mwptpay;),
muR cah;epiyg; gs;sp,
Fk;guk;,
,uhkehjGuk; khtl;lk;.

www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770

M.Jalila M.Sc., B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt. High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram – Dist.
 1

NMMS STUDY MATERIAL – 8TH SCIENCE (NEW BOOK) – TERM 2

REACHING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE AND DIGITAL PAINTING.

ghlk; - tshpsk; gUtk;

1. tshpsk; gUtk; vd;w nrhy;yhdJ mNlhyrh; (adolescere) vd;w ,yj;jPd;

nkhop thh;j;ijapypUe;J te;jjhFk;.
2. tshpsk; gUtk; vd;gJ 11-19 taJ tiu MFk;.
3. ngz;fs; gUtkiltjw;fhd ruhrhp taJ 10-11.
4. Mz;fs; gUtkiltjw;fhd ruhrhp taJ 12-13.
5. ehskpy;yh Rug;gpfshy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; Rug;Gfs; `hh;Nkhd;fs;
vdg;gLk;.
6. gUtkiljypy; `hh;Nkhd;fs; Kf;fpa gq;fspf;fpd;wd.
7. Mz;fspd; ghy; Rug;gpfshd tpe;jfq;fs; nl];Nlh];Buhid Ruf;fpd;wd.
8. ngz;fspd; ghy; Rug;gpfshd mz;lfq;fs; <];l;Nuh[id Ruf;fpd;wd.
9. ,dg;ngUf;fj;ij xOq;FgLj;Jk; Kjd;ik `hh;Nkhd;fs; Mz;l;Nuh[d;,
<];l;Nuh[d; kw;Wk; GNuhn[];bNuhd; Nghd;wit ];Buha;L tif
`hh;Nkhd;fs; MFk;.
10.khjtplha; Row;rp fhyk; vd;gJ 28 ehl;fs; MFk;.
11.M];bNahNuhrpi]j; (vYk;G cilAk; jd;ik) jLf;f fhy;rpak; mjpf
mstpy; vLj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
12.ijuha;L njhlh;ghd Neha;fisj; jLf;f cjTtJ mNahbd; MFk;.
13.,uj;jj;ij cUthf;Ftjpy; ,Uk;Gr;rj;J Kf;fpag; gq;F tfpf;fpwJ.
14.ghYhl;Lk; NghJ ghiy cw;gj;jp nra;tJ GNuhyhf;bd; (PRL) my;yJ
yhf;Nlhn[dpd; vd;w `hh;Nkhdpd; gzpahFk;.
15.Foe;ij gpwg;gpd; NghJ jirfis RUq;fr;nra;J Foe;ij gpwg;ig
vspjhf;FtJ Mf;]pNlhrpd; `hh;Nkhd; MFk;.
16.Mlk;]; Mg;gps; vd;gJ Fuy;tisapd; tsh;r;rpahFk;.
17.Md;l;Nuh[d; cw;gj;jp mbNdhi`Nghigrp]; My; xOq;FgLj;jg;gLfpwJ.

ghlk; -fzpdp tiufiy

18.Tux paint kw;Wk; Tux math vd;git nkd;nghUs;fs; MFk;.

19.fUtpg;gl;il vd;gJ Tool bar.
20.FWf;Ftop tpirfs; kw;Wk; fUtpapd; ngah;fs;:

FWf;Ftop tpirfs; fUtpapd; ngah;fs;

Ctrl+N New
Ctrl+o open

M.Jalila M.Sc.,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt.High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram- Dist.

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 2

Ctrl+s Save
Ctrl+P print
Esc quit
Ctrl+z undo
Ctrl+Y Redo

21.Tux paint vd;gJ tz;zk; jPl;l gad;gLfpwJ.

22.Tux paint nkd;nghUspy; glk; tiuaTk;, jpUj;jq;fs; nra;aTk;
,lg;gf;ffUtpg;gl;il gad;gLfpwJ.
23.Tux math nkd;nghUs; fzpjk; fw;f gad;gLfpwJ.
24.Tux math y; ];Ng]; Nfll; vd;gJ vspa $l;ly; nra;a gad;gLfpwJ.

**************************
K.[ypyh M.Sc.,B.Ed,
gl;ljhhp Mrphpah; (mwptpay;),
muR cah;epiyg; gs;sp,
Fk;guk;,
,uhkehjGuk; khtl;lk;.

www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770

M.Jalila M.Sc.,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt.High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram- Dist.

 NMMS STUDY MATERIAL- VIII TERM 2- HEAT
NMMS STUDY MATERIAL – 8TH STANDARD (NEW BOOK) – SCIENCE - TERM 2
,aw;gpay; ghlk; - ntg;gtpay;
1. ntg;g Mw;wyhdJ ntg;gkhd gFjpapypUe;J Fsp;hr
; ;rpahd gFjpf;F guTfpwJ.
2. XU nghUSf;F toq;fg;gLk; ntg;g Mw;wy; mjpYs;s mZf;fs; (m)
%yf;$Wfs; Mw;wiy mjpfhpf;fpd;wd.
3. ntg;g Mw;wypdhy; tphptiljy;, ntg;gepiy cah;T kw;Wk; epiykhw;wk;
Nghd;w tpisTfs; Vw;gLfpd;wd..
4. ntg;gj;jpdhy; thAf;fs; mjpfsT tphptilfpd;wd.
5. jz;lthsq;fs; Nfhilfhyq;fspy; ntg;gj;jhy; tphptiltjhy; ,ilntsp
tplg;gl;L ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd..
6. jplg;nghUs; jputkhf khWjy; - cUFjy;
7. jputk; thAthf khWjy; - Mtpahjy;.
8. jplg;nghUs; thAthf khWjy; - gjq;fkhjy;
9. thA jputkhf khWjy; - Fsph;jy;.
10. jputk; jplg;nghUshf khWjy; - ciwjy;
11. thA jplg;nghUshf khWjy; - gbjy;
12. ,aw;ifahfNt Gtpapd; kPJ jpz;kk; jputk; thA Mfpa Kd;W epiyfspYk;
fhzg;gLfpd;w xNu gUg;nghUs; - ePh;
13. ntg;gghpkhw;wk; eilngWk; %d;W Kiwfshtd ntg;gf;flj;jy;, ntg;grydk;,
ntg;gf;fjph;tPry;
14. jplg; nghUspy; mZf;fs; neUf;fkhf mike;Js;sd.
15. xd;Wld; xd;Wld; njhlh;gpYs;s ,U jplg;nghUspd; mjpf ntg;gepiyapYs;s
gFjpapypUe;J Fiwe;j ntg;gepiy cs;s gFjpf;F mZf;fs; (m)
%yf;$Wfspd; ,af;fk; ,y;yhky; ntg;g Mw;wy; guTk; epfo;T -
ntg;gf;flj;jy;.
16. cah; ntg;gepiyapYs;s gFjpapypUe;J Fiwe;j ntg;gepiyapYs;s gFjpf;F
%yf;$Wfspd; ,af;fj;jpdhy; ntg;gk; flj;jg;gLk; Kiw – ntg;gr;rydk;.
17. ntg;gr;rydk; jputk; kw;Wk; thA nghUl;fspy; eilngWfpwJ.
18. ntg;gMw;wyhdJ xU ,lj;jpypUe;J kw;nwhU ,lj;jpw;F kpd;fhe;j
miyfshfg; guTk; Kiw - ntg;gf;fjph;tPry;.
M. Jalila M.Sc..,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram - District.
www.alltrstnsiva.blogspot.in. Siva 9894429770
19. ntg;gr;rydk; (v.fh) - epyf;fhw;W fly;fhw;W epfo;T cUthjy;
- gYhd; NkNy cah;jy;
- Fsph;rhjdg; ngl;b
20. ntg;gf;fjph;tPry; (v.fh) - #hpadpd; ntg;g Mw;wy; G+kpia miljy;
21. XU nghUis 500 bfphp nry;rpa]; ntg;gepiyf;F ntg;gg;gLj;Jk;NghJ
fjph;tPr;rhdJ kq;fpa rptg;G epwj;jpy; fz;fSf;F njhpa Muk;gpf;fpwJ.
22. ntg;gfjph;tPr;rhdJ mjpfhpf;fg;gLk;NghJ MuQ;R kw;Wk; kQ;rs; epwj;ij
njhlh;e;J ntz;ik epwj;jpy; xspUk;.
23. xU nghUs; #lhf cs;sjh (m) Fsph;r;rpahf cs;sjh vd;gij mwpa
cjTk; ,aw;gpay; msT - ntg;gepiy.
24. ntg;gepiyia mstpl cjTk; msTNfhy;fs; nry;rpa]; msTNfhy;,
ghud;`Pl; msTNfhy;, nfy;tpd; msTNfhy;.
25. ntg;g Mw;wypd; SI myF - [Py;.(J)
26. ntg;gj;ij mstpl nghJthf gad;gLj;jg;gLk; myF - fNyhhp
27. 1 fpuhk; epiwAs;s ePhpd; ntg;gepiyia 1 bfphp nry;rpa]; cah;j;j
Njitg;gLk; ntg;g Mw;wypd; myF - 1 fNyhhp.
28. fNyhhp kw;Wk; [Py; myFfSf;fpilNaahd njhlh;G 1 fNyhhp = 4.189J
29. czTg;nghUspy; cs;s Mw;wypd; msT - fpNyh fNyhhp.
30. nghUs; xd;W Vw;Fk; (m) ,of;Fk; ntg;gj;jpd; msthdJ nghUspd; epiw,
nghUspd; ntg;gepiyapy; Vw;gLk; khw;wk;, nghUspd; jd;ik Mfpatw;iwr;
rhh;e;jJ.
31. XU nghUs; Fwpg;gpl;l ntg;gepiyia mila Njitg;gLk; ntg;g Mw;wypd;
msT - ntg;gVw;Gj;jpwd;.
32. xUnghUspd; ntg;gepiyia 1 bfphp nry;rpa]; (m) 1 nfy;tpd; cah;j;j
Njitg;gLk; ntg;g Mw;wypd; msT - ntg;gVw;Gj;jpwd;.
33. ntg;gVw;Gj;jpwd; SI myF J/K
34. XuyF epiwAila nghUspd; ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwd; - jd; ntg;gVw;Gj;jpwd;.
35. 1fpfp epiwAila nghUspd; ntg;gepiyia 1bfphp nry;rpa]; (m) 1nfy;tpd;
msT cah;j;j Njitg;gLk; ntg;g Mw;wypd; msT – jd;ntg;g Vw;Gj;jpwd;.
36. jd; ntg;g Vw;Gjpwdpd; SI myF J/Kg.K

M. Jalila M.Sc..,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram - District.

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37. nghUs; xd;wpdhy; Vw;fg;gl;l (m) ,of;fg;gl;l ntg;gj;ij mstplg; gad;gLk;
cgfuzk; - fNyhhpkPl;lh;.
38. fNyhhp kPl;luhdJ jhkpuk;(m)mYkpdpak; cNyhfj;jhy; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ
39. Ntjpay; khw;wq;fshy; Vw;gLk; ntg;g Mw;wypd; msit mstpl gdpf;fl;b
fNyhhpkPl;lh; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.
40. gdpf;fl;b fNyhhpkPl;lh; Kjypy; 1782 Mk; Mz;L Md;nlha;d; ytha;rpah;
kw;Wk; gpaNu irkd; yhg;yh]; MfpNahuhy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.
41. XU nghUspd; ntg;gepiyia khwhky; itg;gjw;F gad;gLj;jg;gLk; rhjdk; -
ntg;gf;fl;Lg;gLj;jp.
42. njh;Nkh];lhl; vd;gJ fpNuf;f thh;ijapypUe;J ngwg;gl;lJ.
43. njh;Nkh - ntg;gk; ];lhl; - mNj epiyapy; ,Ug;gJ
44. nghUspd; ntg;gepiyia mjd; Rw;Wg;Gwj;jpd; ntg;gepiyia tpl
mjpfhpj;Jtplhky; (m) Fiwe;Jtplhky; ePz;l Neuk; itj;jpUf;f $ba
ntg;gj;ij flj;jhj Nrkpg;Gfyd; - ntg;gf;FLit.
45. ntg;gf;Flit fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l Mz;L 1892 - ];fhl;yhe;J mwptpayhsh; rh;
N[k;]; jpthh;.
46. jpthh;FLit jpthh; ghl;by; vdg;gLtJ ntg;gf;FLit.
47. xUnghUspd;(m),lj;jpd; ntg;gepiyia khwhky; itg;gjw;fhf
gad;gLj;jg;gLk; rhjdk; - ntg;gf;fl;Lg;gLj;jp.
-----------------------------------------------------------

K.[ypyh. M.Sc..,B.Ed
gl;ljhhp Mrphpah;(mwptpay;)
muR cah;epiyg;gs;sp,
Fk;guk;,
,uhkehjGuk; khtl;lk;.

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M. Jalila M.Sc..,B.Ed, BT.Science, Govt High School, Kumbaram, Ramanadhapuram - District.