SCIENCE,

TECHNOLOGY
AND SOCIETY
GED 109
Learning Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, students are expected to
demonstrate the following:
1.Discuss the interactions between S&T and society
throughout history.
2.Discuss how scientific and technological
developments affect society and the physical
environment so as to enhance S&T positive impacts
and to mitigate S&T adverse effects.
 In 20, 50 or 100
years what do you
think the future
will look like?
A. GENERAL
CONCEPTS
WHAT IS SCIENCE,
TECHNOLOGY AND
SOCIETY?
 Science and Technology studies or science,
technology and society studies (both
abbreviated STS) is the study of how society,
politics and culture affect scientific research
and technological innovation, and how these,
in turn, affect society, politics and culture.
Is the study of
STS important?
1.To understand how science, technology and
social, cultural and materials elements
influence the formation of new practices,
new ways of understanding and new
institutions important in understanding
contemporary postmodern society.
 2. New technology and knowledge is
fundamental to gauge and imagine the
direction and what is the possible
future.
3.The interaction between science and
technology with society is a very
important field of inquiry which not
only leads us to understand not only
their relevance but also their
limitation and the problem they
create.
SCIENCE
>Science comes from Latin word “scientia”
meaning knowledge.

Science is an evolving body of knowledge that

is based on theoretical expositions and
experimental and empirical activities that
generates universal truths.
 SCIENCE ?
IT IS AN IDEA
IT IS PERSONAL AND SOCIAL ACTIVITY
IT IS A COURSE OR FIELS OF STUDY
IT IS AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY
 SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
is an era of enlightenment and
intellectualization that nurtured the
developments in the field of mathematics,
physics, astronomy, biology, and
chemistry that changed the observations of
society about the environment.
 TECHNOLOGY
Techne (art, craft, skill)
Logos (word)
Technology is the application of science and
creation of systems, processes and objects
designed to help humans in their daily
activities.
 SOCIETY
it is derived from the Latin word “socius”
which means companionship or friendship.
Society is the sum total of our interactions as
humans, including the interactions that we
engage in to understand the nature of things
and to create things.
 THE ROLE OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
1. alter the way people live, connect,
communicate and transact, with profound
effects on economic development;
 THE ROLE OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
2. key drivers to development, because
technological and scientific revolutions
underpin economic advances,
improvements in health systems, education
and infrastructure;
THE ROLE OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
3. have the power to better the lives
of poor people in developing
countries
 THE ROLE OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
4. differentiators between countries that
are able to tackle poverty effectively by
growing and developing their economies,
and those that are not.
 THE ROLE OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
5. engine of growth
6. interventions for cognitive
enhancement, proton cancer therapy and
genetic engineering
 B. HISTORICAL
ANTECEDENTS IN
THE WORLD
 FROM
ANCIENT
TIMES
TO 600 BC
Science during ancient times involved practical
arts like healing practices and metal tradition.
Some of the earliest records from history
indicate that 3,000 years before Christ, the
ancient Egyptians already had reasonably
sophisticated medical practices. Sometime
around 2650 B.C., for example, a man named
Imhotep was renowned for his knowledge of
medicine.
Most historians agree that the heart of Egyptian
medicine was trial and error. Egyptian doctors would
try one remedy, and if it worked, they would
continue to use it. If a remedy they tried didn’t work,
the patient might die, but at least the doctors learned
that next time they should try a different remedy.
Despite the fact that such practices sound primitive,
the results were, sometimes, surprisingly effective.
 “PAPYRUS”
The papyrus is an ancient form of
paper, made from the papyrus plant,
a reed which grows in the marshy
areas around the Nile river. world.
Papyrus was used as a writing
material as early as 3,000 BC in
ancient Egypt, and continued to be
used to some extent until around
1100 AD.
 “COMPASS”
In ancient China, the compass was
first used for worship, fortune-telling
and geomancy - the art of aligning
buildings. In the late 11th or early
12th century, Chinese sailors adopted
the compass for astronomical and
terrestrial navigation, heralding a
new era in the history of navigation.
THE ADVENT
OF SCIENCE
(600BC TO
500 AD)
 The ancient Greeks were the early thinkers and as far as
historians can tell, they were the first true scientists.
Scientific thought in Classical Antiquity becomes tangible
from the 6thcentury BC in pre-Socratic philosophy
(Thales, Pythagoras). In circa 385 BC, Plato founded the
Academy. With Plato's student Aristotle begins the
"scientific revolution" of the Hellenistic period
culminating in the 3rd to 2nd centuries with scholars
such as Eratosthenes, Euclid, Aristarchus of Samos,
Hipparchus and Archimedes.
 ANATOMY, BOTANY,
ZOOLOGY, GEOGRAPHY,
MATHEMATICS AND
ASTRONOMY.
 ISLAMIC
GOLDEN AGE
There was great progress in medicine during this
period. Al-Biruni, and Avicenna produced books
that contain descriptions of the preparation of
hundred of drugs made from medicinal plants and
chemical compounds. Islamic doctors describe
diseases like smallpox and measles, and challenged
classical Greek medical knowledge.
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
IN ANCIENT
CHINA
Ancient China gave the world the Four Great
Inventions that include the compass,
gunpowder, papermaking and printing. These
were considered as among the most important
technological advances and were only known
to Europe 1000 years later or during the end of
the Middle ages.
 THE
RENAISSANCE
(1300 AD-
1600 AD)
it was considered by many as the Golden Age
of Science. During the Renaissance period,
great advances occurred in geography,
astronomy, chemistry, physics, mathematics,
anatomy, manufacturing, and engineering.
 “PRINTING
PRESS”
The most important technological
advance of all in this period was the
development of printing, with
movable metal type, about the mid-
15th century in Germany byJohannes
Gutenberg i
 THE
ENLIGHTENMENT
PERIOD
(1715 A.D- 1789 A.D)
The Enlightenment Period or the Age of Reason
was characterized by radical reorientation in
science, which emphasized reason over
superstition and science over blind faith.
saac Newton’s epochal accomplishment in his
“Principia Mathematica” consists in the
comprehension of a diversity of physical
phenomena – in particular the motions of
heavenly bodies, together with the motions of
sublunary bodies –
 Industrial
Revolution
(1760 - 1840)
The main features involved in the Industrial
Revolution were technological, socioeconomic,
and cultural. The technological changes
included the following: (1) the use of new basic
materials, chiefly iron and steel, (2) the use of
new energy sources, including both fuels and
motive power, such as coal, the steam engine,
electricity, petroleum, and the internal-
combustion engine.
 (3) the invention of new machines, such as the
spinning jenny and the power loom that
permitted increased production with a smaller
expenditure of human energy, (4) a new
organization of work known as the factory
system, which entailed increased division of
labor and specialization of function,
 (5) important developments in transportation
and communication, including the steam
locomotive, steamship, automobile, airplane,
telegraph, and radio, and (6) the increasing
application of science to industry.
 2oth CENTURY
SCIENCE: PHYSICS
AND INFORMATION
AGE
The 20th century was an important century in
the history of the sciences. It generated entirely
novel insights in all areas of research – often
thanks to the introduction of novel research
methods – and it established an intimate
connection between science and technology.
 SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN
THE 4TH
INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
VIRTUAL REALITY (VR)
BIOTECHNOLOGY
ROBOTICS
3D PRINTING
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is a way of
describing the blurring of boundaries between
the physical, digital, and biological worlds. It’s
a fusion of advances in artificial intelligence
(AI), robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), 3D
printing, genetic engineering, quantum
computing, and other technologies
 C. HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT OF
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN
THE PHILIPPINES
PRE-SPANISH ERA
There is not much written about the
Philippines during pre-colonial time but
analysis from archeological artifacts revealed
that the first inhabitants in the archipelago
who settled in Palawan and Batangas around
40 000 years ago have made simple tools or
weapons of stone which eventually developed
techniques for sawing, drilling and polishing
hard stones
SPANISH COLONIAL
ERA
The beginnings of modern science and
technology in the country can be traced back
to the Spanish regime because they established
schools, hospitals and started scientific
research that had important consequences in
the development of the country
Dr. Jose Rizal is the epitome of the Renaissance man in
the Philippine context. He is a scientist, a doctor, an
engineer (he designed and built a water system in
Dapitan), a journalist, a novelist, an urban planner and
a hero. Being a doctor and scientist, he had extensive
knowledge on medicine and was able to operate his
mother’s blinding eye. When he was deported in
Dapitan, his knowledge on science and engineering
was translated into technology by creating a water
system that improved the sanitation of households in
the area.
AMERICAN PERIOD
during the American occupation and was made
possible by the government’s extensive public
education system from elementary to tertiary schools.
The establishment of various public tertiary schools
like the Philippine Normal School and University of the
Philippines provided the needs for professionally
trained Filipinos in building the government’s
organization and programs.
COMMONWEALTH
PERIOD
When the Americans granted independence and the
Commonwealth government was established, the
Filipinos were busy in working towards economic
reliance but acknowledge the importance and vital role
of science and technology for the economic
development of the country by declaring that “The
State shall promote scientific research and inventio
 SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY SINCE
INDEPENDENCE
During these times, the government gave greater
importance to science and technology. The
government declared in Section 9(1) of the 1973
Philippine Constitution that the “advancement of
science and technology shall have priority in the
national development.
 HOPES IN
PHILIPPINE
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
e micro-satellite. In April 2016,
the country launched into space
its first micro-satellite called
Diwata-1. It was designed,
developed and assembled by
Filipino researchers and
engineers under the guidance of
Japanese experts.
The country also has the Nationwide Operational
Assessment of Hazards (NOAH), which uses the Lidar
(light detection and ranging) technology. Project NOAH
was initiated in June 2012 to help manage risks associated
with natural hazards and disasters. The project
developed hydromet sensors and high-resolution geo-
hazard maps, which were generated by light detection
and ranging technology for flood modeling.
Another hope lies in the so-called Intelligent Operation
Center Platform. Established through a collaboration
between the local government of Davao City and IBM
Philippines Inc., the center resulted in the creation of a
dashboard that allows authorized government agencies,
such as police, fire and anti-terrorism task force, to use
analytics software for monitoring events and operations
in real time