Management, Managers

&
Contemporary Challenges
Dr. A.KARIM BENLAAYOUNI
Copyright ©2022 by Professor BENLAAYOUNI.
No part of this material may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the
permission of the instructor.
 Introduction

The role of a manager has constantly changed.

In the past, managers were considered as "the
boss.“
This may still be true nowadays, yet many
managers view themselves as leaders rather than as
people who tell subordinates what to do.
The role of a manager is comprehensive and often
very complex.
Not everyone wants to be a manager, nor should
everyone be considered a manager.
 Why to study management?

qIt makes revenues to organizations

qIt allows companies to compete
internationally
qModern organizations affect every one of us
qNew graduates will be expected to
manage or be managed.
qIf you are not managing then you will be
managed.
 What’s management?

´Management is the process of reaching

organizations’ goals efficiently and effectively.

´A “Process” implies a variety of acts including

planning, organizing, leading, motivating and
controlling the companies resources.
 Actually,

The conventional definition of management is

Getting work done through people.
But

Real management is

developing people through work.

 In Japan (Japanese management)

´Theory Z by Dr. William Ouchi (1980s)

´“The process of increasing employees’
loyalty to the company”
How?
´ “… by providing a job for life with a strong
focus on the well-being of the employees,
both on and off the job”.
 Basics of Japanese management

´Making effective ´Focusing on the problem

decisions. ´Undertaking action
´Harmonizing ´Meeting workers’ needs
employment security
´Willingness to change
with other needs
´Lifetime training concept
´Developing young
professional managers ´Adapting the concept
´Decisions by ‘Consensus’ ´Appraisal & assignment
Peter F. Drucker ´Managerial godfathers
Austrian American management consultant, educator, & author
the founder of modern management.”
(Harvard Business Review)
When did management
start?
 Hints about the History of Management

´While management (according to some definitions) has existed

for millennia, several writers have created a
background of works that assisted in modern
management theories.
´Some ancient military texts have been cited for
lessons that civilian managers can gather. For
example, Chinese general Sun Tzu in the 6th century
BC, The Art of War, recommends being aware of
and acting on strengths and weaknesses of both a
manager's organization and a foe's
 Therefore,
Not everyone wants to be a manager, nor
should everyone be considered a manager.

The manager job requires certain skills that

should not be only theoritical but also practical
and measurable
• Communication Competency

• Planning and Administration Competency

• Teamwork Competency

• Strategic Action Competency

• Multicultural Competency

• Self-Management Competency
Basic Management Concepts
´Planning
´Controlling
´Staffing
´Executing
´Organizing
´Leading
´Performing
´Allocating
 Basic Management Terminology
Planning
Formulating one or more detailed Controlling
plans to achieve with
consideration of the needs & Establishing benchmarks or
resources. standards and comparing actual
performance against them.
(identifying goal, strategies and the
means required) (Taking corrective action, if required)
Staffing
Executing
Selection and training of
Capacity to complete assigned
individuals for specific job
tasks and responsibilities to
functions, and charging them
customary or specified
with the associated
standards within a certain
responsibilities
timeframe
(the right people for the right tasks)
(Just do it)
 Organizing
Arranging several elements Leading
into a purposeful sequential or
spatial (or both) order or Directing, supervising ,
structure. looking and coordinating
(Assembling required resources to
attains organizational objectives)
Allocating
Performing The appropriate distribution
of cost or expense over
Accomplishing , two or more accounting
achieving tasks periods, or charging it to
(Yes you did it) two or more activities,
departments, or products.
(Cost Expenses Balance)
 Functions of a manager

Henri Fayol(French mining engineer and director of mines)

who developed a general theory of business
administration considers management to consist of
six functions:
´Forecasting
´Planning
´Organizing
´Commanding
´Coordinating
´Controlling
Simply, the functions of a Manager
 What’s an Organization?
üPeople brought together to accomplish
specific purpose and tasks.

üEvery organization has a structure, a goal

and people.
What makes an Organization?
üMission & Vision
üProduct (Service or goods)
üTarget clientele
üResources
Human
Material
Financial
üManagers
 The hierarchy of managers at the
company
Management takes place at different levels of an organization.

ü Top management
(C.E.O/ GENERAL DIRECTORS/VISE PRESIDENT)

ü Middle management
(SUPERINTENDENT OF COMPANY/ REGIONAL DIRECTOR/ DIRECTOR OF DIVISION)

ü First level management

(CHIEF FACTORY/ SUPERVISOR/ CHIEF OF ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT)

v Every manager should have few competencies to excel in his position

Among these skills & Competencies…

üMaking decisions & weighing risks

üPlanning & scheduling workers
üSolving problems
üThinking clearly and analytically
üTime management and prioritization
üTraining, coaching and delegating
üSetting goals and standards
üEvaluating performance
üCommunicating effectively &
efficiently
 Bear in mind….

§ Management is not an easy task

§It is a responsibility

§ It is the stress of managing stress

 Challenges of modern management

´The world is undergoing tremendous continuous

changes in the era of globalization.

´We have not one ethics code but many

´Multinational organizations imply different people

with different characteristics.
 So what?

Managers should…
´Adapt to the continuous changes in
technology and global economy.

´Maintain ethical standards

´Accept cultural differences and diversity

 Conclusion

Good management is the art of making

problems so interesting and their solutions so

constructive that everyone wants to get to work

and deal with them.

Paul Hawken
Thank you for your attention