Solution: Locate The Centroid X of The Area

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6–1.
Locate the centroid x of the area. y

1
y 4 –– x2
16
Locate the centroid x of the shaded area. y

4m
x
8m
SOLUTION 4m 1 2
––
y 4 x
16 x
1 8m
dA = 14 - y2dx = a x 2 b dx
16
'
x = x
8
' x2
xdA xa b dx
LA L0 16
x = = 8
dA 1 2
a x b dx
LA L0 16
x = 6m Ans.
These solutions represent a preliminary version

of the Instructors' Solutions Manual (ISM). It is
possible and even likely that at this preliminary
stage of preparing the ISM there are some
omissions and errors in the draft solutions.
These will be corrected and this manual will be
republished.
Ans:
x = 6m
378
© 2018 Pearson Education Ltd. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist.
6–2.
Locate the centroid y of the area. y

1
y 4 –– x2
16
Locate the centroid y of the shaded area. y

4m
x
8m
SOLUTION 4m
y 4
1 2
–– x
16 x
1 2 8m
dA = 14 - y2dx = a x b dx
16
4 + y
y =
2
8
¢8 -
' 1 x2 x2
ydA b a b dx
LA 2 L0 16 16
y = = 8
dA 1 2
a x b dx
LA L0 16
y = 2.8 m Ans.
Ans:
y = 2.8 m
379
6–3.
Locate the
Determine
Determine centroid
thethe
area and
area and ofthe
x the the area. x of
centroid
centroid thethe
x of parabolic area.
parabolic area. y yy
h
h h
y axh2 h2 2
SOLUTION
SOLUTION y y ––2 ––
x
a a2 x x
b
Differential Element:The
Differential Element:The area element
area elementparallel toto
parallel thethe
x axis shown
x axis shaded
shown in in
shaded Fig. aa
Fig. x x
will bebe
will considered. The
considered. area
The ofof
area thethe
element is is
element
a a
a a 1>21>2
dA= =x dy
dA x dy= = 1>21>2
y y dydy
hh
' ' x x a a 1>21>2 ' '
Centroid:
Centroid:The
Thecentroid ofof
centroid thethe
element is is
element located x x= = = = 1>2 y y and
at at
located y y= =y. y.
and
2 2 2h2h1>2
Area:
Area:Integrating,
Integrating,
A y B 2 B 2 = = ahah
h h
a a 1>21>2 2a2a 3>23>2 h h 2 2
1>21>2 A y
A A= = dA dA= = y y dy =
dy =
LALA L0 L0h1>2
h1>2 3h3h 0 0 3 3
h h
a 2a 2y2y2 h h
¢ ¢ ≤ ¢
≤ ¢ ≤ ≤ ¢ ¢ ≤ `≤ `
a a 1>21>2 a a 1>21>2 h h2 2
'' y y dy aa
xdA
xdA y y dy y dy
y dy 2h2h
LALA L0 L0 2h2h1>21>2
h1>2
h1>2 L0 L02h2h 22 0 0 33
x x= = == == == = = a aAns.
Ans.
22 22 22 88
dA dA ahah ahah ahah
LALA 33 33 33
Ans:
3
x = a
8
380
*6–4.
Locate the centroid x of the area. y h

y —2 x2
b
h
h 2
—
SOLUTION y
b
2x
h h
y —2 x2
dASOLUTION
= y dx b
h x
b
'dA = y dx
x = x
x
' b
x = x
B 2 x4 R
b b
' h 3 h x
x dA 2
x dx b
LA L0 bb 4b 0 3
B R
x = ' = h 3 = h 4 =b b Ans.
x dA b x dx x 4
B R
b
dA h 2 h 4b32 3
LA L0 xb2 dx x 0
x =LA =
L0 bb
2 = 3b 2 = b Ans.
0 b 4
B 2 x3 R
dA h 2 h
x dx
LA L0 b
2
3b 0
Ans:
3
x = b
4
381
6–5.
Locate the centroid y of the shaded area. y h

y —2 x2
b
h
h
SOLUTION y —2 x2
b x
h
b
dA = y dx
' y
y =
2 x
b
B x5 R
b 2 2 b
' h 4 h
y dA x dx
LA L0 2b 4 10b4 0 3
y = = = = h Ans.
b 10
B 2 x3 R
b
dA h 2 h
x dx
LA L0 b
2
3b 0
Ans:
3
y = h
10
382
6–6.
Locate the
the centroid
centroidxxof
ofthe
theshaded area. the
area. Solve Solve the problem
problem by
by eval- y y
evaluating
uating the the integrals
integrals using
using Simpson’s
Simpson’s rule.
rule. 2
y = 0.5e x
y = 0.5ex2
SOLUTION
At x = 1 m, x
12 1m
y = 0.5e = 1.359 m
1 1 x
2
dA = (1.359 - y) dx = a 1.359 = 0.5 ex b dx = 0.6278 m2
LA L0 L0 1m
x = x
1
2
x dA = x a 1.359 - 0.5 ex b dx
LA L0
= 0.25 m3
x dA
LA 0.25
x = = = 0.398 m Ans.
0.6278
dA
LA
Ans:
x = 0.398 m
383
6–7.
thecentroid
Locate the ofthe
centroidyyof theshaded
area. Solve
area. the problem
Solve by eval-
the problem by y y
uating the the
evaluating integrals using
integrals Simpson’s
using rule.
Simpson’s rule. 2
y = 0.5e x
y = 0.5ex2
SOLUTION
1 1
2 2 x
dA = (1.359 - y) dx = a 1.359 - 0.5ex b dx = 0.6278 m
LA L0 L0 1m
1.359 + y x
y =
2
1m
1 x2
1.359 + 0.5 e
b A 1.359 - 0.5 ex B dx
2
y dA = a
LA L0 2
1
1 2
= a 1.847 - 0.25 e2x b dx = 0.6278 m3
2 L0
y dA
LA 0.6278
y = = = 1.00 m Ans.
0.6278
dA
LA
Ans:
y = 1.00 m
384
*6–8.
4m
1 2
y x
4
Solution
x
Area And Moment Arm. The area of the differential element shown shaded in Fig. a 4m
1
is dA = x dy and its centroid is at ~
x = x. Here, x = 2y1>2.
2
Centroid. Perform the integration
1A x dA
4m
L0
1
~ a2y1>2 ba2y1>2 dyb
2
1A dA
x = = 4m
L0
2y1>2 dy
3
= m Ans.
2
Ans:
3
x = m
2
385
6–9.
4m
1 2
y x
4
Solution
x
Area And Moment Arm. The area of the differential element shown shaded in Fig. a 4m
is dA = x dy and its centroid is at ∼
y = y. Here, x = 2y1>2.
1A y dA
4m
L0
~ y a2y1>2 dyb
1A dA
y = = 4m
L0
2y1>2 dy
4m
4
a y 5>2 b `
5 0
= 4m
4
a y3>2 b `
3 0
12
= m Ans.
5
Ans:
12
y = m
5
386
6–10.
Locate the centroid of the area. y
y a cospx
L
x
Solution L L
2 2
Area And Moment Arm. The area of the differential element shown shaded in
p y a p
Fig. a is dA = ydx = a cos x dx and its centroid is at y~ = = cos x.
L 2 2 2
L>2
L-L>2
a
1A y dA
p p
~ a cos xbaa cos x dxb
2 L L
1A dA
y = = L>2
L-L>2
p
a cos x dx
L
L>2
a2
L-L>2
2p
acos x + 1b dx
4 L
= L>2
L-L>2
p
a cos x dx
L
a2 L 2p L>2
a sin x + xb `
4 2p L -L>2
= L>2
aL p
a sin xb `
p L -L>2
a2 L>4 p
= = a Ans.
2aL>p 8
Due to symmetry,
x = 0 Ans.
Ans:
p
y = a
8
x = 0
387
6–11.
y of the area.
Locate the centroid y shaded area. y
y
h
y —n x n
a
h
y h xn
–– x
an
a h
SOLUTION
dA = y dx x
y a
y =
2
a
' 1 h2
ydA 2 a 2n x 2n dx h2(a 2n + 1)
LA L0 2a 2n(2n + 1) hn + 1
y = = a = = Ans.
h
h(a n + 1) 2(2n + 1)
dA an xn dx a n(n + 1)
LA L0
Ans:
hn + 1
y =
2(2n + 1)
388
*6–12.
y h2 x2h
a
Solution
x
Area And Moment Arm. The area of the differential element shown shaded in Fig. a a
h
is dA = y dx = a - 2 x2 + hbdx and its centroid is at ~
x = x.
a
a
1A x dA L0
h
~ x a - 2 x2 + hbdx
a
1A dA
x = = a
L0
h 2
a - 2 x + hbdx
a
a
h 4 h
a- 2
x + x2 b `
4a 2 0
= a
h 3
a - 2 x + hxb `
3a 0
3
= a Ans.
8
Ans:
3
x = a
8
389
6–13.
y h2 x2h
a
Solution
x
Area And Moment Arm. The area of the differential element shown shaded in Fig. a a
h y 1 h2
is dA = y dx = a - 2 x2 + hbdx and its centroid is at ~
y = = a - x2 + hb.
a 2 2 a
a
1A y dA L0 2
1 h h
~ a - 2 x2 + hba - 2 x2 + hbdx
a a
1A dA
y = = a
L0
h 2
a - 2 x + hbdx
a
1 h2 5 2h2 3 a
a 4x - 2
x + h2xb `
2 5a 3a 0
= a
h 3
a - 2 x + hxb `
3a 0
2
= h Ans.
5
Ans:
2
y = h
5
390
6–14.
Locate the centroid ( x , y ) of the area.
solution
dA = y dx = 3(1 - x 2 )dx
x=x
y 3
y= = (1 - x 2 )
2 2
1
ò xdA = ò0 x[3(1 - x )]dx = 0.375 m
2
x= A
òA dA ò0 3(1 - x 2 )dx
1
Ans.
y=
òA ydA
òA dA
3 1
ò0 (1 - x )[3(1 - x )]dx
2 2
= 2
1
ò 3(1 - x )dx
2
0
= 1.2 m Ans.
391
6–15.
Locate the centroid ( x , y ) of the area.
Solution
Area and Moment Arm: The area of the differential element is dA = ydx
æ 1 ö y 1æ 1 ö
= ç 1 - x 2 ÷ dx and its centroid is y = = ç 1 - x 2 ÷ .
è 4 ø 2 2è 4 ø
Centroid. Due to symmetry
x =0 Ans.
Applying Eq. 9–4 and performing the integration, we have
2m 1æ 1 2 öæ 1 2ö
ò ydA = ò-2 m 2 çè 1 - 4 x ÷ç
y= A øè
1- x
4
÷ dx
ø
òA dA 2 m æ 1 ö
ò-2 m ç 1 - x ÷ dx
2
è 4 ø
2m
æx x 3
x ö 5
çç 2 - 12 + 160 ÷÷
è ø -2 m 2
= 2m
= m Ans.
æ x ö3 5
çç x - ÷÷
è 12 ø -2 m
392
*6–16.
Locate the centroid x of the area.
Solution
Area And Moment Arm: The area of the differential element is
600
dA = ydx = dx and its centroid is x = x .
x
Centroid. Applying Eq. 9–4 and performing the integration, we have
50 mm æ 600 ö
ò x dA ò12 mm x çèx
dx ÷
ø
x= A =
50 mm 600
òA dA ò12 mm x dx
50 mm
600 x
12 mm
=
50 mm
600 ln x
12 mm
= 26.63 mm = 26.6 mm Ans.
393
6–17.
Locate the centroid y of the area.
Solution
Area And Moment Arm. The area of the differential element is
600 y 300
dA = ydx = dx and its centroid is y = 2 = x
x
Centroid. Applying Eq. 9–4 and performing the integration, we have
50mm æ 300 öæ 600 ö

y=
ò y dA = ò çè
A
12mm
÷ç
x øè x
dx ÷
ø
50mm 600
ò dA A ò dx
12mm x
1 50 mm
- ( 300 )( 600 )
x 12 mm
=
50 mm
600 ln x
12 mm
= 13.31 mm = 13.3 mm Ans.
394
6–18.
h
y h —n x n
a
h
h n
y h — nx
a
x
SOLUTION h a
dA = y dx
x
' a
x = x
a
¢ hx - x ≤ dx
' h n+1
x dA an
LA L0
x = =
a
¢h - x ≤ dx
dA h n
LA L0 an
h1xn + 22
B x2 - R
a
h
2 an1n + 22 0
= n+1
2
B hx - R
h1x a
a n1n + 12 0
h h
a - b a2
2 n + 2 a(1 + n)
x = = Ans.
h 2(2 + n)
ah - ba
n + 1
Ans:
a(1 + n)
x =
2(2 + n)
395
6–19.
h
y h —n x n
a
h
h n
y h — x
an
x
SOLUTION h a
dA = y dx
x
' y a
y =
2
a
¢ h2 - 2 n xn + 2n x2n ≤ dx
' 1 h2 h2
y dA 2 L0 a
LA a
y = =
a
¢h - x ≤ dx
dA h n
LA L0 an
2h21xn + 12 h21x 2n + 12 a
Bh x - n R
1 2
+ 2n
2 a 1n + 12 a 12n + 12 0
=
h1x n + 12
B hx - R
a
n
a 1n + 12 0
2n2
h
21n + 1212n + 12 hn
y = = Ans.
n 2n + 1
n + 1
Ans:
hn
y =
2n + 1
396
*6–20.
h
y ––
ax
h h
y( )(xb)
Solution ab
a a - b x
Area And Moment arm. Here x1 = y and x2 = a b y + b. Thus, the area b
h h
a - b a
of the differential element is dA = ( x2 - x1 ) dy = c a by + b - y d dy =
h h
b ~ x2 - x1 1 a b b
( b - y ) dy and its centroid is at x = x1 + = ( x2 + x1 ) = y - y+ .
h 2 2 h 2h 2
h
1A x dA L0
a b b b
~ a y - y + b c ab - ybdy d
h 2h 2 h
1A dA
x = = h
L0
b
ab - ybdy
h
b b b2 h
c (a - b)y2 + (b - 2a)y3
+ y d `
2h 6h2 2 0
= h
b 2
aby - y b`
2h 0
bh
(a + b)
6
=
bh
2
1
= (a + b) Ans.
3
Ans:
1
x = (a + b)
3
397
6–21.
h
y ––
ax
h h
y( )(xb)
Solution ab
a a - b x
Area And Moment arm. Here, x1 = y and x2 = a by + b. Thus, the area b
h h
a - b a
of the differential element is dA = ( x2 - x1 ) dy = c a by + b - y d dy =
h h
b
ab - ybdy and its centroid is at ~y = y.
h
h
1A y dA L0
b
~ y ab - ybdy
h
1A dA
y = = h
L0
b
ab - ybdy
h
b b 3 h
a y2 - y b`
2 3h 0
=
b 2 h
aby - y b`
2h 0
1 2
bh
6 h
= = Ans.
1 3
bh
2
Ans:
h
y =
3
398
6–22.
x
y a sin a
Locate the centroid x of the shaded area. y

a
x
y a sin a x
ap
SOLUTION a
Area and Moment Arm: The area of the differential element is x

x ap
dA = ydx = a sin dx and its centroid are x = x.
a
pa
' x
xdA x a a sin dxb
LA L0 a
x = = pa
x
dA a sin dx
LA L0 a
pa
x x
c a3 sin - xa a2 cos b d `
a a 0
=
x pa
a - a2 cos b`
a 0
p
= a Ans.
2
Ans:
p
x = a
2
399
6–23.
x
y a sin a
Locate the centroid y of the shaded area. y

a
x
y a sin a x
ap
SOLUTION a
Area and Moment Arm: The area of the differential element is x

x y a x
dA = ydx = a sin dx and its centroid are y = = sin . ap
a 2 2 a
a
pa
x x 1 2 1 2x pa
ydA sin aa sin dxb c a a x - a sin bd`
L0 2 a a 4 2 a
y = LA = =
0
=
pa
Ans.
pa
x x pa 8
dA a sin dx 2
a - a cos b `
LA L0 a a 0
Ans:
pa
y =
8
400
*6–24.
Locate the centroid x of the area.
solution
1
Area and Moment Arm: Here, y1 = x 2 and y2 = x2 . The area of the
( 1
)
differential element is dA = ( y1 - y2 ) dx = x 2 - x 2 dx and its centroid is x = x.
Centroid: Applying Eq. 9 – 4 and performing the integration, we have
ò xdA = ò0 x ëê( x - x ) dx ûú
1m é 1
2 2 ù
x= A
òA dA ò0 ( x - x ) dx
1m 2
1
2
1m
æ 2 23 1 4 ö
ç x - x ÷
è5 4 ø0 9
1m
= m = 0.45m Ans.
æ2 1 3ö
1 20
ç x - x ÷
2
è3 3 ø0
401
6–25.
Locate the centroid y of the area.
solution
1
Area and Moment Arm: Here, y1 = x 2 and y2 = x2 . The area of the
2
( 1
)
differential element is dA = ( y1 - y2 ) dx = x 2 - x dx and its centroid is
y = y2 +
y1 - y2 1
2
1 1
= ( y1 + y2 ) = x 2 + x 2
2 2 ( )
Centroid: Applying Eq. 9 – 4 and performing the integration, we have
ò xdA = ò0
y= A
1m
2(
1 21
ë
1
)(
x - x 2 éê x 2 - x 2 dx ùú
û
)
òA dA
1m
ò0 (x 1
2
)
- x 2 dx
1m
1æ 1 2 1 5ö
ç x - x ÷
2è2 5 ø0 9
1m
= m = 0.45m Ans.
æ2 1 3ö
3 20
ç x - x ÷
2
è5 3 ø0
402
6–26.
yx
100 mm
y 1 x2
100
Solution
1 2 x
Area And Moment arm. Here, y2 = x and y1 = x . Thus, the area of the 100 mm
100
1 2
differential element shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = ( y2 - y1 ) dx = ( x - x ) dx
100
and its centroid is at ~
x = x.

100 mm
1A x dA L0
1 2
~ x ax - x bdx
100
1A dA
x = = 100 mm
L0
1 2
ax - x bdx
100
x3 1 4 100 mm
a - x b`
3 400 0
=
x2 1 3 100 mm
a - x b`
2 300 0
= 50.0 mm Ans.
Ans:
x = 50.0 mm
403
6–27.
yx
100 mm
y 1 x2
100
Solution
x
Area And Moment arm. Here, x2 = 10y 1>2 and x1 = y. Thus, the area of the 100 mm
differential element shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = ( x2 - x1 ) dy = ( 10y1>2 - y ) dy
and its centroid is at ~
y = y.
100 mm
1A y dA L0
~ y a10y1>2 - ybdy
1A dA
y = = 100 mm
L0
1>2
a10y - ybdy
y3 100 mm
a4y 5>2 - b`
3 0
=
20 3>2 y2 100 mm
a y - b`
3 2 0
= 40.0 mm Ans.
Ans:
y = 40.0 mm
404
*6–28.
h
y h —n xn
a
h
h
yh—
a x
x
Solution a
h n h
Area And Moment Arm. Here, y2 = h - x and y1 = h - x. Thus, the
an a
area of the differential element shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = ( y2 - y1 ) dx
h n h h h
= ch - x - ah - xb d dx = a x - n xn bdx and its centroid is ~
x = x.
an a a a
a
1A x dA L0
h h
~ x a x - n xn bdx
a a
1A dA
x = = a
L0
h h n
a x - n x bdx
a a
a
h 3 h
c x - n xn + 2 d `
3a a (n + 2) 0
= a
h 2 h
c x - n xn + 1 b `
2a a (n + 1) 0
ha2 (n - 1)
3(n + 2)
=
ha(n - 1)
2(n + 1)
2(n + 1)
= c da Ans.
3(n + 2)
Ans:
2(n + 1)
x = c da
3(n + 2)
405
6–29.
h
y h —n xn
a
h
h
yh—
a x
x
Solution a
h n h
Area And Moment Arm. Here, y2 = h - x and y1 = h - x. Thus, the
an a
area of the differential element shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = ( y2 - y1 ) dx
h h h h
= c h - n xn - ah - xb d dx = a x - n xn bdx and its centroid is at
a a a a
y2 - y1 1 1 h h 1 h h
∼
y = y1 + a b = ( y2 + y1 ) = ah - n xn + h - xb = a2h - n xn - xb.
2 2 2 a a 2 a a
a
1A y dA L0 2
1 h h h h
~ a2h - n xn - xba x - n xn bdx
a a a a
1A dA
y = = a
L0 a
h h n
a x - n x bdx
a
1 h2 2 h2 2h2 h2 a
c x - 2 x3 - n xn + 1 + 2n x2n + 1 d `
2 a 3a a (n + 1) a (2n + 1) 0
= a
h 2 h
c x - n xn + 1 b `
2a a (n + 1) 0
(4n + 1) (n - 1)
h2a c d
6(n + 1)(2n + 1)
=
n - 1
hac d
2(n + 1)
(4n + 1)
= c d h Ans.
3(2n + 1)
Ans:
(4n + 1)
y = c d h
3(2n + 1)
406
6–30.
The steel plate is 0.3 m thick and has a density of 7850 kg>m3. y
Determine the location of its center of gravity. Also find the
The steelatplate
reactions the pinis and
0.3 roller
m thick and has a density of
support. y
y2 2x
7850 kg>m3. Determine the location of its center of mass.
Also compute the reactions at the pin and roller support. y2 2x 2m
2m
x
SOLUTION A
x
y1 = -x1 A 2m
y 22 = 2x2 y x
2m
B
y x
dA = 1y2 - y12 dx = A 22x + x B dx
2m B
'
x = x
2m
' y2 + y1 22x - x
y = =
2 2
2 2
' 222 5>2 1
x dA x A 22x + x B dx c x + x3 d
LA L0 5 3 0
x= = 2
= = 1.2571 = 1.26 m Ans.
2
2 22 3>2 1
dA A 22x + x B dx c x + x2 d
LA L0 3 2 0
2
' 22x - x x2 1 2
y dA A 22x + x B dx c - x3 d
LA L0 2 2 6 0
y = = 2
= = 0.143 m Ans.
2
222 3>2 1
dA A 22x + x B dx c x + x2 d
LA L0 3 2 0
A = 4.667 m2
W = 785019.81214.667210.32 = 107.81 kN
a + ©MA = 0; -1.25711107.812 + NB A 2 22 B = 0
NB = 47.92 = 47.9 kN Ans.
:
+ ©F = 0; - A x + 47.92 sin 45° = 0
x
A x = 33.9 kN Ans.
+ c ©Fy = 0; A y + 47.92 cos 45° - 107.81 = 0
A y = 73.9 kN Ans.
Ans:
x = 1.26 m
y = 0.143 m
NB = 47.9 kN
Ax = 33.9 kN
Ay = 73.9 kN
407
6–31.
Locate the centroid z of the volume. z

1m
y2 0.5z
Solution 2m
Volume And Moment arm. The volume of the thin disk differential element shown
shaded in Fig. a is dV = py2 dz = p(0.5z)dz and its centroid is at ~
z = z.
y

2m x
1V z dV L0
~ z[p(0.5z)dz]
1V dV
z = = 2m
L0
p(0.5z)dz
0.57 3 2 m
z `
3 0
=
0.5p 2 2 m
z `
2 0
4
= m Ans.
3
Ans:
4
z = m
3
408
*6–32.
Locate the centroid of the y homogeneous solid formed by

revolving the shaded area about the y axis.
solution
Differential Element: The thin disk element shown shaded in Fig. a will be considered. The
volume of the element is dV = π z2 dy
Here, z = a − a 2 − y2 . Thus,
(
dV = π a − a 2 − y2 ) 2
(
dy = π 2a 2 − y2 − 2a a 2 − y2 dy )
Centroid: The centroid of the element is located at y = y.
ò xdV = ò0 y ëêπ ( 2a - y - 2a ) ( )
a é 2 2
a 2 - y2 dy ù
a
π ò 2a 2 - y3 - 2ay a 2 - y2 dy
y= A ûú =
0
òA dV ò0 π ( 2a2 - y2 - 2a - y ) dy π ò ( 2a - y ) dy
2m a
a2 2 2
- y 2 - 2a a 2 2
0
3a
æ y4 2a 2 ö
π çç a 2 y2 - + a - y2 ÷÷ 1 4
è 4 3 ø a
0 12 a
= = = Ans.
é
a
æ 10 - 3π ö 2(10 - 3π )
y 3
æ y öù ç ÷a
3
π ê 2a 2 y - - a ç y a 2 - y2 + a 2 sin -1 ÷ ú è 6 ø
ë 3 è a øû
0
409
6–33.
Locate the centroid of the ellipsoid of revolution. zz
y2 2 z2z
2
—2y— 11
b b2 a2a2
aa
xx yy
SOLUTION
bb
dV = p z2 dy
b
y2 y3 b
2pa2b
dV = p a2 a 1 - 2
b dy = p a2 c y - 2
d =
L L0 b 3b 0 3
b 2 2
y y y4 b p a 2b 2
p a2y a1 - b dy = p a2 c d =
'
ydV = 2
- 2
L L0 b 2 4b 0 4
' pa2b2
ydV
LV 4 3
y = = = b Ans.
2pa2b 8
dV
LV 3
x = z = 0 (By symmetry) Ans.
Ans:
3
y = b
8
x = z = 0
410
6–34.
Locate the centroid of the quarter-cone. z z
h
h
SOLUTION
a
'
z = z a y
a x y
r = (h - z)
h
x
p p a2
dV = r 2 dz = (h - z)2 dz
4 4 h2
h
p a2 p a2 2 z3 h
dV = 2
(h2 - 2hz + z2) dz = 2
c h z - hz2 + d
L 4 h L0 4h 3 0
p a2 h3 pa2 h
= 2
a b =
4h 3 12
2 h
' pa p a 2 2 z2 z3 z4 h
z dV = 2
(h2 - 2hz + z2) z dz = 2
ch - 2h + d
L 4 h L0 4h 2 3 4 0
p a2 h4 pa2h2
= a b =
4 h2 12 48
' p a 2 h2
z dV
L 48 h
z = = = Ans.
p a2h 4
dV
L 12
h h
' pa 2 4r pa2 4a
xdV = 2
(h - z)2 dz = (h3 - 3h2 z + 3hz2 - z3) dz
L 4 h L0 3p 4 h2 L0 3 p h
p a2 4a 3h4 h4
= 2
a h4 - + h4 - b
4 h 3ph 2 4
p a2 a h3 a3 h
= 2
a b =
4h 3p 12
a3 h
'
xdV
L 12 a
x = y = = 2
= Ans.
pa h p
dV
L 12
Ans:
h
z =
4
a
x = y =
p
411
6–35.
Locate the centroid z of the homogeneous solid frustum of

the paraboloid formed by revolving the shaded area about
the z axis.
solution
Differential Element: The thin disk element shown shaded in Fig. a will be considered. The volume of the element is
 a2 
dV = π y2dz = π  a 2 − z  dz
 h 
Centroid: The centroid of the element is located at zc = z
h/2
 
h/2 a2   h/2  a2 2   a2 a2 3 
∫ z π  a 2 − z  dz z2 −
∫ zdV = 0   h   ∫0 π  a 2z −

z  dz
h 
π 
 2
z 
3h  2
0
z= A = = = h Ans.
∫A dV
h/2
h/2  2 a2   a2   9
h/2
a2 
∫0 
π a − z
h 
 dz ∫0 π  a 2 −
 h
z  dz

π  a 2z − z2 
 2h 
0
412
*6–36.
Locate the centroid y of the channel’s cross-sectional area.
solution
Centroid: The area of each segment and its respective centroid are tabulated
below.
Segment A(mm 2 ) y(mm) yA(mm 3 )

1 60(40) 30 72000
2 120(20) 10 24000
å 4800 96000
Thus,
å yA 96000
y= = = 20mm Ans.
åA 4800
413
6–37.
Locate thethe
Determine centroid
locationy yofofthe
the beam’s
centroidcross-sectional area.
of the beam’s cross-
Neglect the
sectional area.size of the
Neglect thecorner welds
size of the at Awelds
corner and atBAfor
andthe
B
calculation.
for the calculation.
35 mm
35 mm
A
A
110 mm
SOLUTION 110 mm C
' 35 2 35 15 mm
C
©yA = p(25)2(25) + 15(110)(50 + 55) + pa b a50 + 110 + b = 393 112 mm3
2 2 _ 15
B mm
y
35 2 50 mmB
©A = p(25)2 + 15(110) + pa b = 4575.6 mm2 y
2
50 mm
'
©yA 393 112
y = = = 85.9 mm Ans.
©A 4575.6
Ans:
y = 85.9 mm
414
6–38.
Locate the centroid y of the cross-sectional area of the

built-up beam.
solution
Centroid: The centroid of each composite segment is shown in Fig. a,
å yA 30 [2(60)(10)] + 55(60)(10) + 90(60)(10)

y= = = 51.25mm Ans.
åA 2(60)(10) + 60(10) + 60(10)
415
6–39.
Locate the centroid y for the beam’s cross-sectional area.
120 mm
240 mm
x
Solution y
Centroid. The locations of the centroids measuring from the x axis for segments
240 mm
1 and 2 are indicated in Fig. a. Thus,
240 mm
120 mm
Σy~A 300(120)(600) + 120(240)(120)
y = =
ΣA 120(600) + 240(120)
= 248.57 mm = 249 mm
Ans:
y = 249 mm
416
*6–40.

concrete beam.
solution
å yA 30(120)(60) + 195(270)(60) + 345(240)(30)

y= = = 191mm Ans.
åA 120(60) + 270(60) + 240(30)
417
6–41.
Locate the centroid y of the beam having the cross-sectional 150 mm

area shown. 15 mm
B
y
C
x x
150 mm
15 mm
Solution
15 mm A
Centroid. The locations of the centroids measuring from the x axis for segments 1,
100 mm
2 and 3 are indicated in Fig. a. Thus,
Σ~
yA 7.5(15)(150) + 90(150)(15) + 172.5(15)(100)
y = =
ΣA 15(150) + 150(15) + 15(100)
= 79.6875 mm = 79.7 mm Ans.
Ans:
y = 79.7 mm
418
6–42.
Locate the
Locate the centroid
centroid yy of
of the
the cross-sectional
cross-sectional area
area ofof the
the
Locate
beam the centroid
constructed from ya of the
channel cross-sectional
and a plate. area
Assume
beam constructed from a channel and a plate. Assume all of the
all
beam are
corners
corners constructed
are square and
square from
and a channel
neglect
neglect and
the size
the size of athe
of plate.
the weldAssume
weld A. all
at A.
at
corners are square and neglect the size of the weld at A. mm y y
2020mm
20 mm y
350
350mmmm
350 mm
CC
C 1010mm
AA mm
10 mm
A
7070mm
mm
70 mm
SOLUTION 325
325mmmm 325
325mmmm
SOLUTION 325 mm 325 mm
Centroid: The area of each segment and its respective centroid are tabulated below.
' '
Segment A (mm2) 2 y '(mm) yA 3
' (mm ) 3
Segment A (mm ) y (mm) y A (mm )
1 350(20) 175 1 225 000
1 350(20) 175 1 225 000
2 630(10) 355 2 236 500
2 630(10) 355 2 236 500
3 70(20) 385 539 000
3 70(20) 385 539 000
© 14 700 4 000 500
© 14 700 4 000 500
Thus,
Thus,
'
' ©yA ' 4 000 500
y '= ©yA= 4 000 500= 272.14 mm = 272 mm Ans.
y = ©A = 14 700 = 272.14 mm = 272 mm Ans.
©A 14 700
Ans:
y = 272 mm
419
6–43.

built-up beam.
solution
Centroid: The centroid of each composite segment is shown in Fig. a.
å yA 2 [225(450)(20)] + 350(200)(20) + 460(300)(20)

y= =
åA 2(450)(20)] + 200(20) + 300(20)
= 293mm Ans.
420
*6–44.
Locate the centroid y to the centroid of the member’s

cross-sectional area.
solution
æ1ö
S yA = 50(600)(100) + 2(150) ç ÷ (250)(150) + 475(750)(100)
è2ø
= 44.25 (106 ) mm 3
1
S A = 600(100) + (2)   (250)(150) + 750(100)
2
= 0.1725 (106 ) mm 2
S yA 44.25 (106 )
y= = = 257 mm Ans.
S A 0.1725 (106 )
421
6–45.
Locate the centroid y of the cross-sectional area of he built-

up beam.
solution
å yA 57.5(115)(15) + 122.5(80)(15) + 112.5(15) + 112.5(35)(15)

y= = = 91.7mm Ans.
åA 115(15) + 80(15) + 35(15)
422
6–46.

built-up beam.
solution
Centroid: The centroid of each composite segment is shown in Fig. a.

∑ yA 225 (450)(40) + 2[400(200)(10)] + 510(400)(20)
y= =
∑A 450(40) + 2(200)(10) + 400(20)
= 324 mm Ans.
423
6–47.
Locate the center of mass ( x , y, z ) of the homogeneous

block assembly.
solution
Centroid : Since the block is made of a homogeneous material, the center of mass of the block coincides with the
centroid of its volume. The centroid of each composite segment is shown in Fig. a,
1
(75)(150)(150) + (225)(150)(150)(200) + (200)   (150)(150)(100)
∑ xV 2 2.16525(109 )
x= = = = 120mm Ans.
∑V 1 18(106 )
(150)(150)(550) + (150)(150)(200) + (150)(150)(100)
2
1
(275)(150)(150)(550) + (450)(150)(150)(200) + (50)   (150)(150)(100)
∑ yV 2 5.484375(109 )
y= = = = 305mm Ans.
∑V 1 18(106 )
(150)(150)(550) + (150)(150)(200) + (150)(150)(100)
2
1
(75)(150)(150)(550) + (75)(150)(150)(200) + (50)   (150)(150)(100)
∑ yV 2 1.321875(109 )
z= = = = 73.4 mm Ans.
∑V 1 18(106 )
(150)(150)(550) + (150)(150)(200) + (150)(150)(100)
2
424
*6–48.
Determine the distance h to which a 100-mm-diameter hole z

must be bored into the base of the cone so that the center of
gravity of the resulting shape is located at z = 115 mm. The
material has a density of 8 Mg>m3.
Determine the distance h to which a 100-mm diameter hole z
must be bored into the base of the cone so that the center of
mass of the resulting shape is located at z = 115 mm. The 500 mm
material has a density of 8 Mg>m3.
Solution
h C _
z
1 2
3 p10.152 10.52 4A B - p10.05221h2 A h2 B
0.5
50 mm
y
1 2 2
= 0.115 150 mm 500 mm
3 p10.152 10.52 - p10.052 1h2
0.4313 - 0.2875 h = 0.4688 - 1.25 h2 x

h C _
z
y
h2 - 0.230 h - 0.0300 = 0 50 mm
150 mm
Choosing the positive root,

x
h = 323 mm Ans.
Ans:
h = 323 mm
425
6–49.
Determine the
Determine the distance
distancezztotothe
thecentroid
centroidofofthe
theshape
shape that
which zz
consists of
consists ofaacone
conewith
with a hole
a hole of height
of height h = h50=mm 50 mm bored
bored into
into
its its base.
base.
500 mm
500 mm
SOLUTION
h C _
© z V = p (0.15)2 A 0.5 B a
1 0.5 0.05 z
b - p (0.05)2 (0.05) a b
' y
h 50 mm C z
3 4 2 150 mm
y
50 mm
-3
= 1.463(10 ) m 4 150 mm
1 x
©V = p (0.15)2 (0.5) - p (0.05)2 (0.05)
3
x
3
= 0.01139 m
'
©z V 1.463 (10 - 3)
z = = = 0.12845 m = 128 mm Ans.
©V 0.01139
Ans:
z = 128 mm
426
6–50.
The assembly is made made fromfrom aa steel

steel hemisphere,
hemisphere, zz
= 7.80
rstst = Mg>m3,
7.80 Mg>m and an aluminum cylinder,
cylinder,
8080mm
mm
= 2.70
ralal = Mg>m33. Determine
2.70 Mg>m Determinethe thecenter
massofcenter
gravityofof the
assembly if the height of the cylinder is h == 200
200mm.
mm.
GG hh
__
zz
160
160mm
SOLUTION mm
yy
© z m = C 0.160 - 38 (0.160) D A 23 B p(0.160)3 (7.80) + A 0.160 + 0.2
2 B p(0.2)(0.08)2(2.70)
= 9.51425(10 - 3) Mg # m
xx
©m = A 2
3 B p(0.160)3(7.80) + p (0.2)(0.08)2(2.70)
= 77.7706(10 - 3) Mg
© zm 9.51425(10 - 3)
z = = = 0.122 m = 122 mm Ans.
©m 77.7706(10 - 3)
Ans:
z = 122 mm
427
6–51.
The assembly is made from aa steel steel hemisphere,

hemisphere, zz
Mg>m33,,
rst = 7.80 Mg>m and an aluminum
aluminum cylinder,
cylinder,
8080
mmmm
ral = 2.70• Mg>m33.. Determine
2.70 •Mg>m Determine thethe height h of the cylinder
so that
that the
thecenter
mass of gravity
center of ofthetheassembly
assemblyisis located
located at
z == 160
160mm.
mm.
GG hh
__
zz
160 mm
SOLUTION 160 mm
yy
© z m = C 0.160 - 38 (0.160) D A 23 B p(0.160)3 (7.80) + A 0.160 + h
2 B p (h)(0.08)2(2.70)
= 6.691(10 - 3) + 8.686(10 - 3) h + 27.143(10 - 3) h2
xx
2
©m = A 3 B p(0.160)3(7.80) + p (h)(0.08)2(2.70)
= 66.91(10 - 3) + 54.29(10 - 3) h
© zm 6.691(10 - 3) + 8.686(10 - 3) h + 27.143(10 - 3) h2

z = = = 0.160
©m 66.91(10 - 3) + 54.29(10 - 3) h
Solving,
h = 0.385 m = 385 mm Ans.
Ans:
h = 385 mm
428
*6–52.
Locate the center of mass for the compressor assembly.The

locations of the centers of mass of the various components
and their masses are indicated and tabulated in the figure.
What are the vertical reactions at blocks A and B needed to
support the platform?
solution
Centroid : The mass of each component of the compressor and its respective
centroid are tabulated below.
Component m(kg) x(m) y(m) xm(kg× m) ym(kg ⋅ m)
1 230 1.80 1.20 414.00 276.00
2 183 5.91 4.83 1081.53 883.89
3 120 8.78 3.26 1053.60 391.20
4 85 2.30 3.68 195.50 312.80
5 468 4.72 3.15 2208.96 1474.20
å 1086 4953.59 3338.09
Thus,
∑ xm 4953.59
x= = = 4.561m = 4.56 m Ans.
∑m 1086
∑ ym 3338.09
y= = = 3.074 m = 3.07 m
∑m 1086 Ans.
Equations of Equilibrium :
+ ∑ M A = 0; By (10.42) − 1086(9.81)(4.561) = 0
By = 4663.60 N = 4.66 kN Ans.
+ ∑ Fy = 0; Ay + 4663.60 − 1086(9.81) = 0
Ay = 5990.06 N = 5.99 kN Ans.
429
The composite plate is made from both steel (A) and brass z
(B) segments. Determine the mass and location 1x, y,
© 2018 Pearson Education Ltd. All rights reserved.
z2 of
This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist.
its mass Nocenter
portion ofG.this Take
material rst =be7.85
may Mg>m3 in and
reproduced, any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
rbr = 8.74 Mg>m3.
6–53. A
225 mm
The composite plate is made from both steel (A) and brass z
(B) segments. Determine the weight and location (x, y, z) of G
its center of gravity G. Take rst = 7.85 Mg>m3, and
150 mm y
rbr = 8.74 Mg>m3.
B
150 mmA
225 mm
30 mm
G
SOLUTION x
150 mm y
1 1
©m = ©rV = c 8.74 a (0.15)(0.225)(0.03)b d + c 7.85 a (0.15)(0.225)(0.03) b d B
2 2
150 mm
+ [7.85(0.15)(0.225)(0.03)]
30 mm
= C 4.4246 A 10 - 3 B D + C 3.9741 A 10 - 3 B D + C 7.9481 A 10 - 3 B D
x
= 16.347 A 10 - 3 B = 16.4 kg Ans.
2 1
©xm = a0.150 + (0.150) b (4.4246) A 10 - 3 B + a 0.150 + (0.150) b (3.9741) A 10 - 3 B
3 3
(0.150)(7.9481)(10 -3) = 2.4971(10 -3) kg # m

1
+
2
1 2 0.225
©zm = a (0.225)b(4.4246) A 10 - 3 B + a (0.225)b (3.9471) A 10 - 3 B + a b(7.9481) A 10 - 3 B
3 3 2
= 1.8221 A 10 - 3 B kg # m
©xm 2.4971(10 - 3)
x = = = 0.153 m = 153 mm Ans.
©m 16.347(10 - 3)
Due to symmetry:
y = - 15 mm Ans.
©zm 1.8221(10 - 3)
z = = = 0.1115 m = 111 mm Ans.
©m 16.347(10 - 3)
Ans:
Σm = 16.4 kg
x = 153 mm
y = - 15 mm
z = 111 mm
430
6–54.
Locate the center of mass z of the assembly. The assembly

consists of a cylindrical center core, A, having a density of
7.90 Mg/m3, and a cylindrical outer part, B, and a cone cap,
C, each having a density of 2.70 Mg/m3.
solution
Center of mass: The assembly is broken into four composite, segments, as shown in Fig. a, b, and c. Since segment (3) is a
hole to segments (1) and (2), its mass should be considred negative. We have
é1 ù
2700(0.3) éëπ (0.32 )(0.6)ùû + 2700(0.6 + 0.2) ê π (0.32 )(0.8)ú + (0.5) é -2700 éëπ (0.12 )(1)ùû ù + 7900(0.5) éëπ (0.12 )(1)ùû
å zc m ë3 û ë û
z= =
åm é 1 ù
2700 éëπ (0.3 )(0.6)ùû + 2700 ê π (0.3 )(0.8)ú + é -2700 éëπ (0.1 )(1)ùû ù + 2700 éëπ (0.12 )(1)ùû
2 2 2
ë3 û ë û
121.58π
= = 0.4630m = 463mm
262.6π
431
6–55.
Locate the center of

Locate mass z zofofthe
of gravity theassembly.
assembly.The
The cylinder
cylinder zz
and the
and the cone
cone are
are made
made from
from materials
materials having
having densities of
of
Mg>m33and
5 Mg>m Mg>m33, ,respectively.
and99Mg>m respectively.
0.4 0.6
0.6mm
0.4mm
SOLUTION
Center of mass: The assembly is broken into two composite segments, as shown in
Figs. a and b.
0.2 0.8mm
0.8
0.2mm
1
' 5000(0.4) C p(0.2 )(0.8) D + 9000(0.8 + 0.15)c p(0.4 2)(0.6) d
2
© zm 3
z = = xx yy
©m 1
5000 C p(0.2 2)(0.8) D + 9000 c p(0.4 2)(0.6) d
3
1060.60
= = 0.754 m = 754 mm Ans.
1407.4
Ans:
z = 754 mm
432
*6–56.
Determine the moment of inertia for the area about the y

x axis.
y2 1 0.5x
1m
x
Solution 2m
Differential Element. Here, x = 2(1 - y2). The area of the differential element
parallel to the x axis shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = xdy = 2(1 - y2)dy.
Moment of Inertia. Perform the integration

1m
LA L0
Ix = y2dA = y2[2(1 - y2)dy]
1m
L0
= 2 (y2 - y4)dy
1m
y3 y5
= 2a - b 3
3 5
0
4 4
= m = 0.267 m4 Ans.
15
Ans:
Ix = 0.267 m4
433
6–57.

y axis.
y2 1 0.5x
1m
x
Solution 2m
Differential Element. Here, x = 2(1 - y2). The moment of inertia of the differential
element parallel to the x axis shown shaded in Fig. a about the y axis is
∼2
dIy = dIy' + dAx
1 x 2
= (dy)x3 + xdya b
12 2
1 3
= x dy
3
1
= 32(1 - y2) 4 3 dy
3
8
= ( - y6 + 3y4 - 3y2 + 1)dy
3
1m
L 3 L0
8
Iy = dIy = ( -y6 + 3y4 - 3y2 + 1)dy
8 y7 3 1m
= a - + y5 - y3 + yb `
3 7 5 0
128 4
= m = 1.22 m4 Ans.
105
Ans:
Iy = 1.22 m4
434
6–58.
Determine the moment of inertia of the area about the y

x axis.
y bn xn
a
b
Solution x
a 1 a
Differential Element. Here x = 1
y . The area of the differential element parallel
n
bn a 1
to the x axis shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = (a - x)dy = aa - 1 y n bdy.
bn
b
LA L0
a 1
Ix = y2dA = y2aa - 1
yn bdy
b
n
L0
a 1
= aay2 - 1
yn + 2 bdy
b
n
b
a a n 3n + 1
= c y3 - a 1 ba by d3
3 bn 3n + 1 n
0
1 3 n
= ab - a bab3
3 3n + 1
ab3
= Ans.
3(3n + 1)
Ans:
ab3
Ix =
3(3n + 1)
435
6–59.

y axis.
y bn xn
a
b
Solution x
a
Differential Element. The area of the differential element parallel to the y axis
b
shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = ydx = n xndx.
a
a
LA L0
b n
Iy = x2dA = x2 a x dxb
an
a
L0
b n+2
= nx dx
a
a
b 1 n+3
= a b(x ) `
an n + 3 0
a3b
= Ans.
n + 3
Ans:
a3b
Iy =
n + 3
436
*6–60.

x axis.
100 mm
Solution 200 mm y 1 x2
1 50
Differential Element. Here x = 250y . The area of the differential
2
1
element parallel
to the x axis shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = 2x dy = 2250y2dy.
Moment of Inertia. Perform the integration x
200 mm
LA L0
1
Ix = y2dA = y2 c 2250y dy d 2
200 mm
L0
5
= 2250 y2dy
200 mm
2 7
= 2250 a y2 b 3
7
0
= 457.14(10 ) mm4 6
= 457(106) mm4 Ans.
Ans:
Ix = 457 ( 106 ) mm4
437
6–61.

y axis.
100 mm
Solution 200 mm y 1 x2
1 50
Differential Element. Here, x = 250 y . The moment of inertia of the differential
2
element parallel to the x axis shown in Fig. a about the y axis is

1 2 2 1 100250 3
dIy = (dy)(2x)3 = x3dy = ( 250y2 ) 3dy = y2dy. x
12 3 3 3
200 mm
L L0
100150 3
Iy = dIy = y2dy
3
200 mm
100250 2 5 3
= a y2 b
3 5
0
6 4
= 53.33(10 ) mm
= 53.3(106) mm4 Ans.
Ans:
Iy = 53.3(106) mm4
438
6–62.

x axis.
y x1/ 2
1m
x
Solution
1m
shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = ydx. The moment of inertia of this element about
the x axis is
dIx = dIx′ + dA ∼
y2
1 y 2
= (dx)y3 + ydx a b
12 2
1 3
= y dx
3
1 1 3
= (x2) dx
3
1 3
=x2 dx
3
Moment of Inertia. Perform the integration.
1m
L L0
1 3
Ix = dIx = x2dx
3
1m
2 53
= x2
15
0
2 4
= m = 0.133 m4 Ans.
15
Ans:
Ix = 0.133 m4
439
6–63.

y axis.
y x1/ 2
1m
x
Solution
1m
Differential Element. The area of the 1differential element parallel to the y axis
shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = ydx = x2dx.
1m
LA L0
1
Iy = x2dA = x2 ( x2dx )
1m
2 7
= x2 3
7
0
2
= m4 = 0.286 m4 Ans.
7
Ans:
Iy = 0.286 m4
440
*6–64.
Determine the moment of inertia of the area about the x

axis. Solve the problem in two ways, using rectangular
differential elements: (a) having a thickness of dx, and (b)
having a thickness of dy.
solution
a) Differential Element : The area of the differential element parallel to y axis is dA = ydx. The moment of
inertia of this element about x axis is
dI x = dI x¢ + dAy 2
2
1  y
= (dx)y 3 + ydx  
12 2
1
( )
3
= 4 - 4x2 dx
3
=
1
3
(
-64 x 6 + 192 x 4 - 192 x 2 + 64 dx )
Moment of Inertia : Performing the integration, we have
ò-1 m ( -64 x )
1 1m
I x = ò dlx = 6
+ 192 x 4 - 192 x 2 + 64 dx
3
1  64 192 5 192 3  1m
=  − x7 + x − x + 64 x 
3 7 5 3  −1 m
= 19.5 m4 Ans.
1
b) Differential Element : Here, x = 4 - y . The area of the differential
2
element parallel to x axis is dA = 2 xdy = 4 - y dy.
Moment of Inertia : Applying Eq. 10–1 and performing the integration, we have
4m
I x = ∫ y2 dA = ∫ y2 4 − y dy
A 0
4m
é 2
(
êë - 105 128 + 48x + 15 x
2
) ( 4 - y)3 ùú
û 0
= 19.5 m4 Ans.
441
6–65.
Determine the moment of inertia about the x axis. y
x2 4y2 4
1m
Solution x
1 2m
Differential Element. Here, y = 24 - x2. The moment of inertia of the differential
2
element parallel to the y axis shown shaded in Fig. a about the x axis is
∼2
dIx = dIx′ + dAy
1 y 2
= (dx)y3 + ydx a b
12 2
1 3
= y dx
3
3
1 1
= a 24 - x2 b dx
3 2
1
= 2(4 - x2)3 dx
24
Moment of Inertia. Perform the integration.
2m
L L0
1
Ix = dIx = 2(4 - x2)3 dx
24
1 x 2m
= c x2(4 - x2)3 + 6x24 - x2 + 24 sin - 1 d `
96 2 0
p 4
= m Ans.
8
Ans:
p 4
Ix = m
8
442
6–66.
Determine the moment of inertia about the y axis. y
x2 4y2 4
1m
Solution x
1 2m
Differential Element. Here, y = 24 - x2. The area of the differential element
2
1
parallel to the y axis shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = ydx = 24 - x2dx.
2

2m
LA L0
1
Iy = x2dA = x2 c 24 - x2dx d
2
2m
2 L0
1
= x2 24 - x2dx
2m
1 x 1 x
= c - 2(4 - x2)3 + ax24 - x2 + 4 sin - 1 b d `
2 4 2 2 0
p 4
= m Ans.
2
Ans:
p 4
Iy = m
2
443
6–67.
Determine the
Determine themoment
momentofof inertia
inertia forof
thethe area area
shaded about the
about yy
x axis.
the x axis.
y2y hh
2 —
22
x
b—x
b
hh
xx
bb
SOLUTION
1 3
d Ix = y dx
3
Ix = d Ix
L
b 3 b
y 1 h2 3>2 3>2
= dx = a b x dx
L0 3 L0 3 b
1 h2 3>2 2 5>2 b
= a b a bx ]0
3 b 5
2
= bh3 Ans.
15
Also,
b 2
dA = (b - x) dy = (b - y ) dy
h2
Ix = y2 dA
L
h
b 2
= y2 (b - y ) dy
L0 h2
b b 5 h
= c y3 - y d
3 5h2 0
2
= bh3 Ans.
15
Ans:
2
Ix = bh3
15
444
*6–68.
Determine the moment of inertia of the area about the x

axis.
Solution
y2
dA = x dy = dy
2
I x = ∫ y2dA
2 y4
=∫ dy
0 2
2
 y5 
= 
 10  0
= 3.20 m 4 Ans.
Also,
dA = (2 - 2 x )dx
dI x = dI x + dAy 2
2
1 æ 2 - 2x ö
= dx(2 - 2 x )3 + (2 - 2 x )dx çç + 2 x ÷÷
12 è 2 ø
1 3 1 2
= (2 - 2 x ) dx + (2 - 2 x )(2 + 2 x ) dx
12 4
I x = ∫ dI x
2 1 1 
= ∫  (2 − 2 x )3 + (2 − 2 x )(2 + 2 x )2 dx
0  12 4 
= 3.20 m 4 Ans.
445
6–69.

axis.
Solution
Differential Element: The area of the differential element parallel to the y-axis is
1
dA = (2 - y)dx = (2 - 2 x 2 )dx.
Moment of Inertia: Applying Eq. 10–1 and performing the integration

2m 1
I y = ò x 2dA = ò x 2 (2 - 2 x 2 )dx
A 0
2m 5
=ò (2 x 2 - 2 x 2 )dx
0
2m
é2 2 2 72 ù
= ê x3 - x ú
ë 3 7 û0
= 0.762 m 4 Ans.
446
6–70.

x axis.
8m
Solution y 1 x3
1
8
Differential Element. Here, x = 2y . The area of the1 differential element parallel to
3
x
the x axis shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = xdy = 2y3 dy. 4m

8m
LA L0
1
2 2
Ix = y dA = y (2y3 dy)
8m
L0
7
= 2 y3 dy
3 10 8 m
= 2a y3 b `
10 0
= 614.4 m4 = 614 m4 Ans.
Ans:
Ix = 614 m4
447
6–71.

y axis.
8m
Solution y 1 x3
8
Differential Element. The area of the differential element parallel to the y axis, x
1 4m
shown shaded in Fig. a, is dA = (8 - y)d x = a8 - x3 bdx.
8
4m
LA L0
1 3
Iy = x2dA = x2 a8 - x b dx
8
4m
L0
1 5
= a8x2 - x b dx
8
4m
8 1 6 3
= a x3 - x b
3 48
0
= 85.33 m = 85.3 m4
4
Ans.
Ans:
Iy = 85.3 m4
448
*6–72.

x axis.
y2 1 x
1m
x
1m
Solution 1m
1
Differential Element. Here, y = (1 - x) . The moment of inertia of the
2
differential element parallel to the y axis shown shaded in Fig. a about the x axis is
1 2 2 1 2 3
dIx = (dx)(2y)3 = y3dx = 3(1 - x)2 4 3 dx = (1 - x)2 dx.
12 3 3 3

1m
L L0
2 3
Ix = dIx = (1 - x)2 dx
3
1m
2 2 5
= c - (1 - x)2 d `
3 5 0
4 4
= m = 0.267 m4 Ans.
15
Ans:
Ix = 0.267 m4
449
6–73.

y axis.
y2 1 x
1m
x
1m
Solution 1m
2
Differential Element. Here x = 1 - y . The moment of inertia of the differential
element parallel to the x axis shown shaded in Fig. a about the y axis is
∼2
dIy = dIy′ + dAx
1 x 2
= (dy)x3 + xdy a b
12 2
1 3
= x dy
3
1
= (1 - y2)3dy
3
1
( -y6 + 3y4 - 3y2 + 1)dy
=
3
1m
L L-1 m 3
1
Iy = dIy = ( - y6 + 3y4 - 3y2 + 1)dy
1 y7 3 1m
= ( - + y5 - y3 + y) `
3 7 5 -1 m
32 4
= m = 0.305 m4 Ans.
105
Ans:
Iy = 0.305 m4
450
6–74.

x axis.
h
y h x3
b3
Solution x
b
Differential Element. The moment of inertia of the differential element parallel to
the y axis shown shaded in Fig. a about the x axis is
∼2
dIx = dIx′ + dAy
1 y 2
= (dx)y3 + ydx a b
12 2
1 3
= y dx
3
1 h 3 3
= a x b dx
3 b3
h3 9
= x dx
3b9
b
h3 9
L L0 3b
Ix = dIx = 9
x dx
h3 x10 b
= a b`
3b9 10 0
1 3
= bh Ans.
30
Ans:
1
Ix = bh3
30
451
6–75.

y axis.
h
y h x3
b3
Solution x
b
h
shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = ydx = 3 x3dx.
b
b
LA L0
h 3
Iy = x2dA = x2 a x bdx
b3
b
b3 L0
h
= x5dx
h x6 6
= a b`
b3 6 0
b3h
= Ans.
6
Ans:
b3h
Iy =
6
452
*6–76.

x axis.
y2 2x
2m
yx
x
2m
Solution
1 2
Differential Element. Here, x2 = y and x1 = y . The area of the differential element
2
1
parallel to the x axis shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = (x2 - x1)dy = ay - y2 bdy.
2
2m
LA L0
1 2
Ix = y2dA = y2 ay - y bdy
2
2m
L0
1 4
= ay3 - y bdy
2
y4 y5 2 m
= a - b2
4 10 0
= 0.8 m4 Ans.
Ans:
Ix = 0.8 m4
453
6–77.

y axis.
y2 2x
2m
yx
x
Solution 2m
1
Differential Element. Here, y2 = 22x2 and y1 = x. The area of the differential
element parallel to the y axis shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = (y2 - y1) dx
= 1 22x2 - x 2 dx.
1

2m
LA L0
1
Iy = x2dA = x2 a 22x2 - xbdx
2m
L0
= 1 22x 5
2 - x3 2 dx
222 7 x4 2 2 m
= a x2 - b
7 4 0
4 4
= m = 0.571 m4 Ans.
7
Ans:
Iy = 0.571 m4
454
6–78.

x axis. b2
y2 —x
a
b
b x2
y —
a2
x
a
Solution
a 1 a 2
Differential Element. Here, x2 = 1
y2 and x1 =
2
y . Thus, the area of the
b 2 b
differential element parallel to the x axis shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = (x2 - x1) dy
a 1 a
= a 1 y2 - 2 y2 b dy.
b2 b
b
LA L0
a 1 a
Ix = y2dA = y2 a 1 y2 - 2 y2 bdy
b2 b
b
L0 b2
a 5 a
= a 1 y2 - 2 y4 bdy
b
2a 7 a 5 b
= a y2 - y b2
5b2
1
7b 2 0
3ab3
= Ans.
35
Ans:
3ab3
Ix =
35
455
6–79.

y axis.
b2
y2 —x
a
b
b x2
y —
a2
x
a
Solution
b 1 b 2
Differential Element. Here, y2 = 1
x2 and y1 =
2
x . Thus, the area of the
a 2 a
differential element parallel to the y axis shown shaded in Fig. a is dA = (y2 - y1)dx
b 1 b
= a 1 x2 - 2 x2 b dx.
a2 a
a
LA L0
b 1 b
Iy = x2dA = x2 a 1 x2 - 2 x2 bdx
a 2 a
a
L0 a2
b 5 b
= a 1 x2 - 2 x4 bdx
a
2b 7 b 5 a
= a x2 - x b2
5a2
1
7a 2 0
2 3 1
= a b - a3b
7 5
3a3b
= Ans.
35
Ans:
3a3b
Iy =
35
456
*6–80.
The polar moment of inertia for the area is y¿

JC = 642 (106) mm4, about the z′ axis passing through the
centroid C. The moment of inertia about the y′ axis is
264 (106) mm4, and the moment of inertia about the x axis is
938 (106) mm4. Determine the area A.
C
x¿
Solution
Applying the parallel-axis theorem with d y = 200 mm and Ix = 938 ( 106 ) mm4,
200 mm
Ix = Ix′ + Ad 2y
938 ( 106 ) = Ix′ + A ( 2002 )
x
Ix′ = 938 ( 106 ) - 40 ( 103 ) A
with known polar moment of inertia about C,

JC = Ix′ + Iy′
642 ( 106 ) = 938 ( 106 ) - 40 ( 103 ) A + 264 ( 106 )
A = 14.0 ( 103 ) mm2

Ans.
Ans:
A = 14.0 ( 103 ) mm2
457
6–81.
Determine the
Determine locationy yofofthethe
the location centroid
centroid of the
of the cross-
channel’s 5050
mmmm 5050
mmmm
sectional area of the channel, and then calculate
cross-sectional area and then calculate the moment of the moment
of inertia
inertia of this
of the areaarea about
about thisthis
axis.axis.
xx
250 mm
250 mm
–y –
y
SOLUTION
5050
mmmm
350 mm
350 mm
' '
Segment A (mm2) y (mm) y A (mm3)
1 100(250) 125 3.12511062
2 250(50) 25 0.312511062
© 37.511032 3.437511062
Thus,
' 3.437511062
' ©yA
y = = = 91.67 mm = 91.7 mm Ans.
©A 37.511032
Moment of Inertia: The moment of inertia about the x¿ axis for each segment can be
determined using the parallel-axis theorem Ix¿ = Ix¿ + Ad2y.
Segment Ai (mm2) (dy)i (mm) (Ix¿)i (mm4) (Ad 2y)i (mm4) (Ix¿)i (mm4)
1 3
1 100(250) 33.33 12 110021250 2 27.77811062 157.9911062
1 3
2 250(50) 66.67 12 12502150 2 55.55611062 58.1611062
Thus,
Ix¿ = © Ix¿ i = 216.15 106 mm4 = 216 106 mm4 Ans.
Ans:
∼
y = 91.7 mm
Ix′ = 216(106) mm4
458
6–82.
Determine y, which locates the centroidal axis x′ for the y¿

cross-sectional area of the T-beam, and then find the
moments of inertia Ix′ and Iy′.
75 mm
75 mm
y
20 mm
Solution
C
Centroid. Referring to Fig. a, the areas of the segments and their respective centroids
are tabulated below. x¿
150 mm
∼ ∼A(mm3)
Segment A(mm2) y (mm) y
1 150(20) 10 30(103)
2 20(150) 95 285(103)
20 mm
Σ 6(103) 315(103)
∼2
Σy A 315(103)
Thus, y = = = 52.5 mm Ans.
ΣA 6(103)
Moment of Inertia. The moment of inertia about the x′ axis for each segment can
be determined using the parallel axis theorem, Ix′ = Ix′ + Ad 2y. Referring to Fig. b,
Segment Ai(mm2) (dy)i (mm) (Ix′)i (mm4) (Ad 2y)i (mm4) (Ix′)i (mm4)
1 150(20) 42.5 1 6
5.51875(106)
(150)(203) 5.41875(10 )
12
2 20(150) 42.5 1 6
11.04375(106)
(20)(1503) 5.41875(10 )
12
Thus,
Ix′ = Σ(Ix′)i = 16.5625(106) mm4 = 16.6(106) mm4 Ans.

Since the y' axis passes through the centroids of segments 1 and 2,
1 1
Iy′ = (20)(1503) + (150)(203)
12 12
= 5.725(106) mm4 Ans.
Ans:
y = 52.5 mm
Ix′ = 16.6 ( 106 ) mm4
Iy′ = 5.725 ( 106 ) mm4
459
6–83.
Determine the moment of inertia of the composite area

about the x axis.
solution
Composite Parts: The composite area can be subdivided into three segments as shown in Fig. a. Since segment (3) is a hole, it
contributes a negative moment of inertia. The perpendicular distance measured from the centroid of each segment to the x axis
is also indicated.
Moment of Inertia: The moment of inertia of each segment about the x axis can be determined using the parallel – axis theorem.
Thus,
I x = I x′ + A(dx )2
1  200    1
2
2  π
 36
1
=  (300)(200 3 ) + (300)(200) 
2  3    12
3
  4
4 2
(2
  +  (300)(200 ) + 300(200)(100)  +  − (75 ) + −π (75 ) (100) 

)
= 798(106 ) mm 4 Ans.
460
*6–84.
Determine the moment of inertia of the composite area

about the y axis.
Solution
Composite Parts: The composite area can be subdivided into three segments as shown in Fig. a. Since segment (3) is a hole,
it contributes a negative moment of inertia. The perpendicular distance measured from the centroid of each segment to the
y axis is also indicated.
Moment of Inertia: The moment of inertia of each segment about the y axis can be determined using the parallel – axis
theorem. Thus,
I y = I y¢ + A(dx )2
ù é π
é1 1 ù é1
( ù
= ê (200)(300 3 ) + (200)(300)(200)2 ú + ê (300)(200 3 ) + 200(300)(450)2 ú + ê - (754 ) + -π (752 ) (450)2 ú
ë 36 2 û ë 12 û ë 4 û
)
= 10.3(109 ) mm 4
Ans.
461
6–85.
Determine the moment of inertia Ix of the area about the y

x axis.
100 mm 100 mm 150 mm
150 mm
Solution 150 mm 75 mm
Moment of Inertia. The moment of inertia about the x axis for each segment can x
be determined using the parallel axis theorem, Ix = Ix′ + Ad 2y. Referring to Fig. a, O
Segment Ai(mm2) (dy)i (mm) (Ix′)i (mm4) (Ady)2i (mm4) (Ix)i (mm4)
1
1 200(300) 150 (200)(3003) 1.35(109) 1.80(109)
12
1 1
2 (150)(300) 100 (150)(3003) 0.225(109) 0.3375(109)
2 36
3 - p(752) 150 p(754) -0.3976(109) -0.4225(109)
-
4
Thus,
Ix = Σ(Ix)i = 1.715(109) mm4 = 1.72(109) mm4 Ans.
Ans:
Ix = 1.72(109) mm4
462
6–86.
Determine the moment of inertia Ix of the area about the y

y axis.
100 mm 100 mm 150 mm
150 mm
Solution 150 mm 75 mm
Moment of Inertia. The moment of inertia about the y axis for each segment can
be determined using the parallel-axis theorem, Iy = Iy′ + Ad 2x. Referring to Fig. a, x
O
Segment Ai(mm2) (dx)i (mm) Iy′(mm4) (Ad 2x)i (mm4) (Iy)i (mm4)
1
1 200(300) 100 (300)(2003) 0.6(109) 0.800(109)
12
1 1
2 (150)(300) 250 (300)(1503) 1.40625(109) 1.434375(109)
2 36
3 - p(752) 100 p(754) -0.1767(109) -0.20157(109)
-
4
Thus,
Iy = Σ(Iy)i = 2.033(109) mm4 = 2.03(109) mm4 Ans.
Ans:
Iy = 2.03 ( 109 ) mm4
463
6–87.
Determine the moment of inertia of the cross-sectional area of y

the beam about the y axis.
Determine the moment of inertia of the beam’s cross- y

sectional area about the y axis. 150 mm
50 mm 150 mm
150 mm
50 mm 150 mm
SOLUTION x¿
250 mm
C
Moment of Inertia: The dimensions and location of centroid of each segment are
shown in Fig. a. Since the y axis passes through the centroid of both segments, the x¿ x¿
moment of inertia about y axis for each segment is simply (Iy)i = (Iy¿)i. 250 mm _
C y
x¿
1 1
Iy = g (Iy)i = (50)(3003) + (250)(503) _
12 12 25 mm y x
25 mm
6 4 6 4
= 115.10(10 ) mm = 115(10 ) mm Ans.
25 mm x
25 mm
Ans:
Iy = 115 ( 106 ) mm4
464
*6–88.
Determine y, which locates the centroidal axis x′

x¿ for the yy
cross-sectional area of the T-beam, and then find the
moment of inertia about the x′
x¿ axis.
150
150mm
mm
5050mm 150
150mm
mm
mm
SOLUTION x¿x¿
250
250mm
mm
CC
©yA 125(250)(50) + (275)(50)(300)
y = = x¿x¿
©A 250(50) + 50(300)
_
yy
= 206.818 mm
y = 207 mm Ans. 2525mm

mm 25 mm xx
25 mm
1
Ix¿ = c (50)(250)3 + 50(250)(206.818 - 125)2 d
12
1
+c (300)(50)3 + 50(300)(275 - 206.818)2 d
12
Ix¿ = 222(106) mm4 Ans.
Ans:
y = 207 mm
Ix′ = 222 ( 106 ) mm4
465
6–89.
Determine the moment of inertia of the cross-sectional area y

of the beam about the x axis.
150 mm 150 mm
20 mm
200 mm
Solution C x
Moment of Inertia. Since the x axis passes through the centroids of the two segments, 20 mm
200 mm
Fig. a,
1 1 20 mm
Ix = (300)(4003) - (280)(3603)
12 12
= 511.36(106) mm4
= 511(106) mm4 Ans.
Ans:
Ix = 511(106) mm4
466
6–90.
Determine the moment of inertia of the cross-sectional area y

of the beam about the y axis.
150 mm 150 mm
20 mm
200 mm
Solution C x
Moment of Inertia. Since the y axis passes through the centroid of the two segments, 20 mm
200 mm
Fig. a,
1 1 20 mm
Iy = (360)(203) + (40)(3003)
12 12
= 90.24(106) mm4
= 90.2(106) mm4 Ans.
Ans:
Iy = 90.2 ( 106 ) mm4
467
6–91.
Determine the distance y to the centroid of the beam’s

cross-sectional area; then determine the moment of inertia
about the x’ axis.
Solution
segment A(mm 2 ) y(mm) yA(mm 3 )

1 50(100) 7.5 375(10 3 )
2 325(25) 12.5 101.5625(10 3 )
3 25(100) -50 -125(10 3 )
å 15.625(10 3 ) 351.5625(10 3 )
Thus,
∑ yA 351.5625(10 3 )
y= = = 22.5 mm
∑A 15.625(10 3 ) Ans.
Moment of Inertia: The moment of inertia about the x’ axis for each segment can be
2
determined using the parallel – axis theorem I x′ = I x′ + Ady .
segment Ai (mm 2 ) ( d y )i (mm 4 ) ( I x ′ )i (mm 4 ) ( Ad )i (mm 4 ) ( I x ′ )i (mm 4 )

3
1 50(100) 52.5 12
(50)(100 ) 13.781(106 ) 17.948(10 6
2 325(25) 10 12
(325)(253 ) 0.8125(106 ) 1.236(106 )
3 25(100) 72.5 12
(25)(100 3 ) 13.141(106 ) 15.224(106
Thus,
I x′ = ∑( I x′ )i = 34.41(106 ) mm 4 = 34.4(106 ) mm 4
Ans.
468
*6–92.
Determine the moment of inertia of the cross-sectional area

of the beam about the y axis.
Solution
Moment of Inertia : The moment of inertia about the y’ axis for each segment can
be determined using the parallel – axis theorem Iy’ = I y' + Adx2
segment Ai (mm 2 ) (d x )i (mm) ( I x' )i (mm 4 ) ( Ad x2 )i (mm 4 ) (I y' )i (mm 4 )

1 2[100(25)] 100 1
2[ 12 (100)(253 )] 50.0(106 ) 50.130(106 )
2 25(325) 0 1
12
(25)(3253 ) 0 71.519(106 )
3 100(25) 0 1
12
(100)(253 ) 0 0.130(106 )
Thus.
Iy’ = å(Iy’)i = 121.78(106) mm4 = 122(106) mm4 Ans.
469
*R6–4.
Locate the centroid y of the beam’s cross-sectional area. y
Locate the centroid y of the cross-sectional area of the y
beam. 50 mm 50 mm
50 mm 75 mm 75 mm 50 mm
75 mm 75 mm
25 mm
25 mm
CC
100 100
mmmm
yy
SOLUTION xx
Centroid: The area of each segment and its respective centroid are tabulated below. 25 mm 25 mm
25 mm 25 mm
' '
Segment A (mm 2) y (mm) y A (mm3)
1 300(25) 112.5 843 750
2 100(50) 50 250 000
© 12 500 1 093 750
Thus,
'
©yA 1 093 750
y = = = 87.5 mm Ans.
©A 12 500
Ans:
y = 87.5 mm
470

Solution: Locate The Centroid X of The Area

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Solution: Locate The Centroid X of The Area

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Locate the centroid x of the area. y

Locate the centroid x of the shaded area. y

These solutions represent a preliminary version

Locate the centroid y of the area. y

Locate the centroid y of the shaded area. y

Locate the centroid x of the area. y

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