PAGE 1 MODULE 1 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING DEFINITION OF
TERMS
READING Reading Tehniques
styles in decoding symbols for
TECHNIQUES
better comprehension
Scanning
locate a specific fact or
Technique
information
doign something by using special
knowledge
Skimming
methods of rapidly moving the
Reading
eyes over the main ideas
cognitive process of decoding
symbols to contruct and derive
Phrase Reading
meaning
focus on phrases

Non-Prose Reading
visual or graphical that
summarize information and
ideas through word, symbols,
picture, and drawings.
PAGE 2 MODULE 2 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING
can use when content is heavy
and presented fast
Sentence Method
NOTE TAKING
write every new fact like a
practice of writing down or
normal sentence
recording a key words in an
information. OUTLINING
a hand-in-hand with listening a blueprint of some more
and reading elaborate written structure

Different Methods of note taking Types of Outling

Cornell Method Topic Outline
a systematic format for uses single words or phrases in the
condensing & organizing notes headings
without laborious recopying Sentence Outline
can use in any lecture expands each part into full
Outlining Method sentence
dash or indented outlining Mixed Outline
use this when there is enough allows put main idea in COMPLETE
time in to think about SENTENCE FORM ans subordinate
Mapping Method ideas in TOPIC FORM
note taking form which relates Paragraph Outline
each fact to every other fact lists the topic ideas each paragraph
use this when the content is in order
heavy and well-organized
Charting Method
lecture formats is distinct
PAGE 3 MODULE 2 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING OUTLINING
Outline Formats
Roman numeral or numeral
form
Arabic or Dewey Decimal
Alphanumeric Form
PAGE 4 MODULE 2 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING OUTLINING
Outline Formats
Roman numeral or numeral
form
Arabic or Dewey Decimal
Alphanumeric Form
PAGE 5 MODULE 3 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING
Write a thesis statement
Ready to write
Check for accuracy
MAIN IDEA
Revise
particular point the author is
trying to make
main idea is called “topic
sentence” in a paragraph,
“thesis statement” in an essay or
article, and “theme” in a literary
piece

Where are the useful places to look

for the main idea?
beginning
middle
the end

SUMMARIZING
using few words to give the
most important information

RULES IN SUMMARIZING
Divide & Conquer
Read
Reread
One sentence at a time
PAGE 6 MODULE 4 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING
Faulty Generalization
statement poorly supported by
facts
GENERALIZATION
defined as a broad statement

CUE WORDS INFERENCE

all act or process of concluding
none something from other people
most actions
many
always
everyone
never
sometimes
some
usually
seldom
few
generally
in general

Valid Generalization
statement is true
supported by facts
uses logic & reasoning
proven with several examples
PAGE 7 MODULE 5 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING
Adverb clause
introduced by subordinating
conjunctions (after, before, if,
CLAUSE
since, until..)
Clause
groups of words with a subject
Noun clause
and verb
functions as noun
TWO MAIN TYPES OF CLAUSES
Independent
SENTENCE
can stand alone since they have KINDS OF SENTENCES ACCORDING

complete thought TO FUNCTION

Declaration sentence
Dependent
makes a statement and end
also known as “surbordinate
with a period
clause”
can’t stand alone since it don’t Imperative sentence

have complete thought gives a command

THREE TYPES OF SUBORDINATE Interrogative sentence

CLAUSE: asks a questions, always end

Adjective clause with a question mark (?)

introduced by special words Exclamatory Sentence

called relative pronouns (who, indicates a strong emotion end
whose, whom, that, which) with exclamation mark (!)
can be introduced by relative
adverbs (where, when, why)
PAGE 8 MODULE 5 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING
SENTENCE
KINDS OF SENTENCES ACCORDING
TO STRUCTURE
Simple sentence
expresses only 1 main idea

Compound sentence
expresses 2 or more main idea

Complex sentence
has independent clause and at
least 1 dependent clause

Compound-complex Sentence
has 2 or more independent
clauses and at least 1
subordinate clause
PAGE 9 MODULE 6 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING
3. Coherence & Cohesion
cohesion — connection of the
sentences and ideas in a text
PARAGRAPH
coherence — overall
greek words; paragraphos; to
understanding of what the text
write beside or written beside
say
a piece of writing focuses on one
topic
4. Emphasis
highlight the idea
ELEMENTS OF PARAGRAPH
PARTS OF A
CUE — Coherence, Unity, &
PARAGRAPH
Emphasis Topic sentence

1. Unity central idea

makes a clear reading Supporting details

2. Order to elaborate on the topic

orderly movement of ideas sentence

ranges from facts, examples, or
5 types of oderly relationships of
intances
sentence
Time Chronological Concluding statement

Relationships final sentence of a paragraph

Space Relationships Compound-complex Sentence

Particular to General has 2 or more independent
General to Particular clauses and at least 1
Cause-effect Relationships subordinate clause
PAGE 10 MODULE 6 2ND SEMESTER

READING AND
WRITING
WAYS TO END A PARAGRAPH
using a brief summary
PARAGRAPH using a quotation
HOW TO START AND END A using a challenge to act
PARAGRAPH? using a question

1. Consider when writing a

paragraph:
what is the main idea of my
paragraph?
provide details and examples
shows that the main idea is
correct
explain how the details and
examples, prove that the topic
sentence is true
5 sentences is the maximum, 3
sentence is the minimum while8
sentences is too much

2. Starting ans ending a paragraph

must catch reader’s interest and
curiosity
WAYSTO BEGIN A PARAGRAPH
using a quotation
using a intriguing statement
Using an anecdote or an
incidents
using a question