HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS

IN WHICH SOCIAL
CONSIDERATIONS CHANGED
THE COURSE OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
But first…

Anong nauna: Science

or Technology?
Learning outcomes
1. Discuss the interactions between S&T and society throughout
history.
2. Discuss how scientific and technological developments affect
society and the environment.
3. Identify the paradigm shifts in history.
4. Articulate ways by which society is transformed by science and
technology.
What is the meaning of science and
technology
Science is the systematic way of acquiring
knowledge through observation and
experimentation, whereas technology is the
practical application of science. Technology is
used to design products that improve the
quality of human life.
Science is a systematic way of acquiring
knowledge about a particular field of study
It helps us to gain knowledge, through an
organized system of observation and
experimentation. This system is used to
describe different natural phenomena. The
aforementioned description is that of pure
science, and biology, chemistry, physics and
the like.
Technology can be defined as the
products, tools and processes used to
accomplish tasks in daily life.
•Itis the application of science to solve a
problem. Technology involves the application
of engineering and applied sciences to solve
the practical problems of human lives.
Society - people living together in a
more or less ordered community.
STS
• Science, Technology and Society (STS)
the study of how social, political, and cultural values
 affect  scientific research and technological 
innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society, 
politics and culture.
HISTORY OF STS
•Likemost interdisciplinary programs, STS
emerged from the confluence of a variety of
disciplines and disciplinary subfields, all of
which had developed an interest—typically,
during the 1960s or 1970s—in viewing
science and technology as socially embedded
enterprises.
STS took shape independently,
beginning in the 1960s
• In the 1970s Elting E. Morison founded the STS
program at Massachusetts Institute of Technology
 (MIT), which served as a model
• The key disciplinary components of, and developed
in isolation from each other well into the 1980s.
•Drawn from a variety of disciplines,
including anthropology, history,
 political science, and sociology,
scholars in these programs created
undergraduate curricula devoted to
exploring the issues raised by science
 and technology
Scientific Revolution (1543-1600)
• Itis a concept used by historians to describe the
emergence of modern science during the early
modern period, when developments in
mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology
(including human anatomy) and chemistry
transformed the views of society about nature
Scientific Revolution
•'Scientific
Revolution' refers to the period
between Copernicus and Newton. But the
chronological period has varied dramatically
over the last 50 years. The broadest period
acknowledged usually runs from Nicholas
Copernicus (1473-1543) and his De
Revolutionibus to Isaac Newton (1642-1727).
•Some historians have cut this back, claiming
that it properly extends only to the publication
of Newton's Principia (Newton’s law of
Motion) (1687) or to his Opticks (1704) or to
Newton's death (1727). More radical
proposals have suggested that the Scientific
Revolution might apply to the so-called
Enlightenment 'Newtonians' thus extending to
roughly 1750.
 •Most historians agree, however, that the
traditional interpretation was based on belief
in a core transformation which began in
cosmology and astronomy and then shifted to
physics (some historians have argued that
there were parallel developments in anatomy
and physiology, represented by Vesalius and
Harvey).
Historical Antecedents
• Ancient Times
• Medieval Times
• Modern Ages
• Filipino Inventions
Ancient Times
Middle Ages
Modern Ages
If you would invent something today
that will change the world, what will it
be?
End. Quiz next meeting
Fr. Nicanor Austriaco of OCTA Research Team