Dr/ Soaad Abd El-Badie Attia El-Afefy

( S. Abd El-Badie)

Lecturer
Mathematics Department
Faculty of Science - University

Mathematics
Is the Queen of Sciences
Carl Friedrich Gauss
 Lecture (1)
Partial Fractions
 Partial Fractions
1. Partial Fractions Definition

2. Proper Partial Fractions

3. Improper Partial Fractions

 1. Partial Fractions Definition

In Algebra, Partial Fractions Are The Algorithmic Breakdown Of A

Complex Fraction Into A Sum Of Simpler Fractions Often Made Up Of
Polynomial Expressions. They Are Crucial Tools For Integration,
Differential Equations, And Laplace Transforms.

Partial Fraction
 1. Partial Fractions Types

Partial Fraction Types

Proper Improper
Numerator Deg.
≥
Denominator Deg.
Polynomial Function
2. Proper Partial Fractions
 2. Proper Partial Fractions
(Case 1: Linear Factors)
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

1. Let x = 5 in (**) (Elimination Method)

L.H.S. Num.= 38 = A (0) + B (19) = R.H.S. Num. → B= 2
2. Let x = -4/3 in (**) (Elimination Method)
L.H.S. Num.= -19 = A (-19/3) + B (0) = R.H.S. Num. → A= 3
 2. Proper Partial Fractions
(Case 1: Linear Factors)
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

3. By Substituting by A =3 & B = 2 in (*)

 2. Proper Partial Fractions
(Case 2: Repeated Linear Factors)
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

1. Let x = 3 in (**) (Elimination Method)

L.H.S. Num.= 11 = A (0) + B = R.H.S. Num. → B= 11
2. By Substituting by B=11 & Equating the Coefficients in (**)
2x + 5 = Ax - 3A +11→ A= 2
 2. Proper Partial Fractions
(Case 2: Repeated Linear Factors)
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

3. By Substituting by A =2 &B = 11 in (*)

 2. Proper Partial Fractions
(Case 2: Linear & Repeated Linear Factors)
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

1. Let x = -2 in (**) (Elimination Method)

L.H.S. Num.=2 = A (1) + B (0) + C(0) = R.H.S. Num. → A= 2
2. Let x = -1 in (**) (Elimination Method)
L.H.S. Num.= -1 = A (0) + B (0) + C(1) = R.H.S. Num. → C= -1
 2. Proper Partial Fractions
(Case 3: Linear & Repeated Linear Factors)
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

3. By Substituting by A =2 & C = -1 & Equating the Coefficients in (**)

4. By Substituting by A =2, B = -1 & C= -1 in (*)

 2. Proper Partial Fraction
(Case 4: Linear & Quadratic Factors)
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

1. Let x = 2 in (**) (Elimination Method)

 2. Proper Partial Fraction
(Case 4: Linear & Quadratic Factors)
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

2. By Substituting by A = 10/7 & Equating the Coefficients in (**)

3. By Substituting by A =10/7 , B=-10/7 & C= 5/7 in (*)

Remainder:Partial Fractions Types

Partial Fraction Types

Proper Improper
 3. Improper Partial Fractions

Long Division

Improper
 3. Improper Partial Fractions
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

Num. Deg. = Den. Deg.

(1) Long Division

 3. Improper Partial Fractions
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

Num. Deg. = Den. Deg.

(2) Partial Fraction

1. Let x = -3 in (**) (Elimination Method)

2. Let x = 2 in (**) (Elimination Method)

 3. Improper Partial Fractions
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

Num. Deg. = Den. Deg.

3. By Substituting by A =2 , B=4 in (*)

 3. Improper Partial Fractions
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

Num. Deg. > Den. Deg.

(1) Long Division

 3. Improper Partial Fraction
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

Num. Deg. > Den. Deg.

(1) Long Division

 3. Improper Partial Fractions
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

Num. Deg. > Den. Deg.

(2) Partial Fraction

1. Let x = -1 in (**) (Elimination Method)

2. Let x = -3 in (**) (Elimination Method)

 3. Improper Partial Fractions
Example : Find the Partial Fraction Form

Num. Deg. > Den. Deg.

3. By Substituting by A =2 , B=-1 in (*)

 Dr/ Soaad Abd El-Badie Attia El-Afefy
( S. Abd El-Badie)

Don't 4 Get & Do All Ur Best 2 B Z Best